CN110987643A - Rigid true triaxial loading device based on double-sliding-block technology - Google Patents
Rigid true triaxial loading device based on double-sliding-block technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN110987643A CN110987643A CN201911380888.5A CN201911380888A CN110987643A CN 110987643 A CN110987643 A CN 110987643A CN 201911380888 A CN201911380888 A CN 201911380888A CN 110987643 A CN110987643 A CN 110987643A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
Abstract
The invention provides a rigid true triaxial loading device based on a double-sliding-block technology, which comprises sliding loading plates, wherein the six-direction slidable rigid loading plates are mutually overlapped to form a rectangular closed central accommodating space; the loading pistons respectively act on the sliding loading plates in six directions and are used for applying loads to the sliding loading plates; the sliding device is arranged between the loading piston and the rigid sliding loading plate to realize the sliding connection of the loading piston and the rigid sliding loading plate; the sliding device comprises a first sliding component and a second sliding component, wherein the sliding directions of the first sliding component and the second sliding component are mutually vertical; the first sliding component and the second sliding component comprise sliding blocks, sliding guide grooves and sliding bearings; under the combined action of the first sliding component and the second sliding component, each rigid sliding loading plate can slide freely in a plane. The invention adopts the double-sliding-block technology to realize sliding, so that the rigid sliding loading plate can slide relative to each other in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction under the action of load, and the force is ensured to be always acted on the central position of the sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a loading device for a rock-soil mechanical test, which is used for applying load when testing the rock-soil mechanical property, in particular to a rigid true triaxial loading device based on a double-sliding-block technology.
Background
The design and experimental research of the true triaxial apparatus have important significance in load application during testing of the mechanical property of the rock and soil, and a plurality of students use the true triaxial apparatus to test and research the influence of the second principal stress on the stress-strain-strength characteristic of the rock and soil material; the stress-strain intensity characteristic of rock soil is generally measured by adopting a true triaxial system. The loading device of the true triaxial test can be divided into a rigid loading mode, a flexible loading mode and a rigid-flexible combined loading mode.
In a traditional true triaxial test system with pure rigid loading, in order to avoid collision of six rigid loading plates perpendicular to each other in a loading process, a certain gap is reserved between every two loading plates, but due to the existence of the gap, stress concentration occurs at the edge of a rock-soil sample, and the occurrence of a soil squeezing phenomenon is also accompanied, so that the test result is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a rigid true triaxial loading device based on a double-sliding-block technology.
The invention provides a rigid true triaxial loading device based on a double-sliding-block technology, which comprises:
the six rigid sliding loading plates are vertically overlapped in six directions to form a closed central accommodating space with a rectangular cross section and used for accommodating rock and soil samples;
the six loading pistons respectively act on the middle positions of the six rigid sliding loading plates and are used for applying loads to the rigid sliding loading plates;
six groups of sliding devices are respectively arranged between the loading piston and the rigid sliding loading plate to realize the sliding connection between the loading piston and the rigid sliding loading plate, so that each rigid sliding loading plate can slide relatively to each other along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction under the action of the loading piston;
each set of sliding devices comprises a first sliding component, a second sliding component and a connecting column, wherein the connecting column is arranged between the first sliding component and the second sliding component and used for connecting the first sliding component and the second sliding component, and the sliding directions of the first sliding component and the second sliding component are perpendicular to each other;
the first sliding component and the second sliding component comprise sliding blocks, sliding guide grooves and sliding bearings, the sliding guide groove of the first sliding component is fixedly connected with the loading piston, the sliding block of the second sliding component is fixedly connected with the rigid sliding loading plate, one end of the connecting column is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the first sliding component, the other end of the connecting column is fixedly connected with the sliding guide groove of the second sliding component, the sliding connection between the loading piston and the rigid sliding loading plate is realized, and each rigid sliding loading plate can freely slide in one plane under the combined action of the first sliding component and the second sliding component.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the stress sensor is used for sensing the magnitude of the load applied by the loading device;
and the displacement sensor is used for sensing the strain of the rock-soil sample under the action of the load.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the six connecting pieces are respectively fixedly connected to the middle positions of the six rigid sliding loading plates and used for transferring load to the rigid sliding loading plates, and the rigid sliding loading plates and the connecting pieces form a composite loading system;
the connecting piece with the sliding block rigid coupling of second sliding part, the sliding block of second sliding part with the slip guide slot passes through slide bearing is connected, realizes loading piston with sliding connection between the connecting piece.
Preferably, the sliding block is a rectangular block, the sliding bearing is arranged on the sliding block, the sliding bearing penetrates through the middle of the sliding block, and the sliding block can freely slide along the sliding bearing in the sliding guide groove.
Preferably, the first sliding member and the second sliding member each include two of the sliding bearings; the two sliding bearings are respectively arranged on the sliding block in parallel, and the two sliding bearings respectively penetrate through the middle of the sliding block, so that the sliding block can freely slide along the sliding bearings in the sliding guide groove.
Preferably, the loading piston is drivable by means of a motor system.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
in the device, six rigid sliding loading plates are tightly overlapped to form a rectangular closed accommodating space, so that the occurrence of edge stress concentration and soil squeezing is avoided. The load is transmitted to the rigid loading plate through the loading piston, the loading plate slides through the two sliding devices between the loading piston and the loading plate, so that the loading plate can slide relative to the loading piston in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction under the action of the load, and the force is ensured to act on the central position of the rock soil sample all the time. Compared with a single-sliding-block sliding system, the double-sliding-block sliding system adopted by the invention has the advantages that the rigid sliding loading plate in the single-sliding-block sliding system can only slide in one direction, and the rigid sliding loading plate in the double-sliding-block sliding system can slide in two directions, so that the sliding in one plane is realized.
Furthermore, compared with a rigid-flexible composite true triaxial loading mode, the device applies load through a rigid loading plate controlled by a motor, compared with a confining pressure direction through an air pressure loading mode, the experimental process is more convenient to control through an external program, and the automation degree is improved; and the load is applied by the motor, the accuracy and the changeability of the loading process are improved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1a is a front view of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1b is a cross-sectional view of a loading device rotated 90 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1c is a cross-sectional view of a loading device rotated 180 degrees according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a front view of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a side view of a portion of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2c is a top view of a partial structure of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a front view of a set of slides according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3b is a side view of a set of slides according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3c is a bottom view of a set of slides according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the overlapping of rigid sliding load plates according to one embodiment of the present invention;
the scores in the figure are indicated as: geotechnical sample 10, test chamber 20, loading device 30, rigid sliding loading plate 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, connecting piece 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, first sliding part 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, connecting column 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, second sliding part 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330, loading piston 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1a, 1b and 1c, which are schematic structural views of a rigid true triaxial loading apparatus based on a dual sliding block technology according to the present invention, the loading apparatus 30 is disposed inside a test chamber 20, and the test chamber 20 is a closed chamber filled with water.
Referring to fig. 4, the loading device 30 includes: the six rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 and 306 are overlapped in six directions to form a closed central accommodating space with a rectangular cross section, and are used for accommodating the rock soil sample 10. The rock soil sample 10 is sealed and packaged in the rubber film to form a cube, and the rock soil sample 10 clamped by the loading device 30 is positioned in the central accommodating space. The rigid sliding load plates 302 and 304 of the six rigid sliding load plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 and 306 are vertical plates for applying vertical loads to the geotechnical specimen 10, and the rigid sliding load plates 301, 303, 305 and 306 are horizontal plates for applying horizontal loads to the geotechnical specimen 10.
As shown in fig. 1a, 1b and 1c, the loading device 30 further includes six loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336 acting on the middle positions of six rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, respectively, and six sets of sliding devices connecting between the rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 and the loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336 for applying a load to the sliding loading plates. The six loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336 may be driven by a motor system. The six sliding load plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 are overlapped in such a manner that they can slide each other in horizontal and vertical directions by the load pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, so that the enclosed central receiving space is reduced as the soil specimen 10 is strained by the load, thereby ensuring that the load is always applied to the soil specimen 10.
In order to ensure that the loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336 still act on the center position of the geotechnical specimen 10 after the sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 slide, thereby ensuring uniform stress of the geotechnical specimen 10, the loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336 are slidably connected with the sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 through a set of sliding devices with two sliding directions perpendicular to each other. Therefore, after the rock soil sample 10 is strained and the rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 and 306 slide, the sliding block is slid to be positioned at the center of the deformed central accommodating space, so that the load can be applied to the center of the rock soil sample 10 (not shown), and uniform distribution of the interior of the rock soil is ensured.
Each set of sliding means comprises a first sliding member 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, a second sliding member 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330 and a connecting post 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, wherein the sliding directions of the first sliding member 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318 and the second sliding member 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330 are perpendicular to each other. Connecting posts 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324 are provided between the first 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318 and second 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330 slide members for connecting the first 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318 and second 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330 slide members.
