CN110978680B - 一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构 - Google Patents

一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN110978680B
CN110978680B CN201911043299.8A CN201911043299A CN110978680B CN 110978680 B CN110978680 B CN 110978680B CN 201911043299 A CN201911043299 A CN 201911043299A CN 110978680 B CN110978680 B CN 110978680B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
sealed cabin
protective layer
fragment
space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201911043299.8A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN110978680A (zh
Inventor
从强
常洁
史文华
黄文宣
李林凌
陈燕
古青波
周志勇
赵云鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
Original Assignee
Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering filed Critical Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
Priority to CN201911043299.8A priority Critical patent/CN110978680B/zh
Publication of CN110978680A publication Critical patent/CN110978680A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110978680B publication Critical patent/CN110978680B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/024—Woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/028—Net structure, e.g. spaced apart filaments bonded at the crossing points
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
    • B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0261—Polyamide fibres
    • B32B2262/0269—Aromatic polyamide fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，包括：由密封舱内侧至外侧依次设置的耐磨层、辐射防护层、气密层、承压层、碎片防护层、隔热层、抗空间环境层和阻燃层。本发明针对密封舱结构采用了全柔性材料组成的技术手段，通过对多层不同功能材料的优化配置和设计，对舱体结构起到了气密、承压、防护等作用，带来了密封舱重量轻、折叠体积小等效果，能直接指导可压缩折叠的充气展开式载人密封舱结构的设计。

