CN110983093A - Gold-based alloy electrical contact material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Gold-based alloy electrical contact material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110983093A CN110983093A CN201911326705.1A CN201911326705A CN110983093A CN 110983093 A CN110983093 A CN 110983093A CN 201911326705 A CN201911326705 A CN 201911326705A CN 110983093 A CN110983093 A CN 110983093A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/02—Alloys based on gold
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gold-based alloy electric contact material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of electric contact. The gold-based alloy electrical contact material comprises, by mass, 20-25% of Ag, 2-5% of Ni, 1-3% of Cu, 0.01-0.3% of Sm, and the balance of Au. The rare earth doped gold-based alloy electrical contact material provided by the invention has the advantages of high elasticity, low hardness, corrosion resistance, long service life, low processing cost and high yield, and can be widely used for spaceflight and aviation potentiometers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric contact, and particularly relates to a gold-based alloy electric contact material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Because the synthetic membrane potentiometer can achieve high linear precision, the synthetic membrane potentiometer is still one of important sensors in an instrument control system at present, and in the potentiometer, an electric brush is a key part for transmitting an electric signal and has great influence on the working reliability.
With the continuous development of modern science and technology, electronic technology and instruments are developing towards high precision, high reliability, high stability, long service life and miniaturization, and the requirements on the precision and reliability of instrument elements are higher and higher. The potentiometer is one of important elements of a precise instrument, wherein the conductive contact brush is one of key components of a product, and directly influences the reliability of product output and the rotation of the potentiometer. These two characteristics are critical to the overall electrical characteristics of the potentiometer, and therefore, it is important to develop a proper brush material. The precise potentiometer brush material has the following requirements: 1. high elasticity: the high elasticity ensures that the potentiometer can keep good contact between the electric film layer and the electric brush in any mechanical movement process, so that the output of the potentiometer is reliable. 2. Low hardness: the low hardness ensures that the film layer of the potentiometer cannot be worn rapidly in the using process, thereby prolonging the service life of the potentiometer. 3. Oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance: the potentiometer can be normally used and accurately output in various use environments.
However, the current electric contact material cannot meet the application requirements of the brush material of the precision potentiometer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a gold-based alloy electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a gold-based alloy electrical contact material comprises, by mass, 20-25% of Ag, 2-5% of Ni, 1-3% of Cu, 0.01-0.3% of Sm, and the balance Au.
The preparation method of the gold-based alloy electrical contact material comprises the steps of smelting, casting and forming, rolling heat treatment and strip finished product heat treatment, and the gold-based alloy strip is prepared.
The preparation method of the gold-based alloy electrical contact material comprises the steps of smelting, casting and forming, rolling heat treatment, drawing heat treatment and wire finished product heat treatment, and the gold-based alloy wire is prepared.
The smelting in the preparation method of the gold-based alloy strip and the gold-based alloy wire comprises the following steps: the Au-Ag-Ni-Cu alloy is firstly smelted in vacuum, and then Sm is added into the melt for refining and degassing.
Further, vacuumizing the smelting chamber, smelting Au-Ag-Ni-Cu alloy in a vacuum induction intermediate frequency furnace according to the components of 20-25% of Ag, 2-5% of Ni, 1-3% of Cu, 0.01-0.3% of Sm and the balance of Au, and adding Sm into the melt through a hopper by reducing current after metals are completely molten, so that volatilization of trace elements Sm can be reduced, and the Sm can be uniformly distributed in the melt; and finally refining and degassing in a molten state to improve the compactness of the cast ingot.
The rolling in the preparation method of the gold-based alloy strip and the gold-based alloy wire is cold rolling, and the pass deformation is 2-5%; the rolling heat treatment comprises the following steps: when the rolling reduction rate reaches 70-90%, the vacuum annealing treatment is carried out at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 20-50 min.
In the preparation method of the gold-based alloy strip, the heat treatment of the finished strip is vacuum annealing treatment at the temperature of 300-500 ℃ for 10-25 min.
In the preparation method of the gold-based alloy wire, the pass deformation of drawing is 5-10%.
