CN109504865B - High-strength titanium-copper alloy special-shaped wire suitable for conductive elastic component and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength titanium-copper alloy special-shaped wire suitable for conductive elastic component and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109504865B CN109504865B CN201811428396.4A CN201811428396A CN109504865B CN 109504865 B CN109504865 B CN 109504865B CN 201811428396 A CN201811428396 A CN 201811428396A CN 109504865 B CN109504865 B CN 109504865B
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Abstract
A high-strength titanium copper alloy special-shaped wire suitable for a conductive elastic component and a preparation method thereof belong to the technical field of titanium copper alloy. The chemical components by mass percent are as follows: 0-0.01% of C, 2.6-3.4% of Ti, 0.001-0.2% of Ce, less than or equal to 0.3% of W + Ta + Fe + Hf, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities. The preparation process comprises the following steps: vacuum smelting, forging, hot rolling, solid solution, cold drawing of round wire, solid solution, cold rolling of profiled wire, straightening, aging, polishing and the like. The final product performance is as follows: the tensile strength is 1130-1230 MPa, the yield strength is 1028-1110 MPa, the thermal conductivity is 92-125W/(m DEG C), the electrical conductivity is 19-27% IACS, the grain size is 5.6-44.9 mu m, the hardness is 320-370 HV, and no crack is formed when the steel is bent at 90 DEG perpendicular to the rolling direction. The alloy profile wire has the advantages that the alloy profile wire has high strength, high heat conductivity and high electric conductivity, and meets the requirements of the conductive elastic component on strength and heat dissipation performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium-copper alloy, and particularly relates to a high-strength titanium-copper alloy special-shaped wire suitable for a conductive elastic component and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ultrahigh-strength copper alloy material is a strategic emerging industry in China, and the ultrahigh-strength elastic copper alloy mainly refers to conductive elastic copper alloy with the tensile strength of more than 1000MPa, and is mainly applied to preparation of conductive elastic components, such as machine instruments, dies, temperature controllers, relays, automobile parts and the like. Beryllium bronze is a typical precipitation strengthening alloy, has a series of advantages of high strength, hardness and elasticity limit, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, low temperature resistance and the like, is widely applied and is known as the king of colored elastic materials. However, beryllium in beryllium bronze is toxic, and the problem of safety in production and use of beryllium bronze cannot be ignored.
Titanium bronze is a novel copper-based precipitation-strengthened elastic alloy appearing at the end of the 50 th century, and researchers of multiple countries develop researches on alloy components, mechanical properties and the like of the titanium bronze, and the titanium bronze is partially used for replacing beryllium bronze to manufacture elastic elements, interconnection devices, wear-resistant parts and the like of precision instruments and meters. At present, the titanium-copper alloy grades mainly comprise HPTC, NKT322 and YCuT-M, YCuT-F. With the development and progress of science and technology, in order to adapt to more and more rigorous working conditions and more complex design structures, the requirements on the shape, the strength, the heat dissipation performance and the like of a conductive elastic component are higher and higher, so that higher requirements on the matching of high strength, high heat conductivity and high conductivity of the titanium-copper alloy are provided: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa, the thermal conductivity is more than or equal to 90W/(m.cndot.), the electric conductivity is more than or equal to 19 percent IACS, and no crack exists when the steel is bent for 90 degrees perpendicular to the rolling direction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-strength titanium copper alloy profiled wire suitable for conductive elastic components and a preparation method thereof, wherein the tensile strength is more than or equal to 1100MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 1000MPa, the heat conductivity coefficient is more than or equal to 90W/(m.DEG C), the conductivity is more than or equal to 19% IACS, and no crack is generated when the wire is bent for 90 DEG perpendicular to the rolling direction. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the high-strength titanium-copper alloy special-shaped wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0-0.01% of C, 2.6-3.4% of Ti, 0.001-0.2% of Ce, less than or equal to 0.3% of W + Ta + Fe + Hf, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities.
C: the addition of the element C, on one hand, the element C is combined with Ti to generate TiC which is dispersed and distributed in a grain boundary, so that the strength of the alloy can be obviously improved; on the other hand, consumption of supersaturated Ti is advantageous for lowering the resistivity of the alloy.
Ce: the addition of Ce element is beneficial to purifying the alloy grain boundary and improving the processing performance of the alloy. W, Ta, Hf and Fe: the addition of trace amounts of W, Ta and Hf can be used as crystal cores to refine crystal grains, so that the solid solution strengthening effect is achieved, the strength of the alloy is further improved, and the addition of Fe improves the processability of the alloy.
The alloy of the invention adopts the following production process: and smelting by adopting a vacuum induction furnace to fully reduce and remove the gas and inclusion content in the alloy. The smelted alloy is subjected to the working procedures of forging, hot rolling, solid solution, round wire cold drawing, solid solution, cold rolling of profiled wire, straightening, aging, polishing and the like to obtain a finished product, and the specific production process is as follows:
(1) vacuum smelting: the relevant raw materials are mixed and then put into a crucible. The alloy refining temperature is 1200-1250 ℃, and the tapping temperature is 1160-1200 ℃;
(2) forging and hot rolling: forging the blank into a square billet with the thickness of (30 multiplied by 30) to (110 multiplied by 110) mm at the temperature of 700-920 ℃; hot rolling the forged square billet at 700-920 ℃ to obtain a wire rod, wherein the total deformation of the hot rolling is 90-99%, and the diameter of the wire rod is phi 7-phi 10 mm; carrying out solid solution on the wire rod at 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-2 h;
(3) cold drawing and solid solution: cold-drawing the wire rod for multiple times and carrying out solid solution to the wire rod to a proper specification; wherein the cold drawing deformation is controlled to be 30-80%; carrying out solid solution treatment on the alloy wires between the cold drawing passes in a protective atmosphere, wherein the solid solution temperature is 700-850 ℃; the heat preservation time is 0.5min to 10 min;
(4) cold rolling the special-shaped wire: processing the solid solution state wire material obtained in the step (3) to a finished product specification (cold rolling state) special-shaped wire through a corresponding hole type roller by solid solution and cold rolling alternately; the cold rolling deformation of the special-shaped wire is 10-40%; the solid solution temperature is 700-850 ℃; the heat preservation time is 0.5min to 10 min;
(5) straightening: straightening the special-shaped wire obtained in the step (4);
(6) aging: aging the special-shaped wire obtained in the step (5), wherein the aging temperature is 350-500 ℃, and the aging time is 1-24 h;
(7) polishing: and (5) polishing the surface of the special-shaped wire according to the requirement.
The alloy strip produced by the method has the tensile strength of 1130-1230 MPa, the yield strength of 1028-1100 MPa, the heat conductivity of 92-125W/(m.DEG C), the electrical conductivity of 19-27% IACS, the grain size of 5.6-44.9 mu m, the hardness of 320-370 HV and no crack when bent 90 degrees perpendicular to the rolling direction. The alloy of the invention has high strength, high thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity, and meets the requirements of the strength and the heat dissipation performance of the conductive elastic component.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a profile wire prepared in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the profile wire prepared in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the profile wire prepared in example 3.
Detailed description of the invention
The technical solution of the present invention will be specifically described below by way of examples.
Example 1:
the alloy comprises the following specific chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.005%, Ti: 2.7%, Ce: 0.05%, W: 0.03%, Fe: 0.16% and the balance Cu and inevitable impurities.
Electrolytic copper with the purity of 99.9 percent, sponge titanium with the purity of 99.9 percent, C, Fe, W and Ce are mixed according to the proportion and then are filled into a crucible. Smelting in a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the alloy refining temperature is 1250 ℃, the tapping temperature is 1200 ℃, and casting into steel ingots. The steel ingot is forged into a square billet of 40 multiplied by 40mm at the temperature of 850 ℃, and is hot-rolled into a wire rod of 8mm phi at the temperature of 900 ℃, and the hot-rolling deformation is 97 percent. And (3) carrying out solid solution treatment on the wire rod after hot rolling, wherein the solid solution temperature is 850 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 h. Then cold-drawing the solid-solution wire to phi 6mm, wherein the cold-drawing deformation is 43.75%; and (3) after the solid solution treatment is carried out at 850 ℃ for 2min, rolling the solid solution wire through a hole type roller, wherein the initial rolling deformation is 30.4%, then carrying out the solid solution treatment at 850 ℃ for 1min, and continuing to carry out the finished product rolling, wherein the cold rolling deformation of the finished product is 15%, and finally obtaining the special-shaped wire shown in figure 1. Then straightening the profile wire, and then carrying out aging treatment at 400 ℃ for 8 h. The alloy special-shaped wire produced by the method has the tensile strength of 1140MPa, the yield strength of 1050MPa, the thermal conductivity of 95W/(m.cndot.), the electrical conductivity of 21 percent IACS, the grain size of 15 mu m, the hardness of 330HV and no crack when bent 90 degrees perpendicular to the rolling direction.
Example 2:
the alloy comprises the following specific chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.003%, Ti: 3.0%, Ce: 0.05%, Ta: 0.04%, Hf: 0.06%, Fe: 0.1% of Cu and inevitable impurities.
Electrolytic copper with the purity of 99.9 percent, sponge titanium with the purity of 99.9 percent, C, Ta, Fe, Hf and Ce are mixed in proportion and then are filled into a crucible. Smelting in a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the alloy refining temperature is 1240 ℃, the tapping temperature is 1180 ℃, and casting into steel ingots. The steel ingot is forged into a square billet with the diameter of 35mm by the heat preservation at the temperature of 840 ℃, and the square billet is subjected to heat preservation and hot rolling at the temperature of 900 ℃, wherein the diameter of a wire rod is 7mm, and the hot rolling deformation is 97%. And (3) carrying out solid solution on the wire rod after hot rolling, wherein the solid solution temperature is 850 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2 hours, carrying out cold drawing after the solid solution, carrying out cold drawing until the diameter is 4.0mm, the cold drawing deformation is 67%, and then carrying out solid solution at 850 ℃ for 2 minutes. The solid solution wire material was rolled by a hole roll to obtain a deformed wire as shown in FIG. 2, the cold rolling deformation of which was 31%. Straightening the special-shaped wire, and then carrying out aging treatment at 450 ℃ for 6 h. The alloy special-shaped wire produced by the method has the tensile strength of 1220MPa, the yield strength of 1105MPa, the thermal conductivity of 120W/(m.cndot.), the electrical conductivity of 25 percent IACS, the grain size of 5.6 mu m, the hardness of 360HV and no crack when bent 90 degrees perpendicular to the rolling direction.
Example 3:
the alloy comprises the following specific chemical components in percentage by mass: the alloy comprises the following specific chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.008%, Ti: 3.2%, W: 0.02%, Ta: 0.03%, Fe: 0.18% of Cu and inevitable impurities.
Electrolytic copper with the purity of 99.9 percent, sponge titanium with the purity of 99.9 percent, C, Ta, Fe, W and Ce are mixed according to the proportion and then are filled into a crucible. Smelting in a vacuum induction furnace, wherein the alloy refining temperature is 1250 ℃, the tapping temperature is 1200 ℃, and casting into steel ingots. The steel ingot is heat-preserved and forged into a square billet with the thickness of 50 multiplied by 50mm at the temperature of 840 ℃, and is heat-preserved and hot-rolled at the temperature of 900 ℃ and is cold-rolled into a wire rod with the diameter of 10mm, and the deformation of the hot rolling is 97 percent. And (3) carrying out solid solution on the wire rod after hot rolling, wherein the solid solution temperature is 850 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1.5h, carrying out cold drawing after the solid solution, carrying out cold drawing until the diameter is 8mm, the cold drawing deformation is 36%, and then carrying out solid solution at 850 ℃ for 3 min. And (3) after annealing, performing cold drawing again until the diameter is 5.66mm and the deformation is 50%, performing solid solution at 850 ℃ for 2min, then performing cold drawing until the diameter is 40mm and the deformation is 50%, and performing solid solution at 850 ℃ for 2 min. Rolling the solid solution round wire into a rectangular wire with the diameter of 2.3mm multiplied by 4.6mm by a hole-shaped roller, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 16%, keeping the temperature at 850 ℃ for 2min, and then rolling the rectangular wire into a special-shaped wire shown in figure 3 by the hole-shaped roller, wherein the cold rolling deformation is 28%. Straightening the special-shaped wire, and then carrying out aging treatment at 480 ℃ for 5 h. The alloy special-shaped wire produced by the method has the tensile strength of 1180MPa, the yield strength of 1075MPa, the thermal conductivity of 110W/(m.cndot.), the electric conductivity of 23 percent IACS, the grain size of 20 mu m, the hardness of 340HV and no crack when bent 90 degrees perpendicular to the rolling direction.
Claims (2)
1. The high-strength titanium copper alloy special-shaped wire suitable for the conductive elastic component is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c0-0.01%, Ti 2.6-3.4%, Ce 0.001-0.2%, W + Ta + Fe + Hf less than or equal to 0.3%, and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities;
the titanium-copper alloy has the following properties: the tensile strength is 1130-1230 MPa, the yield strength is 1028-1100 MPa, the thermal conductivity is 92-125W/(m DEG C), the electrical conductivity is 19-27% IACS, the grain size is 5.6-44.9 mu m, the hardness is 320-370 HV, and no crack is formed when the steel is bent at 90 DEG perpendicular to the rolling direction;
the titanium-copper alloy preparation process comprises the following steps and controlled technical parameters:
(1) vacuum smelting: mixing related raw materials and then putting into a crucible; the alloy refining temperature is 1200-1250 ℃, and the titanium copper alloy discharging temperature is 1160-1200 ℃;
(2) forging and hot rolling: forging the blank into a square billet with the thickness of (30 multiplied by 30) to (110 multiplied by 110) mm at the temperature of 700-920 ℃; hot rolling the forged square billet at 700-920 ℃ to obtain a wire rod, wherein the total deformation of the hot rolling is 90-99%, and the diameter of the wire rod is phi 7-phi 10 mm; carrying out solid solution on the wire rod at 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-2 h;
(3) cold drawing and solid solution: cold-drawing the wire rod for multiple times and carrying out solid solution to the wire rod to a proper specification; wherein the cold drawing deformation is controlled to be 30-80%; carrying out solid solution treatment on the alloy wires between the cold drawing passes in a protective atmosphere, wherein the solid solution temperature is 700-850 ℃; the heat preservation time is 0.5min to 10 min;
(4) cold rolling the special-shaped wire: processing the solid solution state wire material obtained in the step (3) to a finished product specification cold rolling state special-shaped wire through a corresponding hole type roller by solid solution and cold rolling alternately; the cold rolling deformation of the special-shaped wire is 10-40%; the solid solution temperature is 700-850 ℃; the heat preservation time is 0.5min to 10 min;
(5) straightening: straightening the special-shaped wire obtained in the step (4);
(6) aging: aging the special-shaped wire obtained in the step (5), wherein the aging temperature is 350-500 ℃, and the aging time is 1-24 h;
(7) polishing: and (5) polishing the surface of the special-shaped wire.
2. The preparation method of the titanium-copper alloy profile wire as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the technical parameters of the process steps and the control are as follows:
(1) vacuum smelting: mixing related raw materials and then putting into a crucible; the alloy refining temperature is 1200-1250 ℃, and the titanium copper alloy discharging temperature is 1160-1200 ℃;
(2) forging and hot rolling: forging the blank into a square billet with the thickness of (30 multiplied by 30) to (110 multiplied by 110) mm at the temperature of 700-920 ℃; hot rolling the forged square billet at 700-920 ℃ to obtain a wire rod, wherein the total deformation of the hot rolling is 90-99%, and the diameter of the wire rod is phi 7-phi 10 mm; carrying out solid solution on the wire rod at 700-850 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 0.5-2 h;
(3) cold drawing and solid solution: cold-drawing the wire rod for multiple times and carrying out solid solution to the wire rod to a proper specification; wherein the cold drawing deformation is controlled to be 30-80%; carrying out solid solution treatment on the alloy wires between the cold drawing passes in a protective atmosphere, wherein the solid solution temperature is 700-850 ℃; the heat preservation time is 0.5min to 10 min;
(4) cold rolling the special-shaped wire: processing the solid solution state wire material obtained in the step (3) to a finished product specification cold rolling state special-shaped wire through a corresponding hole type roller by solid solution and cold rolling alternately; the cold rolling deformation of the special-shaped wire is 10-40%; the solid solution temperature is 700-850 ℃; the heat preservation time is 0.5min to 10 min;
(5) straightening: straightening the special-shaped wire obtained in the step (4);
(6) aging: aging the special-shaped wire obtained in the step (5), wherein the aging temperature is 350-500 ℃, and the aging time is 1-24 h;
(7) polishing: and (5) polishing the surface of the special-shaped wire.
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| CN113278844B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-05-27 | 国工恒昌新材料沧州有限公司 | High-strength high-elasticity copper-titanium alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN114226489B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-07-25 | 中钢集团郑州精密新材料有限公司 | Processing technology suitable for high-strength special-shaped wire |
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| US20020157741A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-10-31 | Nippon Mining & Metals Co., Ltd. | High strength titanium copper alloy, manufacturing method therefor, and terminal connector using the same |
| CN100540700C (en) * | 2007-10-12 | 2009-09-16 | 苏州有色金属研究院有限公司 | A kind of rare earth titanium-copper alloy and manufacture method thereof |
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