CN108890407A - A kind of difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method - Google Patents
A kind of difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108890407A CN108890407A CN201810585854.9A CN201810585854A CN108890407A CN 108890407 A CN108890407 A CN 108890407A CN 201810585854 A CN201810585854 A CN 201810585854A CN 108890407 A CN108890407 A CN 108890407A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing methods, specifically：（1）Determine that grinding heat source needs mobile distance as specific grinding length when reaching or approaching critical burn grinding temperature in grinding process；（2）It is ground within the scope of specific grinding length using Creep feed grinding technique；（3）Within the scope of specific grinding length, using rapid back_and_forth grinding technique, grinding depth used is identical as Creep feed grinding technique, and grinding wheel carries out round-trip grinding motion；When grinding wheel is back to green surface, within the scope of specific grinding length, reuses Creep feed grinding technique and be ground；And so on, oscillating grinding process is formed.Grinding processing method of the present invention can be obviously improved grinding surface quality, can be used for the high efficient grinding of the difficult-to-machine materials such as nickel base superalloy, titanium alloy on the basis of guaranteeing grinding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing methods, especially on the basis for guaranteeing grinding efficiency
On, a method of it being obviously improved the grinding surface quality of the difficult-to-machine materials such as nickel base superalloy, titanium alloy, belongs to mechanical add
Work field.
Background technique
Nickel base superalloy and titanium alloy etc materials because its excellent elevated temperature strength, high thermal stability, creep resistant, resist it is tired
The abilities such as labor, anticorrosive are widely used in manufacturing aero-engine, such as compressor room, combustion chamber, turbo blade, the turbine disk
Equal components.But excellent material property brings many problems to machining, causes nickel base superalloy and titanium alloy etc.
As typical difficult-to-machine material, grinding is one of processing main manufacturing method of these engine components, and frequently as most
Latter procedure, to guarantee high machined surface quality.However, in grinding process, high grinding temperature and thus lead
The sudden grinding burn caused, exacerbates the abrasion of tool, reduces grinding surface quality, this is always headachy asks
Topic.
The method for avoiding the difficult-to-machine materials grinding burn such as nickel base superalloy, titanium alloy is usually to reduce grinding process ginseng
Numerical value, i.e.,：Using low grinding speed, small grinding depth and low grinding and feeding speed, while increasing coolant liquid injection stream
Amount and jet velocity.But thus it is easy to cause grinding efficiency lowly bad with grinding economy, it is answered for promoting grinding process
With playing negative effect.Therefore, it is ground difficult point for difficult-to-machine materials such as existing nickel base superalloy, titanium alloys, developed novel
Grinding process improves grinding tool service life, grinding efficiency and grinding surface quality whereby and has a very important significance.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention：The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of oscillating grinding processing methods of difficult-to-machine material, are guaranteeing
On the basis of grinding efficiency, it is obviously improved the grinding surface quality of the difficult-to-machine materials such as nickel base superalloy, titanium alloy.
Technical solution
A kind of difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method proposed by the present invention, firstly, determine grinding process in reach or
When close to critical burn grinding temperature, grinding heat source needs mobile distance as specific grinding length；Secondly, described specific
It is ground within the scope of grinding length using Creep feed grinding technique；Then, it within the scope of the specific grinding length, uses
Rapid back_and_forth grinding technique, grinding depth used is identical as the Creep feed grinding technique, and grinding wheel carries out round-trip grinding fortune
It is dynamic；When grinding wheel is back to green surface, within the scope of the specific grinding length, the Creep feed grinding is reused
Technique is ground；And so on, oscillating grinding process is formed, specific step is as follows:
(1) Creep feed grinding technological parameter is determined
According to the difficult workpieces processing material and grinding condition of selection, when selecting the critical burn of grinding skin or burning
One group of Creep feed grinding technological parameter, as select technological parameter, the Creep feed grinding technological parameter include mill
Cut speed 1, grinding depth 1, grinding and feeding speed 1.Wherein, the difficult workpieces processing material is nickel base superalloy or titanium
Alloy.
(2) specific grinding length is determined
According to the Creep feed grinding technological parameter selected in step (1), grinding temperature can be obtained by formula (1) and heat source is mobile
Relationship between distance：
In formula (1), θ is temperature rise；qmFor heat source strength；I is the Function Mapping relationship of acquisition of can tabling look-up；X is heat source distance；
C is specific heat capacity；ρ is density；A is thermal diffusivity；vwFor grinding and feeding speed；L is Grinding length；
So that it is determined that when reaching or approaching critical burn grinding temperature in grinding process, grinding heat source need it is mobile away from
From；Select the length less than the moving distance as specific grinding length L.
(3) grinding path is determined
Within the scope of the specific grinding length L that step (2) determine, rapid back_and_forth grinding movement is carried out, when grinding wheel is run to
When green surface, restore to be ground using Creep feed grinding technological parameter in step (1)；When the specific grinding of grinding walking
When length L, grinding wheel starts to go back, and does rapid back_and_forth grinding movement to machined surface, is thusly-formed the grinding of oscillation tarry matter
Path.
Wherein, the technological parameter of rapid back_and_forth grinding movement is grinding speed 2, grinding depth 2, grinding and feeding speed 2.Its
In, grinding speed 2=grinding speed 1, grinding depth 2=grinding depth 1, grinding and feeding speed 2>Grinding and feeding speed 1.
(4) grinding surface quality is evaluated
Grinding surface quality is detected and is evaluated.The assessment parameters of grinding surface quality have：It is grinding skin pattern, thick
Rugosity, residual stress and abrasion of grinding wheel.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following obvious advantages：
The present invention is in grinding process, although grinding depth is larger, effectively prevents grinding using specific grinding length
The grinding burn occurred during cutting.It is comprehensive to use the tools pair such as scanning electron microscope, surface profile detector, residual stress detector
Grinding surface quality evaluation index is detected.Then Comprehensive Correlation and evaluation grinding skin pattern, roughness, residual stress with
And abrasion of grinding wheel etc. is as a result, show that, using grinding processing method of the present invention, grinding skin is not burnt, grinding surface quality
Good, wheel life gets a promotion.Simultaneously as carrying out multiple light using the technological parameter determined in step (3) to grinding skin
Mill, therefore low residual stress grinding skin and high surface integrity can be obtained.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 nickel base superalloy grinding testing ground figure；
The relationship of Fig. 2 grinding temperature and grinding length；
Fig. 3 oscillating grinding process schematic；
The diagram of grinding burn surface microscopic topographic caused by Fig. 4 traditional diamond-making technique, it is seen that obvious material tearing, adherency,
The defects of stain；
Fig. 5 processing method microcosmic appearance formation of machined surface by grinding miller of the present invention, it is seen that processing clean mark straight uniform is not found obvious
Surface defect.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.In grinding process, the difficulties such as nickel base superalloy, titanium alloy
Rapidoprint grinding skin is easy to produce burn, and grinding surface quality is unstable, can by control grinding form and grinding process
It realizes and improves grinding surface quality.
Embodiment 1
A kind of difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method, specific step is as follows：
Step 1：Determine Creep feed grinding technological parameter
Selected workpiece material is nickel base superalloy GH4169, and coolant liquid is water-based emulsion liquid, and grinding wheel is corundum wheel, sand
Wheel diameter is 400mm, and grinding machine is high-speed numeric control grinding machine, and grinding test scene is as shown in Figure 1.Test process includes：
(1) cleaning workpiece；
(2) clamping；Using fixture by nickel base superalloy clamping workpiece in numerically control grinder workbench；
(3) crushing；Corundum wheel surface is modified using individual particle dressing diamond, Dressing parameters of the grinding wheel
For：Speed of grinding wheel 20m/s, it is axial to modify feed speed 300mm/min, radial trim amount 0.01mm/st, total trim amount 0.2mm.
Choosing one group of technological parameter when nickel base superalloy creep feed grinding burn occurs is：Grinding speed 25m/s, mill
Cut depth 1.5mm, grinding and feeding speed 240mm/min.During nickel base superalloy Creep feed grinding, grinding arc area is critical
Point grinding temperature of burning is 130 DEG C.In the present embodiment, can must be ground heat source to need mobile distance by formula (1) is about 8mm.
In formula (1), θ is temperature rise；qmFor heat source strength；I is the Function Mapping relationship of acquisition of can tabling look-up；X is heat source distance；
C is specific heat capacity；ρ is density；A is thermal diffusivity；vwFor grinding and feeding speed；L is Grinding length.
Step 2：Determine specific grinding length
In grinding process, as shown in Fig. 2, grinding temperature variation can be divided into two stages：It is to be ground by room temperature to stable state first
Cut the process of temperature；The process of critical burn or burn grinding temperature completely is followed by reached by stable state grinding temperature.Each rank
Section corresponds to respective grinding length.So, the grinding length before grinding skin is burnt can be used as specific grinding
Length.When not burning in the present embodiment, according to step 1 heat source moving distance, it may be selected suitable for Creep feed grinding
Specific grinding length is 4mm.
Step 3：Determine grinding path
In the present embodiment, rapid back_and_forth grinding technological parameter is:Grinding speed 25m/s, grinding depth 1.5mm, be ground into
Give speed 800mm/min.Specific grinding path is as shown in figure 3, grinding wheel does Creep feed grinding along AB sections first moves；Then,
Grinding wheel, along machined grinding skin, does rapid back_and_forth grinding movement at BC sections；When grinding wheel marches to or when close to C point, that is, exists
CD sections, grinding wheel restores to Creep feed grinding to move；At DE sections, rapid back_and_forth grinding movement is done in grinding wheel recovery；At EF sections, grinding wheel
Same Creep feed grinding movement parameter is used again；At FG sections, grinding wheel uses same rapid back_and_forth grinding movement parameter ...,
So reciprocal processing of oscillation, until grinding process terminates.Wherein, path AB=CD=EF=..., in this section of path, sand are ground
Wheel does Creep feed grinding movement, and grinding process parameters are grinding speed 25m/s, grinding depth 1.5mm, grinding and feeding speed
Spend 240mm/min.It is ground path BC=2AB, DE=2 (AB+CD), FG=2 (AB+CD+EF) ..., in this section of path, grinding wheel
The movement of fast reciprocating tarry matter is done, grinding process parameters are grinding speed 25m/s, grinding depth 1.5mm, grinding and feeding speed
800mm/min。
Step 4：Evaluate grinding surface quality
It is comprehensive using tools such as scanning electron microscope, surface profile detector, residual stress detectors, to traditional diamond-making technique and
The grinding skin that processing method of the present invention obtains carries out quality testing.Wherein, traditional diamond-making technique grinding burn surface topography is such as
Shown in Fig. 4, it is seen that obviously the defects of material tearing, adherency, stain；Such as using grinding processing method surface microscopic topographic of the present invention
Shown in Fig. 5, it is seen that surface finish texture is clear, straight uniform, does not find obvious surface defect.For grinding surface roughness,
Grinding skin residual stress and grinding wheel radial wear, each three groups of test, specific value is shown in Table 1.
1 grinding surface roughness of table, grinding skin residual stress and grinding wheel radial wear test result
It can be seen that being ground nickel base superalloy using processing method of the present invention, surface roughness value is respectively less than 0.5 μm,
Residual-stress value is in 179-208Mpa and is compression, and abrasion of grinding wheel degree is retarded, improves wheel life, and advantage is bright
It is aobvious.
Therefore, it using difficult-to-machine materials such as processing method of the present invention grinding nickel base superalloys, can both be cut by slow depth
It cuts technique and rapid back_and_forth grinding technique guarantees grinding efficiency, improve wheel life；It can be guaranteed again by fast reciprocating tarry matter process
Grinding surface quality, therefore the grinding surface of low residual stress, high surface integrity can be obtained.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
(1) Creep feed grinding technological parameter is determined
According to the difficult workpieces processing material and grinding condition of selection, when selecting the critical burn of grinding skin or burning one
Group Creep feed grinding technological parameter, as technological parameter is selected, the Creep feed grinding technological parameter includes grinding speed
Spend 1, grinding depth 1, grinding and feeding speed 1；
(2) specific grinding length is determined
According to the Creep feed grinding technological parameter selected in step (1), grinding temperature and heat source moving distance can be obtained by formula (1)
Between relationship：
In formula (1), θ is temperature rise；qmFor heat source strength；I is the Function Mapping relationship of acquisition of can tabling look-up；X is heat source distance；C be than
Thermal capacitance；ρ is density；A is thermal diffusivity；vwFor grinding and feeding speed；L is Grinding length；
So that it is determined that grinding heat source needs mobile distance when reaching or approaching critical burn grinding temperature in grinding process；Choosing
The length less than the moving distance is selected as specific grinding length L；
(3) grinding path is determined
Within the scope of the specific grinding length L that step (2) determine, rapid back_and_forth grinding movement is carried out, is not added when grinding wheel is run to
When work surface, restore to be ground using Creep feed grinding technological parameter in step (1)；When the specific grinding length of grinding walking
When L, grinding wheel starts to go back, and does rapid back_and_forth grinding movement to machined surface, is thusly-formed the grinding path of oscillation tarry matter；
(4) detect and evaluate grinding surface quality.
2. difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step (1), the difficulty
Workpieces processing material is nickel base superalloy or titanium alloy.
3. difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that fast reciprocating is ground in step (3)
The technological parameter for cutting movement is grinding speed 2, grinding depth 2, grinding and feeding speed 2；Wherein, grinding speed 2=grinding speed
1, grinding depth 2=grinding depth 1, grinding and feeding speed 2>Grinding and feeding speed 1.
4. difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that in step (4), grinding skin
The assessment parameters of quality have：Grinding skin pattern, roughness, residual stress and abrasion of grinding wheel.
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| CN201810585854.9A CN108890407A (en) | 2018-06-08 | 2018-06-08 | A kind of difficult-to-machine material oscillating grinding processing method |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113386050A (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2021-09-14 | 西北工业大学 | Slow feeding grinding method for nickel-based superalloy IC10 difficult to machine |
| CN116160324A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-05-26 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | High-speed grinding method for single crystal casting superalloy turbine guide vane |
| CN116175348A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-05-30 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | High-speed grinding method for single-crystal superalloy turbine rotor blade |
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| CN116160324A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-05-26 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | High-speed grinding method for single crystal casting superalloy turbine guide vane |
| CN116175348A (en) * | 2023-03-28 | 2023-05-30 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | High-speed grinding method for single-crystal superalloy turbine rotor blade |
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