CN110983098B - Easy-turning copper-titanium-tellurium alloy and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Easy-turning copper-titanium-tellurium alloy and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110983098B CN110983098B CN201911306277.6A CN201911306277A CN110983098B CN 110983098 B CN110983098 B CN 110983098B CN 201911306277 A CN201911306277 A CN 201911306277A CN 110983098 B CN110983098 B CN 110983098B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a copper-titanium-tellurium alloy easy to turn and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: the method comprises the steps of material preparation, melting and refining, horizontal casting, homogenizing annealing, plastic processing and intermediate heat treatment, wherein the tellurium alloy obtained by the method is required to have improved turning performance, and can replace beryllium copper alloy bars to be used for manufacturing electronic component parts with high strength and high conductivity, no magnetism, fatigue and corrosion resistance by using the traditional copper-titanium alloy in the bar and wire shapes, meanwhile, the attenuation of the high-temperature strength of the copper-titanium alloy is reduced by adding tellurium, and the solid solubility of titanium in a copper matrix and the dispersion of a strengthening precipitated phase are improved by adding tellurium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal material processing technology, in particular to a copper-titanium-tellurium alloy easy to turn and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The titanium copper alloy has high strength, high elasticity, excellent heat resistance and fatigue resistance and good bending performance. The copper-titanium alloy is usually applied to raw materials of precision turning parts of aviation, aerospace, communication and medical electronic units because of high heat strength, no magnetism, good corrosion resistance, strength equivalent to that of steel, and weight 57% of the steel.
In the prior art, most of copper-titanium alloys are used by stamping plate strips into parts, and cannot be applied as bar shapes because the material characteristics are difficult to turn, so that beryllium copper with high beryllium content can be used for easily turning alloy bars at present, but because beryllium element is a rare metal and the manufacturing process needs anti-toxic protection, the European Union has made clear that beryllium-containing materials are used in 2020 years, the alloy has a substitution effect on the beryllium-containing materials because of the environmental protection property.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the copper-titanium-tellurium alloy easy to turn and the manufacturing method thereof, which can be used for manufacturing bars, are convenient to turn and increase the flexibility of the alloy in use occasions.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the easily turned copper-titanium-tellurium alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 2.9 to 3.5 percent of titanium, 0.25 to 0.65 percent of tellurium, less than or equal to 0.7 percent (wt) of impurity sum, and the balance of copper.
A method for manufacturing a copper-titanium-tellurium alloy easy to turn comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the copper-titanium intermediate alloy containing 10% of titanium, tellurium and cathode copper according to the proportion range;
(2) continuously casting the molten metal into a bar wire pipe casting blank with the diameter of 8-50 mm;
(3) carrying out uniform diffusion annealing;
(4) after plastic processing, the temperature of softening annealing heat treatment, finished product solution heat treatment and aging precipitation heat treatment is combined, and finally the specification of the finished product is obtained.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the casting in step (2) is horizontal continuous casting.
As a further optimization of the invention, the temperature of the homogenization annealing in the step (3) is 780-850 ℃, and the annealing time is 3-10 h.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the plastic working method in step (4) is one or more of rolling, extrusion, forging, and drawing.
As a further optimization of the invention, in the step (4), the softening annealing heat treatment temperature is 560-700 ℃, the annealing time is 1-2 h, the finished product solution heat treatment temperature is 830-850 ℃, the treatment time is 1-2 h, the temperature of the aging precipitation heat treatment process is 420-470 ℃, and the treatment time is 2-4 h.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the copper-titanium-tellurium alloy easy to turn and the manufacturing method thereof have the following advantages:
1. the beryllium-copper alloy bar is replaced, and beryllium is a rare toxic element;
2. compared with copper-titanium alloy, the alloy with the proportion has better turning performance due to the addition of tellurium;
3. the addition of tellurium reduces the attenuation of the high-temperature strength of the copper-titanium alloy;
4. the addition of tellurium improves the solid solubility of titanium in the copper matrix and enhances the dispersion of the precipitated phase.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the following specific examples.
According to the easily turned copper-titanium-tellurium alloy and the manufacturing method thereof, the wire bar casting blank of the copper-titanium-tellurium alloy is obtained by adopting the implementation steps of material preparation, melting and refining, casting, homogenizing and annealing, plastic processing, intermediate heat treatment and the like through a horizontal continuous casting method, the beryllium-copper alloy bar is replaced by the copper-titanium-tellurium alloy obtained through the method, and the turning performance is better; the addition of tellurium reduces the attenuation of the high-temperature strength of the copper-titanium alloy; the addition of tellurium improves the solid solubility of titanium in the copper matrix and enhances the dispersion of the precipitated phase.
Example 1
(1) Weighing a copper-titanium intermediate alloy containing 10% of titanium, tellurium and cathode copper, wherein the total content of titanium is 2.9%, tellurium is 0.25%, the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.7% (wt), and the balance is copper;
(2) continuously casting the molten metal into a rod-wire pipe casting blank with the diameter of 8 mm;
(3) carrying out uniform diffusion annealing at 780 ℃ for 3 h;
(4) and finally obtaining the specification of the finished product by combining the process temperatures of softening annealing heat treatment, finished product solution heat treatment and aging precipitation heat treatment after rolling processing, wherein the softening annealing heat treatment temperature is 560 ℃, the annealing time is 1h, the finished product solution heat treatment temperature is 830 ℃, the treatment time is 1h, the aging precipitation heat treatment process temperature is 420 ℃ and the treatment time is 2 h.
Example 2
(1) Weighing a copper-titanium intermediate alloy containing 10% of titanium, tellurium and cathode copper, wherein the sum of titanium (3%), tellurium (0.5%), impurities (wt%) is less than or equal to 0.7%, and the balance is copper;
(2) continuously casting the molten metal into a rod-wire pipe casting blank with the diameter of 30 mm;
(3) carrying out uniform diffusion annealing at the temperature of 800 ℃ for 8 h;
(4) the finished product specification is finally formed by combining the process temperatures of softening annealing heat treatment, finished product solution heat treatment and aging precipitation heat treatment after extrusion and forging processing, wherein the softening annealing heat treatment temperature is 600 ℃, the annealing time is 1.5h, the finished product solution heat treatment temperature is 840 ℃, the treatment time is 1.2h, the aging precipitation heat treatment process temperature is 450 ℃, and the treatment time is 3 h.
Example 3
(1) Weighing a copper-titanium intermediate alloy containing 10% of titanium, tellurium and cathode copper, wherein the total content of titanium is 3.5%, tellurium is 0.65%, the total content of impurities is less than or equal to 0.7% (wt), and the balance is copper;
(2) continuously casting the molten metal into a rod-wire pipe casting blank with the diameter of 50 mm;
(3) carrying out uniform diffusion annealing at 850 ℃ for 10 h;
(4) forging and drawing, then combining the process temperatures of softening annealing heat treatment, finished product solution heat treatment and aging precipitation heat treatment, and finally obtaining the specification of the finished product, wherein the softening annealing heat treatment temperature is 700 ℃, the annealing time is 2 hours, the finished product solution heat treatment temperature is 850 ℃, the treatment time is 2 hours, the aging precipitation heat treatment process temperature is 470 ℃, and the treatment time is 4 hours.
Comparison of experiments
The relative turning performance (100 percent based on lead brass H63-3) of the tellurium-containing copper-titanium alloy is 70-82 percent, the cutting performance of the tellurium-free copper-titanium alloy is 15-30 percent, the cutting performance is improved to 250 percent, the softening temperature (high-temperature softening point) is 100-120 percent higher than that of the tellurium-free copper-titanium alloy at 450 ℃, and the tensile strength is improved to 1260MPa from 1100 MPa.
Claims (3)
1. A manufacturing method of a copper-titanium-tellurium alloy easy to turn is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following elements in percentage by mass: 2.9 to 3.5 percent of titanium, 0.25 to 0.65 percent of tellurium, less than or equal to 0.7 percent (wt) of the total amount of impurities and the balance of copper;
(2) continuously casting the molten metal into a bar wire pipe casting blank with the diameter of 8-50 mm;
(3) carrying out uniform diffusion annealing at 780-850 ℃ for 3-10 h;
(4) after plastic processing, the finished product is subjected to softening annealing heat treatment, finished product solution heat treatment and aging precipitation heat treatment, and finally the finished product is in a specification, wherein the softening annealing heat treatment temperature is 560-700 ℃, the annealing time is 1-2 h, the finished product solution heat treatment temperature is 830-850 ℃, the treatment time is 1-2 h, the aging precipitation heat treatment process temperature is 420-470 ℃, and the treatment time is 2-4 h.
2. The manufacturing method of the easy-turning copper-titanium-tellurium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the casting in the step (2) is horizontal continuous casting.
3. The manufacturing method of the easy-turning copper-titanium-tellurium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plastic processing method in the step (4) is one or more of rolling, extruding, forging and drawing.
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