Description

一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，特别适用于太空环境中用于人员居住的充气式密封舱。
背景技术
充气结构具有重量轻、折叠效率高、展开可靠等优势，在太空领域中的应用前景广泛，尤其是随着未来大型空间居住舱、有人值守月球基地等工程需要，对充气式密封舱的需求尤为突出。然而在太空中使用的充气式密封舱蒙皮结构既要解决气密、承压、热控等基本功能需求，同时也要满足防空间碎片撞击、防空间环境辐射、防破损、阻燃等安全性要求。
专利CN201410846232.9“一种双层舱壁式充气舱体”提供了一种双层舱壁式充气舱体，包括内囊和外防护壳，所述内囊的囊壁由气密层和承力层构成，气密层为囊壁最内层，承力层位于气密层外侧，所述外防护壳的囊壁由气密层和刚化层构成，气密层为外防护壳的最内层，刚化层为外防护壳的最外层。该发明结构形式无法完全满足载人密封舱的应用需求。
专利CN201110240641.0“一种飞艇蒙皮材料及其制备方法”提供一种飞艇蒙皮材料及其制备方法，该蒙皮材料顺次包括防老化层、胶层、织物层、基底层、高阻隔层和焊接层。该专利提出的蒙皮结构只解决了气密、耐压和抗老化问题，但无法直接应用在太空环境下。
《导弹与航天运载技术》2002年第1期中的文献“可充气式太空舱及其防护结构设计”介绍了充气式太空舱结构由充气气囊、承压层、碎片防护层、防热层和防辐射层，只介绍了各功能层组成，并没有论证分析各功能层层序设计，也无法完全满足载人环境的使用要求。
发明内容
本发明的技术解决问题是：克服现有技术的不足，提出了一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，能满足耐受空间高低温、辐射等环境的同时，保证密封舱承受内压强度并保证良好的密封性能。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，包括：由密封舱内侧至外侧依次设置的耐磨层、辐射防护层、气密层、承压层、碎片防护层、隔热层、抗空间环境层和阻燃层；
耐磨层为芳纶织物或Vectran织物；
在耐磨层朝向密封舱一侧的外表面涂覆有防辐射材料涂层，所述防辐射材料涂层作为辐射防护层；
气密层由两层或两层以上的热塑性聚氨酯薄膜材料构成，每层薄膜材料的透气性小于1L/m2×24小时×1atm，气密层释放的总有机物含量<100μg/g；
承压层为芳纶编织材料；
碎片防护层为泡沫夹心材料，碎片防护层的中间夹心为轻质中空泡沫结构，防护层的层和层之间通过中间泡沫夹心的自带胶进行粘接；碎片防护层的中间夹心的材料为柔性聚氨酯泡沫；
碎片防护层背向密封舱的一侧为织物增强结构，碎片防护层朝向密封舱的一侧为织物缓冲结构；
隔热层为n层隔热材料，其中n为正整数且大于10；
阻燃层的外表面为玻璃纤维布，所述玻璃纤维布作为抗空间环境层；
阻燃层的材料具体为防原子氧布材料；
耐磨层与气密层之间通过硅橡胶粘接剂局部粘接，两相邻粘接点之间的间距大于200mm；气密层与承压层之间通过硅橡胶粘接剂局部粘接，两相邻粘接点之间的间距大于200mm以上；
承压层和碎片防护层之间通过预先设置在承压层上的凯芙拉绳进行锁紧连接；隔热层和阻燃层之间先通过阻燃线缝制成一体后，再与碎片防护层的织物增强结构缝制固定。
本发明与现有技术相比的有益效果是：
1)本发明对太空环境中使用的充气式密封舱蒙皮结构进行了创新性设计，复合了八大功能层，完全满足载人居住环境的基本要求；
2)本发明辐射防护层和耐磨层实现集成设计、碎片防护层和热防护层实现集成设计、抗空间环境层与阻燃层实现集成设计，同一层结构实现多种功能，显著降低了结构重量；
3)本发明给出了各功能层之间的连接形式，具有良好的工程实现性。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构总图；
图2为本发明耐磨层、辐射防护层示意图；
图3为本发明气密层示意图；
图4为本发明承压层示意图；
图5为本发明碎片防护层示意图；
图6为本发明隔热层示意图；
图7为本发明抗空间环境层、阻燃层示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，本发明一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构由六层功能结构组成。
最里层1为耐磨层和辐射防护层2，选用有一定强度的带涂层的纤维织物材料，既能保护气密层经受磨损、划伤的风险，同时直接在耐磨层上进行防辐射涂层处理，起到防辐射的效果。如图2所示，在耐磨层1朝向密封舱一侧的外表面涂覆有防辐射材料涂层，所述防辐射材料涂层作为辐射防护层2。
耐磨层1为平纹编织结构，具体为芳纶织物或Vectran织物，利用织物材料强度高的特性可有效避免密封舱受到意外损伤，在工作温度范围内，所述耐磨层1的断裂强度大于0.5kN/10mm。
气密层3是保持充气舱体内部压力的结构层，防止气体以渗透或流出的方式泄漏，如图3所示，气密层3由两层或两层以上的热塑性聚氨酯或其它低漏气性的薄膜材料构成，每层薄膜材料的透气性小于1L/m2×24hr×1atm，气密层3释放的总有机物含量<100μg/g，气味等级<1.5级。本发明实施例中选用2层TPU膜结构。
承压层4包裹在气密层3外面，主要承受气密层3的内部压力载荷，因此，对承压层4的优化设计将是决定充气舱安全的关键因素之一，选用增强的芳纶织物结构，可做成整体结构或编织结构，如图4所示。承压层4为芳纶编织材料；承压层4为芳纶编织材料的牌号具体为Kevlar29；
承压层4的最小厚度
Figure BDA0002253445320000041
其中，p为密封舱内外之间压差，r为密封舱半径，σ为承压层4芳纶编织材料的抗拉强度，k1为设计安全系数，k1的取值范围为3.8～4.2，k1优选的取4，k2为编织工艺折损系数，k2的取值范围为0.7～0.9，优选的取值为0.8。
碎片防护层5不但要提供高性能防护，还要满足充气舱蒙皮结构可折叠、可展开功能要求。如图5所示，依次选用织物缓冲结构、可折泡沫结构和织物增强结构组成的夹层结构，满足碎片防护需求，同时中间的泡沫结构还能起到隔热作用。具体的碎片防护层5为泡沫夹心材料，碎片防护层5的中间夹心为轻质中空泡沫结构，防护层5的层和层之间通过中间泡沫夹心的自带胶进行粘接；碎片防护层5中间夹心的材料为柔性聚氨酯泡沫；
碎片防护层5中间夹心的厚度取值范围为20mm～30mm，正反两面均带胶，材料为中孔结构，孔隙率>50％，材料压缩前后体积比>10。
碎片防护层5背向密封舱的一侧为织物增强结构；碎片防护层5织物增强结构的材料具体选用玄武岩布。碎片防护层5织物增强结构的厚度为0.5mm。碎片防护层5朝向密封舱的一侧为织物缓冲结构；碎片防护层5织物缓冲结构的材料具体为芳纶材料。碎片防护层5织物缓冲结构优选的厚度取值为0.5mm。
隔热层6是减小充气密封舱在轨飞行时轨道外热流变化对充气密封舱舱内温度波动的影响，选用由双面镀铝聚酯薄膜和涤纶网组成多层隔热组件。如图6所示，隔热层6为n层隔热材料，其中n为正整数且大于10；考虑空间轨道热环境，组成的单元数可适当增加。隔热层6中n层隔热材料之间通过专用阻燃线缝制固定。隔热层6由双面镀铝聚酯薄膜和涤纶网组成。
最外层为抗空间环境层7和阻燃层8，主要为了抵抗原子氧和紫外辐射对密封舱结构的不利影响，选用带阻燃功能的防原子氧布材料，如图7所示。具体的，阻燃层8的外表面为玻璃纤维布，所述玻璃纤维布作为抗空间环境层7；阻燃层8的材料具体为防原子氧布材料。
耐磨层1与气密层3之间通过硅橡胶粘接剂局部粘接，两相邻粘接点之间的间距大于200mm；气密层3与承压层4之间通过硅橡胶粘接剂局部粘接，两相邻粘接点之间的间距大于200mm以上。
承压层4和碎片防护层5之间通过预先设置在承压层4上的凯芙拉绳进行锁紧连接；隔热层6和阻燃层8之间先通过阻燃线缝制成一体后，再与碎片防护层5的织物增强结构缝制固定。
本发明多功能蒙皮结构涉及耐磨层1、辐射防护层2、气密层3、承力层4、碎片防护层5等，各结构层之间的相互连接情况影响充气舱的性能、充气舱的重量、充气舱的折叠效率等。
各层的作用具体为：耐磨层1能够防止人员在舱内活动时对蒙皮产生损害；辐射防护层2能满足对舱外带电粒子等辐射的屏蔽需求；气密层3能保证密封舱良好的气密性能；承压层4能承受舱内外压差产生的应力；碎片防护层5能抵御空间碎片或微流星体的撞击；隔热层6对密封舱起到隔热保温效果；抗空间环境层7能够抵抗原子氧和紫外辐射对密封舱结构的不利影响；阻燃层8能够防止整个蒙皮结构遇火燃烧，提高安全性。本发明既能耐受高低温、辐射等空间环境，又能保证密封舱承受内压强度并保证良好的密封性能。
本发明说明书中未作详细描述的内容属本领域专业技术人员的公知技术。

Claims (5)

1.一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，其特征在于，包括：由密封舱内侧至外侧依次设置的耐磨层(1)、辐射防护层(2)、气密层(3)、承压层(4)、碎片防护层(5)、隔热层(6)、抗空间环境层(7)和阻燃层(8)；
耐磨层(1)为芳纶织物或Vectran织物；
在耐磨层(1)朝向密封舱一侧的外表面涂覆有防辐射材料涂层，所述防辐射材料涂层作为辐射防护层(2)；
气密层(3)由两层以上的热塑性聚氨酯薄膜材料构成，每层薄膜材料的透气性小于1L/(m2×24小时×1atm)，所述气密层(3)释放的总有机物含量<100μg/g；
承压层(4)为芳纶编织材料；
碎片防护层(5)为泡沫夹心材料，碎片防护层(5)的中间夹心为轻质中空泡沫结构，碎片防护层(5)的层和层之间通过中间泡沫夹心的自带胶进行粘接；碎片防护层(5)的中间夹心的材料为柔性聚氨酯泡沫；
碎片防护层(5)背向密封舱的一侧为织物增强结构，碎片防护层(5)朝向密封舱的一侧为织物缓冲结构；
隔热层(6)为n层隔热材料，其中n为正整数且大于10；
阻燃层(8)的外表面为玻璃纤维布，所述玻璃纤维布作为抗空间环境层(7)；
阻燃层(8)的材料具体为防原子氧布材料；
耐磨层(1)与气密层(3)之间通过硅橡胶粘接剂局部粘接，两相邻粘接点之间的间距大于200mm；气密层(3)与承压层(4)之间通过硅橡胶粘接剂局部粘接，两相邻粘接点之间的间距大于200mm；
承压层(4)和碎片防护层(5)之间通过预先设置在承压层(4)上的凯芙拉绳进行锁紧连接；隔热层(6)和阻燃层(8)之间先通过阻燃线缝制成一体后，再与碎片防护层(5)的织物增强结构缝制固定；
所述耐磨层(1)的断裂强度大于0.5kN/10mm；
所述承压层(4)为芳纶编织材料的牌号具体为Kevlar29；
所述承压层(4)的最小厚度
Figure FDA0003192861080000021
其中，p为密封舱内外之间压差，r为密封舱半径，σ为承压层(4)芳纶编织材料的抗拉强度，k1的取值范围为3.8～4.2，k2的取值范围为0.7～0.9；
所述碎片防护层(5)中间夹心的厚度取值范围为20mm～30mm，所述碎片防护层(5)两面均带胶，所述碎片防护层(5)的孔隙率>50％，所述碎片防护层(5)压缩前后体积比>10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，其特征在于，所述碎片防护层(5)织物增强结构的材料具体选用玄武岩布。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，其特征在于，碎片防护层(5)织物缓冲结构的材料具体为芳纶材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，其特征在于，所述隔热层(6)中n层隔热材料之间通过阻燃线缝制固定。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构，其特征在于，所述隔热层(6)由双面镀铝聚酯薄膜和涤纶网组成。
CN201911043299.8A 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构 Active CN110978680B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911043299.8A CN110978680B (zh) 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911043299.8A CN110978680B (zh) 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN110978680A CN110978680A (zh) 2020-04-10
CN110978680B true CN110978680B (zh) 2021-10-01

Family

ID=70082575

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201911043299.8A Active CN110978680B (zh) 2019-10-30 2019-10-30 一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN110978680B (zh)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112693629B (zh) * 2021-01-05 2022-04-01 东南大学 一种充气式分块线连接太空舱壳体结构
CN112644736B (zh) * 2021-01-05 2022-04-08 东南大学 一种偏转折叠的充气式分块点连接太空舱壳体结构
CN113309251A (zh) * 2021-05-12 2021-08-27 哈尔滨工业大学建筑设计研究院 一种应用于月球建筑的复合墙体结构
CN113187314A (zh) * 2021-05-12 2021-07-30 哈尔滨工业大学建筑设计研究院 一种应用于月球建筑的六边形充气展开建筑模块
CN113548199A (zh) * 2021-08-27 2021-10-26 鲁东大学 一种柔性太空舱
CN114030651B (zh) * 2021-11-26 2024-10-01 哈尔滨工业大学 一种Kresling折叠方式的充气展开式半刚性密封舱
CN114030648B (zh) * 2021-11-26 2024-08-27 哈尔滨工业大学 一种在月球溶洞内自动充气展开成型的可刚化柔性密封舱
CN114536929B (zh) * 2022-01-04 2023-07-07 航天科工空间工程发展有限公司 一种空间柔性体配重结构、设计方法和设计系统
CN115180184B (zh) * 2022-08-08 2024-07-16 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 一种填充式防护构型
CN117302552B (zh) * 2023-10-16 2024-06-07 中国科学院力学研究所 一种高折展比的模块化地外天体太空舱体结构

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0548517A1 (de) * 1991-12-21 1993-06-30 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft Textiles Flächengebilde
EP1243506A1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2002-09-25 Sakase Adtech Co., Ltd. Inflatable structure, array antenna having inflatable structure, and inflatable structure unfolding method
WO2010076299A1 (en) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-08 Rg Equipe Di Golin Roberto & C. S.A.S. Inflatable multilayer textile structure for realizing protective body garments
CN107512060A (zh) * 2017-09-08 2017-12-26 中国乐凯集团有限公司 一种太阳能无人机机翼蒙皮材料及其制备方法
CN109018437A (zh) * 2018-06-21 2018-12-18 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 一种适用于航天器密封舱的舱板

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0548517A1 (de) * 1991-12-21 1993-06-30 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft Textiles Flächengebilde
EP1243506A1 (en) * 2000-11-06 2002-09-25 Sakase Adtech Co., Ltd. Inflatable structure, array antenna having inflatable structure, and inflatable structure unfolding method
WO2010076299A1 (en) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-08 Rg Equipe Di Golin Roberto & C. S.A.S. Inflatable multilayer textile structure for realizing protective body garments
CN107512060A (zh) * 2017-09-08 2017-12-26 中国乐凯集团有限公司 一种太阳能无人机机翼蒙皮材料及其制备方法
CN109018437A (zh) * 2018-06-21 2018-12-18 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 一种适用于航天器密封舱的舱板

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110978680A (zh) 2020-04-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110978680B (zh) 一种适用于载人环境的太空多功能充气式密封舱蒙皮结构
EP1926591B1 (en) Metallized flexible laminate material for lighter-than-air vehicles
JP4733926B2 (ja) 空気より軽量のビークル
JP2007320313A (ja) 空気より軽量のビークル用の減量フレキシブル積層材料
US8158236B2 (en) Conductive seam cover tape
RU2413651C2 (ru) Фюзеляж летательного аппарата
CA2308585A1 (en) Multi-component protective garment with composite strike face and woven base
CA2878148A1 (en) Safety shield
WO2003010375A1 (en) Flexible wall material for use in an inflatable structure
Dasaradhan et al. A brief review of technology and materials for aerostat application
CN101353087A (zh) 在轨充气展开并刚化的抗空间碎片和微流星体的防护系统
RU2126468C1 (ru) Гибкий материал для стенки емкости, находящейся под давлением
CN110963088B (zh) 一种载人航天器密封舱应急失压情况下的压力防护装置
De la Fuente et al. TransHab-NASA's large-scale inflatable spacecraft
CN108482643A (zh) 一种可高压充气快速展开的柔性充气机翼结构
US6177368B1 (en) Blast resistant laminate composite container wall construction
Komatsu et al. Development of high-specific-strength envelope materials
CN208520263U (zh) 一种用于直升机座椅的防弹装甲
CN109963779B (zh) 轻于空气的具有壳体的飞行器，用于这种壳体的层压板以及这种层压板的制造方法
CN202109827U (zh) 一种新型防弹衣
JP2002200684A (ja) 複合膜
CN210901433U (zh) 一种救援马甲
Ayrey et al. Advanced materials used in space suit construction
CN114407479A (zh) 柔性防火防爆板及其制备方法
Verge Rapidly deployable structures in collective protection systems

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant