CN110997377A - Motorized axle and vehicle equipped with such an axle - Google Patents

Motorized axle and vehicle equipped with such an axle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110997377A
CN110997377A CN201880041047.9A CN201880041047A CN110997377A CN 110997377 A CN110997377 A CN 110997377A CN 201880041047 A CN201880041047 A CN 201880041047A CN 110997377 A CN110997377 A CN 110997377A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
axle
housing
engine
motorized
axle according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201880041047.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
让-卢克·安德烈
雅克·奥贝尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lohr Industrie SA
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Lohr Industrie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lohr Industrie SA filed Critical Lohr Industrie SA
Publication of CN110997377A publication Critical patent/CN110997377A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
    • B60B35/121—Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub
    • B60B35/122—Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub using gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
    • B60B35/14—Torque-transmitting axles composite or split, e.g. half- axles; Couplings between axle parts or sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
    • B60B35/16—Axle housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/02—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/06—Auxiliary drives from the transmission power take-off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • B60K17/165—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing provided between independent half axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K2025/005—Auxiliary drives driven by electric motors forming part of the propulsion unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/543—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a continuously variable transmission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/42—Drive Train control parameters related to electric machines
    • B60L2240/421—Speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/147—Trailers, e.g. full trailers or caravans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/10—Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/14—Trucks; Load vehicles, Busses
    • B60Y2200/148—Semi-trailers, articulated vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)
  • Motor Power Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a motorized axle (2) for a vehicle, comprising a housing (5), an axle part (6) and an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motor (9). On each side of the housing (5) there is incorporated a rotary transmission, the axle members (6) comprising a free end equipped with a hub (7) and the other end mounted on said housing (5), each axle member (6) comprising means for establishing a movement link between the respective hub (7) and the rotary transmission, an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motor (9) being mounted on the housing (5) and having an axis of rotation parallel to the axis of the axle (2), said motor (9) being connected to the rotary transmission by means of an at least partially disengageable movement link and at least one auxiliary device (10) of said vehicle drivable by said motor (9).

Description

Motorized axle and vehicle equipped with such an axle
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the general technical field of vehicles, such as standard or special trailers, semi-trailer type road vehicles (such as automobile carrier type road vehicles), or such as truck or passenger car type rail vehicles.
The invention also relates to the technical field of vehicles comprising an axle connected to an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor which drives the axle at least intermittently.
The present invention relates to a central axle mechanism, in particular for trailer axles, wherein the axles are connected to an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic engine for rotationally driving said axles and/or auxiliary devices of such road vehicles.
Background
It is known how to equip trailers or semi-trailers with electric motors which transmit torque to the axles, in particular during the acceleration phase of said vehicles.
Such axles connected to an electric motor generally have the drawbacks associated with a large mass and a large overall size, as well as the need to mount the motor on the chassis of the vehicle.
This arrangement requires significant adjustments to the chassis and the addition of a transmission between the engine and the axles.
Furthermore, standard engine axles are typically fitted with an epicyclic gearbox on the wheels, making them hardly compatible with all pneumatic tires.
These complex mechanical solutions usually comprise two speed reducers in the wheel and a bevel gear set at the input.
These arrangements make it difficult to incorporate these axles into existing road vehicles without significantly changing the chassis.
These solutions have significant rotating mass, causing a performance destructive loss in terms of engine efficiency. It is generally not possible to disengage the electric motor from the wheels, which can cause safety issues for hybrid applications using permanent magnet electric motors.
These axles are not typically designed to power auxiliary devices, such as pneumatic or hydraulic pumps required to operate certain vehicles, or such as alternators or compressors used for cooling.
A power system for a motor vehicle is also known from document WO2017/081377, in which a first and a second accessory are integrated into the housing of a gear engine system and are connected in series with each other via a mechanical transmission. The first and second accessories are disposed within the housing and are continuously driven. This design has a number of disadvantages, in particular the inability to access and the significant lack of flexibility when using and operating the first and second accessories.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a new motorized axle for road or rail vehicles.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a new motorized axle comprising an optimized central mechanism.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a new motorized axle which allows to guarantee the integrity of the electric motor in all operating configurations, with the use of a permanent magnet motor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a new motorized axle designed to be simply and reliably installed on a new or second-hand vehicle to replace an old axle.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a new motorized axle whose optimized centering mechanism reduces the overall dimensions and mass.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a new motorized axle whose central mechanism has a simplified transmission structure and in which the rotating mass is reduced.
The specified objects of the invention are achieved by means of a motorized axle for road or rail vehicles, comprising at least one electric, pneumatic or hydraulic engine comprising a rotating shaft, at least one power supply system for said engine, and at least one auxiliary device comprising at least one rotating member or driven by one rotating member accessible from outside the casing, said motorized axle being characterized in that it comprises a central mechanism comprising:
-a housing;
-two axle pieces positioned with respect to the housing, at least one of the two axle pieces comprising an axle connected to a wheel;
-a first mechanical interface provided on each side of the housing to attach the housing to one of the axle pieces;
-a second mechanical interface arranged to attach at least one engine to the housing;
-a further mechanical interface for attaching an auxiliary device to the housing;
-a rotary movement transmission device positioned in the housing and provided so as to be able to be connected to one or both shafts in order to transmit rotary movement and in particular to drive them in rotation;
a movement drive link arranged in the housing and provided to establish a movement link which is disengageable between the rotation shaft and the rotational movement transmission and the rotational member, the rotational movement transmission and the rotational member being drivable or not at the same time when said movement drive link is in the disengaged state.
According to an embodiment, the rotational movement transmission comprises a differential.
According to an embodiment, the rotating member is a power take-off.
According to an embodiment, the motion driving link comprises at least one engagement means.
According to an embodiment, the motion driving link comprises at least one dog clutch arranged on the rotational shaft.
According to a first advantageous embodiment, the kinematic drive link comprises two dog clutches arranged in series on the rotary shaft.
According to another advantageous embodiment, the kinematic drive link comprises three dog clutches arranged in series on the rotary shaft.
According to an embodiment of the motorized axle, a retarder is arranged in the housing between the rotational movement transmission and the engine and/or between the at least one auxiliary device and the engine.
According to an embodiment of the motorized axle, a further retarder is arranged in the housing between the engine and the auxiliary device.
According to an embodiment of the motorized axle, each axle piece is bolted to the housing.
According to an embodiment of the motorized axle, an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motor is advantageously added to the housing and attached to the housing.
According to an embodiment of the motorized axle, the axle piece has an axis parallel to the rotation axis of the engine.
According to an embodiment of the motorized axle, the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic engine is configured to operate reversibly so as to be able to recharge the power supply system.
The specified objects of the invention are also achieved by means of a road vehicle trailer equipped with at least one motorized axle as described previously.
The specified objects of the invention are also achieved by means of a road or rail vehicle equipped with at least one motorized axle as described previously.
The central mechanism according to the invention has the great advantage of being able to provide electric, hydraulic or pneumatic power, for example, to a trailer equipped with such an axle during an acceleration phase. Another advantage of the invention is that auxiliary devices (e.g. hydraulic or pneumatic devices) can be driven in rotation via electric, hydraulic or pneumatic devices mounted on the axle, and the vehicle equipped with the invention can be stationary or mobile.
Another advantage of the present invention is that it can be installed on all trailer or semi-trailer vehicles without major changes.
A further advantage of the invention is that it ensures safe operation, in particular by enabling the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor to be disengaged from the wheel. The engine will then no longer be rotationally driven by the wheels of the motorized axle. When the engine is a permanent magnet electric engine, it is difficult to shut off the generated flow in case of problems. As a result of this disengagement or decoupling, the motor is in motion neutral and no longer rotates, and therefore no longer generates current.
Another advantage is that the rotating mass can be reduced. Reducing the inertia then enables the drag to be reduced. Therefore, when the motor-generator generates an electric current and the battery is charged, the motor and the auxiliary device are isolated by being disengaged or separated, thereby reducing the resistance.
Another advantage of the invention is the ability to incorporate an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic power source (e.g. a hydraulically or pneumatically powered battery or accumulator) into the trailer or semi-trailer and to make it energy independent. For example, auxiliary devices driven by hydraulic or pneumatic motors mounted on the axle are operated. This is particularly advantageous for performing loading/unloading operations of, for example, a motor vehicle when the trailer or semi-trailer is no longer attached to its towing vehicle. The invention may also provide power to, for example, jacks of a trailer body or to drive rotating drums of a concrete mixer truck.
Another advantage of the present invention is the ability to drive a load such as a pump, alternator, retarder or any other similar device during coasting without creating a side-to-side imbalance; this is due to the differential and the desired reduction ratio. In these cases, the engine (e.g., electric motor) is disconnected or disengaged, and the corresponding load is driven only by the wheels.
Drawings
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly from the detailed description provided below, by way of non-limiting example, which is depicted with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
figure 1 is a schematic representation of a semi-trailer comprising an axle equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of an axle equipped with a centering mechanism according to the present invention;
fig. 3, 4 and 5 are representations of the movement of a first embodiment of the axle equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention, in different operating conditions;
fig. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are representations of the movement of a second embodiment of the axle equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention, in different operating conditions; and
fig. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are representations of the movement of the third embodiment of the axle equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention, in different operating conditions.
Detailed Description
In the following, structurally and operationally identical elements shown in the various figures are assigned a single numeric or alphanumeric reference.
In the following, the use of the terms "disengageable" or "in a disengaged state" should be understood in a broad sense, i.e. "no movement transmission means are provided". Thus, these terms may also refer to a dog clutch and not just an engagement device.
Fig. 1 shows a semi-trailer vehicle 1, which semi-trailer vehicle 1 is shown partly transparent to show an axle 2, which axle 2 is equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention connected to a standard axle 3 and a power system 4 incorporated into the lower part of the semi-trailer. Alternatively, the axle 2 equipped with the central mechanism according to the invention may also be equipped with a trailer, not shown in the drawings, or any other road or rail vehicle.
In practice, the vehicle 1 may be any type of road or rail vehicle. It is preferably a trailer or semi-trailer, such as a trailer or semi-trailer of a car carrier.
Fig. 2 shows an external perspective view of an embodiment of an axle 2 equipped with a center mechanism according to the present invention. The present embodiment comprises a central housing 5 comprising a rotational movement transmission 19. The rotary movement transmission 19 may be mechanical, for example comprising at least gears, tracks and/or chains. The rotary motion transmission 19 may be hydraulic, pneumatic or any other known type.
The axle 2 equipped with the center mechanism according to the present invention further includes two hollow axle members 6, the two hollow axle members 6 being connected to the housing 5 by one of their ends, for example, by bolting or welding. The other end of the axle member 6 includes a hub 7, and a wheel 8 is mounted on the hub 7. Embodiments of the wheel may take the form of a single wheel or two wheels. The axle member 6 may be integral with the housing 5.
The axle 2 equipped with the center mechanism according to the present invention further includes an electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic motor 9 that is mounted on the housing 5 and has a rotary shaft 9a parallel to the axis of the axle 2 equipped with the center mechanism according to the present invention. The engine 9 is capable of driving the wheels 8 and/or one or more auxiliary devices 10 of the vehicle 1. The auxiliary device 10 is for example a pneumatic or hydraulic system.
The rotating member 10a advantageously constitutes a rotation axis of the auxiliary device 10. According to another embodiment, the rotary shaft 10a constitutes a power take-off which is accessible from the outside of the housing 5 and which can be coupled to the auxiliary device 10.
The hydraulic system is, for example, a hydraulic pump 10' mounted on the housing 5, for example in the extension of an electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor 9. Each auxiliary device 10 preferably comprises at least one rotary member 10a, which at least one rotary member 10a is arranged, for example, to be driven in rotation by the engine 9 or by the rotation of the wheels 8.
Advantageously, the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor 9 can be operated reversibly, so as to be able to recharge the power system 4, for example during a braking phase.
The axle 2 equipped with the center mechanism according to the present invention includes at least one wheel 8 mounted on each axle member 6. Advantageously, axle 2 also comprises a braking system, a suspension system 11 and a damping system 12. These systems are known per se and are therefore not described further.
The power supply system 4 is rechargeable and embedded in the vehicle 1. The power supply system 4 is arranged to provide electrical, pneumatic or hydraulic power to the engine 9. The power supply system 4 advantageously comprises at least one electric or super-capacity battery-operated power source, or at least one hydraulic or pneumatic accumulator.
According to a first variant of the invention, the axle shaft pieces 6 attached to the housing 5 each comprise a shaft 6a, which shaft 6a establishes a kinematic link between the hub 7 and the rotary movement transmission 19 of the housing 5.
According to an embodiment, the attached axle member 6 and housing 5 may be made as a single piece, e.g., as one cast piece or several cast components welded together to join the axle member 6 and housing 5 without bolting.
Likewise, the housing 5 may be made in two parts, for example to enable the transmission element to be mounted.
The electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor 9 is connected to the rotational movement transmission 19 via a kinematic link which may be at least partially disengaged, the kinematic link comprising for example a disengagement or claw clutch device. It is important to provide a disengagement or dog clutch arrangement between the engine 9 and the differential in order to drive the load or stationary auxiliary device 10 without driving the wheels 8. In fact, the disengagement or dog clutch means may be provided in a plurality of positions.
A kinematic link is provided which can be at least partially disengaged so that the kinematic link between the motor 9 and the rotary movement transmission 19 and/or between said motor 9 and the rotary member 10a of the auxiliary device 10 can be activated and deactivated.
This enables the rotary shaft 9a of the engine 9 to be coupled or decoupled to the shaft 6a connected to the wheel 8, and enables the rotary shaft 9a of the engine 9 to be coupled or decoupled to the rotary member 10a of the at least one auxiliary device 10.
According to an embodiment, the rotational movement transmission 19 may have a plurality of reduction ratios, for example a gear box. Disengaging or claw clutch means and potentially synchronisation means are not necessarily required if the reduction ratio is to be changed at rest or without load.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the transmission and the differential are integrated into a rotational movement transmission 19.
Advantageously, the rotary movement transmission 19 comprises a speed reducer between the rotary shaft 9a of the engine 9 and the shaft 6a of the axle member 6. For example, the speed of the engine 9 may be adapted to the speed of the wheels 8 in one, two or three stages, depending on the specific characteristics of the engine 9. A speed reducer may also be provided between the shaft of the engine 9 and the rotary member 10a of the auxiliary device 10.
The kinematic linkage that can be at least partially disengaged between the rotary movement transmission 19 and the engine 9 advantageously comprises a disengagement or claw clutch device incorporated into the housing 5. This disengagement or claw clutch means enables the kinematic link between the engine 9 and the rotary movement transmission 19, and therefore the wheels 8, to be activated and deactivated. Advantageously, the disengaging or claw clutch means enable the moving link between the engine 9 and the auxiliary device 10 (for example the hydraulic pump 10') to be activated and deactivated.
According to an embodiment of the axle 2 equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention, each hub 7 may also contain a reducer for greater amplification.
The at least partially disengageable kinematic link of the axle 2 equipped with the central mechanism advantageously comprises at least one dog clutch. According to an embodiment, the dog clutch device is advantageously connected to a first reducer to establish a kinematic link between the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor 9 and the rotary movement transmission 19, and at the same time to a second reducer to establish a kinematic link between the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor 9 and the at least one auxiliary device 10. The pawls on the dog clutch may be actuated by any known actuator. These systems are known per se and are therefore not described further. The pawls may be replaced by an engagement or dog clutch system connected to the synchronization system.
The embodiment of the axle 2 equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention and illustrated by figures 3 to 14 has a rotational movement transmission 19, which rotational movement transmission 19 preferably comprises a differential 13 and a reduction gear 14, which is, for example, epicyclic.
Each axle member 6 includes a shaft 6a connecting the hub 7 to the differential 13. The drive link between the engine 9 and the differential 13 contains a reduction gear 14. The differential 13 and the reducer 14 are both elements that are structurally and functionally known and therefore not described further.
According to an embodiment, each hub 7 may comprise a further reducer separate from the reducer 14.
The kinematic link that can be at least partially disengaged from the central mechanism advantageously comprises a sliding dog clutch 15 at the engine output to activate and deactivate the kinematic link between a gear 16 kinematically connected to at least the wheel 8 and a dog 17, for example in the form of an auxiliary gear integrated into the rotary member 10a of the auxiliary device 10. This sliding dog clutch 15 is mounted on a slide rod and is rotationally driven on the rotary shaft 9a of the engine 9. The sliding dog clutch 15 also enables the moving link between the gear and the differential 13, and thus the wheels 8, to be activated and deactivated.
According to an embodiment, the dog clutch 15 may be replaced by a plurality of disc clutches or other clutches, for example.
Likewise, when the auxiliary device 10 is a hydraulic pump 10', the disconnection or disengagement of the auxiliary device 10, also called hydraulic attachment, can be replaced by a flow zeroing device or any other equivalent system.
Fig. 3, 4 and 5 are representations of movements corresponding to three different operating conditions of the embodiment of the axle 2 equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention. In this embodiment, the movement link, which can be at least partially disengaged, comprises a dog clutch 15 mounted on a sliding rod and kinematically connected to the rotary shaft 9a of the engine 9.
Thus, in the first operating condition shown in fig. 3, the slipping dog clutch 15 is placed in a first position, referred to as neutral, in which the slipping dog clutch 15 is not engaged with the gear wheel 16 or the dog 17. This first position corresponds to the neutral position of the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor 9. The latter then does not transmit any rotational movement to the differential 13 and to the rotating member 10a of the auxiliary device 10. The engine 9 is not kinematically connected to any other device of the invention.
In a second operating condition, shown in fig. 4, the slipping dog clutch 15 is placed in a second position, in which the slipping dog clutch 15 is engaged with the gear wheel 16. This second position corresponds to the driving position of the wheel 8. The engine 9 thus transmits mechanical torque to the wheels 8.
In a third operating condition, shown in fig. 5, the slipping dog clutch 15 is placed in a third position, in which the slipping dog clutch 15 is engaged with the pawls 17. The third position corresponds to the driving position of the rotating member 10a of the assist device 10. Depending on whether a reduction ratio is desired between the engine 9 and the rotating members of the auxiliary device 10, the rotating members 10a may be driven at the same speed as the shaft 9a according to the figures or on the reduction shaft 14.
Fig. 6, 7, 8 and 9 are representations of movements corresponding to four different operating conditions of another embodiment of the axle 2 equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention. In this embodiment, the at least partially disengageable kinematic link comprises two dog clutches 15a and 15b, the two dog clutches 15a and 15b being mounted on a sliding rod and kinematically connected to the rotary shaft 9a of the engine 9.
Thus, in the first operating condition shown in fig. 6, the slipping dog clutches 15a and 15b are placed in a first position, referred to as neutral, in which the slipping dog clutches 15a and 15b are not engaged with the gear 16 or the dog 17. This first position corresponds to the neutral position of the engine 9. The latter then does not transmit any rotational movement to the differential 13 and to the rotating member 10a of the auxiliary device 10. The engine 9 is not kinematically connected to any other device of the invention.
In the second operating condition shown in fig. 7, the slipping dog clutch 15a is placed in its position of engagement with the gear wheel 16. This second position corresponds to the driving position of the wheel 8. The engine 9 thus transmits mechanical torque to the wheels 8. The second dog clutch 15b is held in the neutral position, in which the second dog clutch 15b is not engaged with the pawls 17.
In the third operating condition shown in fig. 8, the second slipping dog clutch 15b is placed in its position of engagement with the dog 17. This position corresponds to the driving position of the rotary member 10a of the assist device 10. The first dog clutch 15a is held in a neutral position, in which the first dog clutch 15a is not engaged with the gear 16. The engine 9 then does not transmit mechanical torque to the wheels 8.
In the fourth operating condition shown in fig. 9, the dog clutch 15a is placed in a position where it is engaged with the gear 16, and the second dog clutch 15b is placed in a position where it is engaged with the dog 17. This fourth position corresponds to the driving wheel 8 and the rotating member 10a of the auxiliary device 10. The engine 9 thus transmits mechanical torque to the wheels 8 and simultaneously drives the auxiliary devices (10).
Fig. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 are representations of movements corresponding to a further embodiment of an axle 2 equipped with a central mechanism according to the invention, in five different operating conditions. In this embodiment, the at least partially disengageable kinematic link comprises three dog clutches 15a, 15b and 15c mounted on a sliding rod and driven in rotation on the same shaft.
In this embodiment, the rotary shaft 9a of the electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor 9 is kinematically connected to the pawl 18.
The gear 16 and the pawl 17 are configured in a similar manner to the previous version shown in figures 3 to 9.
Thus, in the first operating condition shown in fig. 10, the slipping dog clutches 15a, 15b and 15c are placed in a first position, referred to as neutral, in which the slipping dog clutches 15a, 15b and 15c are not engaged with the gear 16, or the dog 17, or the dog 18. This first position corresponds to the engine isolated position 9. The latter then does not transmit any rotational movement to the differential 13 and to the rotating member 10a of the auxiliary device 10. The engine 9 is not kinematically connected to any other device of the invention.
In the second operating condition shown in fig. 11, the dog clutches 15a and 15c are placed in positions where they engage with the gear 16 and the dog 18 integrated into the rotary shaft 9a at the output end of the engine 9, respectively. These positions correspond to the drive wheels 8. The engine 9 thus transmits mechanical torque to the wheels 8. The second dog clutch 15b is held in the neutral position, in which the second dog clutch 15b is not engaged with the pawls 17. The rotating member of the auxiliary device 10 is therefore not driven.
In the third operating condition shown in fig. 12, the dog clutches 15b and 15c are placed in positions where they are engaged with the gear 17 and the dog 18 integrated into the rotary shaft 9a at the output end of the engine 9, respectively. These positions correspond to the rotary member 10a of the drive assist device 10. The first dog clutch 15a is in a neutral position, wherein the first dog clutch 15a is not engaged with the gear 16. No mechanical torque is transmitted to the wheels 8.
Therefore, in the fourth operating condition shown in fig. 13, the dog clutches 15a, 15b, and 15c are placed in positions where they are engaged with the gear 16, the pawls 17, and the pawls 18, respectively. These positions correspond to the drive wheel 8 and the rotary member 10a of the auxiliary device 10. The engine 9 thus transmits mechanical torque to the wheels 8 and simultaneously to the driver of the auxiliary device 10.
In the fifth operating condition shown in fig. 14, the dog clutches 15a and 15b are placed in positions where they are engaged with the gear 16 and the dog 17, respectively. The third dog clutch 15c is placed in a neutral position, in which the third dog clutch 15c is not engaged with the dog 18. These positions correspond to isolated positions of the engine 9. The latter then does not transmit any rotational movement to the differential 13 and to the rotating member 10a of the auxiliary device 10. The engine 9 is not kinematically connected to any other device of the invention. These positions correspond to driving the rotary member 10 via rotation of the wheel 8. This position allows the rotating member 10a of the auxiliary device 10 to be driven while rotating, which enables, for example, the air or oil capacity to be increased.
When the auxiliary device 10 is, for example, a hydraulic pump 10', it may power, for example, a car carrier lifting device.
The electric, hydraulic or pneumatic motor 9 may for example directly or indirectly actuate the power take-off. The power take-off can also be actuated by rotation of the wheels 8 when the engine 9 is in a disengaged state or has stopped. See, for example, the operating conditions shown in fig. 14.
By way of example, without the differential 13, it is conceivable to have only one shaft 6a kinematically connected to the rotary motion transmission 19 and to the reducer 14. In this case, the engine 9 no longer has a traction function, but only a generator function.
According to another embodiment example, without the differential 13, it is conceivable to use a single axle 6a connecting the two wheels 8 for a specific function. In this case, the speed reducer 14 is directly engaged with the shaft 6 a.
The rotational movement transmission 19 may or may not comprise a reducer for adapting the speed of the wheels 8 to the speed of the engine 9 and may or may not comprise auxiliary means with the previously described dog clutch function.
Likewise, one of the dog clutches 15, 15a, 15b, 15c may be arranged at another location on the kinematic chain, for example at the input of the differential 13 or at one of the gears of the reduction gear 14. Similarly, the rotating member 10a of the auxiliary device 10 may be arranged at another location on the kinematic chain, for example on one of the gears of the reducer 14.
It is clear that the invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above and shown in the various figures, but that many modifications and other embodiments can be conceived by those skilled in the art without departing from the framework and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Consequently, the technical features described may be replaced by equivalent technical features without departing from the scope defined by the claims.

Claims (15)

1. Motorized axle for a road or rail vehicle (1), said road or rail vehicle (1) comprising at least one electric, pneumatic or hydraulic engine (9) having a rotary shaft (9a), at least one power supply system (4) for said engine (9), and at least one auxiliary device (10), said at least one auxiliary device (10) comprising at least one rotary member (10a) or being driven by a rotary member (10a) accessible from outside the housing (5), characterized in that it comprises a central mechanism comprising:
-a housing (5);
-two axle pieces (6), said two axle pieces (6) being positioned with respect to said housing (5), at least one of said two axle pieces (6) comprising an axle (6a) connected to a wheel (8);
-a first mechanical interface provided on each side of the housing (5) to attach the housing (5) to one of the axle pieces (6);
-a second mechanical interface arranged to attach at least one engine (9) to the housing (5);
-a further mechanical interface for attaching the auxiliary device (10) to the housing (5);
-a rotational movement transmission (19) positioned in the housing (5) and arranged so as to be able to be connected to one shaft (6a) or to both shafts (6a) so as to transmit a rotational movement;
-a movement drive link arranged in the housing (5) and provided to establish a movement link disengageable between the rotation axis (9a) and the rotary movement transmission (19) and the rotary member (10a), the rotary movement transmission (19) and the rotary member (10a) being drivable simultaneously or not being drivable simultaneously when the movement drive link is in the disengaged state.
2. Motorized axle according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary movement transmission (19) comprises a differential (13).
3. Motorized axle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotating member (10a) is a power take-off.
4. The motorized axle of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the motion-drive link includes at least one engagement device.
5. Motorized axle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said kinematic driving link comprises at least one dog clutch (15, 15a, 15b, 15c) arranged on said rotating shaft (9 a).
6. Motorized axle according to claim 5, characterized in that said kinematic driving link comprises two dog clutches (15a, 15b) arranged in series on said rotating shaft (9 a).
7. Motorized axle according to claim 5, characterized in that said kinematic driving link comprises three dog clutches (15a, 15b, 15c) arranged in series on said rotating shaft (9 a).
8. Motorized axle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a reducer (14) is arranged in the casing (5) between the rotary movement transmission (19) and the engine (9) and/or between at least one of the auxiliary devices (10) and the engine (9).
9. Motorized axle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an additional speed reducer is arranged in the casing (5) between the engine (9) and the auxiliary device (10).
10. The motorized axle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each axle piece (6) is bolted to the housing (5).
11. The motorized axle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motor (9) is added to the housing (5) and is attached to the housing (5).
12. The motorized axle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the shaft (6a) of the axle piece (6) is parallel to the rotation shaft (9a) of the engine (9).
13. The motorized axle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electric, pneumatic or hydraulic motor (9) is configured to operate reversibly in order to recharge the power supply system (4).
14. A road vehicle trailer equipped with at least one motorized axle according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. Road or rail vehicle (1), the road or rail vehicle (1) being equipped with at least one motorized axle according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
CN201880041047.9A 2017-06-23 2018-06-25 Motorized axle and vehicle equipped with such an axle Pending CN110997377A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1755805A FR3067972B1 (en) 2017-06-23 2017-06-23 CENTRAL MECHANICS FOR MOTORIZED VEHICLE AXLE
FR1755805 2017-06-23
PCT/EP2018/066993 WO2018234587A1 (en) 2017-06-23 2018-06-25 Motorised axle and vehicle equipped with such an axle

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US (1) US20200086685A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3642065A1 (en)
CN (1) CN110997377A (en)
AU (1) AU2018287084A1 (en)
CA (1) CA3064516A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3067972B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2018234587A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201907866B (en)

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US20200086685A1 (en) 2020-03-19
WO2018234587A1 (en) 2018-12-27
CA3064516A1 (en) 2018-12-27
EP3642065A1 (en) 2020-04-29
FR3067972A1 (en) 2018-12-28
FR3067972B1 (en) 2020-01-03
ZA201907866B (en) 2020-09-30
AU2018287084A1 (en) 2019-12-12

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