CN110976481B - Copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process - Google Patents
Copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110976481B CN110976481B CN201911252804.XA CN201911252804A CN110976481B CN 110976481 B CN110976481 B CN 110976481B CN 201911252804 A CN201911252804 A CN 201911252804A CN 110976481 B CN110976481 B CN 110976481B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- waste
- flue gas
- brick
- smelting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/20—Agglomeration, binding or encapsulation of solid waste
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
- F23J15/027—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow using cyclone separators
Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment process of hazardous waste containing copper, relates to the technical field of treatment of waste containing copper, and aims to solve the problems of incomplete treatment and environmental pollution caused by the fact that the specificity of various waste containing copper is not considered in the conventional treatment process of the waste containing copper. The method comprises the steps of I-type hazardous waste incineration, II-type hazardous waste pretreatment, brick making and copper brick smelting; the I-type dangerous waste incineration comprises: proportioning and burning to obtain burned clinker; the pretreatment of the II-class dangerous waste comprises the following steps: pre-treating HW49 hazardous waste to remove organic matters and collecting copper-containing powder; brick making: mixing clinker collected after burning the I-type hazardous waste with copper-containing powder collected in the II-type hazardous waste pretreatment, and briquetting to prepare a copper-containing brick block; smelting the copper bricks: and (4) sending the copper-containing bricks into a side-blown converter for smelting to produce the copper matte. The method can perform differential treatment according to the characteristics of the copper-containing hazardous wastes, and has the advantages of high copper conversion rate and small environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of copper-containing waste treatment, in particular to a copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process.
Background
In daily life and production, the copper-containing solid waste is wide in source and complex in components, and mainly comprises copper sludge and environment-friendly sludge generated in the process of purifying and treating heavy metal-containing solid waste, electroplating sludge generated in the electroplating industry, sponge copper generated in various manufacturing industries, waste circuit boards and the like. Part of the copper-containing waste materials are included in the national hazardous waste directory HW49, such as waste circuit boards (including the components, chips, plug-ins, pins, etc. attached to the waste circuit boards).
In order to solve the problem of recycling of copper-containing solid waste resources, China with publication number CN106399692A discloses an enrichment smelting method for recycling of copper-containing solid waste, oxygen is introduced into a lime solution for oxidation conversion of the copper-containing solid waste, conversion slag is mixed with other copper-containing solid waste ingredients, the moisture and the copper content of the mixed materials and the mass ratio of FeO to SiO2 to CaO are respectively kept in required ranges, simultaneously starch is added to prepare bricks, the mixed bricks and coke are alternately added into a smelting furnace, oxygen-enriched air is introduced for enrichment smelting, a heavy-phase melt produced by smelting is controlled to cool down to separate crude copper and matte, the smelting slag is depleted and fuming in a fuming furnace to respectively recover copper and tin, and the smelting slag is milled to further recover copper after ore dressing.
In the process, all the copper-containing solid wastes are treated uniformly, the hazardous wastes in the copper-containing substances are not treated differently, so that the environment pollution is caused, and meanwhile, the problems of incomplete treatment and environment pollution caused by the specificity of various copper-containing wastes are not considered in the treatment process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process which has the advantages of differential treatment according to the characteristics of copper-containing hazardous wastes, high copper conversion rate and low environmental pollution.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a treatment process of copper-containing hazardous waste comprises incineration of I-type hazardous waste, pretreatment of II-type hazardous waste, brick making and copper brick smelting;
the I-type dangerous waste incineration comprises:
s11, preparing materials: firstly, manually batching other dangerous wastes except HW49 in the dangerous waste raw materials, and mixing the water content and the copper content of the raw materials to make the raw materials meet the requirement of entering a furnace;
s12, incineration: feeding the mixed raw materials into a rotary kiln incinerator for incineration, and collecting clinker after waste combustion;
the pretreatment of the II-class dangerous waste comprises the following steps: pre-treating HW49 hazardous waste to remove organic matters and collecting copper-containing powder;
brick making: mixing the clinker collected in the S12 with the copper-containing powder collected in the II-class hazardous waste pretreatment, and briquetting to prepare a copper-containing brick;
smelting the copper bricks: and (4) sending the copper-containing bricks into a side-blown converter for smelting to produce the copper matte.
By adopting the technical scheme, organic compounds in the dangerous waste (except HW 49) can be removed by burning the I-type dangerous waste to generate carbon dioxide and water, so that the copper-containing clinker is obtained, and the dangerous waste is reduced and harmless; the pretreatment of the class II hazardous wastes (HW 49 hazardous wastes) mainly comprises a waste circuit board, wherein the waste circuit board contains a large amount of organic matters with extremely low copper content, and the waste circuit board is pretreated to remove a large amount of organic matters, and then subsequent brick making and smelting treatment are carried out on the residual copper-containing powder, so that the conversion and precipitation rate of copper is improved; the copper-containing brick blocks have certain strength and granularity, the transportation and the treatment are more convenient, the copper content and the water content of the copper-containing brick blocks are certain, the stable combustion performance is realized in the smelting process, the copper slag separation can be better realized in the smelting process, and the copper content of the produced matte is ensured.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the material adopted by the manual batching in the S11 is copper-containing general solid waste, and at least comprises tailings, magnesia bricks, refining slag and copper fine powder; the water content of the mixed raw material after manual batching is less than 25 percent, and the copper content is more than 22 percent.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the moisture content in the useless copper-containing danger after the allotment is less, and copper content is great for the material can not reduce the temperature in the rotary kiln because the moisture content is great in the combustion chamber in the rotary kiln, influences the combustion process in the rotary kiln, and simultaneously, the copper content in the material after the allotment is stable, and the output capacity of the ripe copper is stable, the personnel of being convenient for control.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the pretreatment process of the II-class dangerous waste comprises the following steps:
s21: crushing HW49 dangerous waste;
s22: screening the crushed materials; screening the broken hazardous waste by a vibrating screening machine, sorting the screened waste by a specific gravity sorting machine and a static sorting machine, and finally separating the copper-containing material from the nonmetal.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the breakage to screening and further proportion sorter screening through vibration screening machine for HW49 class that get into electrostatic separation machine are useless to reach optional particle size, separate organic matter and metal through electrostatic separation machine afterwards, make copper-containing powder and nonmetal separately, obtain copper-containing powder, have greatly reduced the material base number in the follow-up processing.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and crushing the HW49 dangerous waste in the S21 into primary crushing and secondary crushing, and returning oversize materials screened by the vibration screening machine to a secondary crushing working section for secondary crushing and then entering the vibration screening machine again.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, useless comparatively thorough breakage has been carried out to HW49 class danger for the difference between the useless fragment of a large amount of dangers only with the weight, and whether the size of weight contains the metal decision on the useless fragment of danger, consequently at the in-process that the useless fragment of follow-up proportion screening machine was selected separately and the electrostatic screening machine was selected separately, copper-containing piece is elected in the branch that can be more accurate, reduces not containing mixing of copper piece, and the screening is more accurate.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the brick making process comprises the following steps:
s31: mixing materials: mixing copper-containing clinker generated by burning I-type hazardous waste and copper-containing powder generated by pretreating II-type hazardous waste in a closed space;
s32: adjusting the copper content: adding common copper-containing solid waste, and adjusting the mixed material until the copper content is more than 25%;
s33: preparing a copper-containing brick: and adding cementing agent cement and water to prepare a copper-containing brick, wherein the ratio of the copper-containing material cement to the water is =18: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the prepared copper-containing brick has very stable copper content and combustion performance, the brick can be stably combusted, and the brick cannot be loosened easily, so that guarantee is provided for preparing matte by subsequent conveying and combustion.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the smelting process of the copper brick comprises the following steps:
s41: adding an additive: adding a cosolvent, a reducing agent and fuel to a proper proportion on the copper-containing brick;
s42: feeding: adding the additive and the copper-containing bricks into a side-blown smelting furnace, and blowing oxygen into the furnace;
s43: and (3) copper matte collection: discharging copper liquid once every two hours, and sending the copper liquid (copper matte) of the mobile phone to a common solid waste area for further smelting;
s44: treating tailings: according to the copper content of the smelted tailings, the copper content is higher than 4.5%, and the smelted tailings are returned to the smelting furnace for continuous smelting; the copper content is lower than 4.5%, and the copper is processed into fine copper powder for later use.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cosolvent, the reducing agent and the fuel are simultaneously added in the process of adding the copper-containing bricks into the smelting furnace, so that in the whole combustion process, the cosolvent, the reducing agent and the fuel can stably help the combustion and melting of the copper-containing bricks, the combustion process cannot be stably carried out due to the fact that the amount of one additive exceeds the standard or does not reach the standard, the yield of the copper matte and the copper content in the tailings are more stable, and the collection process of the copper matte and the tailings is more controllable.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the method also comprises a flue gas treatment process:
s51: secondary combustion: high-temperature dust-containing flue gas produced by the kiln enters a secondary combustion chamber after large-particle-size particles are removed by a cyclone dust collector, and combustion-supporting air and natural gas are blown into the secondary combustion chamber, so that unburned materials and CO in the flue gas are fully combusted at the temperature higher than 1200 ℃;
s52: heat absorption of the waste heat boiler: each furnace is provided with a waste heat boiler, and high-temperature flue gas from the secondary combustion chamber is subjected to waste heat recovery by the waste heat boiler to reduce the temperature of the flue gas to below 650 ℃;
s53: quenching and cooling: a chilling device is adopted to enable the temperature of the flue gas to be suddenly reduced to be below 150 ℃;
s54: activated carbon adsorption: an active carbon device is arranged in a flue outlet behind the chilling device;
s55: flue gas dust removal: a pulse bag type dust collector is arranged behind the active carbon device;
s56: flue gas desulfurization: and the flue gas after dust removal enters a desulfurizing tower, and is discharged into the atmosphere after desulfurization and purification.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the main pollutant in the flue gas that the danger wastes material produced in the combustion process includes smoke and dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, dioxin class, metallic compound (containing heavy metal), through above-mentioned flue gas treatment process, makes main solid-state and gaseous pollutant in the smelting furnace flue gas progressively absorbed, realizes the discharge to reach standard of combustion gas, has reduced the pollution to the environment, and the process of danger useless processing is environmental protection more.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and the steam generated by recovering waste heat by the waste heat boiler is used for heating, heat supplying and power generation in a plant area.
By adopting the technical scheme, the treatment of hazardous wastes is realized, the heat generated in the treatment process is reasonably utilized, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the method comprises the steps of pretreating I-type dangerous waste and II-type dangerous waste separately to obtain a material with high copper content, and then smelting the material into a copper brick, so that the conversion rate of copper in the smelting process is high, the environmental pollution is low, and the yield of matte is stable;
2. through setting up the flue gas treatment process, make main solid-state and gaseous pollutant in the smelting furnace flue gas progressively absorbed, realize the emission up to standard of combustion gas, reduced the pollution to the environment, the process of danger useless processing is environmental protection more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the incineration process of the I-type hazardous wastes.
FIG. 3 is a process flow diagram of a type II hazardous waste pretreatment process.
FIG. 4 is a process flow diagram of a brick making process.
FIG. 5 is a process flow diagram of the copper brick melting process.
FIG. 6 is a process flow diagram of a flue gas treatment process.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a treatment process of copper-containing hazardous waste, which comprises I-type hazardous waste incineration, II-type hazardous waste pretreatment, brick making, copper brick smelting and flue gas treatment.
Wherein, the I-type dangerous waste refers to other dangerous waste except HW49, such as HW12 dye, coating waste, HW17 surface treatment, HW22 copper-containing waste, HW45 organic halide-containing waste, HW46 nickel-containing waste, HW48 non-ferrous metal smelting waste, HW50 waste catalyst and the like. The class II dangerous waste refers to HW49 dangerous waste, and is a waste circuit board commonly.
Referring to fig. 2, the I-type dangerous waste incineration comprises two steps of material preparation and incineration, and specifically comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that purchased general solid waste containing copper is adopted, at least, the general solid waste containing copper at least comprises tailings, magnesia bricks, refining slag, copper fine powder or copper-containing substances with the same properties as the copper fine powder are added into the I-type dangerous waste manually, the water content of mixed raw materials subjected to manual batching is less than 25%, the copper content is greater than 22%, the water content of the copper-containing dangerous waste subjected to blending is smaller, the copper content is larger, the temperature of the material in a rotary kiln cannot be reduced due to the fact that the water content is larger in a combustion chamber in the rotary kiln, the combustion process in the rotary kiln is not influenced, meanwhile, the copper content of the material subjected to blending is stable, the yield of mature copper is stable, and personnel control is facilitated.
The I-type hazardous waste is transported to a dangerous waste area warehouse by a closed truck, and is conveyed into a rotary kiln feed hopper through a feeder, and a pusher and an air locking facility are arranged below the feed hopper to ensure the negative pressure operation of the rotary kiln. The burning temperature in the rotary kiln is about 850 ℃, and semi coke is used as fuel. After the dangerous waste is burnt in the rotary kiln, the copper-containing clinker is produced and discharged from the tail of the rotary kiln, and the copper-containing clinker is sent to a briquetting and brick making process.
Referring to fig. 3, the pretreatment of the class ii hazardous waste comprises: collect copper-containing powder after HW49 class danger is useless through preliminary treatment desorption organic matter, whole process specifically includes useless breakage of danger and broken thing screening, and the technological process is as follows:
HW49 class dangerous useless pretreatment equipment chooses integration disassembly equipment for use, adopts PLC control complete set of production line even feeding, and the crushing screening principle is "tertiary crushing + air current selects separately", gets into the vibration screening machine after two-roll crusher primary crushing, rubbing crusher regrinding in proper order, and oversize returns the regrinding workshop section and smashes once more, and the undersize makes copper powder material and nonmetal separate after selecting separately through proportion sorter, electrostatic separation machine respectively. And (4) sending the organic matter powder separated by pretreatment to a domestic garbage landfill for treatment, and sending the separated copper-containing powder to a brick making process.
The crushing chamber adopts circulating water to control temperature and reduce noise, the full set of production line adopts negative pressure feeding to effectively reduce dust overflow, the feed back system enables crushing to be more efficient, the separation rate of the airflow separation equipment is up to more than 98%, and the crushing section of the pretreatment equipment is provided with a pulse bag type dust collector to collect dust.
Referring to fig. 4, brick making: the process comprises the following steps: mixing materials, adjusting copper content and pressing copper-containing bricks, namely mixing copper-containing clinker from a rotary kiln and copper-containing powder generated by pretreatment of II-class hazardous wastes by a closed mixing and proportioning machine, adding purchased fine copper powder to control the copper content of the mixed materials to be more than 25%, feeding the mixed materials into a brick making system, proportioning certain amount of tailings or refining slag according to the copper content of the tailings and the refining slag, adding cementing agent cement and water to prepare the copper-containing bricks, and finally preparing the copper-containing materials in the copper-containing bricks, wherein the ratio of the cement to the water is =18: 1. The copper content and the combustion performance of the prepared copper-containing brick are very stable, the brick can be stably combusted, and the brick cannot be loosened easily, so that guarantee is provided for preparing matte by subsequent conveying and combustion.
Referring to fig. 5, the copper brick smelting process comprises the steps of adding additives, feeding, copper matte collection and tailing treatment, and specifically comprises the following steps:
adding limestone and quartz stone as fluxing agents into copper-containing bricks prepared in a brick making process, wherein the limestone is copper bricks =1:10, the quartz stone is copper bricks =1:10, and adding iron oxide powder as a reducing agent, wherein the iron oxide powder is copper bricks =1:10, adding semi-coke as fuel, and the semi-coke is copper bricks =1:7, conveying the copper-containing bricks, the cosolvent, the reducing agent and the fuel to the upper part of a side-blowing smelting furnace, feeding the copper-containing bricks, the reducing agent and the fuel into the furnace from a furnace top feeding hole, and simultaneously blowing oxygen into the furnace by an air blower to enable the oxygen in air entering the furnace to reach 28-30%, and completing the whole smelting process by a preheating zone and a reducing zone under the self-weight effect of the copper-containing bricks, the reducing agent, the fluxing agents and the fuel in the furnace.
The smelting temperature of the oxygen-enriched smelting furnace is 1100-. The tailings are light and are discharged from an upper slag discharge port; the copper content of the tailings is higher than 4.5% according to the copper content, and the tailings are returned to the smelting furnace for continuous smelting; the copper content is lower than 4.5%, and the copper content is sent to a flotation plant to be processed into copper fine powder. The matte obtained by smelting is heavier (the copper content is between 20 and 70 percent), sinks at the lower layer, can flow out from a copper discharging port at the lower part of the smelting furnace, and is sent to a common solid waste area as an intermediate product for further smelting.
Referring to fig. 6, the flue gas treatment process includes: the method comprises the following steps of secondary combustion, heat absorption of a waste heat boiler, quenching and cooling, activated carbon adsorption, flue gas dedusting and flue gas desulfurization, and aims to remove smoke dust, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, dioxin and metal compounds (containing heavy metals) in the flue gas generated by hazardous wastes in the combustion process, so that the flue gas of a smelting furnace is discharged up to the standard. The specific steps are as follows:
secondary combustion: high-temperature dust-containing flue gas produced by the kiln enters a secondary combustion chamber after large-particle-size particles are removed by a cyclone dust collector, combustion-supporting air and natural gas are blown in, unburned materials and CO in the flue gas are fully combusted at the temperature higher than 1200 ℃, the residence time of the flue gas is longer than 2 seconds, dioxin is thoroughly decomposed, and part of metal dust is settled. The main chemical reactions that take place in post combustion are: 2CO + O2=2CO2。
Heat absorption of the waste heat boiler: each furnace is equipped with a waste heat boiler, and high-temperature flue gas from the secondary combustion chamber is recovered by waste heat through the waste heat boiler to reduce the temperature of the flue gas to below 650 ℃, preferably about 600 ℃. The steam generated by recovering the waste heat of the waste heat boiler is used for heating, heating and generating power in a plant area, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved.
Quenching and cooling: the chilling device is adopted to quench the temperature of the flue gas to about 150 ℃ within 1 second, so that a dioxin regeneration working condition area at 350-500 ℃ is avoided or greatly shortened, and the generation of harmful dioxin gas is greatly reduced.
Activated carbon adsorption: an active carbon device is arranged in a flue outlet behind the chilling device, and the active carbon device can adsorb residual harmful substances in the flue gas and prevent the harmful substances from flowing out along with the flue gas;
flue gas dust removal: a pulse bag type dust collector is arranged behind the active carbon device, and the flue gas finally enters the pulse bag type dust collector to remove more than 99.5 percent of solid smoke dust in the flue gas;
flue gas desulfurization: a desulfurizing tower is arranged behind the pulse bag type dust collector. In the embodiment of the invention, the dual-alkali method is adopted for desulfurization, the flue gas is in countercurrent contact with the NaOH absorption liquid from bottom to top from top to bottom in the reverse spray pipe, and after the gas and the liquid are fully contacted, SO is added2Reacting with halogen and NaOH absorption liquid to generate Na2SO3Simultaneously, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 70 ℃, and more than 80 percent of SO in the flue gas2Absorbed, the flue gas is desulfurized and purified in the absorption tower, the water mist is removed by the demister, the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the direct exhaust chimney at the top of the desulfurization tower, and the clean flue gas reaching the standard is converged into the exhaust funnel and discharged. The desulfurized alkali liquor is recycled, and NaOH absorbs SO2Then sodium sulfite is generated, the sodium sulfite is oxidized to react with calcium hydroxide and then is converted into calcium sulfate precipitate, and after the calcium sulfate is fished out, the NaOH waste liquid is recycled as a desulfurizer and is not discharged.
Through the flue gas treatment process, main solid and gaseous pollutants in the kiln flue gas are gradually absorbed, the standard emission of combustion gas is realized, the pollution to the environment is reduced, and the process of hazardous waste treatment is more environment-friendly. The flue gas treatment process can be independently applied to various combustion furnaces.
Harmful substances of the hazardous waste are gradually and reasonably removed after the hazardous waste is treated by the copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process, so that general solid waste-matte is finally obtained, the matte can be used for subsequent continuous copper smelting, harmful gases are gradually removed, and finally the matte is cleanly discharged into the atmosphere, so that the environment cannot be polluted in the treatment process, and the copper conversion rate is high and the environmental pollution is small.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of I-type hazardous waste incineration, II-type hazardous waste pretreatment, brick making and copper brick smelting;
the I-type dangerous waste incineration comprises:
s11, preparing materials: firstly, manually batching other dangerous wastes except HW49 in the dangerous waste raw materials, and mixing the water content and the copper content of the raw materials to make the raw materials meet the requirement of entering a furnace;
s12, incineration: feeding the mixed raw materials into a rotary kiln incinerator for incineration, and collecting clinker after waste combustion;
the pretreatment of the II-class dangerous waste comprises the following steps: pre-treating HW49 hazardous waste to remove organic matters and collecting copper-containing powder;
the pretreatment process of the II-class dangerous waste comprises the following steps:
s21: crushing HW49 dangerous waste: crushing the HW49 dangerous waste into primary crushing and secondary crushing, returning oversize materials screened by the vibrating screen classifier to a secondary crushing working section for secondary crushing, and then re-entering the vibrating screen classifier;
s22: screening the crushed materials: screening the broken hazardous waste by a vibration screening machine, sorting the screened waste by a specific gravity sorting machine and sorting by an electrostatic sorting machine, and finally separating copper-containing powder from nonmetal;
brick making: mixing the clinker collected in the S12 with the copper-containing powder collected in the II-class hazardous waste pretreatment, and briquetting to prepare a copper-containing brick;
the brick making process comprises the following steps:
s31: mixing materials: mixing clinker generated by burning I-type hazardous waste and copper-containing powder generated by preprocessing II-type hazardous waste in a closed space;
s32: adjusting the copper content: adding common copper-containing solid waste, and adjusting the mixed material until the copper content is more than 25%;
s33: preparing a copper-containing brick: adding cementing agent cement and water to prepare a copper-containing brick, wherein the ratio of the copper-containing material cement to the water is =18: 1;
smelting the copper bricks: sending the copper-containing bricks into a side-blown smelting furnace for smelting to produce matte;
the smelting process of the copper brick comprises the following steps:
s41: adding an additive: adding a cosolvent, a reducing agent and fuel to a proper proportion on the copper-containing brick;
s42: feeding: adding the additive and the copper-containing bricks into a side-blown smelting furnace, and blowing oxygen into the furnace;
s43: and (3) copper matte collection: discharging copper liquid every two and a half hours, and sending the collected copper liquid to a common solid waste area for further smelting;
s44: treating tailings: according to the copper content of the smelted tailings, the copper content is higher than 4.5%, and the smelted tailings are returned to the side-blown smelting furnace for continuous smelting; the copper content is lower than 4.5 percent, and the copper is processed into copper fine powder for standby;
flue gas treatment process:
s51: secondary combustion: high-temperature dust-containing flue gas produced by the rotary kiln and the side-blown smelting furnace enters a secondary combustion chamber after large-particle-size particles are removed by a cyclone dust collector, and combustion-supporting air and natural gas are blown in to ensure that unburned materials and CO in the flue gas are fully combusted at the temperature higher than 1200 ℃;
s52: heat absorption of the waste heat boiler: the rotary kiln and the side-blown smelting furnace are both provided with waste heat boilers, and high-temperature flue gas from the secondary combustion chamber is subjected to waste heat recovery by the waste heat boilers to reduce the temperature of the flue gas to below 650 ℃;
s53: quenching and cooling: a chilling device is adopted to enable the temperature of the flue gas to be suddenly reduced to be below 150 ℃;
s54: activated carbon adsorption: an active carbon device is arranged in a flue outlet behind the chilling device;
s55: flue gas dust removal: a pulse bag type dust collector is arranged behind the active carbon device;
s56: flue gas desulfurization: and the flue gas after dust removal enters a desulfurizing tower, and is discharged into the atmosphere after desulfurization and purification.
2. The copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material adopted by the manual batching in the S11 is copper-containing general solid waste, and at least comprises tailings, magnesia bricks, refining slag and copper fine powder; the water content of the mixed raw material after manual batching is less than 25 percent, and the copper content is more than 22 percent.
3. The copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the steam generated by recovering waste heat by the waste heat boiler is used for heating, heat supplying and power generation in a plant area.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911252804.XA CN110976481B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911252804.XA CN110976481B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110976481A CN110976481A (en) | 2020-04-10 |
| CN110976481B true CN110976481B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
Family
ID=70091517
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911252804.XA Active CN110976481B (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110976481B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111747727B (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2023-12-12 | 湖北翔瑞环保有限公司 | System and process for sintering copper-nickel-containing solid hazardous waste |
| CN113088697A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-09 | 洛南环亚源铜业有限公司 | Crude copper treatment process and treatment device thereof |
| CN112923377A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-06-08 | 湖南金马冶金技术开发有限公司 | Process method and process device for cooperatively treating hazardous waste by burning in rotary kiln and reducing and smelting in side-blown furnace |
| CN114836630A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-08-02 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Method and system for cooperatively treating hazardous waste containing copper by copper concentrate |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1611308A (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-04 | 登峰机械工业有限公司 | Copper foil recovery method for circuit board |
| CN101642765A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-02-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Recycling method of discarded circuit board |
| CN101648202A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-02-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for recycling and reusing waste electronic element |
| CN103667738A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-03-26 | 个旧市光穆有色金属尾矿废渣综合回收有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched side-blowing dual-area bath smelting furnace and method for smelting copper matte by using copper-containing complex material |
| CN105782986A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏理工学院 | Cooperative treatment technology for copper-containing electronic wastes |
| CN106399699A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-02-15 | 浙江富冶集团有限公司 | Process for treating sludge with copper import |
| CN106399692A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-15 | 中南大学 | Concentration smelting method for resource utilization of copper-containing solid waste |
| CN107058747A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-18 | 中南大学 | The method of oxygen-enriched top blowing copper weld pool collocation processing waste printed circuit board |
| CN108642286A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-12 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | A kind of processing method of wiring board |
| CN108707750A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-10-26 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | A kind of integrated conduct method of copper-contained sludge and wiring board |
| CN108998661A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-14 | 广州叶林环保科技有限公司 | A kind of vertical drying kiln sintering joint oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting technology |
| CN109652653A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 广州叶林环保科技有限公司 | A kind of inorganic dangerous waste system process |
| CN110306054A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-10-08 | 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 | A kind of recovery method of old circuit board valuable metal |
-
2019
- 2019-12-09 CN CN201911252804.XA patent/CN110976481B/en active Active
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1611308A (en) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-05-04 | 登峰机械工业有限公司 | Copper foil recovery method for circuit board |
| CN101642765A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-02-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Recycling method of discarded circuit board |
