CN110982136A - 一种超低温保温发泡材料 - Google Patents

一种超低温保温发泡材料 Download PDF

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CN110982136A
CN110982136A CN201911366889.4A CN201911366889A CN110982136A CN 110982136 A CN110982136 A CN 110982136A CN 201911366889 A CN201911366889 A CN 201911366889A CN 110982136 A CN110982136 A CN 110982136A
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袁勇
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Abstract

本发明提供的一种超低温保温发泡材料，至少由以下重量份的组份制成：至少由以下重量份的组份制成：NBR 15‑20份、EVA 10‑15份、可发性聚丙乙烯2‑5份、阻燃剂6‑8份、空心微球5‑15份、可再分散乳胶粉VAE 5‑10份、聚乙二醇1‑2份、聚丙烯纤维4‑6份、硅酸钠5‑10份、玻璃纤维5‑8份、早强剂1‑2份、Ca/Zn热稳定剂1‑2份、发泡剂4‑6份、滑石粉2‑4份、耐低温增强剂5‑15份。本发明提供的超低温保温发泡材料隔热效果好，保温效果好，能够耐极低温，具有较好的耐候性，适于应用于恶劣环境下。

Description

一种超低温保温发泡材料
技术领域
本发明属于材料领域，特别涉及一种超低温保温发泡材料。
背景技术
随着能源消耗的日益增加，有效利用能源和节约能源已经成为全人类关注的最重要问题之一。自20世纪90年代以来，我国出台《节能法》并制定了一系列节能法规，对节能提出了具体的标准和要求。传统的建筑发泡保温材料，以泡沫材料为主要、再加上粘合剂之类，其不足之处在于，强度较低，不抗压，抗冲压能力小、易老化，不耐用，综合成本高。
发泡保温材料一般是指导热系数小于或等于0.2的材料，发泡保温材料发展很快，在工业和建筑中采用良好的保温技术与材料往往可以起到事半功倍的效果。发泡保温材料具有密度小、柔韧性高、防水等特性，可收集多余热量，随意性好，无空腔，可避免负风压撕裂和脱落。发泡保温材料一般分为无机类和有机类两种。有机类发泡保温材料主要有聚氨酯泡沫、聚苯板、酚醛泡沫等。无机发泡保温材料主要集中在气凝胶毡、玻璃棉、岩棉、膨胀珍珠岩、微纳隔热板等具有一定保温效果的材料，能够达到A级防火。
橡塑(NBR/PVC)发泡保温材料以耐磨、耐热及阻燃性能优异的丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯等为主要原料，加入发泡剂经过密炼、发泡而成，系含有大量微小独立气泡的柔性泡沫绝热材料。可广泛用于中央空调、建筑、化工、医药、轻纺、冶金、船舶、电气等领域各类冷热介质管道、容器保温，能达到降低冷、热损耗的优良效果，亦可加工制作健身器材、医疗器械及日用品的把套、护套等。然而，目前橡塑发泡发泡保温材料耐候性仍然不足。
发明内容
技术问题：为了解决现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供了一种超低温保温发泡材料。
技术方案：本发明提供的一种超低温保温发泡材料，至少由以下重量份的组份制成：NBR 15-20份、EVA 10-15份、可发性聚丙乙烯2-5份、阻燃剂6-8份、空心微球5-15份、可再分散乳胶粉VAE 5-10份、聚乙二醇1-2份、聚丙烯纤维4-6份、硅酸钠5-10份、玻璃纤维5-8份、早强剂1-2份、Ca/Zn热稳定剂1-2份、发泡剂4-6份、滑石粉2-4份、耐低温增强剂5-15份，所述耐低温增强剂的结构如式(I)所示：
Figure BDA0002338658020000021
优选地，所述超低温保温发泡材料，至少由以下重量份的组份制成：NBR 18份、EVA12份、可发性聚丙乙烯4份、阻燃剂7份、空心微球10份、可再分散乳胶粉VAE 8份、聚乙二醇1.5份、聚丙烯纤维4.5份、硅酸钠8份、玻璃纤维7份、早强剂1.5份、Ca/Zn热稳定剂1.5份、发泡剂5份、滑石粉3份、耐低温增强剂10份。
优选地，所述超低温保温发泡材料，所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分：SiO260-80份，Al2O3：30-40份，K2O：6-8份，CaO 2-4份，B2O3 6-8份。
优选地，超低温保温发泡材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)耐低温增强剂的制备：在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下，将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应，制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯；在惰性气体的保护、350～400℃下，将烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在催化剂作用下反应，冷却后真空干燥即得；烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶(1～1.2)；
(2)将NBR、EVA、可发性聚丙乙烯、Ca/Zn热稳定剂投入密炼机进行高温密炼，温度为150～160℃，时间为8～12min；降温至90-110℃，恒温条件下，再加入阻燃剂、空心微球1、可再分散乳胶粉VAE、聚乙二醇、聚丙烯纤维、硅酸钠、玻璃纤维、早强剂、滑石粉、烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯，混炼10-20min，出料至发泡炉内，加入发泡剂、滑石粉，130-150℃下发泡15-45min，即得。
有益效果：本发明提供的超低温保温发泡材料隔热效果好，保温效果好，能够耐极低温，具有较好的耐候性，适于应用于恶劣环境下。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明作出进一步说明。
实施例1
耐候性强的发泡保温材料，至少由以下重量份的组份制成：NBR 18份、EVA 12份、可发性聚丙乙烯4份、阻燃剂7份、空心微球10份、可再分散乳胶粉VAE 8份、聚乙二醇1.5份、聚丙烯纤维4.5份、硅酸钠8份、玻璃纤维7份、早强剂1.5份、Ca/Zn热稳定剂1.5份、发泡剂5份、滑石粉3份、耐低温增强剂10份，所述耐低温增强剂的结构如式(I)所示：
Figure BDA0002338658020000031
所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分：SiO2 70份，Al2O3：35份，K2O：7份，CaO3份，B2O3 7份。
上述耐候性强的发泡保温材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
优选地，超低温保温发泡材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)耐低温增强剂的制备：在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下，将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应，制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯；在惰性气体的保护、350～400℃下，将烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在催化剂作用下反应，冷却后真空干燥即得；烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶(1～1.2)；
(2)将NBR、EVA、可发性聚丙乙烯、Ca/Zn热稳定剂投入密炼机进行高温密炼，温度为150～160℃，时间为8～12min；降温至90-110℃，恒温条件下，再加入阻燃剂、空心微球1、可再分散乳胶粉VAE、聚乙二醇、聚丙烯纤维、硅酸钠、玻璃纤维、早强剂、滑石粉、烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯，混炼10-20min，出料至发泡炉内，加入发泡剂、滑石粉，130-150℃下发泡15-45min，即得。
实施例2
耐候性强的发泡保温材料，至少由以下重量份的组份制成：NBR15份、EVA 15份、可发性聚丙乙烯5份、阻燃剂6份、空心微球15份、可再分散乳胶粉VAE 5份、聚乙二醇1份、聚丙烯纤维6份、硅酸钠5份、玻璃纤维8份、早强剂1份、Ca/Zn热稳定剂1份、发泡剂6份、滑石粉2份、耐低温增强剂5份。
所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分：SiO2 80份，Al2O3：30份，K2O：8份，CaO2份，B2O3 8份。
其制备方法与实施例1相同。
实施例3
耐候性强的发泡保温材料，至少由以下重量份的组份制成：NBR 20份、EVA 10份、可发性聚丙乙烯2份、阻燃剂8份、空心微球5份、可再分散乳胶粉VAE10份、聚乙二醇2份、聚丙烯纤维4份、硅酸钠10份、玻璃纤维5份、早强剂2份、Ca/Zn热稳定剂2份、发泡剂4份、滑石粉4份、耐低温增强剂15份。
所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分：SiO2 60份，Al2O3：40份，K2O：6份，CaO4份，B2O3 6份。
其制备方法与实施例1相同。

Claims (4)

1.一种超低温保温发泡材料，其特征在于：至少由以下重量份的组份制成：NBR 15-20份、EVA 10-15份、可发性聚丙乙烯2-5份、阻燃剂6-8份、空心微球5-15份、可再分散乳胶粉VAE 5-10份、聚乙二醇1-2份、聚丙烯纤维4-6份、硅酸钠5-10份、玻璃纤维5-8份、早强剂1-2份、Ca/Zn热稳定剂1-2份、发泡剂4-6份、滑石粉2-4份、耐低温增强剂5-15份，所述耐低温增强剂的结构如式(I)所示：
Figure FDA0002338658010000011
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低温保温发泡材料，其特征在于：至少由以下重量份的组份制成：NBR 18份、EVA 12份、可发性聚丙乙烯4份、阻燃剂7份、空心微球10份、可再分散乳胶粉VAE 8份、聚乙二醇1.5份、聚丙烯纤维4.5份、硅酸钠8份、玻璃纤维7份、早强剂1.5份、Ca/Zn热稳定剂1.5份、发泡剂5份、滑石粉3份、耐低温增强剂10份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种超低温保温发泡材料，其特征在于：所述空心微球为包括以下重量份数组分：SiO2 60-80份，Al2O3：30-40份，K2O：6-8份，CaO 2-4份，B2O3 6-8份。
4.权利要求1所述的一种超低温保温发泡材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(1)耐低温增强剂的制备：在惰性气体的保护、室温条件下，将氯硅烷和膦酸二甲酯反应，制得烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯；在惰性气体的保护、350～400℃下，将烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺在催化剂作用下反应，冷却后真空干燥即得；烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯与三聚氰胺的摩尔比为1∶(1～1.2)；
(2)将NBR、EVA、可发性聚丙乙烯、Ca/Zn热稳定剂投入密炼机进行高温密炼，温度为150～160℃，时间为8～12min；降温至90-110℃，恒温条件下，再加入阻燃剂、空心微球1、可再分散乳胶粉VAE、聚乙二醇、聚丙烯纤维、硅酸钠、玻璃纤维、早强剂、滑石粉、烷基硅基膦酸二甲酯，混炼10-20min，出料至发泡炉内，加入发泡剂、滑石粉，130-150℃下发泡15-45min，即得。
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