In the preparation method of the gold-based alloy wire, the drawing heat treatment comprises the following steps: when the drawing processing rate reaches 50-70%, the vacuum annealing treatment is carried out at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 20-30 min.
In the preparation method of the gold-based alloy wire, the heat treatment of the finished wire product is vacuum annealing treatment at the temperature of 300 ℃ and the temperature of 20-60 seconds.
The tensile strength of the gold-based alloy strip prepared by the preparation method of the gold-based alloy strip is 700-900 MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 5%, and the Vickers hardness is 200-250 kgf/mm2Modulus of elasticity 10X 104～12×104MPa。
The gold-based alloy wire prepared by the preparation method of the invention has the tensile strength of 700-900 MPa, the elongation of more than or equal to 5 percent and the Vickers hardness of 200-240 kgf/mm2Modulus of elasticity 10X 104～12×104MPa。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention enhances the alloy strength and improves the wear resistance by adding the trace element Sm.
(2) The rare earth doped gold-based alloy electrical contact material Sm provided by the invention has the advantages of uniform content, high elasticity, low hardness, corrosion resistance, long service life, low processing cost and high yield, can meet the requirements of a potentiometer brush wire material for aerospace use, and has the characteristics of small and stable contact resistance, good contact reliability, low noise and wear resistance, and can remarkably improve the performance and stability of a potentiometer.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a gold-based alloy electrical contact material and a preparation method thereof, and the invention is further explained by combining embodiments and drawings.
Example 1
Preparing the rare earth doped gold-based alloy strip according to the following steps:
(1) melting
Vacuumizing a smelting chamber, smelting Au-Ag-Ni-Cu alloy in a vacuum induction intermediate frequency furnace according to the composition of 21% of Ag, 2.5% of Ni, 2% of Cu, 0.01% of Sm and the balance of Au, reducing current to add the Sm into a melt through a charging hopper after the metal is completely molten, and finally refining and degassing in a molten state to improve the density of the cast ingot.
(2) Casting and forming to prepare an alloy ingot;
(3) rolling and rolling heat treatment
And (3) cold rolling the alloy ingot obtained in the step (2), and performing vacuum annealing treatment at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 30min when the processing rate reaches 70% in the rolling process.
(4) Heat treatment of finished strip
The vacuum annealing treatment temperature of the finished product heat treatment is controlled at 300 ℃ for 25min, and the gold-based alloy strip meeting the requirements is produced.
The tensile strength of the gold-based alloy strip obtained in example 1 was 800MPa, the elongation thereof was 8%, and the Vickers hardness thereof was 220kgf/mm2Elastic modulus 11.0X 104MPa。
Example 2
Preparing the rare earth doped gold-based alloy wire according to the following steps:
(1) melting
Vacuumizing a smelting chamber, smelting Au-Ag-Ni-Cu alloy in a vacuum induction intermediate frequency furnace according to the composition of 23% of Ag, 3.5% of Ni, 1.0% of Cu, 0.2% of Sm and the balance of Au, reducing current to add the Sm into a melt through a charging hopper after metals are completely molten, and refining and degassing in a molten state to improve the density of an ingot.
(2) Casting and forming to prepare an alloy ingot;
(3) rolling and rolling heat treatment
And (3) carrying out vacuum annealing treatment for 20-50min when the processing rate reaches 70-90% in the rolling process by adopting the alloy ingot obtained in the cold rolling step (2).
(4) Drawing, drawing Heat treatment
Drawing wires by using a wire drawing machine, and carrying out vacuum annealing treatment at 600 ℃ for 20min when the processing rate of the wires reaches 50% in the wire processing process;
(5) heat treatment of wire material
Annealing the finished wire material in a continuous annealing furnace for vacuum annealing treatment at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 30 seconds; the gold-based alloy wire meeting the requirements is produced.
The rare earth-doped gold-based alloy wire obtained in example 2 had a tensile strength of 800MPa, an elongation of 6%, and a Vickers hardness of 210kgf/mm2Modulus of elasticity of 10X 104～12×104MPa。
Example 3
Preparing the rare earth doped gold-based alloy strip according to the following steps:
(1) melting
Vacuumizing a smelting chamber, smelting Au-Ag-Ni-Cu alloy in a vacuum induction intermediate frequency furnace according to the components of 25% of Ag, 3.5% of Ni, 3% of Cu, 0.3% of Sm and the balance of Au, reducing current to add the Sm into a melt through a charging hopper after the metal is completely molten, and refining and degassing in a molten state to improve the density of the cast ingot.
(2) Casting and forming to prepare an alloy ingot;
(3) rolling and rolling heat treatment
And (3) carrying out cold rolling on the alloy ingot obtained in the step (2), and carrying out vacuum annealing treatment at the temperature of 500 ℃ for 50min when the processing rate reaches 90% in the rolling process.
(4) Heat treatment of finished strip
The heat treatment of the finished product of the strip adopts vacuum annealing treatment, the temperature is controlled at 500 ℃, the time is 10min, and the gold-based alloy strip meeting the requirements is produced.
The tensile strength of the gold-based alloy strip obtained in example 3 was 860MPa, the elongation thereof was 7%, and the Vickers hardness thereof was 230kgf/mm2Elastic modulus 11.3X 104MPa。
Claims (10)
1. The gold-based alloy electrical contact material is characterized by comprising, by mass, 20-25% of Ag, 2-5% of Ni, 1-3% of Cu, 0.01-0.3% of Sm and the balance of Au.
2. The method for preparing a gold-based alloy electrical contact material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of smelting, casting, rolling heat treatment and strip finished product heat treatment, and the gold-based alloy strip is prepared.
3. The method for preparing a gold-based alloy electrical contact material as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of melting, cast molding, rolling heat treatment, drawing heat treatment, and heat treatment of a wire finished product to prepare a gold-based alloy wire.
4. The method of manufacturing according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the smelting is: the Au-Ag-Ni-Cu alloy is firstly smelted in vacuum, and then Sm is added into the melt for refining and degassing.
5. The preparation method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the rolling is cold rolling, and the pass deformation is 2-5%; the rolling heat treatment comprises the following steps: when the rolling reduction rate reaches 70-90%, the vacuum annealing treatment is carried out at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 20-50 min.
6. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the heat treatment of the finished strip is performed by vacuum annealing at 500 ℃ for 10-25 min.
7. The preparation method according to claim 3, wherein the pass deformation of the drawing is 5-10%; the drawing heat treatment comprises the following steps: when the drawing processing rate reaches 50-70%, the vacuum annealing treatment is carried out at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 20-30 min.
8. The preparation method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heat treatment of the wire finished product is a vacuum annealing treatment at 500 ℃ for 20-60 seconds at 300-.
9. The method according to claim 2, wherein the gold-based alloy strip has a tensile strength of 700 to 900MPa, an elongation of 5% or more, and a Vickers hardness of 200 to 250kgf/mm2Modulus of elasticity 10X 104～12×104MPa。
10. The production method according to claim 3, wherein the gold-based alloy wire has a tensile strength of 700 to 900MPa, an elongation of not less than 5%, and a Vickers hardness of 200 to 240kgf/mm2Elastic modulus of 10X 104～12×104MPa。
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112725653A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-30 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | Novel high-plasticity gold-based electric brush material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112813296A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-18 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of AuPdFeIr alloy wire electrical contact material |
| CN112981165A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-18 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | Gold-copper-gadolinium alloy used as light-load electric contact material, wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN113235031A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-10 | 西安理工大学 | Deformation aging method for improving mechanical property of Au-20Ag-10Cu |
| CN115029578A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-09 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | High-strength bonding alloy belt and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112725653A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-30 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | Novel high-plasticity gold-based electric brush material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112813296A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-05-18 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of AuPdFeIr alloy wire electrical contact material |
| CN112981165A (en) * | 2021-02-06 | 2021-06-18 | 贵研铂业股份有限公司 | Gold-copper-gadolinium alloy used as light-load electric contact material, wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN113235031A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-08-10 | 西安理工大学 | Deformation aging method for improving mechanical property of Au-20Ag-10Cu |
| CN115029578A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-09-09 | 有研亿金新材料有限公司 | High-strength bonding alloy belt and preparation method thereof |
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