CN111002579A - Swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device special for three-dimensional printing - Google Patents
Swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device special for three-dimensional printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111002579A CN111002579A CN201910718705.XA CN201910718705A CN111002579A CN 111002579 A CN111002579 A CN 111002579A CN 201910718705 A CN201910718705 A CN 201910718705A CN 111002579 A CN111002579 A CN 111002579A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
A swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device special for three-dimensional printing; belonging to the field of mechanical construction; the invention provides a method for clamping a heat insulation component (selected) between a melt turntable and a feeding throat pipe column body, and supporting the feeding throat pipe column body to freely rotate around the axis of the feeding throat pipe column body in the bearing seat and support through the bearing seat and support which are rigidly connected with a shell fixing structure and are static; rotating a rotating shaft (axis) of a feeding throat pipe cylinder, switching to use a nozzle of which the lowest position is positioned and which vertically points to the printing platform, and pushing the ejector pin to block or open a channel by the contact action of a contact disc of the ejector pin and an ejector pin clamping piece; the method has the advantages of quick color change, no color cross among multiple spray heads, accurate alignment of the switching spray heads and the like, and can be widely used in FDM-3D printers.
Description
[ technical field ]
The invention belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and particularly relates to a multi-color FDM-3D printing multi-nozzle extrusion device.
[ background art ]
Background of the FDM-3D printer the procedure for slicing is described:
FDM means: fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). Basic framework of mechanical part of common FDM-3D printer: the extruder is supported by a supporting track of X \ Y horizontal displacement, and is driven by an X-axis motor and a Y-axis motor independently to do plane motion along a horizontal plane, the printing platform is a platform which can be finely leveled and is used for bearing a printed object, and is driven by a Z-axis motor to do vertical reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, and molten materials sprayed from a nozzle of the extruder are stacked layer by layer to achieve the purpose of forming a three-dimensional object.
Firstly, the FDM software analyzes and stratifies the 3D model data to generate a printing path and a supporting path. Second, the extruder and printed article carrying table will rise to the temperature set by the 3D model. And finally, in the printing process, continuously and automatically reading 3D model hierarchical data from built-in software when the FDM-3D printer prints, arranging the liquid which is subjected to high-temperature melting to be extruded through a nozzle of an extruder, quickly condensing and solidifying when the liquid is cooled after being extruded, and then forming a three-dimensional object by swinging the extruder on a plane and downwards displacing a printing plate. The displacement of the extruder on the plane and the up-and-down displacement of the printing object bearing table form a three-dimensional space, and the extruder and the printing object bearing table print according to the generated path. In the printing process, after the extruder finishes a printing task on one plane, the bearing table for the printed object automatically descends by one layer, and the extruder continues printing. And circulating to and fro until the finished product is finished. During the printing process, the wire inserted into the extruder is rapidly melted and extruded by the extruder to be instantly coagulated. The temperature of the extruder is relatively high, and the temperature of the extruder is relatively different according to different materials and different model design temperatures. In order to prevent the occurrence of the problems of edge warping and the like of a printed object, the printed object bearing table is generally heated, and the printed object bearing table is generally covered with adhesive paper so as to facilitate the peeling of a printed finished product. The principle of fused deposition modeling is as follows: firstly, inputting a slice file (section contour information) into a computer, wherein the thickness of a slice is generally selected to be 0.1-0.6 mm; the heating nozzle is controlled by a computer to do X-Y plane motion according to the (slice) section profile information of a product part, the thermoplastic filamentous material is sent to the hot melting nozzle by a wire supply mechanism, is heated and melted into semi-liquid state in the nozzle, is extruded out, is selectively coated on a working table, and forms a layer of sheet profile with the thickness of about 0.127mm after being rapidly cooled. And after the section of one layer is formed, the workbench descends by a certain height, then cladding of the next layer is carried out, the section outline is like to be 'drawn' layer by layer, and the steps are repeated, so that the three-dimensional product part is finally formed. The combination of the FDM-3D technology and the engraving and milling technology (CNC) at present does not have a scheme which is cost-effective and has the best effect. The three-dimensional model file is generated into a file exported into an STL format, and then the STL format file is generated into a file in a Gcode format to be printed, so that the three-dimensional model file can be manufactured in 3ds max and other three-dimensional model manufacturing software such as Solid Works, Chinese-stroke UG, Chinese-stroke MAYA and the like. Next, a model of this block needs to be derived at 3ds max, a file in STL format is derived, and named as the appropriate file name, and it should be noted that the naming operation is performed using english or pinyin, or a combination of both alphabetic and numeric characters. And opening the Cura software, and opening the derived STL format three-dimensional model file in the Cura software. The support is divided into two types, wherein the first item is an external support, namely a support structure which can be in contact with a printer platform, and the second item Everywhere means that all places with suspended structures are provided with support assistance; the first item is that a circle of base is added on the periphery of the model to help the model to be more firmly adhered to the platform, and the second item is that a base is added on the whole bottom of the model to help the model to be adhered to the platform, wherein the first item is generally recommended to be used; the diameter of the wire is the diameter of a consumable used by the 3D printer, and the input 2.95 is the flow value of 100% because the wire is a consumable of 3 MM; two other important parameters also need to be set: "machine settings" and "advanced settings". The setting options of the machine setting needing attention are the setting of the platform size and the extrusion amount; advanced arrangements typically require only modification of the packing density of the support therein.
The extruder structure of the current FDM-3D printer:
the common multicolor printer of the FDM-3D printer is also provided with an independent multi-nozzle mode and a multicolor shared melting cavity and single-nozzle mode besides a single-nozzle extruder, wherein the structure of the former has the defects of large volume and difficulty in alignment after independent movement, and the latter has the defects of excessive slow printing color change and the like though the structure is simple, so that the common multicolor printer of the FDM-3D printer is not satisfactory.
For further analysis: for a conventional multi-jet extruder: the mutual leakage pollution and rubbing are huge obstacles; because the distance between each spray head is short, the materials can be continuously sprayed after the pushing of the motor is finished due to the pressure inertia of the material melting cavity; if the nozzles are in the same plane, the scraping of the non-working nozzle on the surface of the formed object will seriously affect the printing quality. There are two approaches currently being taken: the removal of the individual spray heads and the slight lifting of the non-working nozzles.
Similar to a piston pump, the plastic filament acts as a piston to generate pressure on the melting chamber before melting and is extruded through a nozzle; in detail: pushing plastic filaments from an inlet end through an extruder assembly
The throat pipe is guided by the throat pipe and is sent into a melting cavity part of the heating aluminum block, most of the heating rods are adopted to indirectly heat the aluminum block, and after the plastic wires are fully melted, the plastic wires are extruded out from a nozzle under the action of the pressure of a subsequent wire feeding (piston).
The extruder device comprises an extruder assembly and a feeding device:
the throat pipe in the extruder assembly is made of stainless steel, so that the heat conducting performance of the throat pipe is reduced, the stainless steel throat pipe is internally lined with Teflon for a certain time, the temperature inside the throat pipe is increased due to long-term heating and printing of the extruder assembly, so that materials in the throat pipe are in a molten state, the materials are bonded in the pipe after printing and cooling are stopped, the adhesion materials in the pipe cannot be melted immediately when the extruder assembly is restarted for printing next time, the throat pipe is blocked, and the Teflon is lined in the throat pipe, so that the materials in the throat pipe cannot be melted and adhered, and the problem of blocking can be greatly solved. Meanwhile, the author adds a radiating fin and a fan on the extruder assembly, mainly aims to reduce the temperature of the upper part of the throat pipe and prevent the problem of a choke plug, and also can radiate the extruder assembly.
The feeding device is divided into a long-distance feeding device and a short-distance feeding device; the remote feeding device is characterized in that a gear of a feeding motor drives a material wire to enter a Teflon hose, the Teflon hose leads to a melting cavity part through a throat pipe, and the 2 ends of the Teflon hose are respectively and rigidly locked with the throat pipe and a support of the feeding motor. The short-range feeding device and the long-range feeding device have no essential difference, and the difference is that a feeding motor is directly and rigidly connected with a throat pipe, so that a Teflon material guide pipe is omitted.
[ summary of the invention ]
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and overcome the defects of material leakage, poor alignment precision, slowness and the like in the nozzle changing process of the multi-nozzle extruder.
The invention is characterized in that: the structure is simple and mature, and the operation is reliable.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device special for three-dimensional printing is constructed as follows:
a heat insulation component (selected) is clamped between a melt rotating disc (usually made of metal) and a feeding throat cylinder (usually made of metal and lined with teflon inside), the heat insulation component is connected through fastening screws or tight fit, a bearing seat and support are rigidly connected with a shell fixing structure, the shell fixing structure is connected with a shell structure part of a 3D machine and keeps static, and a shaft hole of the bearing seat and support is directly (without a bearing, the shaft hole is directly matched and contacted with the cylindrical surface of the feeding throat cylinder) or is connected with the feeding throat cylinder through the bearing, so that the feeding throat cylinder can freely rotate around the axis of the feeding throat cylinder inside the bearing seat and support; the material wire passes through a plurality of throat material passing holes which are processed on the feeding throat tube cylinder in an axial direction (penetrate through the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the feeding throat tube cylinder) and enters the melting cavity; each throat material passing hole penetrates through the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the feeding throat pipe column and is communicated with a material melting cavity of the material melting turntable; a nozzle is processed at the end of the melt cavity (the nozzle is integrally processed or can be detachably installed); the material channel formed by each channel of nozzle, material cavity and pipe material passing hole is isolated from other channels of material and is not communicated with each other; the material pipe locking nozzle locks the feeding pipe 1, the feeding pipe 2, the feeding pipe 3, the feeding pipe 4 and the feeding pipe 5 and is connected with the remote feeding mechanism through the feeding pipe; the color changing motor rotating shaft driving gear 1 drives the gear 2 fixed on the feeding throat pipe column body to rotate around the axis through a synchronous belt, or: the gear direct drive, through the diameter direct drive that increases 2 gears, (2 transmission shaft direct gear drive), also be chain sprocket drive mode (2 transmission shafts drive sprocket, drive the chain and come the transmission).
The opening and closing of the channel of the nozzle and the melt cavity are directly communicated or additionally provided with a valve for controlling.
The number of the spouts of the melt turntable is 2-20, and the spouts are distributed on the same circumference; the direction of the nozzle (the axial direction of the hole near the nozzle) and the axial line form an acute angle of 1-50 degrees; the included angle between the axis of the feeding throat pipe cylinder and the Z axis is equal to the included angle between the direction of the nozzle and the axis of the feeding throat pipe cylinder, and is also an acute angle of 1-50 degrees. Also an acute angle of 1-50 degrees, thus; when the axis of rotation (axis) of the feed throat cylinder is rotated such that one of the jets is at the lowest position (closest to the printing platform) and the direction of the jet is parallel to the Z-axis and directed perpendicularly to the printing platform, the jet is used.
The heating rod heats the melting material turntable, the temperature sensor provides temperature values for the electronic system to control the electrifying and the power-off of the heating rod to control the temperature, and the cooling fan is used for reducing the temperature of the bearing seat and the support, so that the temperature of the feeding throat pipe column is limited, and the temperature of the material wires conveyed in the throat pipe is not too high.
Further: a method for strengthening the material stopping function comprises the following steps: install formula spout needle valve subassembly additional: a needle valve is arranged on a channel between a nozzle and a melt cavity or is kept straight, the on-off control of the needle valve is realized by pushing an ejector pin restrained by a guide body by a spring to block the nozzle channel (normally in a normally blocked state), a rotating shaft of a cylinder of a feeding throat pipe is rotated, a contact disc of the ejector pin at the lowest position touches a fixedly arranged ejector pin clamping piece, the ejector pin is forcibly pulled out by the contact of the ejector pin clamping piece by displacement of 0.5-3.0 mm, and the tip end of the ejector pin is pulled out of the material passing channel to be smooth; the rotating shaft of the feeding throat pipe cylinder is continuously rotated to enable the ejector pin to be separated from the lowest position, the contact disc of the ejector pin stops contacting the ejector pin clamping piece, the ejector pin is enabled to return by the spring, the channel is blocked, the direction of pushing the ejector pin by the ejector pin clamping piece depends on which direction the material passing channel is sealed, the spherical or conical thinner part of the front part of the ejector pin faces to the axis, or faces to the outside from the axis, and the displacement directions required by sealing are opposite; or (normally in a normally open state): the spring (reversely) pushes back the ejector pin restrained by the guide body to smooth the nozzle channel in a normal state, the fixedly installed ejector pin clamping piece is a circular ring with an opening at the lowest position, the plane of the circular ring with the opening is vertical to the axis, and when the feeding throat pipe cylinder rotates, the contact disc of the ejector pin touches the inner ring surface of the ejector pin clamping piece at the position except the opening to push the ejector pin to block the channel. Of course, the material can be directly pumped back to stop the material without using the needle valve structure, but a small amount of material can continuously flow out due to the inertia of the pressure, and the effect is not ideal.
Further: another method for strengthening the material stopping function comprises the following steps: lifting the ejector pin type assembly of the throat pipe: the structure is characterized in that: a pipe-shaped object with a tip end consisting of a material pipe locking nozzle, a metal throat pipe, a front-end thimble and a side-wall material through hole; the assembly is inserted into a heat balance hole, the upper pipe wall of the hole is a low-temperature heat sink, and the bottom of the hole is a high-temperature heating body, so that a high-temperature melting cavity is formed at the front end thimble and the side wall through hole of the lifting throat thimble assembly; the tip of the front end thimble and the center of the nozzle of the spray head are just positioned on the same axis; therefore, under a little pressure, the tip of the thimble is contacted with the center of the nozzle of the spray head to achieve the effect of sealing and stopping the material; therefore, the purpose of opening and closing the material outflow can be achieved by changing the relative displacement of the throat ejector pin type component and the heat balance hole.
Further: the rotation angle of the feeding throat pipe cylinder can be limited to be less than 360 degrees by the rotating shaft limiting block, and the position control can be carried out by using an absolute coding motor without using a mechanical mode.
Further: the multi-nozzle extrusion device of the invention needs to be matched with a feeding structure: more commonly, a remote feed mechanism or a short range feed mechanism: the feeding mechanism comprises a driving motor, a pushing gear fixedly arranged on a motor shaft, a pressing idler wheel pressing spring, a wrench for moving the pressing idler wheel away, a motor bracket, a locking nozzle (similar to a gas pipe locking nozzle) for locking a feeding pipe and the like; under the compression spring pushes the compression idler wheel, the motor drives the gear to push the material wire clamped in the motor, the material wire is pushed into the feeding pipe, the principle is very simple, and the feeding pipe is omitted only in the near-remote difference.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the color changing is rapid, color mixing among multiple spray heads is avoided, and the alignment of the switching spray heads is accurate.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a remote feeding structure of a common FDM-3D printer.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion apparatus.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the core of the extrusion device.
Fig. 4 is an overall cross-sectional view of the extrusion apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a valve type material stopping method for a throat tube and a pulling needle.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 5, further illustrating the assembled relationship of FIG. 5, with the upper section being: the seal ring (80), the ejected melt (76), the axis (37), the push pin clamp (74) and the front end thimble tip (79) are described in detail.
The attached drawings are marked as follows:
in the figure: 1. a melt rotating disk, 2 spout nozzles, 3 bearing seats and supports, 4 bearings, 5 melt cavities, 7 feeding throat cylinders, 8 throat discharge holes, 9 material pipe locking nozzles, 10 heat insulation components, 12 synchronous belts, 14 gears 1, 18 gears 2,19 springs, 20 thimble, 21 guide bodies, 27 material wires, 31 color changing motors, 32 push pin clamping pieces, 33 contact plates, 34 fastening screws, 37 axes, 39 radiating fans, 40 heating rods, 42 feeding pipes, 43 sealing rings, 44 bearing retainer rings, 50 remote feeding mechanisms, 51 material wires, 52 extrusion nozzles, 53 spout nozzles, 54 printing platforms, 55 feeding pipes, 56 bearing platforms, 60 front end thimble, 61 side wall feed holes, 62 melt cavities, 63 heat insulation connectors, 64 metal throat pipes, 65 iron fluorine pipes, 66. a material pipe locking nozzle 67, a lifting spanner 68, a material wire 69, a nozzle 70, a heat insulation piece 71, a fixing screw 72, an elastic sheet 73, a material passing hole 73, a push pin clamping piece 74, a sprayed material 76, a push pin tip 79, a sealing ring 80
[ example of embodiment ]
The invention is further described in the following preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
as shown in fig. 1:
in the basic framework of the common FDM-3D printer, an extruder is supported by a support rail with X \ Y horizontal displacement, and does plane motion along a horizontal plane under the independent drive of an X-axis motor and a Y-axis motor, and a printing platform (54) does vertical reciprocating motion in the vertical direction under the drive of a Z-axis motor.
The remote feeding mechanism (50) pushes the material wire (51) to enter a feeding pipe (55) for transmission, enter an extrusion nozzle (52) arranged on a bearing platform (56), go deep into a heated melting cavity, and then be ejected out through a nozzle (53) of the nozzle.
When the multi-nozzle extrusion device replaces the bearing platform (56) to extrude the nozzles (52), the FDM-3D printer with the swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device is formed.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, and 4:
the basic structure of the swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device is as follows: the bearing seat and support (3) is communicated with a shell structure part of the 3D machine and keeps static, and a shaft hole of the bearing seat and support (3) is directly connected with a feeding throat pipe cylinder (7) or is connected with the feeding throat pipe cylinder (7) through a bearing (4), so that the feeding throat pipe cylinder (7) can freely rotate around the axis (37) of the feeding throat pipe cylinder inside the shaft hole of the bearing seat and support; printed material filaments (27) pass through a plurality of throat material passing holes (8) which are processed on a feeding throat cylinder (7) and are in the axial direction to enter a melting material cavity (5), a melting material rotary table (usually made of metal) and the feeding throat cylinder (usually made of metal, a heat insulation component (10) can be clamped between the melting material rotary table and the feeding throat cylinder (usually made of metal, and the feeding throat cylinder can be lined with Teflon inside), and the three are fastened through fastening screw holes (34); each throat material passing hole penetrates through the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the feeding throat pipe column (7) and is communicated with a material melting cavity of the material melting turntable (1); the end of the melting cavity (5) is provided with a nozzle (2), and a material channel consisting of each nozzle, the melting cavity and the throat material passing hole (8) is in an isolated state with other material channels; the tube locking nozzle (9) is used for locking a plurality of feeding tubes (42), the rotating shaft of the color changing motor (31) drives a coaxial gear 1(14) to drive a gear 2(18) fixed on the feeding throat tube cylinder (7) to rotate around an axis (37) through a synchronous belt (12), or: the diameter of 2 gears is enlarged for direct transmission, or the transmission mode is a chain and chain wheel transmission mode; the number of the spouts of the melt rotating disc (1) is 2-20, and the spouts are distributed on the same circumference; the direction of the nozzle and the axis form an acute angle of 1-50 degrees; the included angle between the axis (37) of the feeding throat pipe cylinder (7) and the Z axis is equal to the included angle between the direction of the nozzle and the axis of the feeding throat pipe cylinder (7), and is also an acute angle of 1-50 degrees, and the bearing retainer ring is arranged at (44).
The heat dissipation electric fan (39) is used for dissipating heat and avoiding overhigh temperature of the feeding throat pipe column (7), the heating rod (40) is used for heating the melting material rotary table, and a temperature sensor is inserted on the rotary table and used for feeding back the temperature of the rotary table to the electronic system so as to stabilize the temperature.
From the explosion diagram of the core part of the extrusion device it can be seen that: a needle valve is arranged on a channel between the nozzle (2) and the melt cavity (5) or is kept straight, the on-off control of the needle valve is realized by pushing an ejector pin (20) restrained by a guide body (21) by a spring (19) to block the nozzle channel, the rotating shaft of the cylinder of the feeding throat pipe is rotated, a contact disc (33) of the ejector pin (20) at the lowest position touches a fixedly arranged ejector pin clamping piece (32), the ejector pin (20) is forcibly pulled out by the touch of the ejector pin clamping piece (32) for 0.5-3.0 mm of displacement, and the tip end of the ejector pin (20) is pulled out of the feed channel to be unblocked; the rotating shaft of the feeding throat pipe cylinder is continuously rotated, so that the ejector pin (20) is separated from the lowest position, the contact disc (33) of the ejector pin (20) stops contacting with the ejector pin clamping piece (32), and the spring (19) pushes the annular bulge of the ejector pin (20) by relying on the guide body (21) in rigid connection, so that the ejector pin (20) returns (towards the axis direction) to block the channel; or the opposite spring force direction: under the normal state, the spring (19) pushes back the restricted thimble (20) to clear a spout channel, the fixedly installed thimble clamping piece (32) is a circular ring with an opening at the lowest position, the plane of the circular ring with the opening is vertical to the axis, when the feeding throat pipe column rotates, the contact disc (33) of the thimble (20) touches the inner annular surface of the thimble clamping piece (32) at the position except the opening to push the thimble (20) to block the channel, and a sealing ring (43) can be used for avoiding material discharge.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6:
the throat ejector pin component comprises a material pipe locking nozzle (66), a metal throat (64) and a front end ejector pin (60), wherein a heat insulation connecting piece (63) can be lined between the metal throat (64) and the front end ejector pin (60), a side wall through hole (61) is formed in the side wall of the throat ejector pin component, a Teflon casing pipe (65) can be lined in the throat ejector pin component due to the lubricating requirement, so that a tubular object with a sharp front end is formed, and a lifting wrench (67) is a force application point for pushing the throat ejector pin component to move; when in use, the throat ejector pin type component is inserted into the material passing hole (73), the material passing hole (73) is equivalent to the hole distribution and characteristics of an upper feeding throat cylinder in figure 2, the upper pipe wall of the hole is a low-temperature heat sink, and the bottom of the hole is a high-temperature heating body, so that a high-temperature material melting cavity (62) is formed at the front end part of the lifting throat ejector pin type component; the center of the front end thimble tip (79) and the center of the nozzle orifice (69) are just positioned on the same axis; therefore, under the action of a little pressure of the elastic sheet (72) fixed by the fixing screw (71), the tip part (79) of the thimble is contacted with the center of the nozzle (69) of the spray head, so that the effect of sealing and stopping the material can be achieved; therefore, the purpose of opening and closing the material outflow can be achieved by changing the relative displacement of the throat ejector pin type component and the material passing hole (73), the heat insulation piece (70) of the material passing hole is equivalent to a heat insulation component in fig. 2, when the throat ejector pin type component is pulled to enable the ejector pin point (79) to generate a small distance with the nozzle (69), the remote feeding mechanism pushes the material wire (68) to form a melting material with pressure, and after the melting material passes through the side wall material passing hole (61), the nozzle generates ejection melting material (76), and what needs to be pointed out is that: when a plurality of material passing holes (73) are formed in corresponding positions on the feeding throat pipe cylinder and the position distribution is equivalent to that of the material passing holes in the figure 2, the purpose of material changing is achieved when the pulling spanner rotates around an axis (37) (other material passing holes are arranged in an axial symmetry direction with the axis (37), and thus all the pulling spanners are on the same circumference), the pushing needle clamping pieces (74) which are fixed on a bearing seat and a support which are similar to those in the figure 2 and are kept static with a machine shell can impact the pulling spanner (67) in turn, so that the throat pipe ejector pin type components are lifted in turn and are pushed back by a spring to move down to the right position after leaving, and the purpose of material discharging is achieved, (80) the sealing ring is used for avoiding material leakage.
Claims (4)
1. A swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device special for three-dimensional printing; the structure comprises a heating rod, a molten metal body, a temperature sensor, a bracket, a feeding throat pipe column and a nozzle, wherein a material wire is pushed by a feeding motor; after being pressed into a melting cavity of a melting metal body heated by a heating rod through a feeding throat pipe body to be melted, the melting metal body is sprayed out from a nozzle; the method is characterized in that: the bearing seat and support is communicated with a shell structure part of the 3D machine and keeps still, and a shaft hole of the bearing seat and support A is directly or through a bearing connected with a feeding throat pipe column body, so that the feeding throat pipe column body can freely rotate around the axis of the feeding throat pipe column body in the shaft hole of the bearing seat and support A; the material wire provided by the printing and feeding mechanism passes through a plurality of throat material passing holes in the axial direction processed on the feeding throat tube cylinder and enters the melting cavity; each throat material passing hole penetrates through the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface of the feeding throat pipe column body and is communicated with a material melting cavity of the material melting turntable; the end of the melting cavity is provided with a nozzle, and a material channel consisting of each nozzle, the melting cavity and the throat material passing hole is isolated from other material channels; the material pipe locking nozzle is used for locking the feeding pipe; the coaxial gear of trade look motor shaft drive drives the gear that fixes on the pay-off throat cylinder through synchronous belt and rotates round the axis, or: the diameter of 2 gears is enlarged for direct transmission, or the transmission mode is a chain and chain wheel transmission mode; the number of spouts of the melt rotating disc is 2-20, and the spouts are distributed on the same circumference; the direction of the nozzle and the axis form an acute angle of 1-50 degrees; the included angle between the axis of the feeding throat pipe cylinder and the Z axis is equal to the included angle between the direction of the nozzle and the axis of the feeding throat pipe cylinder and is also an acute angle of 1-50 degrees; the valve which is used for transversely cutting off the channel through a needle valve or axially cutting off the channel by using a throat ejector pin assembly controls the opening and closing of the channel.
2. The swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion apparatus for three-dimensional printing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the channel between the nozzle and the melt chamber is provided with a needle valve for laterally cutting off the channel, and the swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion apparatus comprises: the valve is characterized in that a needle valve is arranged on a channel between a nozzle and a melt cavity or is kept straight, the on-off control of the needle valve is realized by pushing an ejector pin restrained by a guide body by a spring to block the channel of the nozzle, a rotating shaft of a feeding throat pipe column body is rotated, a contact disc of the ejector pin at the lowest position touches a fixedly arranged ejector pin clamping piece, the ejector pin is forcibly pulled out by displacement of 0.5-3.0 mm by the touch of the ejector pin clamping piece, and the tip end of the ejector pin is pulled out of the material passing channel to be smooth; the rotating shaft of the feeding throat pipe cylinder is continuously rotated, so that the ejector pin is separated from the lowest position, the contact disc of the ejector pin stops contacting the ejector pin clamping piece, the ejector pin returns through the spring, and the channel is blocked; or the following steps: the spring pushes back the ejector pin restrained by the guide body to open the nozzle channel in a normal state, the fixedly installed ejector pin clamping piece is a circular ring with an opening at the lowest position, the plane of the circular ring with the opening is perpendicular to the axis, and when the feeding throat pipe cylinder rotates, the contact disc of the ejector pin touches the inner annular surface of the ejector pin clamping piece at the position except the opening to push the ejector pin to block the channel.
3. The swash plate rotary switching multi-nozzle extrusion apparatus for three-dimensional printing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the channel between the nozzle and the melt chamber is a valve which axially blocks the channel by using a throat ejector assembly, characterized in that: the valve is a tubular object with a tip end, which consists of a material pipe lock nozzle, a metal throat pipe and a front-end thimble with a side wall material through hole; the assembly is inserted into a material passing hole of a feeding throat pipe cylinder, the upper pipe wall of the hole is a low-temperature heat sink, and the bottom of the hole is a high-temperature heating body, so that a high-temperature material melting cavity is formed at the front end thimble and the side wall material passing hole of the lifting throat pipe thimble assembly; the tip of the front end thimble and the center of the nozzle of the spray head are just positioned on the same axis; therefore, under a little pressure, the tip of the thimble is contacted with the center of the nozzle of the spray head to achieve the effect of sealing and stopping the material; therefore, the aim of opening and closing the material outflow can be achieved by changing the relative displacement of the throat ejector pin type component relative to the material passing hole.
4. The feeding mechanism of the swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device special for three-dimensional printing according to claim 1 is a long-distance feeding mechanism or a short-distance feeding mechanism.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810881501 | 2018-08-05 | ||
| CN2018108815013 | 2018-08-05 |
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| CN111002579A true CN111002579A (en) | 2020-04-14 |
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| CN201910718705.XA Pending CN111002579A (en) | 2018-08-05 | 2019-08-05 | Swash plate rotary switching type multi-nozzle extrusion device special for three-dimensional printing |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112810144A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-05-18 | 芜湖市爱三迪电子科技有限公司 | 3D print head auto-change over device |
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