CN110981593A - Vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture and application method thereof - Google Patents
Vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a vegetable high-temperature stress regulating and controlling mixture, which comprises the following raw material components in percentage by weight: salicylic acid: 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent; brassinolide: 0.02% -0.05%; urea: 0.3 to 0.5 percent; gamma-aminobutyric acid: 0.05 percent to 0.1 percent; glucose: 0.3 to 0.5 percent; mepiquat chloride: 0.02% -0.08%; potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1 to 0.5 percent; sugar alcohol boron: 0.07 percent to 0.1 percent; sugar alcohol iron: 0.07 percent to 0.1 percent; sugar alcohol calcium: 0.08 to 0.1 percent; zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O): 0.1 to 0.3 percent; agricultural organosilicon spreader: 0.1 percent; water: 97.42 to 98.74 percent, and the regulating and controlling mixture prepared by the invention can obviously improve the activity of the protective enzyme and reduce the content of Malonaldehyde (MDA) to 1.62 to 1.67 mu mol‑1FW can also improve photosynthesis of leaves, prevent and treat element absorption disorder, high temperature plant nutrient deficiency, vegetable root system aging, root system activity reduction, etc., reduce abnormal fruit rate, and increase yield and quality of overwintering vegetables.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control, and particularly relates to a vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture and an application method thereof.
Background
High temperature stress is an important environmental restriction factor for over-summer vegetables in north and south. Vegetables, especially cool vegetables such as green Chinese onion, celery, cabbage, Chinese cabbage and the like, have growth disorders under the stress of light temperature, medium temperature and high temperature of 30-35 ℃, and the plant damage degree is increased under the severe stress of 38 ℃. The main performance is as follows: under high temperature stress, the metabolism of active oxygen in organs such as leaves is enhanced, the peroxidation of cell lipid membranes is enhanced, the membrane structure is damaged, and the cell function is reduced; damage to the vegetable photosynthetic system to different degrees, resulting in carbon and nitrogen metabolic disorder, chlorophyll synthesis inhibition, chlorophyll degradation acceleration, leaf yellowing, growth slowing, and leaf dehydration and curling till wilting and plant death; the root system aging is accelerated, the absorption performance is reduced, and element absorption is obstructed, which is shown in the condition that elements such as calcium, boron and the like are deficient; the method has adverse effects on the reproductive growth of vegetables, and is characterized by abnormal flower bud differentiation, reduced pollen activity, poor fertilization and easy generation of malformed fruits.
At present, chemical regulation and control of high-temperature stress of vegetables mainly focus on research of application effects of single components. The single components of salicylic acid, calcium chloride, paclobutrazol and the like have the effect of stabilizing the plant membrane at high temperature and can relieve the high-temperature harm of plants. The action principle of the plant growth regulator is mainly used for regulating and controlling the generation and elimination balance of active oxygen metabolism of plants at high temperature, and the active oxygen is eliminated and the peroxidation level of cell lipid membranes is reduced by improving the activity of protective enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, so that the high-temperature damage is relieved or the high-temperature tolerance of the plants is improved.
According to the breeding intelligence test method, the fruiting intelligence test method and the like (2018), the miniature Chinese rose is used as a test material, and the research shows that the activity of leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and ascorbate can be remarkably improved by spraying 2.0mmol/L Salicylic Acid (SA) on the leaf surface at the high temperature of 36 ℃, the accumulation of Malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the improvement of relative conductivity are effectively inhibited, and therefore the heat resistance of the miniature Chinese rose under the high-temperature stress is improved.
Zhao Chuan le (2018) research shows that dahlia is treated with salicylic acid 0.5 mmol.L-1 at 35 deg.c/30 deg.c and sprayed with 100 mg.L onto leaf surface-1Paclobutrazol and 25 mg.L-1The uniconazole can obviously improve the activities of superoxide dismutase, Peroxidase (POD) and catalase, reduce the content of malondialdehyde and improve the heat resistance of dahlia. The treatment effect of the 3 exogenous substances of paclobutrazol and uniconazole is better.
The gold major (2018) research shows that the concentration of the compound is 1.0 mmol.L at the high temperature of 38 DEG C-1The SA treatment of the trollius chinensis bunge can promote the accumulation of the activity of soluble protein and superoxide dismutase in leaves, the relative conductivity and the content of malondialdehyde are reduced, and the total content of free proline and chlorophyll and the content of soluble sugar are increased, so that the high-temperature injury is relieved.
Wan Zuifeng et al (2018) spray 3 exogenous regulating substances including ascorbic acid, calcium chloride and salicylic acid on leaf surface of potted dark orange fruit, place in an environment-controlled growth chamber for high-temperature treatment at 38 deg.C, find that 3 substances can remarkably reduce the content of active oxygen and malondialdehyde, improve the content of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in pericarp tissues and the content of ascorbic acid and glutathione, reduce the peroxidation degree of membrane lipid, and have a relieving effect on the high-temperature stress of citrus fruit.
The research of Liangyongfu (2018) shows that the leaf surface spraying of salicylic acid can promote the accumulation of the proline and the soluble protein of the polygonatum sibiricum leaves, improve the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and peroxyl oxidase, reduce the generation rate of active oxygen and the content of hydrogen peroxide, reduce the content of malondialdehyde and the relative conductivity, and enhance the capability of the polygonatum sibiricum to resist the damage of high-temperature and strong-light stress.
However, the prior art still has the following disadvantages in solving the problem of high temperature stress:
1) the prior art can not effectively overcome the problems of unbalanced metabolism of plant active oxygen and unbalanced osmotic adjustment of cells at high temperature;
2) the damage of the high-temperature stress to a plant photosynthetic system, which causes element absorption obstacle, plant high-temperature nutrient deficiency, vegetable root aging, root activity reduction and other diseases cannot be solved;
3) the problems of abnormal flower bud differentiation, pollen activity reduction, poor insemination and fruit malformation at high temperature exist;
4) in the prior art, high-temperature stress regulating and controlling substances mainly aim at crops such as fruit trees, garden plants, flowers and Chinese medicaments, and relate to less overwintering and cool-enjoying vegetables planted in large areas in the south and the north.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at solving the problems in the prior art and aiming at the high temperature stress existing in the key development stage in the production process of vegetables in the south and north of China in summer, in particular to the climate characteristics of different seasons of rain and heat in the north, the invention provides a vegetable high temperature stress regulating and controlling mixture and an application method thereof, so as to realize the following purposes:
1. the activity of the protective enzyme is improved, and active oxygen is efficiently removed;
2. the photosynthetic performance of the leaves is improved;
3. the malformed fruit rate is reduced;
4. improve the product quality and yield
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the raw material components of the vegetable high-temperature stress regulating and controlling mixture comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
salicylic acid: 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent;
brassinolide: 0.02% -0.05%;
urea: 0.3 to 0.5 percent;
gamma-aminobutyric acid: 0.05 percent to 0.1 percent;
glucose: 0.3 to 0.5 percent;
mepiquat chloride: 0.02% -0.08%;
potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1 to 0.5 percent;
sugar alcohol boron 0.1%: 0.07 percent to 0.1 percent;
sugar alcohol iron: 0.07 percent to 0.1 percent;
sugar alcohol calcium: 0.08 to 0.1 percent;
zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O）：0.1%～0.3%；
Agricultural organosilicon spreader: 0.1 percent;
water: 97.42 percent to 98.74 percent;
the preparation method of the regulating mixture comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing raw materials according to the mass ratio of each component, uniformly mixing, stirring and dissolving in a proper amount of water to prepare a mother solution, uniformly stirring the mother solution, and adding water to dilute the mother solution into a solution with a required concentration;
the application method of the high-temperature stress control mixture comprises the following steps:
for leaf vegetables subjected to plug seedling in high-temperature seasons, in a key growth and development stage during seedling culture, for example, the first leaf surface of the green Chinese onion is sprayed with a regulating and controlling mixture with the dosage of 40 kg/mu in about 30 days after seedling emergence, and the leaf surface of the green Chinese onion is sprayed with the regulating and controlling mixture for 1 time after 7-10 days with the dosage of 40 kg/mu;
the leaf vegetables planted in high-temperature seasons can be sprayed with the high-temperature adversity regulating and controlling mixture for 1 time on the leaf surfaces 7-10 days after planting and seedling postponing, the dosage is 40 kg/mu, and the mixture can be sprayed for 1 time about 10 days after the first spraying according to the continuous condition of high-temperature weather;
solanaceous and melon vegetables in high-temperature seasons can be sprayed on leaf surfaces for 1 time from budding to the initial stage of flowering, and then sprayed for 1 time after 10 days, the method is the same as leaf vegetables, and the solanaceous and melon vegetables are sprayed for 2-3 times in the whole growth period according to the high-temperature condition;
the regulating mixture is suitable for application before 8 am or after 4 pm, and has high absorption rate.
The invention belongs to a compound type vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture, and forms the compound type mixture through screening and scientific proportioning of an antioxidant, a growth retardant, a cell permeation regulator and partial key medium and trace elements, thereby improving the adaptability and resistance of the vegetable to high temperature, promoting the photosynthetic function of leaves, pertinently overcoming the high-temperature stress in the key growth stage, promoting the normal growth and development of the vegetable, and obtaining a high-quality product, thereby effectively increasing the output benefit of producers and meeting the market demand. The test and production application results show that the vegetable high-temperature stress regulating and controlling mixture can effectively solve the practical production problems of poor growth and reduced yield and quality of over-summer vegetables and cool-loving vegetables at high temperature, and achieves the production purposes of increasing yield and improving quality.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture can improve the activity of protective enzyme and enhance the scavenging capacity of active oxygen of cells, the high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture is adopted to treat the leaves of the scallion plug seedling, and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Peroxidase (POD) are 451-453 U.g respectively-1FW、996-998μmolH2O2.g-1FW.min-1And 16.0-16.5 OD470.g-1FW.min-1The activity of the protective enzyme is obviously improved;
2. the regulation and control mixture can improve the structural stability of cell membranes, and the Malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the scallion plug seedlings treated by the regulation and control mixture is reduced to 1.62-1.67 mu mol-1FW, the degree of lipid membrane peroxidation is significantly reduced;
3. the regulating mixture can improve the photosynthetic property of the vegetable leaves, and when the regulating mixture is used for treating the green total amount of the leaves of the scallion plug seedlings, the green total amount of the leaves is 4.70-4.75 mg-1FW, net photosynthetic rate of functional leaf is 9.52-9.62 μmolCO2. m-2.S-1The photosynthetic performance of the leaves is obviously enhanced;
4. the regulation and control mixture can supplement inorganic nutrient elements, promote flower bud differentiation, and reduce symptoms such as poor fertilization and easy malformation of fruits, and the like, when the regulation and control mixture is used for treating the summer sweet peppers, the malformed fruit rate is reduced to 2.2-2.5%, and when the regulation and control mixture is not applied to a control group, the malformed fruit rate is 12.6%;
5. the regulation and control mixture can enhance the cell permeation regulation and improve the root activity, and the adoption of the regulation and control mixture to treat the green Chinese onion plug seedlings is beneficial to the cultivation of plug strong seedlings and prevents lodging, the strong seedling index is improved to 0.0053-0.0054 g/plant, and is increased by 43 percent compared with a blank control group;
6. the regulation and control mixture can play a role in increasing yield and improving quality of over-summer vegetables, and the yield of the over-summer sweet peppers is improved to 35.0-35.5 t/hm by adopting the regulation and control mixture to treat the over-summer sweet peppers-2The fruit setting rate is 87-88%, the single fruit weight is 249-260 g/fruit, and the number of producers is effectively increasedAnd (5) yield benefit.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
Composition and proportion of vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture
Example 1A mixture for controlling high temperature stress of vegetables
The vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
salicylic acid: 0.05%, brassinolide: 0.02%, urea: 0.3%, γ -aminobutyric acid: 0.05%, glucose: 0.3%, mepiquat chloride: 0.02%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1%, sugar alcohol boron: 0.07%, sugar alcohol iron: 0.07%, sugar alcohol calcium: 0.08 percent of zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O): 0.1%, agricultural organosilicon spreader: 0.1%, water: 98.74 percent.
