CN110983326A - Turbine blade laser zoning alloying method based on scanning galvanometer - Google Patents
Turbine blade laser zoning alloying method based on scanning galvanometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN110983326A CN110983326A CN201911357342.8A CN201911357342A CN110983326A CN 110983326 A CN110983326 A CN 110983326A CN 201911357342 A CN201911357342 A CN 201911357342A CN 110983326 A CN110983326 A CN 110983326A
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- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000013316 zoning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013532 laser treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003631 expected effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
A turbine blade laser zoning alloying method based on a scanning galvanometer comprises the following steps: pretreating a part to be treated of the blade, then coating an alloy coating, air-drying, planning a region to be treated in a partition mode along the axial direction of the blade, then filling scanning lines into each partitioned partition, then discretizing and planning the scanning sequence of each partition, independently processing each partition by laser under the control of a galvanometer according to the set scanning lines, sequentially processing each partition according to the processing sequence planned in the discretization mode, and finally finishing alloying of the whole treatment region; the invention utilizes the scanning galvanometer system to control the laser to carry out alloying treatment on the steam inlet edge of the blade according to a set scanning path and strategy, thereby solving the problems of uneven coating, large surface roughness, blade deformation and the like during the laser alloying treatment of the blade and further replacing the mode that the traditional manipulator drives the laser to carry out alloying treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a laser zoning alloying method of a turbine blade based on a scanning galvanometer, which is suitable for laser alloying treatment of a curved surface of the steam inlet edge of the blade and can effectively improve the water erosion resistance of the steam inlet edge of the blade.
Background
The blade is the heart of the steam turbine and is also the key part of the most accidents. Taking the last stage blade as an example, the working environment of the last stage blade is a wet steam area with the humidity of 9% -14%, and a large amount of water drops carried in steam flow erode the blade under the action of high peripheral speed and centrifugal force, so that the steam inlet edge at the top of the blade generates pitting corrosion and fails. Therefore, the working efficiency and the safe operation of the steam turbine are directly influenced by the water erosion resistance of the blades.
The laser alloying technology can effectively improve the cavitation resistance of the blade and prolong the service life of the blade. It mainly utilizes high-energy laser beam to make the surface of base material and alloy element added according to the requirements be quickly melted and mixed at the same time, so that the surface of material can be formed into surface alloyed layer which is based on original base material and possesses required depth and chemical composition.
At present, the laser alloying treatment of the blade is mainly carried out along the steam inlet edge of the blade by driving a laser by a mechanical arm. The following problems often exist in the actual use process:
1) the movement of the laser beam is completed by a numerical control machine tool or a mechanical hand, and the surface quality of the alloying coating is influenced by frequent starting of the machine tool and the shaking of the machine tool;
2) the blade has a complex curved surface, and the uniformity of the prepared alloying layer is difficult to ensure during processing;
3) because the thickness of the blade is thin, the blade is easy to deform due to heat accumulation in the treatment process and cannot be used subsequently;
4) when the curved surface is treated, the flow phenomenon of the molten pool is easy to occur under the influence of gravity, so that the roughness of the alloying layer is increased, and the cavitation resistance of the prepared alloying layer is reduced;
5) the size of the laser output light spot is a fixed value, and the processing flexibility and adaptability of the laser to irregular areas and blades of different sizes are not high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention utilizes the scanning galvanometer system to control laser to carry out alloying treatment on the steam inlet edge of the blade according to a set scanning path and strategy, so that the problems of uneven coating, large surface roughness, blade deformation and the like during the laser alloying treatment of the blade are solved, and the traditional mode that a mechanical arm drives a laser to carry out alloying treatment is further replaced.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a turbine blade laser zoning alloying method based on a scanning galvanometer comprises the following steps:
pretreating a part to be treated of the blade, coating an alloy coating (the coating thickness is controlled to be 0.2-1 mm), after air drying, performing partition planning on the area to be treated along the axis direction of the blade, then filling a scanning line (a path needing to be scanned by laser) in each partitioned partition, then performing discretization planning on the scanning sequence of each partition, independently processing each partition according to a set scanning line by the laser under the control of a galvanometer, and sequentially processing each partition according to the processing sequence planned discretely, thereby finally finishing the alloying of the whole treatment area;
wherein the material of the leaf is 17-4PH for example;
the pretreatment method comprises the steps of grinding, cleaning and air-drying the part to be treated of the blade;
the alloy coating is prepared from an alloy phase, a solvent and a binder in a mass ratio of 1: 1.42-1.48: 0.02-0.08, wherein the alloy phase comprises the following components: 18-22.5%, W: 10.5-13.5%, Mo: 9.5-12.6%, Ni: 5.5-8.5%, Cr: 20-25%, Si: 1-2%, C: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of the total weight of the raw materials, the balance of Fe, absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent and lac as a binder;
the width of the subarea is 0.12-5mm, the minimum width of the subarea is the minimum size of a laser spot, and the maximum width of the subarea is the optimal value for ensuring the quality of the alloying layer; the length of the subareas is 10-100 mm; the laser spot is 0.12-0.19 mm;
the distance between the scanning lines is 0.02-0.06mm, and the scanning mode is snake-shaped scanning;
the discretization plan refers to: numbering the partitions by 1, 2, 3, 4, … … and n (n is an integer) in sequence, and discretizing according to the sequence of intervals i on the basis, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n/2-1(i is an integer); for example: partition 14, block, space 1, then the discrete scan order is "1 → 3 → 5 → 7 → 9 → 11 → 13 → 2 → 4 → 6 → 8 → 10 → 12 → 14";
the technological parameters of laser treatment during processing are as follows: the laser power is 300-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding advantages and effects:
1) the blades are planned in a partition mode and processed respectively, and the uniformity of an alloying layer is fully ensured;
2) through discrete planning, each subarea can be fully radiated, heat accumulation is reduced, and deformation of the processed blade is reduced;
3) the laser galvanometer system is adopted, the laser mainly depends on the galvanometer control to finish high-speed scanning action, and a laser is fixed in the processing process, so that the stability and the processing precision of the laser are improved;
5) the surface quality of the formed alloying layer can be improved by adjusting the distance between the scanning lines;
4) the size of the scanning area can be adjusted according to actual conditions, the flexibility degree of the processing area is improved, the method is very suitable for laser alloying treatment of the curved surface of the blade, and good treatment effect can be achieved on blades with different sizes;
5) the volume of one-time melting is reduced during treatment, so that the phenomenon of flow of a molten pool caused by gravity can be avoided, and the surface roughness of the prepared alloy layer is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the processing principle of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the partition scanning strategy of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional gold phase diagram of an alloying layer prepared according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
1) And (3) carrying out partial pretreatment on the blade to be treated, including grinding, cleaning and drying.
2) Coating an alloy coating on the treated part of the blade, wherein the alloy coating is prepared from an alloy phase, a solvent absolute ethyl alcohol and a binder shellac according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.48: 0.02, and the alloy phase comprises the following components: co: 22.5%, W: 13.5%, Mo: 12.6%, Ni: 5.5%, Cr: 25%, Si: 2%, C: 0.3 percent and the balance of Fe, the thickness of the control layer is 0.7-1mm, and the next step can be carried out after the control layer is completely dried by air.
3) Firstly, the area to be processed is divided into areas along the axial direction of the blade, and the size of each area is 20X 2 mm. And filling scanning lines into the partitions, setting the spacing between the scanning lines to be 0.02mm, and numbering the partitions sequentially.
4) The alloying process is started, the laser power is set to be 1000W, the scanning speed is 1000mm/s, and the discrete scanning sequence is that the interval i is 1 scanning.
The surface of the prepared alloying layer is detected, the surface quality of the alloying layer is good, cracks and a corrugated rough surface do not exist, and meanwhile, the blade basically has no deformation, thereby achieving the expected effect. The alloying layer was observed for metallurgical phase and hardness, and the alloying distribution was uniform as shown in a in FIG. 3, the thickness was 187.74. mu.m, and the average hardness was 726HV0.2The hardness is improved by two times compared with that of the matrix.
Example 2
The alloy coating is prepared from an alloy phase, solvent absolute ethyl alcohol and a binder lac according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.42: 0.08, the alloy phase comprises the following components: co: 18%, W: 10.5%, Mo: 9.5%, Ni: 5.5%, Cr: 20%, Si: 1%, C: 0.1 percent and the balance of Fe, and the thickness of the control layer is 0.2-0.5 mm.
The area to be processed is divided into areas along the axial direction of the blade, and the size of each area is 20 mm multiplied by 5 mm. And filling scanning lines into the partitions, setting the spacing between the scanning lines to be 0.04mm, and numbering the partitions sequentially.
Setting laser parameters as laser power 300W, scanning speed 100mm/s and discrete scanning sequence as interval i-2 scanning.
The other process steps were as in example 1.
The surface of the prepared alloying layer is detected, the surface quality of the alloying layer is good, no crack and no corrugated rough surface exist,meanwhile, the blades basically have no deformation, and the expected effect is achieved. Observing the metallurgical phase and hardness of the alloyed layer, the alloying distribution is uniform as shown in b in figure 3, the thickness is 232.57 μm, and the average hardness is 718HV0.2The hardness is improved by two times compared with that of the matrix.
Example 3
The alloy coating is prepared from an alloy phase, solvent absolute ethyl alcohol and a binder lac according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.45: 0.05, and the alloy phase comprises the following components: co: 20%, W: 12%, Mo: 11.5%, Ni: 7%, Cr: 22.5%, Si: 1.5%, C: 0.2 percent and the balance of Fe, and the thickness of the control layer is 0.4-0.8 mm.
The area to be processed is divided into areas along the axial direction of the blade, and the size of each area is 20 multiplied by 0.12 mm. And filling scanning lines into the partitions, setting the spacing between the scanning lines to be 0.06mm, and numbering the partitions sequentially.
Setting laser parameters as 750W of laser power, scanning speed of 200mm/s and discrete scanning sequence as interval i to 1.
The other process steps were as in example 1.
The surface of the prepared alloying layer is detected, the surface quality of the alloying layer is good, cracks and a corrugated rough surface do not exist, and meanwhile, the blade basically has no deformation, thereby achieving the expected effect. Observing the metallurgical phase and hardness of the alloying layer, the alloying distribution is uniform as shown in c in figure 3, the thickness is 202.25 μm, and the average hardness is 726HV0.2The hardness is improved by two times compared with that of the matrix.
The water erosion test shows that the prepared alloying layer has good water erosion resistance, and the treated workpiece can be improved by about 2-4 times compared with the untreated workpiece.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A turbine blade laser zoning alloying method based on a scanning galvanometer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pretreating a part to be treated of the blade, then coating an alloy coating, air-drying, planning a region to be treated in a partition mode along the axial direction of the blade, then filling scanning lines into each partitioned partition, then discretizing and planning the scanning sequence of each partition, independently processing each partition by laser under the control of a galvanometer according to the set scanning lines, sequentially processing each partition according to the processing sequence planned in the discretization mode, and finally finishing alloying of the whole treatment region;
the width of the subarea is 0.12-5mm, and the length of the subarea is 10-100 mm; the laser spot is 0.12-0.19 mm;
the distance between the scanning lines is 0.02-0.06mm, and the scanning mode is snake-shaped scanning;
the discretization plan refers to: numbering the partitions by 1, 2, 3, 4, … … and n in sequence, discretizing according to the sequence of intervals i on the basis, wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n/2-1, and n and i are integers;
the technological parameters of laser treatment during processing are as follows: the laser power is 300-.
2. The laser zoning alloying method for the steam turbine blade based on the scanning galvanometer of claim 1, wherein the material of the blade is 17-4 PH.
3. The laser zoning alloying method for the steam turbine blade based on the scanning galvanometer of claim 1, wherein the pretreatment method comprises the following steps: and (4) polishing, cleaning and air-drying the part to be processed of the blade.
4. The laser zoning alloying method for the steam turbine blade based on the scanning galvanometer of claim 1, wherein the coating thickness of the alloy coating is controlled to be 0.2-1 mm.
5. The laser zoning alloying method for the steam turbine blade based on the scanning galvanometer of claim 1, wherein the alloy coating is prepared from an alloy phase, a solvent and a binder according to a mass ratio of 1: 1.42-1.48: 0.02-0.08, wherein the alloy phase comprises the following components: 18-22.5%, W: 10.5-13.5%, Mo: 9.5-12.6%, Ni: 5.5-8.5%, Cr: 20-25%, Si: 1-2%, C: 0.1 to 0.3 percent of the total weight of the raw materials, the balance of Fe, absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent and lac as a binder.
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1603052A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser strengthening process for metal leaf |
| CN103692087A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江温医雷赛医用激光科技有限公司 | Method for scanning laser ablation processing based on time-space optimization |
| RU2633688C1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-10-16 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Удмуртский государственный университет" | Method for treating surface of zirconium alloy plate |
| CN107671289A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of process control method of the rare earth modified enhancing aluminium alloy laser 3D printing of low melting loss of elements |
| CN109207905A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-15 | 浙江工业大学 | Nitride laser zoning based on scanning galvanometer for the anti-water erosion layer of titanium alloy blade method and device |
| CN109434107A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-08 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of multipotency beam high efficiency increasing material manufacturing method |
-
2019
- 2019-12-25 CN CN201911357342.8A patent/CN110983326A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1603052A (en) * | 2003-09-29 | 2005-04-06 | 浙江工业大学 | Laser strengthening process for metal leaf |
| CN103692087A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-04-02 | 浙江温医雷赛医用激光科技有限公司 | Method for scanning laser ablation processing based on time-space optimization |
| RU2633688C1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2017-10-16 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Удмуртский государственный университет" | Method for treating surface of zirconium alloy plate |
| CN107671289A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-02-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of process control method of the rare earth modified enhancing aluminium alloy laser 3D printing of low melting loss of elements |
| CN109207905A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-15 | 浙江工业大学 | Nitride laser zoning based on scanning galvanometer for the anti-water erosion layer of titanium alloy blade method and device |
| CN109434107A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-08 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of multipotency beam high efficiency increasing material manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |