CN110976872B - Scanning method and scanning device - Google Patents
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- CN110976872B CN110976872B CN201911414388.9A CN201911414388A CN110976872B CN 110976872 B CN110976872 B CN 110976872B CN 201911414388 A CN201911414388 A CN 201911414388A CN 110976872 B CN110976872 B CN 110976872B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention provides a scanning method and a scanning device, and relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, wherein the scanning method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional model of a part to be formed, dividing the three-dimensional model to form at least one sliced layer, and dividing each sliced layer to form at least one scanning area; establishing at least two scanning modes, wherein each scanning mode comprises a light starting point, a scanning track and a light closing point, and the positions of the light starting point and the light closing point of each scanning mode are different; at least two scanning modes are selected according to the height of each sliced layer to form the part. The scanning device provided by the invention adopts the scanning method to form parts. The invention can avoid the phenomena of local shortage and light leakage in the scanning process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a scanning method and a scanning device.
Background
In the additive manufacturing process, a three-dimensional model is established by a computer, the three-dimensional model is sliced and layered through segmentation software to form at least one slice layer, each slice layer is divided to form at least one scanning area, then, scanning path planning is carried out on each scanning area, and scanning printing is carried out according to the scanning path to form a final part.
However, in the conventional scanning mode, a scanning area in a slice layer is scanned through a single scanning path, and the scanning area is prone to have problems of local shortage and light leakage in the scanning process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a scanning method and a scanning apparatus, which can avoid the problems of local shortage and light leakage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a scanning method, comprising the steps of:
establishing a three-dimensional model of a part to be formed, dividing the three-dimensional model to form at least one sliced layer, and dividing each sliced layer to form at least one scanning area;
establishing at least two scanning modes, wherein each scanning mode comprises a light starting point, a scanning track and a light closing point, and the positions of the light starting point and the light closing point of each scanning mode are different;
and selecting at least one scanning mode according to the height of each sliced layer to form the part.
By adopting the technical scheme, at least two scanning modes with different light starting point positions and light closing point positions are established, and the scanning mode matched with each slice layer is matched according to the height of the part at the moment, namely the light starting point of the scanning mode is matched with the height of the part, so that the phenomena of local shortage and light leakage in the scanning process of a scanning area are avoided, and the quality of the part is improved.
Optionally, the scanning mode is to start discontinuous edge scanning with the light starting point to form a first scanning track; and carrying out reverse discontinuous edge backfill scanning on a melting channel gap formed by the first scanning track to form a second scanning track.
By adopting the technical scheme, the formed first scanning track and the backfilled second scanning track form a complete scanning path, and the subsequent laser scanning is carried out by adopting the scanning mode to form a required structure, so that the heat dissipation is facilitated, and the thermal stress concentration is avoided.
Optionally, the scanning modes include four types;
in the first scanning method, the coordinates of the light starting point P are (0, 0), and the coordinates of the light stopping point Q are (x)1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the second scanning mode are (0, y)1) The coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)1，0）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the third scanning mode are (x)20), the coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)2-x1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the fourth scanning mode are (x)2，y1) The coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)2-x1，0）；
Wherein x is1To scan the pitch, y1For the scanning width, x2Is the scan length.
By adopting the technical scheme, the coordinate scanning modes of different light-emitting points are selected for scanning according to the height of the slice layer to be cut, and the four scanning modes are suitable for forming structures with different shapes; meanwhile, the phenomena of local shortage and light leakage of the edge parts of the parts in the scanning areas in the scanning process are avoided, so that the edge parts of the parts in each scanning area are uniformly scanned, and the stress in each scanning area is uniformly distributed in the part printing process.
Optionally, the part is formed by laser scanning, the lapping mode of the laser scanning is negative lapping, and the lapping rate is 20% to 40%.
Further, the negative lapping adopts the following method: the scanning step length of the first scanning track is equal to the scanning step length of the second scanning track, and the scanning step lengths are 1.2 times to 1.3 times of the width of the melting channel.
