CN110986573A

CN110986573A - Muffle furnace and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110986573A
Application number: CN201911253951.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 聂轶苗; 刘攀攀; 王玲; 刘淑贤; 夏淼; 徐平安; 苏严; 贾蓝波; 熊雨婷
Original assignee: North China University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: North China University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-12-09
Filing date: 2019-12-09
Publication date: 2020-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-09
Also published as: CN110986573B

Abstract

The invention discloses a muffle furnace, which improves the working efficiency and the equipment utilization efficiency on one hand and realizes the one-time multi-batch calcination experiment by combining the design of a fan ring of a plurality of calcination areas with the design of double external heat-insulating layers and internal heat-insulating layers in each calcination area. And the heat loss is reduced on the other side, and the heat preservation effect and the calcination effect of the muffle furnace are improved. In addition, the intelligent control system is matched to utilize a 4G network remote control and a voice control system, the use safety of the equipment is improved, the data acquisition module and the main control module are combined, the remote intelligent control on the muffle furnace can be realized, meanwhile, the statistics and the analysis processing of a large amount of data are realized, and the service quality guarantee is provided for the use of the muffle furnace.

Description

Muffle furnace and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of experimental instruments, in particular to a muffle furnace and a using method thereof.

Background

The muffle furnace is a common calcining device and is widely applied to various industries. The traditional muffle furnace is of a box type structure, a refractory fiber heat insulation layer is arranged between an inner furnace lining and a furnace shell, heating rods are arranged in grooves of the inner furnace lining, a door of the muffle furnace is arranged on one side of a box body, and furnace door bricks corresponding to the size are arranged on the inner side of the door. Along with the continuous improvement and upgrade of the muffle furnace in various fields, the performance of the muffle furnace is also continuously improved, such as a rapid heating heat dissipation system, an overflow flushing device system and the like. However, in the traditional method, the traditional muffle furnace has poor tightness, so that the temperature distribution in a calcining cavity is uneven, the temperature difference in a hearth is large, the temperature difference between a place close to the inside of a calcining area and a gate reaches 50 degrees sometimes, and the quality of a calcined sample is greatly influenced. Simultaneously, traditional muffle furnace is a calcining cavity, can not calcine the sample of a plurality of different calcining conditions simultaneously, influences experiment or research progress, in addition, along with network technology's development, long-range intelligent control's application, if combine with the muffle furnace, not only can improve the work efficiency of muffle furnace, still can promote the factor of safety of equipment operation greatly, consequently need improve the muffle furnace.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of nonuniform temperature in a muffle furnace, low calcining efficiency and low intellectualization degree in the prior art, and provides the muffle furnace which comprises a shell and a plurality of calcining areas in the shell, wherein the temperature of each calcining area is respectively controlled, so that a plurality of substances can be calcined simultaneously, and the calcining efficiency is improved.

In another aspect of the invention, a muffle furnace is provided.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:

a muffle furnace comprises a shell, a rotating shaft and at least two vertical clapboards, wherein the rotating shaft is driven to rotate in the inner axis of the shell, the at least two vertical clapboards are fixed on the rotating shaft, an inner cavity of the shell is divided into at least two calcining areas by the clapboards, a shell door is arranged on the side wall of the shell, and the top end of the rotating shaft penetrates out of the shell to form a manual rotating part;

each calcining area comprises a fan-shaped top heat-insulating layer and a fan-shaped bottom heat-insulating layer which are respectively fixed on the rotating shaft, a first heat-insulating layer coated on the side wall of the rotating shaft and a second heat-insulating layer contacted with the inner side wall of the shell, the fan-shaped top heat-insulating layer, the fan-shaped bottom heat-insulating layer, the first heat-insulating layer, the second heat-insulating layer and the two clapboards are enclosed to form an internal cavity, the internal cavity is filled with the internal heat-insulating layers, the internal heat-insulating layers are of a hollow structure, the central cavity is a calcining cavity, heating wires are arranged on the inner wall of the calcining cavity, the internal heat-insulating layers are fixed and movable parts which are spliced;

each calcining cavity is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively communicated with the outside through an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe.

In the technical scheme, the rotating shaft is a hollow rotating shaft, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe which are connected with each calcining cavity are respectively converged in the hollow area of the rotating shaft and are communicated with the air inlet main pipe and the air outlet main pipe.

In the above technical scheme, the air inlet main pipe and the air outlet main pipe are connected with control valves, the air inlet main pipe is connected with combustible atmosphere, the air outlet main pipe is connected with ventilation equipment, and the combustible atmosphere comprises oxygen or air.

In the above technical solution, a contact surface of the fixed portion and the movable portion is a broken line type.

In the technical scheme, at least two telescopic rods are fixed in the fixing part, the top end of each telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the heating wire, the bottom end of each telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the calcining cavity, and the telescopic rods are controlled to stretch and drive the heating wires to move up and down through the telescopic motors.

In the technical scheme, the support comprises three supporting legs and a three-fork plate, the top of each supporting leg is fixedly connected with the shell, and the three ends of the three-fork plate are respectively fixed in the middle of the three supporting legs.

In the above technical solution, the bottom end of the rotating shaft penetrates through the housing and is in sliding contact with the forked plate to form a second manual rotating part.

In the technical scheme, a drawer is arranged below the three-fork plate.

In the technical scheme, the system further comprises an intelligent control system, wherein the intelligent control system comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring the temperature and atmosphere in each calcining cavity, a main control module for receiving the data of the data acquisition module and analyzing and processing the data, a controller module and a safety alarm module; the data acquisition module is in communication connection with the input end of the main control module, and the control module and the safety alarm module are in communication connection with the output end of the main control module;

the data acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor and an atmosphere sensor which are fixed in each calcining cavity;

the controller module comprises a data acquisition controller, a heating wire controller and a rotating spindle controller.

Another object of the present invention is a method for using the muffle furnace, comprising the steps of:

step 1: opening the shell door, rotating the rotating shaft until the calcining area is aligned with the shell door, and sequentially taking out the second insulating layer and the moving part;

step 2: adjusting a heating wire to the top of the calcining cavity, and putting the crucible containing the material to be calcined into the calcining cavity;

and step 3: adjusting the position of the heating wire to the optimal calcining position, and sequentially installing the moving part and the second heat-insulating layer;

and 4, step 4: repeating the steps 1-3, and placing another crucible containing the material to be calcined in another calcining cavity;

and 4, step 4: the shell door was closed, heating was started, and calcination was started.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the muffle furnace provided by the invention, the design of double external insulating layers and internal insulating layers and the fold line type door edge is adopted, and a precise temperature controller is combined, so that the heat loss is reduced, the heat insulation effect of the muffle furnace is improved, the temperature difference in a calcining cavity is reduced, and the calcining effect of a sample is ensured.

2. According to the muffle furnace provided by the invention, the position of the heating wire of each calcining cavity can be adjusted up and down, so that the material can be conveniently taken and put, the height of the heating wire can be adjusted according to the actual height of the material, and the calcining efficiency is improved.

3. According to the muffle furnace provided by the invention, through the design of the fan rings of the multiple calcining areas and the control of the controllable valves of the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe, the experimental research of different samples and different calcining conditions can be simultaneously carried out, the working efficiency and the equipment utilization efficiency are improved, and the one-time multiple-batch calcining experiment is realized.

4. Utilize 4G network remote control and voice control system, improved the security of equipment use, combine data acquisition module and host system, can realize the remote intelligent control to the muffle furnace, the statistics and the analysis of a large amount of data simultaneously provide quality of service guarantee for the use of this muffle furnace.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a muffle furnace.

FIG. 2 shows a top cross-sectional view of the muffle.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the calcination region.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the internal insulation layer and a schematic view showing the pipe connection.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the movement of the heating wire.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing module connections of the intelligent control system.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a user side.

In the figure: 1-shell, 2-rotating shaft, 3-first heat preservation layer, 4-second heat preservation layer, 5-calcination area, 6-partition plate, 7-calcination cavity, 8-internal heat preservation layer, 8-1-fixed part, 8-2-moving part, 9-heating wire, 10-shell door, 11-, 12-air inlet main pipe, 13-air outlet main pipe, 14-air inlet, 15-air outlet, 16-air inlet pipe, 17-air outlet pipe, 18-fan-shaped top heat preservation layer, 19-fan-shaped bottom heat preservation layer, 20-telescopic rod, 21-control valve, 22-supporting leg, 23-three-fork plate and 24-drawer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

The utility model provides a muffle furnace, as shown in figure 1, figure 2, include shell 1, driven be in the rotatory pivot 2 of axle center in shell 1 with fix two at least baffles 6 in the pivot 2, baffle 6 will two at least calcination region 5 are separated into to the inside cavity of shell 1, shell door 10 has been seted up on the lateral wall of shell 1, wear out on 2 tops of pivot shell 1 forms manual rotating part, shell door 10 is the arc door, and is unanimous with the regional 5 sizes of biggest calcination, guarantees that each calcination region 5 opens smoothly.

Each calcining region 5, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, includes a fan-shaped top insulating layer 18 and a fan-shaped bottom insulating layer 19 respectively fixed on the rotating shaft 2, a first insulating layer 3 covering the side wall of the rotating shaft 2, and a second insulating layer 4 (not shown in fig. 3) contacting with the inner side wall of the housing 1, the fan-shaped top insulating layer 18, the fan-shaped bottom insulating layer 19, the first insulating layer 3, the second insulating layer 4, and the two partition plates 6 enclose to form an internal cavity, the internal cavity is filled with an internal insulating layer 8, as shown in fig. 2, the internal insulating layer 8 is a hollow structure, the central cavity is a calcining chamber 7, the calcining chamber 7 is a cylinder, the height of the calcining chamber can be set according to actual requirements, the inner wall is provided with a heating wire 9, the heating pipe 8 is controlled by a peripheral control circuit, and the internal insulating layer 8 is shown in fig, the movable part 8-2 is a fixed part 8-1 and a movable part 8-2 which are spliced together, and the calcining cavity 7 can be opened after the movable part 8-2 is taken out; the temperature control and temperature setting of each calcining region are the same as those of the muffle furnace in the prior art, and are not described herein again, and the circuit pipelines of each calcining region pass through the first heat-preservation layer 3, are collected in the hollow cavity of the rotating shaft, and then penetrate out from the top end to simplify the circuit.

As shown in FIG. 4, each calcining chamber 7 is provided with an air inlet 14 and an air outlet 15, and the air inlet 14 and the air outlet 15 are respectively communicated with the outside through an air inlet pipe 16 and an air outlet pipe 17.

When the device is used, the shell door 10 is opened, the main shaft 2 is rotated, a certain calcining area 5 is aligned to the shell door 10, the second heat-insulating layer 4 and the moving part 8-2 of the calcining area 5 are sequentially taken out, so that the calcining cavity 7 is opened, a material to be calcined is placed in the calcining cavity 7, then the moving part 8-2 and the second heat-insulating layer 4 are sequentially closed, the shell door 10 is closed, and the heating wire 9 is opened to heat and start calcining.

Above-mentioned muffle furnace is inside to be divided into a plurality of calcining regions 5 and to each calcining chamber 7 of calcining region 5 inside control heating temperature respectively, can realize that multiple material calcines simultaneously and do not influence each other under the different temperatures, has improved the space utilization and the calcining efficiency of muffle furnace greatly, has shortened experimental research cycle.

Example 2

This embodiment is described based on embodiment 1, and its preferred structure is described.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4, the rotating shaft 2 is a hollow rotating shaft, and the air inlet pipe 16 and the air outlet pipe 17 connected to each calcining cavity 7 are respectively merged in the hollow area of the rotating shaft 2 and communicated with the air inlet main pipe 12 and the air outlet main pipe 13. The hollow rotating shaft is selected, and the air inlet main pipe 12 and the air outlet main pipe 13 are arranged at the hollow parts of the hollow rotating shaft, so that the pipeline can be simplified, and the overall structure is simpler.

Preferably, the main air intake pipe 12 and the main air outlet pipe 13 are connected with a control valve 21, the main air intake pipe 12 is connected with the combustible atmosphere, and the main air outlet pipe 13 is connected with a ventilation device. The combustible atmosphere can promote the calcination and improve the calcination efficiency; the air outlet main pipe 13 is connected with ventilation equipment, so that harmful gas generated by calcination can be prevented from polluting a laboratory.

Preferably, the contact surface between the fixed part 8-1 and the movable part 8-2 is a polygonal line. The broken line type design can effectively reduce the heat loss of the calcining cavity 7.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, at least two telescopic rods 20 are fixed in the fixing portion 8-1, the top end of each telescopic rod 20 is fixedly connected to the heating wire 9, the bottom end of each telescopic rod 20 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the calcining chamber 7, and the telescopic rods 20 are controlled to extend and contract by a telescopic motor (the telescopic motor is located in a cavity inside the fixing portion 8-1, and is not shown in the figure) so as to drive the heating wire 9 to move up and down. The telescopic rod 20 is made of a high temperature resistant and heat insulating material.

The heater strip 9 can reciprocate, and when getting when treating the calcination material, the heater strip 9 removes to the top of calcining chamber 7, conveniently gets and puts, and when calcining, the heater strip moves down to the position equivalent with the material. The heating wires 9 can be adjusted up and down along with the difference of the material height, so that the calcining efficiency is improved.

Preferably, the support further comprises a support, as shown in fig. 1, the support comprises three support legs 22 and a three-fork plate 23, the top of each support leg 22 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the housing 1, and three ends of the three-fork plate 23 are respectively fixed in the middle of the three support legs 22. The support supports the muffle furnace by a certain height, and the operation is convenient. The design of three support legs 22 plus a three-pronged plate 23 stabilizes the stand.

Preferably, the bottom end of the rotating shaft 2 penetrates through the housing 1 and is in sliding contact with the forked plate 23 to form a second manual rotating part. The dual operation arrangement of the manual rotation portion and the second manual rotation portion facilitates standing or squatting operations without the need for purposely squatting or standing.

Preferably, a drawer 24 is provided under the three-fork plate 23, and long-handled pliers, protective gloves, crucibles, and the like for testing can be placed thereon.

Example 3

This embodiment is described based on embodiment 1 and embodiment 2.

The intelligent control system comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring the temperature and atmosphere in each calcining cavity 7, a main control module for receiving the data of the data acquisition module and analyzing and processing the data, a controller module and a safety alarm module, as shown in fig. 6; the data acquisition module is in communication connection with the input end of the main control module, and the controller module and the safety alarm module are in communication connection with the output end of the main control module;

the data acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor and an atmosphere sensor which are fixed in each calcining cavity 7;

the main control module is an STM32F101 series single chip microcomputer;

the controller module comprises a heating wire controller, a rotating shaft controller, a power supply controller and a shell door controller.

The heating wire controller controls the opening or closing of the heating wire; the rotating shaft controller controls the automatic rotation of the rotating shaft 2 to align the calcining area with the shell door; the power controller and the shell door controller are connected with a voice controller, and the power controller or the shell door can be opened or closed through voice control.

According to the using method of the muffle furnace, when the data acquisition module acquires that the temperature in a certain calcining cavity 7 exceeds or is lower than a set temperature range, the main control module receives the information and sends a command of closing or starting the heating pipe to a heating wire controller in the controller module, and the heating pipe is closed or started. Meanwhile, the main control module receives the information and analyzes the heating speed, the cooling speed, the calcining time and the like, when the analysis result is abnormal and exceeds a preset range, an alarm signal is sent to the safety alarm module, and the safety alarm module sends out an alarm through a connected alarm.

The man-machine interaction of the muffle furnace is mainly completed through a control panel and a user side.

The control panel is a touch screen, is arranged on the shell door, can set the calcination condition corresponding to each calcination area, adjusts the normal atmosphere range, controls the heating speed and the heat preservation time of the muffle furnace, controls the network signal, controls the power switch of the muffle furnace and controls the heating wires of each calcination area.

The user side is in communication connection with the main control module through the 4G wireless network, so that the remote control of the muffle furnace is realized, as shown in fig. 7, for example, the conditions of calcination temperature, heat preservation time and calcination atmosphere are shown, and meanwhile, the user side and muffle furnace equipment are connected with a laboratory monitoring video, so that the remote intelligent control of the muffle furnace is realized.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The muffle furnace is characterized by comprising a shell (1), a rotating shaft (2) driven to rotate in the inner axis of the shell (1) and at least two vertical partition plates (6) fixed on the rotating shaft (2), wherein the partition plates (6) divide an inner cavity of the shell (1) into at least two calcining areas (5), a shell door (10) is arranged on the side wall of the shell (1), and the top end of the rotating shaft (2) penetrates out of the shell (1) to form a manual rotating part;

each calcining area (5) comprises a fan-shaped top heat-insulating layer (18) and a fan-shaped bottom heat-insulating layer (19) which are respectively fixed on the rotating shaft (2), a first heat-insulating layer (3) coated on the side wall of the rotating shaft (2), and a second heat-insulating layer (4) contacted with the inner side wall of the shell (1), wherein the fan-shaped top heat-insulating layer (18), the fan-shaped bottom heat-insulating layer (19), the first heat-insulating layer (3), the second heat-insulating layer (4) and the two clapboards (6) are enclosed to form an internal cavity, the internal cavity is filled with an internal heat-insulating layer (8), the internal heat-insulating layer (8) is of a hollow structure, the cavity at the center is a calcining cavity (7), heating wires (9) are arranged on the inner wall of the calcining cavity (7), and the internal heat-insulating layer (8) is, the movable part (8-2) can open the calcining cavity (7) after being taken out;

each calcining cavity (7) is provided with an air inlet (14) and an air outlet (15), and the air inlet (14) and the air outlet (15) are respectively communicated with the outside through an air inlet pipe (16) and an air outlet pipe (17).

2. A muffle furnace according to claim 1, wherein the shaft (2) is a hollow shaft, and the air inlet pipe (16) and the air outlet pipe (17) connected to each calcining chamber (7) are respectively communicated with the air inlet main pipe (12) and the air outlet main pipe (13) in the hollow area of the shaft (2).

3. Muffle furnace according to claim 2, wherein control valves (21) are connected to the intake manifold (12) and the outlet manifold (13), the intake manifold (12) being connected to the combustible atmosphere and the outlet manifold (13) being connected to a ventilation device.

4. Muffle according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surfaces of the fixed part (8-1) and the moving part (8-2) are of a broken line type.

5. The muffle according to claim 1, wherein at least two telescopic rods (20) are fixed in the fixing part (8-1), the top end of each telescopic rod (20) is fixedly connected with the heating wire (9), the bottom end of each telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the calcining cavity (7), and the telescopic rods (20) are controlled to be telescopic by a telescopic motor so as to drive the heating wire (9) to move up and down.

6. Muffle according to claim 1, further comprising a support frame comprising three support legs (22) and a three-forked plate (23), wherein the top of each support leg (22) is fixedly connected to the housing (1), and the three ends of the three-forked plate (23) are fixed to the middle of the three support legs (22), respectively.

7. Muffle according to claim 6, wherein the bottom end of the shaft (2) protrudes through the housing (1) and is in sliding contact with the yoke plate (23) forming a second manual rotation.

8. Muffle according to claim 7, characterized in that a drawer (24) is provided under the triple fork plate (23).

9. The muffle furnace according to claim 1, further comprising an intelligent control system, wherein the intelligent control system comprises a data acquisition module for acquiring the temperature and atmosphere in each calcining chamber (7), a main control module for receiving the data of the data acquisition module and analyzing and processing the data, a controller module and a safety alarm module; the data acquisition module is in communication connection with the input end of the main control module, and the control module and the safety alarm module are in communication connection with the output end of the main control module;

the data acquisition module comprises a temperature sensor and an atmosphere sensor which are fixed in each calcining cavity (7);

10. The method of using a muffle according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:

step 1: opening the shell door (10), rotating the rotating shaft (2) until the calcining area (5) is aligned with the shell door (10), and sequentially taking out the second heat-insulating layer (4) and the moving part (8-2);

step 2: adjusting a heating wire (9) to the top of the calcining cavity (7), and placing a crucible containing the material to be calcined into the calcining cavity (7);

and step 3: adjusting the position of the heating wire (9) to the optimal calcining position, and sequentially installing the moving part (8-2) and the second heat-insulating layer (4);

and 4, step 4: repeating the steps 1-3, and placing another crucible containing the material to be calcined in another calcining cavity (7);

and 5: the shell door (10) is closed, the heating is started, and the calcination is started.