CN110986022A - Steam extraction heating heat supply drainage system - Google Patents
Steam extraction heating heat supply drainage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110986022A CN110986022A CN201911064456.3A CN201911064456A CN110986022A CN 110986022 A CN110986022 A CN 110986022A CN 201911064456 A CN201911064456 A CN 201911064456A CN 110986022 A CN110986022 A CN 110986022A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/48—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers
- F22B37/50—Devices for removing water, salt, or sludge from boilers; Arrangements of cleaning apparatus in boilers; Combinations thereof with boilers for draining or expelling water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a steam extraction heating heat supply drainage system, which comprises: a boiler; the cylinder comprises a high-pressure cylinder and an intermediate-pressure cylinder which are connected with the boiler, and a low-pressure cylinder which is connected with the intermediate-pressure cylinder; the high pressure cylinder is connected with the intermediate pressure cylinder; the heat supply network heater assembly comprises a high-pressure heat supply network heater, a medium-pressure heat supply network heater and a low-pressure heat supply network heater; the high-pressure heat supply network heater, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater and the low-pressure heat supply network heater are sequentially connected through a drain pipe and are used for enabling water flow to sequentially flow through the high-pressure heat supply network heater, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater and the low-pressure heat supply network heater according to pressure difference during draining; the high-pressure heating network heater, the medium-pressure heating network heater and the low-pressure heating network heater are sequentially connected to the heating network water pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of central heating, in particular to a steam extraction heating and heat supply drainage system.
Background
With the increase of the current environmental protection pressure, the heat supply scheme of the small boiler dispersed in the north is gradually replaced by the centralized heat supply of a large unit. The existing thermal power plant mostly adopts a steam heating heat supply network water mode, heat supply network return water enters a plurality of heat supply network heaters in parallel after being pressurized by a heat supply network circulating water pump, and heat supply network circulating water is conveyed to each user through a heating power pipe network after being heated after heat exchange. After regional centralized heat supply is adopted, the heat load of a thermal power plant is often large, the response of the steam extraction quantity of a steam turbine is also large, the steam extraction quantity of a single unit is often 300-500 t/h, the heating heat load is also influenced by the change of local air temperature, the water supply temperature of a heat supply network needs to be adjusted, the heating steam extraction quantity of a corresponding steam turbine needs to be adjusted, and therefore a corresponding heating and heat supply drainage system needs to be arranged in a matched mode.
The existing heating and heat-supplying drainage system adopts a single-stage steam-extraction heating system, and a large amount of steam can be extracted in order to ensure the heating period, and meanwhile, an adjustable butterfly valve of a low-medium pressure cylinder communicating pipe can be arranged. The adjustable butterfly valve is arranged on a communicating pipe from the intermediate pressure cylinder to the low pressure cylinder, and the valve resistance is manually changed by adjusting the opening of the valve, so that the purpose of changing the steam exhaust pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder is achieved, and the heating steam extraction pressure and the heating water temperature of a heating network are adjustable. At the moment, a plurality of heat supply network heaters are arranged in parallel when seen from the flow direction of a heat supply network circulating water medium, and each heater is provided with an independent normal drainage pipeline and is provided with an independent regulating valve for controlling the water level. The parallel heat supply network heaters are normally drained to form a path and then pumped back to a condensed water system of the main engine through a drainage pump, and working media and energy can be recycled.
However, when the prior art is adopted, the steam exhaust pressure adjusting range of the intermediate pressure cylinder is usually 0.1-0.4 MPa.a, the drainage saturation temperature of the corresponding heater is 120-150 ℃, the heat exchange temperature difference between the steam exhaust pressure adjusting range and the return water of the heat supply network (40-60 ℃) is large, the loss of useful work of the steam can be caused, each heat supply network heater is provided with an adjusting valve for adjusting the water level, the pipeline resistance is increased invisibly, and the drainage efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a steam extraction heating and heat supply drainage system, which realizes energy gradient utilization, avoids loss of useful work, and improves drainage efficiency.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a steam extraction, heating, and heat supply drainage system, including: a boiler;
the cylinder comprises a high-pressure cylinder and an intermediate-pressure cylinder which are connected with the boiler, and a low-pressure cylinder which is connected with the intermediate-pressure cylinder; the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the intermediate-pressure cylinder;
the heat supply network heater assembly comprises a high-pressure heat supply network heater, a medium-pressure heat supply network heater and a low-pressure heat supply network heater; the high-pressure heat supply network heater, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater and the low-pressure heat supply network heater are sequentially connected through a drain pipe and are used for enabling water flow to sequentially flow through the high-pressure heat supply network heater, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater and the low-pressure heat supply network heater according to pressure difference during draining;
the high-pressure heat supply network heater, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater and the low-pressure heat supply network heater are sequentially connected to a heat supply network water pipeline.