Further, when there are at least two scanning areas, the partition pitches between the scanning areas are equal.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the partition intervals between the scanning areas are equal, the scanning at equal intervals is facilitated, and the internal quality of the parts is consistent.
Further, the partition pitch is equal to the scanning pitch.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the partition space is equal to the scanning space, uniform equidistant scanning is realized, the partition overlapping rate is consistent with the scanning overlapping rate, and the internal quality of the part is consistent.
The present invention also provides a scanning apparatus comprising:
the design module is used for establishing a three-dimensional model of a part to be formed, dividing the three-dimensional model to form at least one slice layer, and dividing each slice layer to form at least one scanning area;
the planning module is used for establishing at least two scanning modes, each scanning mode comprises a light starting point, a scanning track and a light closing point, and the positions of the light starting point and the light closing point of each scanning mode are different;
and the scanning module is used for selecting at least one scanning mode according to the height of each slice layer to form the part.
Preferably, the scanning mode is to start discontinuous edge scanning with the light starting point to form a first scanning track; and carrying out reverse discontinuous edge backfill scanning on a melting channel gap formed by the first scanning track to form a second scanning track.
Preferably, the scanning modes include four;
in the first scanning method, the coordinates of the light starting point P are (0, 0), and the coordinates of the light stopping point Q are (x)1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the second scanning mode are (0, y)1) The coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)1，0）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the third scanning mode are (x)20), the coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)2-x1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the fourth scanning mode are (x)2，y1) The coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)2-x1，0）；
Wherein x is1To scan the pitch, y1For the scanning width, x2Is the scan length.
The scanning device provided by the invention has the same technical effect as the scanning method provided by the invention, and the details are not repeated herein.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a scanning method to which the present invention relates;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first scanning mode in the scanning method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a second scanning mode of the scanning method according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third scanning mode in the scanning method according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a fourth scanning mode in the scanning method according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the scanning area scanning completion effect according to the present invention.
Wherein: l1 is the first scanning track, L2 is the second scanning track, x1To scan the pitch, y1For the scanning width, x2For the scan length, P is the light starting point, Q is the light closing point, D is the melt channel width, S1 is the scan step size of the first scan track, S2 is the scan step size of the second scan track, H1 is the first partition spacing, and H2 is the second partition spacing.
Detailed Description
The following describes an embodiment according to the present invention with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and thus the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The additive manufacturing technology is a manufacturing method for directly manufacturing a three-dimensional physical solid model completely consistent with a corresponding mathematical model by adding materials and adopting a layer-by-layer manufacturing mode based on three-dimensional CAD model data.
There are many additive manufacturing methods, and the additive manufacturing methods are mainly classified into manufacturing methods based on a powder feeding method and a powder spreading method. The manufacturing method based on the powder laying mode comprises a selective laser melting technology, and the processing process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly designing a three-dimensional solid model of a part on a computer, then slicing and layering the three-dimensional model through segmentation software to form at least one slice layer, dividing each slice layer to form at least one scanning area to obtain data, then planning a scanning path of each scanning area, then guiding the data into additive manufacturing equipment, paving a layer of powder on the surface of a forming cylinder by a powder paving device according to the thickness of a preset powder layer, selectively melting each layer of powder material by the equipment according to the scanning path control laser, and gradually stacking the powder materials into the three-dimensional part.
The current scanning mode is to scan a scanning area in a slice layer through a single scanning path, but the edge part of a part in the scanning area is easy to have the problems of local shortage and light leakage in the scanning process, the scanning is not uniform, the stress distribution of each partition is not uniform, and the quality of a printed part is poor.
The invention provides a scanning method and a scanning device, aiming at solving the problems of local shortage and light leakage in each scanning area and poor quality of printed parts.
The following is a detailed description of one specific implementation:
as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a scanning method, comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: establishing a three-dimensional model of a part to be formed, dividing the three-dimensional model to form at least one sliced layer, and dividing each sliced layer to form at least one scanning area;
as a possible implementation, a three-dimensional model of the part to be formed is established using any of the three-dimensional software in the prior art.
Step two: at least two scanning modes are established, each scanning mode comprises a light starting point, a scanning track and a light closing point, and the positions of the light starting point and the light closing point of each scanning mode are different.
As a possible implementation, the scanning mode is to start discontinuous edge scanning with the light starting point, forming the first scanning trajectory. And carrying out reverse discontinuous edge backfill scanning on a melting channel gap formed by the first scanning track to form a second scanning track.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, as a possible implementation manner, the scanning manner is a serpentine scanning starting from the light starting point to form the first scanning trajectory L1. And performing reverse serpentine back filling scanning on the melting channel gap formed by the first scanning track L1 to form a second scanning track L2, so as to form a complete scanning track.
Different light starting points are sequentially arranged along a certain direction, so that the edge of a scanning area is in a continuous straight line without missing scanning line segments. And then make the part print the inside of every scanning area and be heated evenly in-process, print the deposit and distribute evenly. In this example, the discontinuous edge scanning manner is a serpentine scanning manner, but of course, the discontinuous edge scanning manner may be other scanning manners suitable for practical use.
It should be noted that there are other scanning methods in addition to the above-described scanning method. For example, when the forward scanning is started by the light starting point and the formed scanning track is irregular (such as triangular), the starting point of the backward backfill scanning is not the end of the scanning track formed by the forward scanning, but the scanning step size of the track formed by the backward backfill scanning is equal to that of the scanning track formed by the forward scanning.
As one possible implementation, four scanning modes are established as shown in fig. 2, the coordinates of the light starting point P in the first scanning mode are (0, 0), and the coordinates of the light closing point Q are (x)1，y1）。
As shown in fig. 3, the coordinates of the light starting point P in the second scanning system are (0, y)1) The coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)1，0）。
As shown in fig. 4, the coordinates of the light starting point P in the third scanning system are (x)20), the coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)2-x1，y1）。
As shown in fig. 5, the coordinates of the light starting point P in the fourth scanning mode are (x)2，y1) The coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)2-x1，0）。
Wherein x is1To scan the pitch, y1For the scanning width, x2Is the scan length.
In one example, when scanning the pitch x1Is 5mm, and a scanning width y1Is 40mm, scan length x2160 mm;
in this case, the coordinates of the light starting point P in the first scanning system are (0, 0), and the coordinates of the light blocking point Q are (5, 40).
In the second scanning method, the coordinates of the light starting point P are (0, 40), and the coordinates of the light blocking point Q are (5, 0).
In the third scanning method, the coordinates of the light starting point P are (160, 0), and the coordinates of the light stopping point Q are (155, 40).
Coordinates of the light starting point P in the fourth scanning system are (160, 40), and coordinates of the light closing point Q are (155, 0).
The position of the light starting point P is related to the position of the light closing point Q, and when the position coordinate of the light starting point P changes, the position coordinate of the light closing point Q changes correspondingly.
As a possible implementation, the part is formed by means of laser scanning. The lapping mode of laser scanning is negative lapping, and the lapping rate is 20-40%.
By adopting the scanning mode of negative lap joint, the gap between adjacent melting channels is larger, and the melting channels are not connected with each other, so that the problem of energy concentration when the high-temperature melting channels are contacted is avoided, the heat dissipation is facilitated, the cracking caused by thermal stress concentration is reduced, and the front layer is easier to form metallurgical fusion with the bottom layer when backfilling scanning is carried out, thereby improving the deposited powder melting effect.
As a possible implementation, the negative lap joint adopts the following method: the scanning step S1 of the first scanning track and the scanning step S2 of the second scanning track are equal and are each 1.2 to 1.3 times the melt channel width (spot diameter) D.
Of course, the scanning method using the negative lap joint is not limited, and the scanning method using the positive lap joint may be set according to actual conditions.
In one example, the scan step S1 of the first scan trajectory and the scan step S2 of the second scan trajectory are equal and are both 10 mm. Of course, the scanning step is not limited to 10mm as long as it is suitable for practical use.