Referring to fig. 3a, 3b and 3c, the first sliding members 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318 and the second sliding members 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330 respectively include sliding blocks, sliding guide grooves and sliding bearings. One end of each connecting column 319, 320, 321, 322, 323 and 324 is respectively fixed on the sliding block of the first sliding component 313, 314, 315, 316, 317 and 318, and the other end is fixed on the sliding guide groove of the second sliding component 325, 326, 327, 328, 329 and 330, thereby realizing the connection between the first sliding component 313, 314, 315, 316, 317 and 318 and the second sliding component 325, 326, 327, 328, 329 and 330.
As shown in fig. 1a, 1b and 1c and fig. 2a, 2b and 2c, the loading device 30 includes six first sliding members 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, six second sliding members 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330 and six rigid connecting columns 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324. The sliding guide grooves of the first sliding members 313, 314, 315, 316, 317 and 318 of the sliding device are respectively fixed with the loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335 and 336, and the sliding blocks of the second sliding members 325, 326, 327, 328, 329 and 330 are respectively fixed with the rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 and 306. The sliding guide grooves of the first sliding members 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318 and the second sliding members 325, 326, 327, 328, 329 and 330 are slidably connected with the sliding blocks through sliding bearings, so that the sliding connection between the loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335 and 336 and the rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 and 306 is realized, and each rigid sliding loading plate 301, 302, 303, 304, 305 and 306 can freely slide in a plane under the combined action of the first sliding members 313, 314, 315, 316, 317 and 318 and the second sliding members 325, 326, 327, 328, 329 and 330.
Referring to fig. 3a, 3b and 3c, each sliding block slides in the sliding guide groove along a sliding bearing, which defines that the rigid sliding load plate 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 can slide only in one direction, and that a right angle is maintained between the rigid sliding load plate 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 and the load piston 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, while a right angle is maintained between the adjacent two rigid sliding load plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, and also a friction force between the rigid sliding load plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 is reduced.
In the loading device 30 of the above embodiment, two sets of sliding devices perpendicular to each other are respectively fixedly connected to the sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 and slidably connected to the loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336, so that after the rock-soil sample 10 is strained and the sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 slide, the sliding block is slid to be located at the center of the deformed central accommodating space, so that a load can be applied to the center of the rock-soil sample 10, and uniform distribution of internal stress of the rock-soil sample 10 is ensured, and the rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 in six directions are closely overlapped to each other to form a closed central accommodating space, thereby avoiding the problems of concentration of edge stress of the soil sample and soil squeezing in the conventional true triaxial rigidity test. In addition, the loading device 30 adopts a dual-sliding block sliding system with mutually perpendicular sliding directions, and compared with a single-sliding block sliding system, a rigid sliding loading plate in the single-sliding block sliding system can only slide in one direction, and a rigid sliding loading plate in the dual-sliding block sliding system can slide in two directions, so as to slide in one plane. Further, compare with the true triaxial loading mode of rigid-flexible complex, can change the confining pressure direction into the rigid loading board loading through motor control by the atmospheric pressure loading, the experimentation is more convenient for control through external program, and degree of automation has obtained the improvement, and the accuracy of applying the load has also obtained the improvement with the variability of loading process.
In some other preferred embodiments, to determine the load applied by each loading piston 331, 332, 333, 334, 335, 336 to each rigid sliding loading plate 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, the loading device 30 further comprises a stress sensor for sensing the magnitude of the load applied by the loading device 30. Specifically, six stress sensors (not shown) are disposed outside the test chamber 20, four of which are located in the horizontal direction and two of which are located in the vertical direction.
In order to measure the strain of the geotechnical specimen 10 (not shown in the drawings) under the load, the loading device 30 further includes a displacement sensor for sensing the strain of the geotechnical specimen 10 under the load. In particular, two horizontal (i.e., top and bottom in fig. 1 a) loading pistons 332, 334 are each provided with a displacement sensor (not shown) for measuring displacement in the vertical direction. Four horizontal loading pistons 331, 333, 335, 336 are provided for applying a horizontal pressure, and a displacement sensor (not shown) is also provided for measuring a horizontal displacement. In practice, the signals from the stress and displacement sensors are transmitted to a computer connected to the test chamber 20 for subsequent analysis and calculation.
In other partially preferred embodiments, the loading unit 30 further comprises six connecting members 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, which are respectively fixed at the middle positions of the six rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 for transferring loads to the rigid sliding loading plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306. The rigid sliding load plates 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306 and the connecting members 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312 constitute a composite loading system.
Referring to fig. 2a, 2b and 2c, the connecting members 307, 308, 309, 310, 311 and 312 are fixed to the sliding blocks of the second sliding members 325, 326, 327, 328, 329 and 330, and the sliding blocks of the second sliding members 325, 326, 327, 328, 329 and 330 are connected to the sliding guide grooves by sliding bearings, so as to realize the sliding connection between the loading pistons 331, 332, 333, 334, 335 and 336 and the connecting members 307, 308, 309, 310, 311 and 312.
In some other preferred embodiments, the sliding blocks are rectangular blocks, and the sliding bearings are disposed on the sliding blocks, specifically, one sliding bearing is inserted through the middle of each sliding block, so that each sliding block can freely slide along the sliding bearing in the corresponding sliding guide groove.
In other partially preferred embodiments, the first slide member 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, the second slide member 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 330 each comprise two slide bearings; two slide bearings parallel arrangement respectively on the sliding block specifically are two slide bearings that are parallel to each other of rigid coupling in every sliding guide groove, make the sliding block slide in sliding guide groove along two slide bearings. Each sliding block is kept to slide on a plane, and the sliding blocks are prevented from overturning.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A rigidity true triaxial loading device based on double-sliding-block technology is characterized by comprising:
the six rigid sliding loading plates are vertically overlapped in six directions to form a closed central accommodating space with a rectangular cross section and used for accommodating rock and soil samples;
the six loading pistons respectively act on the middle positions of the six rigid sliding loading plates and are used for applying loads to the rigid sliding loading plates;
six groups of sliding devices are respectively arranged between the loading piston and the rigid sliding loading plate to realize the sliding connection between the loading piston and the rigid sliding loading plate, so that each rigid sliding loading plate can slide relatively to each other along the horizontal direction and the vertical direction under the action of the loading piston;
each set of sliding devices comprises a first sliding component, a second sliding component and a connecting column, wherein the connecting column is arranged between the first sliding component and the second sliding component and used for connecting the first sliding component and the second sliding component, and the sliding directions of the first sliding component and the second sliding component are perpendicular to each other;
the first sliding component and the second sliding component comprise sliding blocks, sliding guide grooves and sliding bearings, the sliding guide groove of the first sliding component is fixedly connected with the loading piston, the sliding block of the second sliding component is fixedly connected with the rigid sliding loading plate, one end of the connecting column is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the first sliding component, the other end of the connecting column is fixedly connected with the sliding guide groove of the second sliding component, the sliding connection between the loading piston and the rigid sliding loading plate is realized, and each rigid sliding loading plate can freely slide in one plane under the combined action of the first sliding component and the second sliding component.
2. The rigid true triaxial loading device based on the double sliding block technology as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
the stress sensor is used for sensing the magnitude of the load applied by the loading device;
and the displacement sensor is used for sensing the strain of the rock-soil sample under the action of the load.
3. The rigid true triaxial loading device based on the double sliding block technology as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the six connecting pieces are respectively fixedly connected to the middle positions of the six rigid sliding loading plates and used for transferring load to the rigid sliding loading plates, and the rigid sliding loading plates and the connecting pieces form a composite loading system;
the connecting piece with the sliding block rigid coupling of second sliding part, the sliding block of second sliding part with the slip guide slot passes through slide bearing is connected, realizes loading piston with sliding connection between the connecting piece.
4. A rigid true triaxial loading device based on the dual sliding block technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sliding block is a rectangular block, the sliding bearing is disposed on the sliding block, the sliding bearing penetrates through the middle of the sliding block, and the sliding block can freely slide along the sliding bearing in the sliding guide groove.
5. A rigid true triaxial loading device based on the double sliding block technology according to claim 4, wherein the first sliding member and the second sliding member respectively comprise two sliding bearings; the two sliding bearings are respectively arranged on the sliding block in parallel, and the two sliding bearings respectively penetrate through the middle of the sliding block, so that the sliding block can freely slide along the sliding bearings in the sliding guide groove.
6. A rigid true triaxial loading apparatus based on the dual sliding mass technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the loading piston is driven by a motor system.
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| CN201911380888.5A CN110987643A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Rigid true triaxial loading device based on double-sliding-block technology |
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| CN201911380888.5A CN110987643A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Rigid true triaxial loading device based on double-sliding-block technology |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112326437A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 长沙理工大学 | Triaxial test device and method for three-dimensional sliding type asphalt pavement material |
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2019
- 2019-12-27 CN CN201911380888.5A patent/CN110987643A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112326437A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-05 | 长沙理工大学 | Triaxial test device and method for three-dimensional sliding type asphalt pavement material |
| CN112326437B (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2024-02-13 | 长沙理工大学 | Triaxial sliding asphalt pavement material triaxial test device and method |
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