Further, the high-pressure heating network heater is connected with the high-pressure cylinder through a first steam extraction pipeline, and a first regulating valve is arranged on the first steam extraction pipeline; the medium-pressure heating network heater is directly connected with the medium-pressure cylinder through a second steam extraction pipeline; the low-pressure heating network heater is directly connected with the low-pressure cylinder through a third steam extraction pipeline.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
a drain tank;
the drain tank is connected with the drain port of the low-pressure heat supply network heater, and a second regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the drain port of the low-pressure heat supply network heater and the drain tank.
Further, the system also comprises a first pipeline, a drainage pump and a condensate system;
the water inlet of the first pipeline is connected with the drain tank, and the drain port of the first pipeline is connected with the condensate system through the drain pump;
the drain tank is used for detecting water quality and water level;
when the drain tank detects that the water quality and the water level in the drain tank meet preset requirements, the first pipeline is opened.
Further, the device also comprises a second pipeline and a condenser;
the water inlet of the second pipeline is connected with the drain tank, and the drain port of the second pipeline is connected with the condenser;
the drain tank is used for detecting water quality and water level;
when the drain tank detects that the water quality in the drain tank meets the preset requirement and the water level exceeds the preset range, the second pipeline is opened.
Further, the water-saving device also comprises a third pipeline and a water drainage tank;
the water inlet of the third pipeline is connected with the drain tank, and the drain port of the third pipeline is connected with the drain tank;
the drain tank is used for detecting water quality and water level;
and when the drain tank detects that the water quality in the drain tank does not meet the preset requirement, the third pipeline is opened.
Further, the system also comprises a heat supply network circulating water pump;
the heat supply network circulating water pump is arranged on the heat supply network water pipeline, and the water outlet end of the heat supply network circulating water pump is connected with the low-pressure heat supply network heater and used for pumping heat supply network water to the low-pressure heat supply network heater for heating.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the prior art, the single high-flow steam extraction is dispersed to each stage of steam extraction, the steam extraction amount of each stage is small, a special structure is not required to be arranged on the steam turbine, the pressure loss of the communication pipeline of the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder is small, and the efficiency of the steam turbine during non-heating period pure condensing operation is not influenced. In addition, a step heating mode of low-pressure steam extraction, intermediate-pressure cylinder steam extraction and high-pressure cylinder steam extraction is adopted, and through the step utilization of energy, the loss of useful work is small, and the utilization rate of the energy is improved. And because the mode that the drainage of the heat supply network heater automatically flows step by step according to the pressure difference is adopted, the drainage heat recovery of each pressure grade is fully utilized, the circulating water of the heat supply network is heated, and the drainage efficiency is improved while the waste of the drainage heat of the heater is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional steam extraction heating and heat supply drainage system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam extraction heating and heating drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam extraction heating and heating hydrophobic system according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional steam extraction heating and water drainage system. As shown in fig. 1, in order to ensure that a large amount of steam can be extracted during the heating period, and meanwhile, an adjustable measure is required, a special structural design scheme is usually adopted on the steam turbine, namely, an adjustable butterfly valve of a communication pipe of a medium-low pressure cylinder is arranged. The adjustable butterfly valve is arranged on a communicating pipe from the intermediate pressure cylinder to the low pressure cylinder, and the valve resistance is manually changed by adjusting the opening of the valve, so that the purpose of changing the steam exhaust pressure of the intermediate pressure cylinder is achieved, the heating steam extraction pressure is adjustable, and the temperature of the heating water of a heating network is adjustable. At the moment, a plurality of heat supply network heaters are arranged in parallel when seen from the flow direction of a heat supply network circulating water medium, and each heater is provided with an independent normal drainage pipeline and is provided with an independent regulating valve for controlling the water level. The parallel heat supply network heaters are normally drained to form a path and then pumped back to a condensed water system of the main engine through a drainage pump, and working media and energy can be recycled.
However, the exhaust steam pressure adjusting range of the intermediate pressure cylinder is usually 0.1-0.4 MPa.a, the corresponding drainage saturation temperature of the heater is 120-150 ℃, the heat exchange temperature difference with the return water of the heat supply network (40-60 ℃) is large, irreversible energy loss is caused, and actually, the loss of useful work of steam is caused, and the valve is arranged on the intermediate and low pressure communicating pipe, so that resistance is generated on the pipeline, and the operation efficiency of the unit in a non-heating period and a pure condensing mode is reduced. In addition, each heating network heater is provided with a regulating valve for regulating the water level, so that the pipeline resistance is increased invisibly, the drainage efficiency is influenced, and the investment is increased.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of a steam extraction heating and heating hydrophobic system according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, including: a boiler 1.
And cylinders including a high pressure cylinder 11 and an intermediate pressure cylinder 12 connected to the boiler 1, and a low pressure cylinder 13 connected to the intermediate pressure cylinder 12. The high pressure cylinder 11 is connected to the intermediate pressure cylinder 12.
And the heat supply network heater assembly comprises a high-pressure heat supply network heater 21, a medium-pressure heat supply network heater 22 and a low-pressure heat supply network heater 23. The high-pressure heat supply network heater 21, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater 22 and the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23 are sequentially connected through the drain pipe 101, and are used for enabling water flow to sequentially flow through the high-pressure heat supply network heater 21, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater 22 and the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23 according to pressure difference during draining.
The high-pressure heat supply network heater 21, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater 22 and the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23 are connected to the heat supply network water pipeline 102 in sequence.
In the present embodiment, the normal drainage of the high-pressure heat supply network heater 21 flows into the medium-pressure heat supply network heater 22 by itself according to the pressure difference, and the normal drainage of the medium-pressure heat supply network heater 22 flows into the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23 by itself according to the pressure difference. The two normal drainage pipelines are not provided with regulating valves, and the water levels of the high-pressure heat supply network heater and the medium-pressure heat supply network heater are not controlled independently.
In this embodiment, according to the requirement of the supply water temperature of the heat supply network, the heat supply network water firstly enters the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23 through the heat supply network water pipeline, and after being heated by the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23, the heat supply network water sequentially enters the medium-pressure heat supply network heater 22 and the high-pressure heat supply network heater 21, and is further heated and warmed respectively, and finally is supplied to each user through the heat supply network water pipeline. Wherein the low pressure network heater 23 extracts steam from the low pressure cylinder 13 and the medium pressure network heater 22 extracts steam from the medium pressure cylinder 12.
In this embodiment, the high-pressure heating network heater 21 is connected to the high-pressure cylinder 11 through a first steam extraction pipe 111, and a first regulating valve 120 is disposed on the first steam extraction pipe 111. The medium pressure heating network heater 22 is directly connected with the medium pressure cylinder 12 through a second steam extraction pipe 112, and the low pressure heating network heater 23 is directly connected with the low pressure cylinder 13 through a third steam extraction pipe 113.
Preferably, the first adjusting valve 120 is an adjustable butterfly valve, which can control the final temperature of the supply water of the heat supply network by adjusting the high-pressure extraction amount and the steam pressure entering the high-pressure heat supply network heater 21.
In this embodiment, the intermediate pressure cylinder 12 and the intermediate pressure heating network heater 22, and the low pressure cylinder 13 and the low pressure heating network heater 23 are directly connected by pipelines, that is, no adjustment measure is required to be set between the intermediate pressure cylinder 12 and the intermediate pressure heating network heater 22, and between the low pressure cylinder 13 and the low pressure heating network heater 23, and only the first adjustment valve 120 is required to be set on the first steam extraction pipeline 111 between the high pressure cylinder 11 and the high pressure heating network heater 21, so as to control the final temperature of the water supplied to the heating network.
For example, compared with the existing steam extraction heating and heat supply drainage system shown in fig. 1, the single high-flow steam extraction is dispersed to each stage of steam extraction, the steam extraction amount of each stage is small, a special structure is not required to be arranged on the steam turbine, the pressure loss of the communication pipeline of the intermediate pressure cylinder and the low pressure cylinder is small, and the efficiency of the steam turbine during pure condensing operation in the non-heating period is not influenced. In addition, a step heating mode of low-pressure steam extraction, intermediate-pressure cylinder steam extraction and high-pressure cylinder steam extraction is adopted, and through the step utilization of energy, the loss of useful work is small, and the utilization rate of the energy is improved. And because the mode that the drainage of the heat supply network heater automatically flows step by step according to the pressure difference is adopted, the drainage heat recovery of each pressure grade is fully utilized, the circulating water of the heat supply network is heated, and the drainage efficiency is improved while the waste of the drainage heat of the heater is avoided.
In this embodiment, a heat supply network circulating water pump 24 is also included. The heat supply network circulating water pump 24 is arranged on the heat supply network water pipeline 102, and the water outlet end of the heat supply network circulating water pump is connected with the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23 and used for pumping the heat supply network water to the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23 for heating.
Further, referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of a steam extraction heating and heating hydrophobic system according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown. In addition to the structure shown in fig. 1, the structure further includes: a drain tank 25.
The drain tank 25 is connected with the drain port of the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23, and a second regulating valve 26 is arranged on a pipeline between the drain port of the low-pressure heat supply network heater 23 and the drain tank 25.
In this embodiment, a first pipeline 301, a hydrophobic pump 302 and a condensate system 303 are also included. The water inlet of the first pipeline 301 is connected with the drain tank 25, and the drain port of the first pipeline 301 is connected with the condensed water system 303 through the drain pump 302; the drain tank 25 is used for water quality and water level detection. Wherein, when detecting that the water quality and the water level in the drain tank 25 both meet the preset requirements, the drain tank 25 opens the first pipeline 301.
And, further comprising a second conduit 401 and a condenser 402; a water inlet of the second pipeline 401 is connected with the drain tank 25, and a drain port of the second pipeline 401 is connected with the condenser 402; the drain tank 25 is used for detecting water quality and water level; wherein, when detecting that the water quality in the drain tank 25 meets the preset requirement and the water level exceeds the preset range, the drain tank 25 opens the second pipeline 401.
And, further includes a third pipe 501 and a drain tank 502; the water inlet of the third pipeline 501 is connected with the drain tank 25, and the drain port of the third pipeline 501 is connected with the drain tank 502; the drain tank 25 is used for detecting water quality and water level; wherein, when detecting that the water quality in the drain tank 25 does not meet the preset requirement, the drain tank 25 opens the third pipeline 501.
In this embodiment the low pressure heating network heater 23 is provided with a second regulating valve 26 at the normal drain outlet to control the heater water level. The heater drains water to the drain tank 25 after draining water normally through the second regulating valve 26, and the drain tank 25 is used for water level control and water quality monitoring. The pipeline is divided into three paths according to the water quality and the water level condition at the back of the drain tank 25: in the first path, when the water quality monitoring is qualified and the water level of the drain tank 25 is in a normal range, the first pipeline 301 is opened, so that water in the drain tank enters the host condensed water system 303 through the drain pump 302, and the drain working medium and heat of the lowest-level heat supply network heater are recycled as much as possible. In the second path, when the water quality is monitored to be qualified but the water level of the drain tank 25 is abnormally higher than the normal range, the second pipeline 401 is opened, so that water in the drain tank enters the condenser 402. And in the third path, when the water quality monitoring is unqualified, a third pipeline 501 is opened, so that water in the drainage tank is drained to a drainage tank 502 of an external unit of the plant and is not recycled to a host regenerative system.
Drainage adopts the gravity flow step by step between the multistage heat supply network heaters, and the last stage heat supply network heater uses the mode that the water level was controlled to the governing valve, a plurality of stages heat supply network heaters did not use the governing valve before, reduce the pipeline resistance, when increasing hydrophobic efficiency, save the resource. And through setting up the drain tank, according to the quality of water change and the combination drain tank water level that the drain tank monitored, decide the drainage to realize the recovery of the maxmizing resources.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A steam extraction heating heat supply drainage system is characterized by comprising:
a boiler;
the cylinder comprises a high-pressure cylinder and an intermediate-pressure cylinder which are connected with the boiler, and a low-pressure cylinder which is connected with the intermediate-pressure cylinder; the high-pressure cylinder is connected with the intermediate-pressure cylinder;
the heat supply network heater assembly comprises a high-pressure heat supply network heater, a medium-pressure heat supply network heater and a low-pressure heat supply network heater; the high-pressure heat supply network heater, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater and the low-pressure heat supply network heater are sequentially connected through a drain pipe and are used for enabling water flow to sequentially flow through the high-pressure heat supply network heater, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater and the low-pressure heat supply network heater according to pressure difference during draining;
the high-pressure heat supply network heater, the medium-pressure heat supply network heater and the low-pressure heat supply network heater are sequentially connected to a heat supply network water pipeline.
2. The steam-extraction heating and water-drainage system according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure heating network heater is connected with the high-pressure cylinder through a first steam extraction pipeline, and a first regulating valve is arranged on the first steam extraction pipeline; the medium-pressure heating network heater is directly connected with the medium-pressure cylinder through a second steam extraction pipeline; the low-pressure heating network heater is directly connected with the low-pressure cylinder through a third steam extraction pipeline.
3. The steam extraction, heating, and dewatering system of claim 1, further comprising: a drain tank;
the drain tank is connected with the drain port of the low-pressure heat supply network heater, and a second regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the drain port of the low-pressure heat supply network heater and the drain tank.
4. A steam extraction, heating and water drainage system according to claim 3, further comprising a first pipe, a water drainage pump and a condensate system;
the water inlet of the first pipeline is connected with the drain tank, and the drain port of the first pipeline is connected with the condensate system through the drain pump;
the drain tank is used for detecting water quality and water level;
when the drain tank detects that the water quality and the water level in the drain tank meet preset requirements, the first pipeline is opened.
5. A steam extraction, heating and drainage system according to claim 3, further comprising a second pipeline and a condenser;
the water inlet of the second pipeline is connected with the drain tank, and the drain port of the second pipeline is connected with the condenser;
the drain tank is used for detecting water quality and water level;
when the drain tank detects that the water quality in the drain tank meets the preset requirement and the water level exceeds the preset range, the second pipeline is opened.
6. The steam extraction, heating and drainage system of claim 3, further comprising a third pipe and a drain tank;
the water inlet of the third pipeline is connected with the drain tank, and the drain port of the third pipeline is connected with the drain tank;
the drain tank is used for detecting water quality and water level;
and when the drain tank detects that the water quality in the drain tank does not meet the preset requirement, the third pipeline is opened.
7. The steam extraction, heating and drainage system of claim 1, further comprising a heat network circulating water pump;
the heat supply network circulating water pump is arranged on the heat supply network water pipeline, and the water outlet end of the heat supply network circulating water pump is connected with the low-pressure heat supply network heater and used for pumping heat supply network water to the low-pressure heat supply network heater for heating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911064456.3A CN110986022A (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Steam extraction heating heat supply drainage system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911064456.3A CN110986022A (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Steam extraction heating heat supply drainage system |
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| CN110986022A true CN110986022A (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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| CN201911064456.3A Pending CN110986022A (en) | 2019-11-01 | 2019-11-01 | Steam extraction heating heat supply drainage system |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113028490A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-06-25 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System and method for heating circulating water of heat supply network by using series-connected heat supply network heaters |
| CN113864750A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-31 | 国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司 | Heating system of nuclear power plant |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |
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