As a possible implementation, the process parameters of laser scanning are as follows: the laser power is 5000W to 8000W, the width D of the melting channel is 6mm to 10mm, and the scanning speed is 800mm/min to 1200 mm/min.
In one example, the width D of the channel is 8 mm, and the process parameters of the laser scanning can be adjusted according to actual needs as long as the actual needs can be met.
As a possible implementation manner, when there are at least two scanning areas, the partition intervals between the scanning areas are equal.
When the partition intervals between the scanning areas are equal, the scanning at equal intervals is facilitated, and the internal quality of the part is consistent.
In one example, a three-dimensional model of a formed part to be formed, which is built by using any one of existing three-dimensional software, is divided to form ten sliced layers, and each sliced layer is divided to form four scanning areas. Of course, the slice layer and the number of the scanning areas divided in the slice layer can be set according to actual situations.
It should be noted that the present step is a routine operation in the prior art, and is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not the main technical feature of the present invention. Therefore, in the present specification, it is only briefly described so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention.
Each slice layer is divided into four scanning areas, as shown in fig. 6, the four scanning areas are arranged in a grid shape, and the division distances between the scanning areas are respectively a first division distance H1 and a second division distance H2, and are all 4 mm to 6 mm. Of course, the division of the slice layer and the size between the partition intervals can be set according to actual conditions.
As a possible implementation, the partition pitch is equal to the scan pitch.
When the partition space is equal to the scanning space, uniform equal-space scanning is realized, so that the partition overlap ratio is consistent with the scanning overlap ratio, and the internal quality of the part is consistent.
In one example, the scan pitch is half the scan step, in an embodiment, the scan pitch x1Is 5mm, the first partition spacing H1 and the second partition spacing H2 are also 5 mm.
Step three: and selecting at least one scanning mode according to the height of each sliced layer to form the part.
As a possible implementation manner, for a part to be formed, after four scanning modes provided in step two are established, four sets of scanning instructions need to be established correspondingly, each set of scanning instructions corresponds to one scanning mode, for example, a first scanning mode corresponds to a first set of scanning instructions, a second scanning mode corresponds to a second set of scanning instructions, a third scanning mode corresponds to a third set of scanning instructions, and a fourth scanning mode corresponds to a fourth set of scanning instructions.
Each slice layer is correspondingly provided with a slice layer command, and each slice layer command comprises the four sets of scanning commands.
During practical application, the slice layer to be scanned is positioned through the slice layer command, different scanning modes are called according to different scanning commands matched with the preset height of the slice layer, and the slice layer is scanned and printed by adopting different scanning modes. Because in the scanning and printing process of the slice layer, different scanning instructions can be called according to the height of the previously formed slice layer, scanning and printing are carried out again until the edge part of the part is scanned and printed uniformly, and therefore the phenomena of local shortage and light leakage at the edge part of the part can be avoided.
For example: after a three-dimensional model of a part to be formed is established through three-dimensional software, the established three-dimensional model is divided into ten slicing layers, each slicing layer corresponds to a preset height H3, and each slicing layer is divided into four scanning areas. The four scanning regions are arranged in a grid shape, and the divisional intervals between the scanning regions are a first divisional interval H1 and a second divisional interval H2, preferably, the first divisional interval H1 is equal to the second divisional interval H2.
In practical application, each scanning area adopts the same scanning mode, namely the four scanning areas are scanned by the same scanning mode to be finished as the first scanning of one slice layer. Because the partition intervals between the scanning areas are equal, the scanning at equal intervals is facilitated, and the internal quality of the parts is consistent.
In practice, the first cut layer command is used when the first cut layer is to be printed. Because each slice layer command comprises four sets of scanning commands, the first slice layer can be scanned and printed by using the first set of scanning commands in the four sets of scanning commands according to the height of the first slice layer of the part to be printed. The height of the first cut layer after scanning and printing is H4, and if the preset height H3 is greater than the height H4 of the first cut layer, the first cut layer command is used again.
The second set of scanning commands in the first slice layer commands can be applied to scan the first slice layer, and so on, the four sets of scanning commands are recycled until the first slice layer height H4 is equal to the preset height H3 or the first slice layer height H4 is greater than the preset height H3, and in this way, the scanning and printing of the first slice layer are completed.
And calling the next scanning instruction at the end of the previous slice layer when the next slice layer is scanned. For example: and when the scanning and printing of the first slice layer are finished, scanning and printing of a second slice layer are carried out. If the finishing instruction when the scanning and printing of the first slice layer are finished is the second set of scanning instruction, the third set of scanning instruction of the second slice layer is called for scanning when the second slice layer is scanned, and the scanning and printing of the subsequent slice layers are started by adopting the mode, so that the printing and forming of the part to be formed are realized.
Of course, the selection of the scanning mode of the scanning area of the part to be formed is not limited to the above mode, and other modes may be adopted as long as the printing and forming of the part can be realized.
The present invention also provides a scanning apparatus comprising: the system comprises a design module, a planning module and a scanning module.
The design module is used for establishing a three-dimensional model of the part to be formed, dividing the three-dimensional model to form at least one slice layer, and dividing each slice layer to form at least one scanning area.
A three-dimensional model of a part to be formed is established in a computer by using any three-dimensional software through a design module. And then dividing the three-dimensional model to form slice layers, wherein the number of the slice layers is set according to the actual situation. And each sliced layer formed by division is divided again to form scanning areas, and the number of the scanning areas is set according to the actual situation. Preparation is made for subsequent laser scanning to form the part.
And the planning module is used for establishing at least two scanning modes, each scanning mode comprises a light starting point, a scanning track and a light closing point, and the positions of the light starting point and the light closing point of each scanning mode are different.
As a possible implementation, the scanning mode is to start discontinuous edge scanning with the light starting point, forming the first scanning trajectory. And carrying out reverse discontinuous edge backfill scanning on a melting channel gap formed by the first scanning track to form a second scanning track.
In one example, the first scan trajectory L1 is formed by performing a serpentine scan starting with a light starting point in a serpentine scan manner. And performing reverse serpentine back filling scanning on the melting channel gap formed by the first scanning track L1 to form a second scanning track L2, so as to form a complete scanning track. The interior of each scanning area is heated uniformly in the printing process of the part, and the printing deposition is distributed uniformly. Of course, the present invention is not limited to the serpentine scanning method, and other methods may be used.
Four scanning modes are described below, in one example;
in the first scanning method, the coordinates of the light starting point P are (0, 0), and the coordinates of the light stopping point Q are (x)1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the second scanning mode are (0, y)1) The coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)1，0）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the third scanning mode are (x)20), the coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)2-x1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the fourth scanning mode are (x)2，y1) The coordinate of the light-blocking point Q is (x)2-x1，0）；
Wherein x is1To scan the pitch, y1For the scanning width, x2Is the scan length.
In this example, the scan pitch x1Is 5mm, and a scanning width y1Is 40mm, scan length x2At 160mm, the coordinate positions of the start and close spots in the corresponding four scan paths are changed. Of course, the position coordinates of the light starting point and the light closing point are not limited to those shown in the above embodiments.
And the scanning module is used for selecting at least two scanning modes according to the height of each slice layer to form the part.
Due to the fact that the scanning area is formed, the scanning mode is planned at the same time, the appropriate scanning mode is selected according to the height of each slice layer, the desired structure is formed, and the quality of the finally formed part meets the requirements.
The scanning device provided by the invention has the same technical effect as the scanning method provided by the invention, and the details are not repeated herein.
In summary, by establishing at least two scanning modes with different positions of the light starting point and the light closing point, the scanning mode adapted to the position of the part is matched for each slice layer according to the height of the part at the moment, that is, the light starting point of the scanning mode is adapted to the height of the part. The phenomenon of local lacuna, light leak appear at the part border position in the scanning zone in the scanning process, ensure that part border position evenly scans in each scanning zone to make the stress evenly distributed in each scanning zone of part printing in-process, promote the inside quality of part when improving part and print surface quality, improve part mechanics nature and then increase of service life. Meanwhile, different scanning step lengths can be set according to the characteristics of the part to be formed and the characteristics of each scanning area, so that the forming quality of the part is ensured.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A scanning method, comprising the steps of:
establishing a three-dimensional model of a part to be formed, dividing the three-dimensional model to form at least one slice layer, and dividing each slice layer to form at least one scanning area;
establishing at least two scanning modes, wherein each scanning mode comprises a light starting point, a scanning track and a light closing point, and the positions of the light starting point and the light closing point of each scanning mode are different;
selecting at least one of the scanning modes according to the height of each slice layer to form a part;
the scanning mode is to start discontinuous edge scanning by the light starting point to form a first scanning track; carrying out reverse discontinuous edge backfill scanning on a melting channel gap formed by the first scanning track to form a second scanning track;
the scanning modes comprise four modes;
in the first scanning mode, the coordinates of the light starting point P are (0, 0), and the coordinates of the light closing point Q are (x)1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light-emitting point P in the second scanning mode are (0, y)1) The coordinate of the closed light point Q is (x)1，0）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the third scanning mode are (x)20), the coordinate of the closed light point Q is (x)2-x1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the fourth scanning mode are (x)2，y1) The coordinate of the closed light point Q is (x)2-x1，0）；
Wherein x is1To scan the pitch, y1For the scanning width, x2Is the scan length.
2. The scanning method according to claim 1, wherein the part is formed by laser scanning, the laser scanning is overlapped by a negative overlap, and the overlap ratio is 20% to 40%.
3. The scanning method according to claim 2, characterized in that the negative lap joint is carried out by: the scanning step length of the first scanning track is equal to the scanning step length of the second scanning track, and the scanning step lengths are 1.2 times to 1.3 times of the width of the melting channel.
4. The scanning method according to claim 1, wherein when there are at least two scanning areas, the partition pitches between the scanning areas are equal.
5. The scanning method according to claim 4, wherein the partition pitch is equal to the scanning pitch.
6. A scanning device, comprising:
the device comprises a design module, a scanning module and a control module, wherein the design module is used for establishing a three-dimensional model of a part to be formed, dividing the three-dimensional model to form at least one slice layer, and dividing each slice layer to form at least one scanning area;
the device comprises a planning module, a scanning module and a control module, wherein the planning module is used for establishing at least two scanning modes, each scanning mode comprises a light starting point, a scanning track and a light closing point, and the positions of the light starting point and the light closing point of each scanning mode are different;
the scanning module is used for selecting at least one scanning mode according to the height of each slice layer to form a part;
the scanning mode is to start discontinuous edge scanning by the light starting point to form a first scanning track; carrying out reverse discontinuous edge backfill scanning on a melting channel gap formed by the first scanning track to form a second scanning track;
the scanning modes comprise four modes;
in the first scanning mode, the coordinates of the light starting point P are (0, 0), and the coordinates of the light closing point Q are (x)1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light-emitting point P in the second scanning mode are (0, y)1) The coordinate of the closed light point Q is (x)1，0）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the third scanning mode are (x)20), the coordinate of the closed light point Q is (x)2-x1，y1）；
The coordinates of the light starting point P in the fourth scanning mode are (x)2，y1) The coordinate of the closed light point Q is (x)2-x1，0）；
Wherein x is1To scan the pitch, y1For the scanning width, x2Is the scan length.
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| CN114247898B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-08-12 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Selective laser melting forming method for reducing residual stress of thin-wall part in situ |
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Address after: Room 201, 2nd Floor, No. 5999 Wuxing Avenue, Zhili Town, Wuxing District, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 313008 (self declared) Patentee after: Xinjinghe Laser Technology Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 102206 513-4, unit 1, 5 / F, building 1, yard 1, Neng Dong Road, Shahe Town, Changping District, Beijing Patentee before: XINJINGHE LASER TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT (BEIJING) Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |