CN110983571B - Preparation method of crystal velvet fabric - Google Patents

Preparation method of crystal velvet fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110983571B
CN110983571B CN201911386320.4A CN201911386320A CN110983571B CN 110983571 B CN110983571 B CN 110983571B CN 201911386320 A CN201911386320 A CN 201911386320A CN 110983571 B CN110983571 B CN 110983571B
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pbt
crystal
crystal velvet
preparation
velvet fabric
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CN110983571A (en
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范红卫
王山水
王丽丽
汤方明
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Jiangsu Hengli Chemical Fiber Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Hengli Chemical Fiber Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/44—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific cross-section or surface shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/22—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool
    • D01D5/23—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a crimped or curled structure; with a special structure to simulate wool by asymmetrical cooling of filaments, threads, or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C11/00—Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C27/00—Compound processes or apparatus, for finishing or dressing textile fabrics, not otherwise provided for
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
    • D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
    • D06C7/02—Setting
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/20—Physical properties optical

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of crystal velvet fabric, which comprises the following steps of preparing PBT fiber for crystal velvet: extruding the PBT melt from spinneret orifices on a composite spinneret plate, cooling by adopting circular blowing, and preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal wool; the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with a trilobal spinneret orifice and a triangular spinneret orifice; then, weaving the crystal velvet PBT fiber yarns as warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns as weft yarns into grey cloth, and then sequentially carrying out napping, pre-shaping, dyeing, softener treatment, shearing and shaping to prepare the crystal velvet fabric; in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the crimping shrinkage rate of the PBT fibers for the crystal velvet is 31-34%, and the crimping elastic recovery rate is 79-84%; the rigidity of the crystal velvet fabric is 4.24-5.46/cm, and the thermal resistance is 0.38-0.43 K.m2and/W, the glossiness is 70-75%.

Description

Preparation method of crystal velvet fabric
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of polyester fibers, and relates to a preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric.
Background
The crystal velvet belongs to chemical fiber or after-finishing fabric, and the raw material of the crystal velvet is terylene and mainly takes pink as the main color. The crystal velvet fabric has dense villi and is in diamond luster, and is generally used for manufacturing women's clothing at present. However, as for the raw materials, the crystal velvet is not suitable for making clothes because the velvet feeling of the fabric is a bit harsh hand unless used as clothes accessories, and if the crystal velvet is used for making clothes, the crystal velvet is suitable for making leisure clothes in winter and is not suitable for making clothes in summer or underwear.
The crimped fiber is soft in hand feeling because of small elastic modulus, and is largely used for the close-fitting clothing, the softness of the crimped fiber can be improved by introducing the crimped fiber into the crystal wool fabric, but the crimped shape of the general chemical fiber is generated by a pre-drafting-false-twisting deformation process, the process is time-consuming and high in cost, and the false-twisting deformation damages the fiber; also, the false twist texturing process reduces the gloss of the fibers.
Therefore, the development of the crystal velvet fabric which is simple, convenient, good in glossiness and soft in hand feeling is of great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric, and aims to solve the problem that how to improve the soft hand feeling of the crystal velvet fabric and keep the glossiness of the crystal velvet fabric in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric comprises the steps of interweaving PBT fiber yarns for crystal velvet as warp yarns and PET fiber yarns as weft yarns into grey cloth, and then sequentially carrying out napping, presetting, dyeing (by adopting disperse dyes, the dyeing temperature is 130 ℃, the dyeing time is 30-40 min), softener treatment, shearing and setting to prepare the crystal velvet fabric;
the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding the PBT melt from spinneret orifices on a composite spinneret plate, cooling by adopting circular blowing, and preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal wool;
the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trilobal spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0: 1.5-2.0: 2.0-2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 2.5-3.5: 1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle.
As a preferred technical scheme:
according to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 60-70 wt%;
in the napping process, the height of the fluff is controlled to be 5-6 mm;
the temperature of the pre-setting process is 160-180 ℃;
the temperature of the shaping process is 180-200 ℃;
the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 250-260 g/m2A stiffness of 4.24 to 5.46 and a thermal resistance of 0.38 to 0.43 Km2and/W, the glossiness is 70-75%.
According to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, the number ratio of the trilobal spinneret orifices to the triangular spinneret orifices is 70: 30-80: 20.
According to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, the intrinsic viscosity of the PBT melt is 1.12-1.25 dL/g.
According to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 270-280 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 1.80-2.30 m/s, the one-roller speed is 1800-2000 m/min, the one-roller temperature is 60-70 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3500-3700 m/min, the two-roller temperature is 140-150 ℃, and the winding speed is 3430-3610 m/min.
According to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, the PBT fibers for the crystal velvet consist of the PBT monofilaments with the trefoil cross sections and the PBT monofilaments with the triangular cross sections.
According to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, in the grey cloth, the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is more than or equal to 2.7cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 45.0 +/-4.0%, and the single-filament fineness is 0.6-0.8 dtex.
According to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric has the advantages that the PBT fibers for the crystal velvet have the crimping shrinkage rate of 31-34%, the crimping stability of 80-85%, the shrinkage elongation of 77-82% and the crimp elastic recovery rate of 79-84%; the PBT monofilament with the trilobal cross section in the crystal velvet fabric is in a three-dimensional curled shape, and the PBT monofilament with the triangular cross section is in a triangular cylinder shape.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention enables one bundle of filaments to have both the PBT monofilament with the trefoil cross section and the PBT monofilament with the triangular cross section by simultaneously arranging the spinneret orifices with two shapes on the composite spinneret plate, and the existence of the PBT monofilament with the triangular cross section can endow the fibers with better glossiness, so that the fabric prepared by the PBT monofilament is in diamond luster;
the PBT monofilament with the trefoil cross section can be self-curled when heated, and on one hand, the fibers in the self-curling form have low elastic modulus, so that the fibers can be endowed with better hand feeling, and the problem that the crystal velvet feels harsh is solved; on the other hand, after napping, the hair bundles on the napped surface are flat, upright and not toppled, because the rigidity of the trefoil with the same area is larger than that of the round fiber, the flexural modulus is improved under the condition of unchanged fineness, and the hair bundles are not easy to topple on the basis of ensuring the flexibility; meanwhile, the tufts which are not easy to fall down can form static air in the fabric, and the static air can isolate external cold air, so that the fabric has certain heat retention property.
The PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is prepared according to an FDY process, and a PBT melt is extruded from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, wherein the center line of the shortest leaf of a trefoil spinneret orifice passes through the circle center and points away from the circle center, and meanwhile, circular blowing is adopted for cooling; wherein, the cooling blast is over against the shortest blade in the trefoil, and the trefoil cooling condition is seriously asymmetric and unbalanced. Because the trilobal in the spinneret orifice that adopts is asymmetric structure, the shortest leaf of trilobal spinneret orifice is the windward first, and other two leaves contact with the windward side afterwards for the fibre is after spouting certainly, and the cooling rate of the fuse-element of different positions on the cross section is inconsistent, mainly reflects in: during spinning, the cooling air speed is high and is between 1.80 and 2.30m/s, the part close to the air blowing port is cooled earlier and faster, and the part far away from the air blowing port is cooled slower. When the short lobe of the trefoil in the trefoil spinneret orifice faces the cooling wind, the melt of this lobe cools down faster, while the other two lobes of the trefoil cool down slower. Under the action of the tension of the drafting, the other two leaves in the trilobal shape are easier to draft and become thin, and the stress is more concentrated, so that a trilobal stress asymmetric structure can appear on a fiber trefoil cross section, the fiber with asymmetric stress and thickness on the cross section can present three-dimensional crimping performance in the heat treatment or stretching process, the crimping is good, the elastic recovery rate of the fiber is high, and the fiber can avoid the thermal damage of the fiber caused by using the processing process of false twist deformation according to the FDY process, and the quality of the fiber is good; also, because the false twist texturing process is avoided, the gloss of the monofilament having a triangular cross section is well retained.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention relates to a preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric, which adopts PBT fiber for crystal velvet made by a composite spinneret plate, and consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections;
(2) according to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, disclosed by the invention, the outer ring monofilaments in the PBT fibers for the crystal velvet are in a three-dimensional self-curling shape through the FDY process, so that the flexibility of the crystal velvet fabric is greatly improved; the inner ring monofilament is a triangular cylinder and has good glossiness;
(3) according to the preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric, the crystal velvet fabric is prepared by interweaving the PBT fibers and the PET fibers for the crystal velvet, and is good in quality and has a certain heat retention property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the shape of a trilobal spinneret orifice of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of the orifices of the present invention on a spinneret.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and such equivalents may fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
The shape of the trilobal spinneret orifices and the distribution schematic diagram of the spinneret orifices on the composite spinneret plate are shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the trilobal spinneret orifices and the triangular spinneret orifices are simultaneously arranged on the composite spinneret plate, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the circle of the outermost circle; the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0: 1.5-2.0: 2.0-2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 2.5-3.5: 1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle.
Fig. 1 and 2 are merely schematic and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding a PBT melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.16dL/g) from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, and cooling by circular blowing; wherein, the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trilobal spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices with the number ratio of 71:29, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the circle of the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.5:2.1, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 3:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle;
(2) preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal velvet; the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 276 ℃, the cooling temperature is 24 ℃, the cooling air speed is 2.15m/s, the first-roller speed is 2000m/min, the first-roller temperature is 67 ℃, the second-roller speed is 3640m/min, the second-roller temperature is 146 ℃, and the winding speed is 3570 m/min;
the prepared PBT fiber for the crystal velvet consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections; the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 2.7cN/dtex, the elongation at break is 50 percent, and the filament number is 0.6 dtex;
(3) taking the PBT fiber yarns for the crystal velvet prepared in the step (2) as warp yarns and taking PET fiber yarns as weft yarns, and interweaving the warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns to form grey cloth; wherein, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 61 wt%;
(4) preparing the crystal velvet fabric by napping (the height of the velvet is controlled to be 5mm), presetting (the temperature is 160 ℃), dyeing, softening agent treatment, shearing and setting (the temperature is 180 ℃);
in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet has the crimping shrinkage rate of 31 percent, the crimping stability of 83 percent, the shrinkage elongation of 77 percent and the crimp elastic recovery rate of 79 percent; the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 251g/m2A stiffness of 4.24 and a thermal resistance of 0.39 K.m2W, gloss 70%.
Example 2
A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding a PBT melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.13dL/g) from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, and cooling by circular blowing; wherein, the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trilobal spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices with the number ratio of 79:21, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the circle of the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.7:2.2, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 2.5:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle;
(2) preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal velvet; the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 272 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20 ℃, the cooling wind speed is 1.95m/s, the first roller speed is 1810m/min, the first roller temperature is 61 ℃, the second roller speed is 3520m/min, the second roller temperature is 141 ℃, and the winding speed is 3450 m/min;
the prepared PBT fiber for the crystal velvet consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections; the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 2.87cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 40 percent, and the filament number is 0.6 dtex;
(3) taking the PBT fiber yarns for the crystal velvet prepared in the step (2) as warp yarns and taking PET fiber yarns as weft yarns, and interweaving the warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns to form grey cloth; wherein, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 64 wt%;
(4) preparing the crystal velvet fabric by napping (the height of the velvet is controlled to be 6mm), presetting (the temperature is 180 ℃), dyeing, softening agent treatment, shearing and setting (the temperature is 200 ℃);
in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet has the crimping shrinkage rate of 33 percent, the crimping stability of 85 percent, the shrinkage elongation of 77 percent and the crimp elastic recovery rate of 83 percent; the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 252g/m2A stiffness of 5.37 and a thermal resistance of 0.4 Km2W, gloss 71%.
Example 3
A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding a PBT melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.15dL/g) from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, and cooling by circular blowing; wherein, the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trilobal spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices with the number ratio of 73:27, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the circle of the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.5:2.3, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 3.5:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle;
(2) preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal velvet; the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 275 ℃, the cooling temperature is 22 ℃, the cooling air speed is 2.1m/s, the first-roller speed is 1890m/min, the first-roller temperature is 66 ℃, the second-roller speed is 3570m/min, the second-roller temperature is 145 ℃, and the winding speed is 3500 m/min;
the prepared PBT fiber for the crystal velvet consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections; the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 2.74cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 47 percent, and the filament number is 0.6 dtex;
(3) taking the PBT fiber yarns for the crystal velvet prepared in the step (2) as warp yarns and taking PET fiber yarns as weft yarns, and interweaving the warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns to form grey cloth; wherein, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 62 wt%;
(4) preparing the crystal velvet fabric by napping (the height of the velvet is controlled to be 5mm), presetting (the temperature is 164 ℃), dyeing, softening agent treatment, shearing and setting (the temperature is 196 ℃);
in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet has the crimping shrinkage of 32 percent, the crimping stability of 81 percent, the shrinkage elongation of 79 percent and the crimp elastic recovery of 82 percent; the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 260g/m2A stiffness of 5.21 and a thermal resistance of 0.43 Km2W, gloss 71%.
Example 4
A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding a PBT melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.12dL/g) from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, and cooling by circular blowing; wherein, the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trefoil spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices with the number ratio of 80:20, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trefoil spinneret orifices are positioned on the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.8:2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 2.6:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle;
(2) preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal velvet; the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 270 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20 ℃, the cooling air speed is 1.8m/s, the speed of one roller is 1800m/min, the temperature of one roller is 60 ℃, the speed of two rollers is 3500m/min, the temperature of two rollers is 140 ℃, and the winding speed is 3430 m/min;
the prepared PBT fiber for the crystal velvet consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections; the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 2.85cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 44%, and the filament number is 0.7 dtex;
(3) taking the PBT fiber yarns for the crystal velvet prepared in the step (2) as warp yarns and taking PET fiber yarns as weft yarns, and interweaving the warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns to form grey cloth; wherein, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 62 wt%;
(4) preparing the crystal velvet fabric by napping (the height of the velvet is controlled to be 5mm), presetting (the temperature is 171 ℃), dyeing, softening agent treatment, shearing and setting (the temperature is 196 ℃);
in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet has the crimping shrinkage rate of 33 percent, the crimping stability of 84 percent, the shrinkage elongation of 79 percent and the crimp elastic recovery rate of 83 percent; the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 250g/m2A stiffness of 5.3 and a thermal resistance of 0.38 K.m2W, gloss 72%.
Example 5
A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding a PBT melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.15dL/g) from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, and cooling by circular blowing; wherein, the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trefoil spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices with the number ratio of 77:23, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trefoil spinneret orifices are positioned on the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.9:2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 3:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle;
(2) preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal velvet; the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 274 ℃, the cooling temperature is 21 ℃, the cooling wind speed is 2.06m/s, the one-roller speed is 1880m/min, the one-roller temperature is 64 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3560m/min, the two-roller temperature is 143 ℃, and the winding speed is 3490 m/min;
the prepared PBT fiber for the crystal velvet consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections; the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 2.73cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 48 percent, and the filament number is 0.7 dtex;
(3) taking the PBT fiber yarns for the crystal velvet prepared in the step (2) as warp yarns and taking PET fiber yarns as weft yarns, and interweaving the warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns to form grey cloth; wherein, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 65 wt%;
(4) preparing the crystal velvet fabric by napping (the height of the velvet is controlled to be 6mm), presetting (the temperature is 164 ℃), dyeing, softening agent treatment, shearing and setting (the temperature is 188 ℃);
in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet has the crimping shrinkage of 32 percent, the crimping stability of 83 percent, the shrinkage elongation of 81 percent and the crimp elastic recovery of 82 percent; the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 252g/m2A stiffness of 4.9 and a thermal resistance of 0.4 Km2W, gloss 73%.
Example 6
A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding a PBT melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.14dL/g) from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, and cooling by circular blowing; wherein, the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trilobal spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices with the number ratio of 78:22, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the circle of the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:1.5:2.0, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 3.1:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle;
(2) preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal velvet; the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 273 ℃, the cooling temperature is 21 ℃, the cooling air speed is 2.02m/s, the first roller speed is 1860m/min, the first roller temperature is 62 ℃, the second roller speed is 3550m/min, the second roller temperature is 143 ℃, and the winding speed is 3480 m/min;
the prepared PBT fiber for the crystal velvet consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections; the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 2.78cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 46%, and the filament number is 0.7 dtex;
(3) taking the PBT fiber yarns for the crystal velvet prepared in the step (2) as warp yarns and taking PET fiber yarns as weft yarns, and interweaving the warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns to form grey cloth; wherein, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 62 wt%;
(4) preparing the crystal velvet fabric by napping (the height of the velvet is controlled to be 6mm), presetting (the temperature is 166 ℃), dyeing, softening agent treatment, shearing and setting (the temperature is 196 ℃);
in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet has the crimping shrinkage rate of 31 percent, the crimping stability of 84 percent, the shrinkage elongation of 82 percent and the crimp elastic recovery rate of 81 percent; the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 259g/m2A stiffness of 4.71 and a thermal resistance of 0.42 Km2W, gloss 73%.
Example 7
A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding a PBT melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.25dL/g) from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, and cooling by circular blowing; wherein, the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trilobal spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices with the number ratio of 70:30, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the circle of the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:2.0:2.4, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 2.9:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle;
(2) preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal velvet; the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 280 ℃, the cooling temperature is 25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 2.3m/s, the one-roller speed is 2000m/min, the one-roller temperature is 70 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3700m/min, the two-roller temperature is 150 ℃, and the winding speed is 3610 m/min;
the prepared PBT fiber for the crystal velvet consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections; the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 2.85cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 44%, and the filament number is 0.8 dtex;
(3) taking the PBT fiber yarns for the crystal velvet prepared in the step (2) as warp yarns and taking PET fiber yarns as weft yarns, and interweaving the warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns to form grey cloth; wherein, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 70 wt%;
(4) sequentially napping (the height of the velvet is controlled to be 5mm), presetting (the temperature is 174 ℃), dyeing, softening agent treatment, shearing and setting (the temperature is 197 ℃) to prepare the crystal velvet fabric;
in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the curling shrinkage rate of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 34 percent, and the roll is madeThe bending stability is 82%, the contraction elongation is 82%, and the crimp elastic recovery is 84%; the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 250g/m2A stiffness of 5.46 and a thermal resistance of 0.38 K.m2W, gloss 74%.
Example 8
A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation method of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet comprises the following steps: extruding a PBT melt (the intrinsic viscosity is 1.16dL/g) from a spinneret orifice on a composite spinneret plate, and cooling by circular blowing; wherein, the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trilobal spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices with the number ratio of 72:28, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the circle of the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0:2.0:2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length ratio of the shortest leaf to the width is 2.9:1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size; the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle;
(2) preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal velvet; the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 275 ℃, the cooling temperature is 23 ℃, the cooling air speed is 2.14m/s, the speed of one roller is 1910m/min, the temperature of one roller is 66 ℃, the speed of two rollers is 3600m/min, the temperature of two rollers is 146 ℃, and the winding speed is 3530 m/min;
the prepared PBT fiber for the crystal velvet consists of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trilobal cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections; the breaking strength of the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is 2.83cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 45 percent, and the filament number is 0.8 dtex;
(3) taking the PBT fiber yarns for the crystal velvet prepared in the step (2) as warp yarns and taking PET fiber yarns as weft yarns, and interweaving the warp yarns and the PET fiber yarns to form grey cloth; wherein, in the grey cloth, the content of the PBT fiber yarn for the crystal velvet is 60 wt%;
(4) preparing the crystal velvet fabric by napping (the height of the velvet is controlled to be 5mm), presetting (the temperature is 168 ℃), dyeing, softening agent treatment, shearing and setting (the temperature is 196 ℃);
in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric, the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet has the crimping shrinkage of 32 percent, the crimping stability of 81 percent, the shrinkage elongation of 82 percent and the crimp elastic recovery of 83 percent; the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 258g/m2A stiffness of 5.23 and a thermal resistance of 0.42 Km2W, gloss 75%.

Claims (8)

1. A preparation method of a crystal velvet fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps: the crystal velvet fabric is prepared by taking PBT fiber yarns for crystal velvet as warps and PET fiber yarns as wefts, interweaving the yarns to form grey cloth, and then sequentially napping, pre-shaping, dyeing, treating with a softening agent, shearing and shaping;
the PBT fiber for the crystal velvet is in a three-dimensional self-crimping shape, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: extruding the PBT melt from spinneret orifices on a composite spinneret plate, cooling by adopting outer ring air blowing, and preparing FDY yarns according to an FDY process to obtain PBT fibers for crystal wool;
the composite spinneret plate is simultaneously provided with trilobal spinneret orifices and triangular spinneret orifices, all the spinneret orifices are distributed in concentric circles, and the trilobal spinneret orifices are positioned on the outermost circle;
the length ratio of three leaves of the same trilobal spinneret orifice is 1.0: 1.5-2.0: 2.0-2.5, the lengths of two long leaves are different, the width ratio of the corresponding three leaves is 1.5:1:1.5, the length-width ratio of the shortest leaf is 2.5-3.5: 1, and the included angle of the central lines of two adjacent leaves is 120 degrees; the three leaves of different trilobal spinneret orifices have the same shape and size;
the center line of the shortest blade of each trilobal spinneret orifice passes through the center of the concentric circle and points away from the center of the concentric circle.
2. The preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric according to claim 1, wherein the content of PBT fiber yarns for crystal velvet in the grey fabric is 60-70 wt%;
in the napping process, the height of the fluff is controlled to be 5-6 mm;
the temperature of the pre-setting process is 160-180 ℃;
the temperature of the shaping process is 180-200 ℃;
the gram weight of the crystal velvet fabric is 250-260 g/m2A stiffness of 4.24 to 5.46cm and a thermal resistance of 0.38 to 0.43 Km2and/W, the glossiness is 70-75%.
3. The preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric according to claim 1, wherein the number ratio of the trefoil spinneret holes to the triangular spinneret holes is 70: 30-80: 20.
4. The preparation method of the crystal wool fabric according to claim 1, wherein the intrinsic viscosity of the PBT melt is 1.12-1.25 dL/g.
5. The preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric according to claim 4, wherein the parameters of the FDY process are as follows: the spinning temperature is 270-280 ℃, the cooling temperature is 20-25 ℃, the cooling air speed is 1.80-2.30 m/s, the one-roller speed is 1800-2000 m/min, the one-roller temperature is 60-70 ℃, the two-roller speed is 3500-3700 m/min, the two-roller temperature is 140-150 ℃, and the winding speed is 3430-3610 m/min.
6. The preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric according to claim 5, wherein the PBT fibers for the crystal velvet are composed of a plurality of PBT monofilaments with trefoil cross sections and a plurality of PBT monofilaments with triangular cross sections.
7. The preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric according to claim 6, wherein in the grey fabric, the breaking strength of the PBT fibers for the crystal velvet is more than or equal to 2.7cN/dtex, the breaking elongation is 45.0 +/-4.0%, and the single-filament fineness is 0.6-0.8 dtex.
8. The preparation method of the crystal velvet fabric according to claim 6, wherein the PBT fibers for the crystal velvet fabric in the finally prepared crystal velvet fabric have the crimping shrinkage of 31-34%, the crimping stability of 80-85%, the shrinkage elongation of 77-82% and the crimp elastic recovery of 79-84%.
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