Example 2A mixture for controlling high temperature stress of vegetables
The vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
salicylic acid: 0.15%, brassinolide: 0.05%, urea: 0.5%, γ -aminobutyric acid: 0.1%, glucose: 0.5%, mepiquat chloride: 0.08%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.5%, sugar alcohol boron: 0.1%, sugar alcohol iron: 0.1%, sugar alcohol calcium: 0.1% zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O): 0.3%, agricultural organosilicon spreader: 0.1%, water: 97.42 percent.
Example 3A mixture for controlling high temperature stress of vegetables
The vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
salicylic acid: 0.08%, brassinolide: 0.03%, urea: 0.4%, γ -aminobutyric acid: 0.07%, glucose: 0.4%, mepiquat chloride: 0.04%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.3%, sugar alcohol boron: 0.08%, sugar alcohol iron: 0.08%, sugar alcohol calcium: 0.09% zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O): 0.2%, agricultural organosilicon spreader: 0.1%, water: 98.13 percent.
Example 4A mixture for controlling high temperature stress of vegetables
The vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
salicylic acid: 0.1%, brassinolide: 0.04%, urea: 0.3%, γ -aminobutyric acid: 0.09%, glucose: 0.4%, mepiquat chloride: 0.06%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.4%, sugar alcohol boron: 0.09%, sugar alcohol iron: 0.09%, sugar alcohol calcium: 0.09% zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O): 0.2%, agricultural organosilicon spreader: 0.1%, water: 98.04 percent.
A series of studies were continued with example 4 as a preferred example.
Secondly, a preparation method of the high-temperature stress regulation mixture solution comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of the components, uniformly mixing, stirring and dissolving in a proper amount of water to prepare a mother solution, uniformly stirring the mother solution, and adding water to dilute the mother solution into a solution with a required concentration for later use;
according to the calculation of 40kg of the high-temperature regulation mixture dosage of each mu of vegetables, the prepared solution contains: salicylic acid: 40g of the total weight of the mixture; brassinolide: 16g of a mixture; urea: 120g of a mixture; gamma-aminobutyric acid: 36g of a mixture; glucose: 160g of a mixture; mepiquat chloride: 24g of a mixture; potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 160g of a mixture; sugar alcohol boron: 36g of a mixture; sugar alcohol iron: 36g of a mixture; sugar alcohol calcium: 36g of a mixture; zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O): 80g of the total weight of the mixture; agricultural organosilicon spreader: 40g of water is added to make up to 40 kg.
Thirdly, an application method of the high-temperature stress regulation mixture comprises the following steps:
for leaf vegetables subjected to plug seedling in high-temperature seasons, the growth and development key stages can be realized in the seedling growing period, for example, the first leaf surface of the green Chinese onion is sprayed with the regulating and controlling mixture with the dosage of 40 kg/mu in about 30 days after seedling emergence, and the leaf surface of the green Chinese onion is sprayed with the regulating and controlling mixture for 1 time after 7-10 days, wherein the dosage of 40 kg/mu.
The leaf vegetables planted in the high-temperature season can be sprayed with the high-temperature adversity regulating and controlling mixture for 1 time on the leaf surfaces 7-10 days after planting and seedling postponing, the dosage is 40 kg/mu, and the leaf vegetables can be sprayed for 1 time about 10 days after the first spraying according to the continuous condition of the high-temperature weather.
The solanaceous and melon vegetables in high-temperature seasons can be sprayed on leaf surfaces for 1 time from budding to the early stage of flowering, and then sprayed for 1 time after 10 days, the dosage is 40 kg/mu, the method is the same as that of leaf vegetables, and the solanaceous and melon vegetables are sprayed for 2-3 times in the whole growth period according to the high-temperature condition.
The regulating mixture is suitable for application before 8 am or after 4 pm, and has high absorption rate.
Application of high-temperature stress regulating and controlling mixture in over-summer vegetables
Test 1: influence of high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture on growth of plug seedlings in summer of green Chinese onions
Under the environment of a plastic greenhouse, the regulation effect of the vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture prepared in the embodiment 4 on the high-temperature stress of the cool-favored vegetable in the seedling stage is researched by taking the scallion plug seedling 'gold ingot 208' as a test material.
The optimal growth temperature of the green Chinese onion seedlings is 20-25 ℃ in day and 15-18 ℃ at night, but the sowing time and the planting time of the autumn delayed stubble green Chinese onion are respectively 6 months and 8 months, so that the whole green Chinese onion seedling stage is in a high-temperature environment, the highest temperature can reach more than 35 ℃ in day in 7 months, the night temperature can also reach 30 ℃, and the green Chinese onion seedlings are aged, lack of elements and poor in growth.
In the test, the shallots are mechanically sown in 220-hole trays in 6 months and 5 days, and 3 seeds are sown in holes. Spraying high-temperature stress regulating mixture on leaf surface 25 days after sowing before 8 am in high-temperature weather for 1 time, spraying for 1 time after 7 days, and measuring chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Peroxidase (POD) activity and Malondialdehyde (MDA) content 3 days after spraying for 3 days with penultimate leaf as functional leaf.
Photosynthetic rate (Pn) was determined using the LCA-4 photosynthetic analysis system; measuring the chlorophyll content by an Arnon method; the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) is determined by referring to the method of Wanglauca and the like, and the activity unit of 1 enzyme is used for inhibiting 50 percent of NBT photochemical reduction; the Catalase (CAT) activity is measured by adopting an ultraviolet absorption method; peroxidase (POD) activity was measured by guaiacol method; the Malondialdehyde (MDA) content is determined by referring to methods of forest planting fragrance and the like, morphological indexes such as plant height, false stem thickness, single plant dry weight, strong seedling index and the like are determined 30 days before field planting in 7 months, and the test results are as follows:
TABLE 1 influence of vegetable high-temperature stress regulating mixture on the protective enzyme activity and MDA content of green Chinese onion plug seedlings
As shown in Table 1, the SOD, CAT and POD activities of the leaves of the onion plug seedling treated by the high-temperature stress control mixture are 452.6U.g respectively-1FW、996.4μmolH2O2.g-1FW.min-1And 16.2 OD470.g-1FW.min-1The SOD, CAT and POD activities of the control group leaves were 403.2 U.g respectively-1FW、879.3μmolH2O2.g-1FW.min-1And 14.1OD470.g-1FW.min-1The activity of the protective enzyme in the treatment is obviously higher than that of the control, and the active oxygen scavenging capacity of the green Chinese onion cells is enhanced. The MDA content treated is 1.66 mu mol-1FW, 18.6% less than control, significantly reduced the degree of lipid membrane peroxidation.
TABLE 2 influence of vegetable high-temperature stress regulating mixture on photosynthesis performance of green Chinese onion plug seedlings
As shown in Table 2, the total green leaf amount of the scallion plug seedling after the treatment of the regulator is 4.71 mg-1FW, 8.5% increase over control; the net photosynthetic rate of functional leaves is 9.56 mu molCO2. m-2.S-1Compared with the control, the photosynthetic property of the leaves is obviously enhanced by 5.8 percent.
TABLE 3 influence of vegetable high-temperature stress regulating mixture on the growth of green Chinese onion plug seedlings
As seen from Table 3, the treated and control plant heights, pseudostem thicknesses and individual dry weights were 20.5cm and 23.2cm, 0.32 cm and 0.26 cm, 0.338 g/plant and 0.329 g/plant, respectively, with significant differences. The regulating and controlling mixture can obviously reduce the height of the green Chinese onion plug seedlings, the pseudostem thickness is obviously increased, the dry matter accumulation of a single plant is increased, the cultivation of plug strong seedlings is facilitated, the lodging is prevented, the seedling strengthening index is improved to 0.0053 g/plant after the treatment, and the seedling strengthening index is increased by 43.2% compared with that of a control group.
In conclusion, the regulation and control mixture applied to the scallion plug seedling can obviously improve the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase of the leaves, and the lipid membrane peroxidation product (MDA) is reduced by 18.6 percent compared with a control; the total chlorophyll amount and the photosynthetic rate are respectively increased by 8.5 percent and 5.8 percent compared with the control, and the leaf function is enhanced; the regulating and controlling mixture obviously reduces the height of the seedling of the scallion at high temperature, increases the stem thickness, increases the seedling strengthening index by 43.2 percent compared with the contrast, is beneficial to the cultivation of strong seedlings, and has obvious advantage for regulating and controlling the growth of plug seedlings of the scallion in summer by adopting the high-temperature stress regulating and controlling mixture.
Test 2: influence of vegetable high-temperature stress regulation and control mixture on yield and constituent factors of over-summer sweet peppers
Under the high-temperature environment of the large arched shed in summer, the influence of the high-temperature stress regulating and controlling mixture prepared in the embodiment 4 of the invention on the yield of the sweet peppers and the constituent factors thereof is researched by taking the sweet pepper 'Jiaxiya' as a test material.
And (3) taking plug seedlings for 5 months and 25 days, and planting the plug seedlings in a plastic large arched shed in large and small rows with the small row spacing of 50cm, the large row spacing of 80cm and the plant spacing of 45 cm. Pruning 3 stalks, conventionally managing, removing the capsicum, and leaving 3 layers of fruits on the capsicum for topping. The bud and blossom period is about 30 days after the planting, the blooming and fruiting period of the crop is just in a high-temperature season, the temperature in the daytime is up to more than 35 ℃, and the temperature at night is about 30 ℃. Spraying high temperature regulating and controlling mixture on leaf surface in the morning in high temperature weather of 25 days in 6 months for 1 time, and spraying for 1 time after 10 days. Picking olives after fruits are fixed, marketing the olives, weighing the olives, measuring indexes such as fruit setting rate, single fruit weight and malformed fruit rate, and the like, wherein the test results are as follows:
TABLE 4 influence of vegetable high-temperature stress regulating mixture on yield and its constituent factors of over-summer sweet pepper
As seen from Table 4, the yields of the high temperature stress control agent treated sweet peppers and the control sweet peppers were 35.2 t/hm-2And 33.0 t/hm-2The treatment yield was increased by 6.7% compared to the control. Treatment and controlThe fruit setting rate and the single fruit weight are respectively 87.6 and 71.2 percent, 249.5 g/fruit and 234.6 g/fruit, the main yield factors are all significantly higher than those of the control, and therefore, the fruit setting rate and the single fruit weight are significantly increased due to the main reason of the yield increase of the mixture. In addition, the application of the mixture can reduce the rate of malformed fruits of the sweet peppers in summer caused by deficiency of elements and poor pollination, and the rates of malformed fruits of the treated sweet peppers and the control are respectively 2.3 percent and 12.6 percent and are reduced by 10.3 percent compared with the control. According to field observation, the incidence of the navel rot caused by calcium deficiency of the sweet peppers treated by the mixture is obviously lower than that of the control, so that the high-quality production of the sweet peppers is promoted.
Therefore, the fruit setting rate of the sweet peppers treated by the high-temperature stress regulation mixture is obviously improved, the weight of single fruits is increased, the yield and the malformed fruit rate are respectively increased by 6.7% and reduced by 10.3% compared with the control, and the yield and quality of the over-summer vegetables are obviously increased and improved by adopting the high-temperature stress regulation mixture.
According to the invention, firstly, through reasonable dosage and proportion of the antioxidant, the imbalance of the metabolism of active oxygen of vegetables caused by high temperature can be effectively relieved, and the stability of the structure and the function of a cell membrane is maintained; the proper amount of urea can delay the aging process of the leaves at high temperature, relieve the degradation of chlorophyll, improve the net photosynthetic rate of plants and strengthen the synthesis and accumulation of nutrients; the addition of mepiquat chloride, brassinolide, glucose, gamma-aminobutyric acid and the like can promote root and leaf control, improve the content of photosynthetic pigments, reduce the loss of water at high temperature, improve the osmotic potential of leaves, enhance the water retention capacity and improve the high-temperature tolerance of plants; the inorganic nutrient substances are also helpful for promoting normal differentiation of flower buds and normal development of fruits at high temperature, can supplement element malabsorption caused by reduction of root system absorption performance due to high temperature, and promote normal development of plants, thereby obtaining high-yield and high-quality cultivation effect. Through reasonable proportioning of various components, the development process of the vegetables under the high-temperature stress is regulated and controlled from different aspects, the damage of the stress to the normal growth of the vegetables is comprehensively relieved on the whole, and the vegetable growth regulator is a compound regulation and control mixture with outstanding performance and has innovation.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The vegetable high-temperature stress regulating and controlling mixture is characterized in that the raw material components of the regulating and controlling mixture comprise the following components in percentage by weight:
salicylic acid: 0.05 percent to 0.15 percent; brassinolide: 0.02% -0.05%; urea: 0.3 to 0.5 percent; gamma-aminobutyric acid: 0.05 percent to 0.1 percent; glucose: 0.3 to 0.5 percent; mepiquat chloride: 0.02% -0.08%; potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.1 to 0.5 percent; sugar alcohol boron 0.1%: 0.07 percent to 0.1 percent; sugar alcohol iron: 0.07 percent to 0.1 percent; sugar alcohol calcium: 0.08 to 0.1 percent; zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O): 0.1 to 0.3 percent; agricultural organosilicon spreader: 0.1 percent; water: 97.42 to 98.74 percent.
2. The conditioning composition according to claim 1, wherein the raw material components of the conditioning composition comprise, in weight percent
Salicylic acid: 0.1%, brassinolide: 0.04%, urea: 0.3%, γ -aminobutyric acid: 0.09%, glucose: 0.4%, mepiquat chloride: 0.06%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.4%, sugar alcohol boron: 0.09%, sugar alcohol iron: 0.09%, sugar alcohol calcium: 0.09% zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO)4·7H2O): 0.2%, agricultural organosilicon spreader: 0.1%, water: 98.04 percent.
3. The regulating mixture according to claim 1, wherein the method for applying the regulating mixture to the leaf vegetables subjected to plug seedling in high-temperature seasons is that the regulating mixture is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the first time in about 30 days after seedling emergence in the key growth and development stage in the seedling growing period, the dosage of the regulating mixture is 40 kg/mu, and the dosage of the regulating mixture is 40 kg/mu after 7-10 days.
4. The regulating mixture according to claim 1, wherein the leaf vegetables planted in high-temperature seasons, the method for applying the regulating mixture, the high-temperature adversity regulating mixture is sprayed on the leaf surfaces 7-10 days after planting and seedling slowing for 1 time, the dosage is 40 kg/mu, and the regulating mixture is sprayed for 1 time after about 10 days after the first spraying according to the continuous condition of high-temperature weather.
5. The regulating mixture according to claim 1, wherein solanaceous vegetables and melon vegetables in high temperature season are applied by spraying 1 time on leaf surface from budding to blooming stage, spraying 1 time after 10 days with 40 kg/mu, spraying 2-3 times on leaf vegetables in whole growth period according to high temperature condition.
6. A conditioning composition according to claims 1-5, wherein the conditioning composition is suitable for administration before 8 am or after 4 pm.
7. A regulating mixture according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulating mixture is prepared by weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of each component, mixing them uniformly, stirring and dissolving in a proper amount of water to prepare a mother liquor, then stirring the mother liquor uniformly and adding water to dilute into a solution with the required concentration.
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