| CN101648202A (en) * | 2009-09-04 | 2010-02-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for recycling and reusing waste electronic element |
| CN103667738A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-03-26 | 个旧市光穆有色金属尾矿废渣综合回收有限公司 | Oxygen-enriched side-blowing dual-area bath smelting furnace and method for smelting copper matte by using copper-containing complex material |
| CN105782986A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-07-20 | 江苏理工学院 | Cooperative treatment technology for copper-containing electronic wastes |
| CN106399692A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-15 | 中南大学 | Concentration smelting method for resource utilization of copper-containing solid waste |
| CN106399699A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-02-15 | 浙江富冶集团有限公司 | Process for treating sludge with copper import |
| CN107058747A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-08-18 | 中南大学 | The method of oxygen-enriched top blowing copper weld pool collocation processing waste printed circuit board |
| CN110306054A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2019-10-08 | 荆门市格林美新材料有限公司 | A kind of recovery method of old circuit board valuable metal |
| CN108642286A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-12 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | A kind of processing method of wiring board |
| CN108707750A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-10-26 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | A kind of integrated conduct method of copper-contained sludge and wiring board |
| CN108998661A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-14 | 广州叶林环保科技有限公司 | A kind of vertical drying kiln sintering joint oxygen-enriched side-blowing smelting technology |
| CN109652653A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-04-19 | 广州叶林环保科技有限公司 | A kind of inorganic dangerous waste system process |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110976481A (en) | 2020-04-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110976481B (en) | Copper-containing hazardous waste treatment process | |
| CN111020212B (en) | Recovery process of copper from copper-containing waste metal | |
| CN102399993B (en) | Method for treating waste residue from wet method gold smelting | |
| CN110923455B (en) | Crude copper converting process | |
| WO2019042157A1 (en) | Comprehensive resourceful treatment system for electronic waste and method therefor | |
| CN102965509A (en) | Method and device for treating daub and iron-rich heavy metal solid waste of waste lead-acid storage battery | |
| CN102965510A (en) | Reduction sulfur-fixing bath smelting method and device of low-sulfur lead-containing secondary material and iron-rich heavy metal solid waste | |
| CN113680795A (en) | Method for energy-efficient synergistic treatment of waste incineration fly ash and multi-source solid waste | |
| CN111893310A (en) | Harmless recycling treatment method for solid hazardous waste | |
| CN109652653A (en) | A kind of inorganic dangerous waste system process | |
| CN107952786B (en) | Method for treating solid hazardous waste | |
| CN110373552A (en) | A kind of harmless treatment process using the low-grade lead-zinc residue of oxygen-enriched side-blowing furnace bath smelting | |
| CN114395702B (en) | Process for recycling waste activated carbon by oxygen-enriched side-blown molten pool smelting furnace | |
| CN111826526A (en) | Method and device for environment-friendly recovery of precious metals in waste circuit board through combined smelting of waste circuit board, copper concentrate and desulfurized gypsum | |
| JP2003039056A (en) | Waste treatment method and apparatus utilizing metal refining process | |
| CN112063848B (en) | Metallurgical furnace for treating copper-containing sludge and treatment method thereof | |
| CN110616334B (en) | Method for cooperatively treating semicoke and zinc-containing dust | |
| CN112676321A (en) | Method and system for cooperatively treating waste incineration fly ash in steel mill | |
| CN108034829A (en) | A kind of method of the bag-type dust ash production containing scum and high zinc material | |
| JP6327943B2 (en) | Method for recovering valuable metals in waste | |
| CN109680151B (en) | Inorganic hazardous waste oxygen-enriched side-blown treatment process | |
| CN113088697A (en) | Crude copper treatment process and treatment device thereof | |
| CN104831076A (en) | Resource recycling process of solid waste calcium sulfate | |
| JPH11302748A (en) | Method for recovering valuable metal | |
| CN206438155U (en) | A kind of waste and old circuit board processing equipment for recycling |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |