CN110971666A - Internet of things management system and communication method thereof - Google Patents
Internet of things management system and communication method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110971666A CN110971666A CN201911059940.7A CN201911059940A CN110971666A CN 110971666 A CN110971666 A CN 110971666A CN 201911059940 A CN201911059940 A CN 201911059940A CN 110971666 A CN110971666 A CN 110971666A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/02—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP]
- H04L67/025—Protocols based on web technology, e.g. hypertext transfer protocol [HTTP] for remote control or remote monitoring of applications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/06—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications
- H04L41/0631—Management of faults, events, alarms or notifications using root cause analysis; using analysis of correlation between notifications, alarms or events based on decision criteria, e.g. hierarchy, tree or time analysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
Abstract
The invention discloses an Internet of things management system and a communication method thereof, wherein the management system comprises an Internet of things data acquisition terminal for acquiring various data of Internet of things equipment; the management center is used for monitoring each piece of Internet of things equipment by using the data uploaded by the Internet of things data acquisition terminal and processing each operation request sent by the management terminal; and the management terminal is used for receiving various data of the Internet of things equipment sent by the management center and sending control data to control the Internet of things equipment through the management center. The invention realizes remote monitoring and management of the Internet of things equipment, solves the problems of time and labor consumption and low efficiency of monitoring and maintenance operation, saves labor cost and time cost, improves the equipment stability and prolongs the service life of the equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of things, in particular to an Internet of things management system and a communication method thereof.
Background
The technology of the internet of things is a cross-disciplinary project and relates to the fields of automation, communication, computers, management science and the like. The widespread use of the internet of things also faces numerous problems:
firstly, the problem of equipment compatibility is solved, and how to solve the problem that a sensor used in the internet of things is compatible with a sensor applied by original equipment is one of the problems faced by the popularization of the internet of things. The key point of equipment compatibility is the unification of standards, and the current three industrial wireless standards of HART, ISA and WIA-PA are compatible with the IEEE802.15.4 wireless network protocol, but the compatibility of the three standards has certain problems. This requires specialized hardware design services to overcome the associated technical difficulties.
Secondly, the problem of data acquisition and processing is solved, the sensor with low price and good performance is a cornerstone applied to the Internet of things, and the development of the Internet of things requires a more accurate, more intelligent, more efficient and more compatible sensor technology. The intelligent data acquisition technology is a new direction for the development of the Internet of things, and the revolution of the sensor technology is the technological base for the great development of the Internet of things.
Another very important problem is the safety problem of the internet of things, which mainly relates to the processes of data acquisition safety, network transmission safety and the like, and the information safety plays a key role in enterprise operation, for example, data acquisition in the industries of metallurgy, coal, petroleum and the like needs long-time continuous operation, and the premise that the accuracy of information in the data acquisition and transmission processes is guaranteed is that the internet of things is applied to actual production.
Because the intelligent degree of the internet of things communication equipment is different and the formats of the communication protocol data messages are different. The existing internet of things system is difficult to access to various communication devices at present.
Protocol conversion method between the internet of things based device and the management center also appears in the prior art, and CN102769608 patent mentions internet of things protocol conversion system and conversion method. The method is only a conventional intelligent device communication protocol conversion processing method. I.e., the process of converting protocol a into protocol B, using a technical approach known to those skilled in the art, i.e., the protocol a is parsed and then converted from protocol a into protocol B. The CN109800259 patent mentions a data acquisition method, which only describes protocol conversion rules and protocol conversion processes corresponding to the acquisition task, and does not relate to an interconnection protocol conversion process between the internet of things intelligent device and the terminal platform, and does not relate to a system management method for the internet of things device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the prior art is insufficient, and provides an Internet of things management system and a communication method thereof, so that remote monitoring and management of Internet of things equipment are realized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an internet of things management system, comprising: thing networking data acquisition terminal, thing networking equipment management center and management terminal, its characterized in that:
the data protocol analysis library file and the equipment point table file are arranged in the Internet of things data acquisition terminal, and are connected with the equipment to be acquired of the Internet of things through a serial port, an Ethernet port or a CAN bus and carry out data communication, the state and the data of the equipment of the Internet of things are acquired, and the acquired data are uploaded to a management center through a wired or wireless network;
the Internet of things equipment management center is used for monitoring all Internet of things equipment by using data uploaded by the Internet of things data acquisition terminal, processing all operation requests sent by the management terminal, configuring an alarm strategy according to equipment operation data and an equipment point table, and pushing a fault formation maintenance processing list to the management terminal by combining with a fault diagnosis unit and an expert countermeasure system for analysis;
and the management terminal is used for receiving various data of the Internet of things equipment sent by the management center, sending control data through the management center to control the Internet of things equipment, a user or an Internet of things equipment manager, interacting with the management center through the management terminal, acquiring the running state of the equipment and a maintenance and maintenance task, processing the maintenance and maintenance task, and returning the processing process data to the management center.
The management center includes:
the information center is used for realizing basic information management, equipment personnel management, routing inspection management, log management and safety management of all the Internet of things equipment;
the monitoring center is used for remotely and safely storing and accessing various data uploaded by the information center, providing real-time analysis and diagnosis, alarming abnormal conditions and timely notifying the management terminal;
the maintenance and maintenance center is used for equipment management operators to log in the management center through the management terminal so as to realize equipment management, part management and maintenance and repair treatment on the equipment;
and the expert countermeasure system is used for processing the plan of the equipment fault through the fault name.
The monitoring center includes:
the data storage module is used for storing the data acquired by the data acquisition terminal of the Internet of things and the intermediate result data of the operation on a safe storage medium in a distributed and rapid manner; and storing the currently transmitted real-time data in a server memory. And storing the data after the analysis into a database.
The data transmission module is used for calling the security processing module to verify the security of the data before the data storage module obtains and stores the data, then storing the data to be stored in real time through the data storage module, calling the data diagnosis module to analyze the data, and if the data is analyzed to have a fault, adopting a plan provided by an expert countermeasure system to deal with the fault; the transmitted data comprises equipment state data, operation data and equipment use condition data which are acquired by an Internet of things equipment management center;
the data visualization module is used for displaying statistical analysis information of the Internet of things equipment on the monitoring center and the management terminal, and displaying alarm and fault information in a distinguishing manner;
and the data diagnosis module is used for receiving the monitoring data sent by the data transmission module, judging whether the equipment has faults or not after classifying and calculating the data, and calling a plan in the expert countermeasure system for processing if the faults exist.
The data diagnosis module includes:
the fault diagnosis unit is used for receiving the monitoring data of the data transmission module, classifying the data, comparing the classified monitoring data with a monitoring threshold value, synthesizing comparison results of a plurality of threshold values and threshold values set in the system, giving out whether a fault exists or not, and calling the plan execution unit to process if the fault exists;
the pre-planning execution unit is used for selecting a pre-planning in the expert countermeasure system according to the specified identification for the equipment fault, processing the equipment fault according to the pre-planning through the fault processing unit, informing a manager to carry out manual processing if no pre-planning exists, and carrying out pre-planning and filing the processing process to the expert countermeasure system after the manual processing;
and the fault processing unit is used for extracting a plan and processing equipment faults, feeding back equipment processing information to the expert countermeasure system, and informing a maintenance technician closest to the equipment to arrive at the site to remove the faults through the management terminal.
The expert countermeasure system includes:
the fault filing module is used for retrieving the filed plans through fault names, receiving new filing applications submitted by the fault processing unit and storing the filed plans into the knowledge base module after the filing is passed;
the knowledge base module is used for accessing the plans and providing multi-dimensional indexes for establishing the plans so as to ensure the distinctiveness of the plans, carrying out weight identification on each dimension of each plan, calculating the weight value of each dimension to obtain a total weight value, and carrying out merging processing if the total weight value is greater than a set threshold value.
And the inference machine module is used for fuzzy matching of faults, finding the most possible fault record of the previous time through a frequency algorithm and an approximation algorithm, and providing a fault prediction mechanism. The frequency algorithm is the frequency of fault occurrence within a set threshold time, the similarity algorithm is to set fault attributes to different dimensions, weight identification is carried out on the dimension values, the comparison between the comprehensive weight sum of all the attributes and a set weight threshold is calculated, and if the calculation frequency or the total weight value of fault calculation is larger than the set threshold, the latest fault can be found.
The maintenance center comprises:
the equipment operation module is used for recording operation data of the equipment in a maintenance period and providing a statistical analysis view for maintenance personnel to check through the management terminal;
the maintenance management module is used for managing maintenance information, including information of maintenance personnel, information of maintenance parts, maintenance reasons and replacement information;
the maintenance management module is used for managing maintenance information of the equipment of the Internet of things, and comprises maintenance personnel, a maintenance triggering type, maintenance process records, maintenance positions, replacement part information and dispatching order information;
and the work order management module is used for managing generation, execution, feedback and evaluation of a repair or maintenance work order and dispatching the most appropriate maintenance and maintenance personnel to process work dispatching tasks according to the distance.
The internet of things data acquisition terminal acquires equipment motion data and equipment state data and uploads the data to the management center; the management center automatically generates maintenance data records of the Internet of things equipment and the components according to the type corresponding to the Internet of things equipment and the maintenance template associated with the components, namely when the running times of the components reach a maintenance set threshold value or when the service time of the components reaches a set time threshold value limit; the management center pushes the maintenance record of the Internet of things equipment to a maintenance manufacturer of the corresponding Internet of things equipment and a management terminal of a maintenance worker; the maintenance personnel log in through the management terminal, inquire the distributed maintenance records, execute the maintenance items in the maintenance list one by one, and input the contents of the maintenance records, images before and after maintenance and maintenance replacement accessory information on the management terminal; and the Internet of things equipment management user logs in the Internet of things equipment management center, and selects the Internet of things equipment or scans the two-dimensional code on the Internet of things equipment for maintenance declaration.
The invention also provides a communication method of the Internet of things management system, which comprises the steps of
1) Establishing an Internet of things equipment point list file; developing a protocol analysis library of the Internet of things equipment;
2) downloading the Internet of things equipment point list file into an Internet of things data acquisition terminal or importing the Internet of things equipment point list file into the Internet of things data acquisition terminal; importing the protocol analysis library into an Internet of things data acquisition terminal;
3) the data acquisition terminal of the Internet of things selects different communication interfaces according to configuration equipment manufacturers and PLC types, configures different communication parameters according to the selected communication interface types, and configures IP addresses and port numbers for communication with equipment by an Ethernet port, configures communication serial port numbers for serial communication, baud rates, check bits, stop bits and Can bus communication configuration baud rates;
4) the Internet of things data acquisition terminal loads equipment point table files and protocol analysis libraries of different manufacturers according to equipment manufacturer codes in a configuration terminal configuration table;
5) the Internet of things data acquisition terminal circularly calls an interface in the protocol analysis library to acquire equipment data according to the Internet of things equipment point table, fills the analyzed Internet of things equipment point table data into an attribute value in the Internet of things equipment point table row attribute, completes the data acquisition work of the Internet of things equipment controller point table, uploads the Internet of things equipment point table acquisition data to the Internet of things equipment management center, and completes the real-time data acquisition of the Internet of things equipment;
6) the Internet of things data acquisition terminal monitors an instruction from a management center, receives the instruction from the management center, analyzes the instruction into control and sends the control to a protocol analysis library, the protocol analysis library converts a point table into a physical address corresponding to a controller according to the point table configuration of the Internet of things equipment after receiving the instruction, and calls an address instruction set in the protocol analysis library to set the address of the controller to complete the action of the control instruction.
In the step 1), the internet of things equipment point table file is used for describing product sustainability of equipment, and the product sustainability of the equipment comprises equipment type, equipment number and running duration; defining each attribute into a row in an Internet of things equipment point table, wherein the single attribute comprises a number, a name, a data type, a classification, a PLC physical area, a PLC physical address, a length, an attribute value and a description.
In step 6), the instruction of the management center includes an instruction for controlling the starting device and an instruction for controlling the closing device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes remote monitoring and management of the Internet of things equipment, solves the problems of time and labor consumption and low efficiency of monitoring and maintenance operation, saves labor cost and time cost, improves the equipment stability and prolongs the service life of the equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of an internet of things management system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a software architecture diagram of an internet of things management system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a working principle block diagram of the data acquisition terminal of the internet of things.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a cpu operation unit of the data acquisition terminal of the internet of things.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an ethernet communication unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a serial communication unit according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a controller can communication unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a schematic composition diagram of an internet of things management system according to the present invention.
The system comprises an Internet of things management system, an Internet of things data acquisition terminal and a management terminal.
The system consists of an Internet of things management system, an Internet of things data acquisition terminal and a management terminal.
The management system of the Internet of things is used for monitoring equipment of the Internet of things, monitoring the service life of easily-worn and consumable parts of the equipment of the Internet of things, early warning and alarm processing of equipment states and faults, data acquisition and storage, data distribution and the like; and processing each operation request sent by the administrator through the management terminal in real time and returning instant information. The Internet of things equipment management center consists of a monitoring center, a maintenance and protection center, a management terminal, an information center and an expert countermeasure system.
The monitoring center stores and accesses various data uploaded by the data acquisition terminal of the Internet of things in a remote and safe manner, provides real-time analysis and diagnosis, gives an alarm for abnormal conditions, timely informs an operator of the management terminal in various communication modes, and processes the data according to a plan given by the fault diagnosis unit. The monitoring center consists of a data transmission module, a data storage module, a data diagnosis module and a data visualization module.
The data storage module is used for storing data collected by the Internet of things equipment management center and intermediate result data of operation on a safe storage medium in a distributed and rapid mode by using a cloud storage technology. And storing the currently transmitted real-time data in a server memory. And storing the data after the analysis into a database.
The data transmission module is used for calling the safety processing module to verify the safety of the data before the data storage module obtains and stores the data, then the data to be stored is stored in real time through the data storage module, the data diagnosis module is called to analyze the data, and a plan provided by the expert countermeasure system is adopted to deal with the analyzed data if a fault exists. The transmitted data comprises equipment state data, operation data, equipment use condition data and the like acquired through the Internet of things equipment management center.
The data visualization module is used for displaying statistical analysis information of the Internet of things equipment on a large screen of the monitoring center and the management terminal by means of majority analysis and imaging, and displaying alarm and fault information in a distinguishing manner.
And the data diagnosis module is used for receiving the monitoring data sent by the data transmission module and judging whether the equipment has faults or not after classifying and calculating the data. If the fault exists, the plan in the expert countermeasure system is called for processing. The data diagnosis module consists of a fault diagnosis unit, a plan execution unit and a fault processing unit.
And the fault diagnosis unit is used for receiving the monitoring data of the data transmission module, classifying the data, comparing the classified monitoring data with the monitoring threshold value, and giving out whether a fault exists by integrating a plurality of threshold values and the comparison result of the threshold values set in the system. And if the fault exists, calling the plan execution unit to process.
The plan executing unit is used for selecting a plan in the expert countermeasure system according to the specified identification of the equipment fault and processing the equipment fault according to the plan through the fault processing unit. And if no plan exists, informing a manager to carry out manual processing. After manual processing, the processing process can be pre-recorded and submitted to an expert countermeasure system.
And the fault processing unit is used for extracting a plan and processing equipment faults and feeding back equipment processing information to the expert countermeasure system. And the fault handling unit can notify the service technician nearest to the device to arrive at the site to remove the fault through the management terminal device.
The expert countermeasure system is used for searching a plan for processing equipment faults through parameters such as fault names and the like. Meanwhile, by collecting fault names, recording fault repair methods, used tools, replaced accessories, codes and uploaded pictures, and evaluating by customers, after an expert judges that the processing scheme is effective, recording the processing process as a new plan and storing the new plan in a knowledge base of an expert countermeasure system, and accumulating experiences for subsequent fault processing. The expert countermeasure system consists of a fault filing module, a knowledge base module and an inference engine module.
The fault recording module provides a pre-recorded scheme for searching through various parameters such as fault names and the like. And receiving a new filing application submitted by the fault processing unit, and storing the pre-filed application in the knowledge base after the filing is passed.
And the knowledge base module is used for accessing the plans. And simultaneously, multi-dimensional indexes for establishing the plan are provided, and the distinctiveness of the plan is ensured, namely the plan with high similarity is merged.
The inference engine module is used for fuzzy matching of faults and finding the most possible fault record of the previous time through a frequency algorithm and an approximation algorithm. And also provides a failure prediction mechanism. The frequency algorithm is the frequency of fault occurrence within a set threshold time, the similarity algorithm is to set fault attributes to different dimensions, weight identification is carried out on the dimension values, the comparison between the comprehensive weight sum of all the attributes and a set weight threshold is calculated, and if the calculation frequency or the total weight value of fault calculation is larger than the set threshold, the latest fault can be found.
The information center provides basic information management, equipment personnel management, routing inspection management, log management and safety management functions for all the Internet of things equipment, and provides support for uniformly and comprehensively managing a plurality of Internet of things equipment.
The basic information management is used for registering information of each device, and the information comprises basic information of the device, such as geographic position, device type, owner, registration date and the like. And can manage a plurality of internet of things devices belonging to the same organization and individual.
And the equipment personnel management is used for registering operation enterprises, personnel and maintainers of each Internet of things equipment. And the method is convenient for appointing specific maintenance personnel and equipment management personnel to process when the faults are processed.
And the inspection management is used for recording equipment inspection information and reminding an operator of the equipment of the Internet of things to inspect when the inspection date is close to or exceeds the inspection date.
And the log management is used for an operator, a manufacturer and a manager of the Internet of things equipment to check the history of the remotely operated Internet of things equipment and the operator of the Internet of things equipment.
And the safety management is used for recording the safety event information of the equipment of the Internet of things.
The maintenance and maintenance center provides equipment management operators to log in the Internet of things management system through the management terminal, and equipment management, part management and maintenance processing of the equipment are achieved. The equipment management personnel can check the running parameters of the whole equipment, the running times of moving parts, the maintenance record condition and the maintenance record condition of the equipment through the Internet of things management system. The management terminal can be used for dispatching maintenance and repair, and executing and tracking the maintenance and repair orders. The maintenance and protection center comprises an equipment operation module, a maintenance management module and a work order management module.
The equipment operation module is used for recording operation data of the equipment in a maintenance period and providing a statistical analysis view for maintenance personnel to check through the management terminal.
And the maintenance management module is used for managing maintenance information, including information of maintenance personnel, information of maintenance parts, maintenance reasons and replacement information.
The maintenance management module is used for managing maintenance information of the Internet of things equipment, and the maintenance information comprises maintenance personnel, a maintenance triggering type, maintenance process records, maintenance positions, replacement part information, a work order and other information.
The work order management module is used for managing generation, execution, feedback and evaluation of maintenance or maintenance work orders, has an intelligent work order dispatching algorithm, and can dispatch the most appropriate maintenance and maintenance personnel to process work dispatching tasks according to distance and tasks.
The management terminal is a terminal for implementing remote monitoring and management on the equipment of the internet of things, and comprises but is not limited to an APP or a wechat applet or a wechat public number on a mobile terminal, a PC computer and a handheld terminal which are accessed to an equipment management center of the internet of things. The remote monitoring and management of the equipment of the Internet of things are completed by the management terminal, and the management terminal is connected to the management system of the Internet of things through the Internet. The management terminal transmits the running state of the Internet of things equipment uploaded by the Internet of things data acquisition terminal and the data of statistical analysis to the management terminal, and the management terminal sends control data to control the Internet of things equipment in real time through the Internet of things equipment management center.
Furthermore, equipment management operators log in the Internet of things equipment management center through the management terminal to realize equipment management, part management and maintenance of the equipment. The equipment management personnel can check the running parameters of the whole equipment, the running times of moving parts, the maintenance record condition and the maintenance record condition of the equipment through the Internet of things management system. The management terminal can be used for dispatching maintenance and repair, and executing and tracking the maintenance and repair orders.
The management terminal comprises a mobile phone or a tablet personal computer of a user, the user logs in an account to be connected with the Internet of things management system through an APP or a WeChat applet or a WeChat public number in the management terminal, and information such as real-time working conditions, historical working conditions and maintenance of the management equipment is achieved.
The internet of things data acquisition terminal is an embedded device, as shown in fig. 3: the system consists of a CPU arithmetic unit, an Ethernet communication unit, a 2G/3G/4G/5G communication unit, a serial communication unit, a USB communication unit, a controller communication unit and a data storage area. The internet of things data acquisition terminal transmits various types of state information of the equipment to the internet of things equipment management center after protocol conversion, and an internet of things management system carries out real-time supervision, so that the equipment is accessed to the internet of things equipment management center. The core processing unit is a CPU operation unit and is responsible for task scheduling of the data acquisition terminal of the Internet of things and calling of each module interface; the Internet of things data acquisition terminal is connected with the Internet of things management system through an Ethernet communication unit or a 2G/3G/4G/5G communication unit, and the two communication units are used for uploading Internet of things equipment point table information and issuing user control instructions, including but not limited to starting equipment control and closing equipment control; the controller communication unit comprises an Ethernet interface, a serial port or a can bus interface, and the three interfaces are in data communication with the Internet of things equipment controller to perform point table data acquisition and command protocol issuing. The data storage area stores an IOT equipment point table and a controller protocol analysis library; the USB communication unit is responsible for importing and exporting the Internet of things equipment point table and the controller protocol analysis library. Generally, an application point table corresponds to one device in the application of the data acquisition terminal of the internet of things. And different equipment manufacturers butt-joint the corresponding equipment point list file of the data acquisition terminal configuration manufacturer of the Internet of things and the communication of the equipment controller of the manufacturers.
The method for the communication between the Internet of things data acquisition terminal and the Internet of things management system and equipment comprises the following steps:
1) firstly, an Internet of things equipment point list file is established, and an Internet of things data acquisition terminal point list describes product sustainability of equipment, including but not limited to equipment type, equipment number, opening control, closing control, running time and the like. Defining each attribute as a row in an internet of things equipment point table, wherein the single attribute comprises but is not limited to a number, a name, a data type, a classification, a PLC controller physical area, a PLC controller physical address, a length, an attribute value and a description. And establishing different Internet of things equipment point tables according to the product characteristics of the equipment provided by the equipment manufacturer.
2) And the Internet of things data acquisition terminal establishes and stores a protocol analysis library of different equipment. The Siemens communication uses ppi protocol or S7Net protocol, the Mitsubishi controller communication uses Mitsubishi protocol or modbus protocol, and the ohm dragon protocol uses fins protocol or HostLink protocol for communication.
3) The Internet of things equipment point table can be downloaded into the Internet of things data acquisition terminal through the Internet of things equipment management center or is led into a data storage area of the Internet of things data acquisition terminal through the USB communication unit.
4) The IOT equipment protocol analysis library can be led into a data storage area in the IOT data acquisition terminal through an IOT equipment management center or a USB communication unit
5) And the data acquisition terminal of the Internet of things selects different communication interfaces according to configuration equipment manufacturers and PLC types. The interfaces of different internet of things devices are different, including but not limited to Ethernet ports, serial port 485, serial port 232, can bus interface. The type of the interfaces of the data acquisition terminal of the Internet of things and the equipment are consistent, and the setting parameters of the interfaces are consistent.
6) The internet of things data acquisition terminal configures different communication parameters according to the selected communication interface type, and the Ethernet port mainly configures an IP address and a port number for communicating with equipment, and configures a communication serial port number, a baud rate, a check bit and a stop bit for serial communication. The Can bus communication configures the baud rate.
7) And the Internet of things data acquisition terminal loads the equipment point tables and the protocol analysis libraries of different manufacturers according to the equipment manufacturer codes in the configuration terminal configuration table, for example, the equipment Internet of things data acquisition terminal of the manufacturer A loads the equipment point table of the manufacturer A, and the equipment of the manufacturer B loads the equipment point table of the manufacturer B. The protocol analysis library loading rules are distinguished according to manufacturers, Siemens equipment loads a Siemens protocol analysis library, ohm dragon equipment loads an ohm dragon protocol analysis library, and Mitsubishi equipment loads a Mitsubishi protocol analysis library.
8) And a CPU operation unit of the Internet of things data acquisition terminal circularly calls an interface in the protocol analysis library to acquire data according to the Internet of things equipment point table, and fills the analyzed Internet of things equipment point table data into the attribute values in the Internet of things equipment point table row attributes. And finishing the data acquisition work of the point list of the Internet of things equipment controller. And the CPU operation unit periodically uploads the point table acquisition data of the Internet of things equipment to the Internet of things management system to complete the real-time data acquisition of the Internet of things equipment.
9) The method comprises the steps that an Internet of things data acquisition terminal monitors instructions from an Internet of things equipment management center, the instructions include equipment control starting and equipment control closing instructions, a CPU operation unit receives the instructions from the management center, analyzes the instructions into control and sends the control to a protocol analysis library, the protocol analysis library converts a point table into a physical address corresponding to a controller according to the point table configuration of the Internet of things equipment after receiving the instructions, and the protocol analysis library is called to set address instructions to carry out address setting of the controller to complete control instruction actions.
The invention also provides a method for realizing the maintenance of the Internet of things equipment based on the Internet of things equipment management center, which comprises the following steps:
1) the internet of things data acquisition terminal acquires equipment motion data and equipment state data and uploads the data to the internet of things management system through the communication unit.
2) The Internet of things equipment management center automatically generates maintenance data records of the Internet of things equipment and the components according to the maintenance template related to the type corresponding to the Internet of things equipment and the component information, namely when the component operation times reach the maintenance condition or the component use time reaches the use time limit.
3) And the Internet of things equipment management center pushes the maintenance record of the Internet of things equipment to a maintenance manufacturer of the corresponding Internet of things equipment and a management terminal of a maintenance worker.
4) And the maintenance personnel log in through the management terminal and inquire the distributed maintenance records. Executing the maintenance items in the maintenance list one by one, and inputting the maintenance record content, the image after maintenance, the maintenance replacement accessory and other information on the management terminal.
5) An Internet of things device manager can log in the Internet of things management system, select the Internet of things device or scan the two-dimensional code of the Internet of things device to declare and maintain, and the declaration comprises the abnormal reason description of the Internet of things device, a field picture and the like.
The invention also provides a method for realizing equipment maintenance based on the equipment management center of the Internet of things, which comprises the following steps:
1) the operation and maintenance personnel of the Internet of things equipment can select the Internet of things equipment or scan the two-dimensional codes on the Internet of things equipment to report and maintain after logging in the management terminal according to the use condition of the Internet of things equipment, and the reporting description comprises the abnormal reason description of the Internet of things equipment, field pictures and the like.
2) After receiving the maintenance application of the Internet of things equipment, operation and maintenance personnel of the Internet of things equipment management center send a work order according to the corresponding relation between the region where the Internet of things equipment is located and the maintenance personnel.
3) After the maintenance staff logs in the management terminal and receives the maintenance work allocation order, the maintenance staff goes to the Internet of things equipment for maintenance and inputs maintenance contents and maintenance accessories into the management terminal.
4) The operation and maintenance personnel of the Internet of things equipment can log in the management terminal to inquire the maintenance record of the Internet of things equipment. And the completed maintenance dispatch list is evaluated.
The management center is used for monitoring the equipment of the Internet of things, monitoring the service life of a fragile and consumable part of the equipment of the Internet of things, early warning and alarming the running condition state and fault of the equipment of the Internet of things, issuing equipment information, acquiring and storing data, distributing the data and the like; and processing each operation request sent by the administrator through the management terminal in real time, returning instant information, and providing background service for the Internet of things equipment.
The management terminal is a terminal for implementing remote monitoring and management on the equipment of the internet of things, and comprises but is not limited to an APP or a WeChat applet or a public number on a PC computer, a mobile terminal and a handheld terminal which are accessed to an equipment management center of the internet of things. The management terminal is responsible for completing remote monitoring and management of the equipment of the Internet of things, and is connected to an equipment management center of the Internet of things through the Internet. The internet of things equipment management center transmits the running state of the equipment uploaded by the internet of things data acquisition terminal and the data subjected to statistical analysis to the management terminal, and the management terminal sends control data to control the internet of things equipment in real time through the internet of things equipment management center.
And similarly, the Internet of things equipment management operator logs in the Internet of things equipment management center through the management terminal to realize monitoring, part management and maintenance treatment of the Internet of things equipment. The Internet of things equipment management personnel can check the running parameters of the Internet of things equipment, the running times of moving parts, the maintenance record condition and the maintenance record condition through the Internet of things equipment management center. The management terminal can be used for dispatching maintenance and repair, and executing and tracking the maintenance and repair orders.
For equipment needing to be accessed to an Internet of things equipment management center, the invention provides a method for equipment modification, which comprises the following steps:
an Internet of things data acquisition terminal capable of communicating with an Internet of things equipment management center is added in the existing equipment; the internet of things data acquisition terminal is internally provided with a communication unit, the communication unit is connected to an internet of things equipment management center through a wired or wireless network, an equipment control command issued by the internet of things equipment management center is transmitted to a controller of internet of things equipment connected with the internet of things equipment management center after protocol conversion, and similarly, the internet of things data acquisition terminal transmits various state information of the internet of things equipment to the internet of things equipment management center after protocol conversion, so that the equipment is accessed to the internet of things equipment management center.
The controller of the equipment of the internet of things is mainly a PLC at present, and the PLC is an action and service control unit of the equipment of the internet of things. The current controllers of the equipment comprise mainstream PLC of Siemens, Mitsubishi, ohm dragon, Schneider and the like. Because the equipment manufacturers select different PLCs and control logics and sensor configurations designed by the PLCs are different, methods for controlling and acquiring the running state of the equipment are different. Therefore, the difference of different brand controller communication protocols and control services is solved by adding the Internet of things data acquisition terminal, and a uniform data format and a uniform data channel are provided for the Internet of things equipment management center. The internet of things data acquisition terminal is a communication protocol unit of the internet of things equipment and the platform and is a data acquisition unit for acquiring the running state of the internet of things equipment.
The following figures further illustrate embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with fig. 3:
in the following embodiment, the technical scheme of using the internet of things data acquisition terminal to communicate with the internet of things management system is described by taking the device manufacturer a as an example, but not limited thereto.
1) The point table in the data acquisition terminal of the internet of things describes the product sustainability of the internet of things equipment, and includes information such as the type, the number, the control of the starting equipment, the control of the closing equipment, and the running current of the internet of things equipment. Defining each attribute as a row in an internet of things equipment point table, wherein the single attribute comprises but is not limited to a number, a name, a data type, a classification, a PLC controller physical area, a PLC controller physical address, a length, an attribute value and a description. And establishing different Internet of things equipment point tables according to product characteristics provided by equipment manufacturers. The characteristic values of the equipment manufacturer point list A are shown in the following table 1:
the point table is stored in a storage medium in a text format.
2) And the Internet of things data acquisition terminal develops a protocol analysis library suitable for different controllers for different Internet of things equipment controllers (PLC). The Siemens communication uses ppi protocol or S7Net protocol, the Mitsubishi controller communication uses Mitsubishi protocol or modbus protocol, and the ohm dragon protocol uses fins protocol or HostLink protocol for communication. In the example, manufacturer A uses an ohm dragon controller PLC, and PLC of other manufacturers has different corresponding physical areas and physical addresses.
3) The Internet of things equipment point table can be downloaded into the Internet of things data acquisition terminal through the Internet of things equipment management center or is led into a data storage area of the Internet of things data acquisition terminal through the USB interface communication unit.
4) The IOT equipment protocol analysis library can be led into a data storage area in the IOT data acquisition terminal through an IOT management system or a usb interface communication unit
5) And the Internet of things data acquisition terminal selects different communication interfaces according to the configuration of the Internet of things equipment manufacturer and the type of the controller. The communication interface unit comprises an Ethernet port, a serial port 485, a serial port 232 and a can bus interface. The type of the control communication interface of the data acquisition terminal of the internet of things and the type of the control communication interface of the equipment of the internet of things are required to be consistent, and the setting parameters of the interfaces are required to be consistent, so that normal data communication can be carried out
6) The Internet of things data acquisition terminal configures different communication parameters according to the selected communication interface type, and the Ethernet port mainly configures an IP address and a port number for communicating with the controller, and configures a communication serial port number, a baud rate, a check bit and a stop bit for serial communication. The Can bus communication configures the baud rate. In the embodiment, the ohm plc communication interface is used as an ethernet interface, and an IP address and a communication port need to be configured on the controller.
7) And the Internet of things data acquisition terminal loads the Internet of things equipment point list and the protocol analysis library of different manufacturers according to configured manufacturers, for example, the Internet of things data acquisition terminal of the A manufacturer loads the equipment point list of the A manufacturer. The equipment point table of manufacturer a is loaded in this example as shown in table 1 above.
8) According to a loaded equipment point table of a manufacturer A, a CPU operation unit of the Internet of things data acquisition terminal circularly calls an interface in a protocol analysis library to acquire data, and fills the analyzed data of the Internet of things equipment point table into an attribute value of the Internet of things equipment point table, taking the state of a data acquisition point 4 in the table 1 as an example, the CPU sends the data to the protocol analysis library according to the Internet of things equipment point table, the protocol analysis library finds a physical address of No. 1000 corresponding to a physical area D according to the number 4 acquisition point to send a controller communication protocol instruction, acquires data on the address of No. 1000 in the controller D area, and fills an acquisition result into a field corresponding to the attribute value of the number 4. And completing the data acquisition work of the 4 states in the point table of the controller, wherein the acquisition of other data points in the point table is consistent with the expression and is not listed.
9) The method comprises the steps that an Internet of things data acquisition terminal monitors instructions from an Internet of things equipment management center, the instructions include control instructions not limited to equipment opening and closing, corresponding control instructions are converted into numbers corresponding to a point table according to a platform communication protocol, a CPU operation unit receives the platform instructions and analyzes the platform instructions into control, the control is sent to a protocol analysis library, the point table is converted into a physical address corresponding to a controller according to the configuration of the point table of the Internet of things equipment after the instructions are received by the protocol analysis library, and address writing operation of the controller is carried out by calling address writing instructions in the protocol analysis library to complete control instruction actions.
The invention also provides a method for realizing equipment maintenance based on the management system of the Internet of things, which comprises the following steps:
1) the IOT equipment controller collects the running times of the moving parts of the equipment, including the running times of key parts of the equipment and the states of various input and output sensors, wherein the key parts can be defined through a bill of the equipment bom, and data are uploaded to the IOT equipment management center through the communication unit.
2) The Internet of things equipment management center automatically generates maintenance data records of the Internet of things equipment and the components according to the maintenance template related to the type corresponding to the Internet of things equipment and the component information, namely when the running times of the components reach the maintenance condition or the service time of the components reaches the service time limit.
3) And the Internet of things equipment management center pushes the maintenance record of the Internet of things equipment to a maintenance manufacturer of the corresponding Internet of things equipment and a management terminal of a maintenance worker.
4) And the maintenance personnel log in through the management terminal and inquire the distributed maintenance records. And executing the maintenance items in the maintenance list one by one, inquiring the maintenance record of the equipment of the Internet of things and evaluating the maintenance process of the equipment of the Internet of things.
5) The Internet of things equipment manager can log in the Internet of things equipment management center, inquire the Internet of things equipment maintenance record and evaluate the Internet of things equipment maintenance process.
The invention also provides a method for realizing equipment maintenance based on the management system of the Internet of things, which comprises the following steps:
1) the operation and maintenance personnel of the Internet of things equipment can select the Internet of things equipment or scan the two-dimensional code of the Internet of things equipment to report and maintain after logging in the management terminal according to the service condition of the Internet of things equipment, and the reporting description comprises the abnormal reason description of the Internet of things equipment, field pictures and the like.
2) After receiving the maintenance application of the Internet of things equipment, operation and maintenance personnel of the Internet of things equipment management center send a work order according to the corresponding relation between the region where the Internet of things equipment is located and the maintenance personnel.
3) After the maintenance staff logs in the management terminal and receives the maintenance work allocation order, the maintenance staff goes to the Internet of things equipment for maintenance and inputs maintenance contents and maintenance accessories into the management terminal.
4) The operation and maintenance personnel of the Internet of things equipment can log in the management terminal to inquire the maintenance record of the Internet of things equipment. And the completed maintenance dispatch list is evaluated.
Claims (10)
1. An internet of things management system, comprising: thing networking data acquisition terminal, thing networking equipment management center and management terminal, its characterized in that:
the data protocol analysis library file and the equipment point table file are arranged in the Internet of things data acquisition terminal, and are connected with the equipment to be acquired of the Internet of things through a serial port, an Ethernet port or a CAN bus and carry out data communication, the state and the data of the equipment of the Internet of things are acquired, and the acquired data are uploaded to a management center through a wired or wireless network;
the Internet of things equipment management center is used for monitoring all Internet of things equipment by using data uploaded by the Internet of things data acquisition terminal, processing all operation requests sent by the management terminal, configuring an alarm strategy according to equipment operation data and an equipment point table, and pushing a fault formation maintenance processing list to the management terminal by combining with a fault diagnosis unit and an expert countermeasure system for analysis;
and the management terminal is used for receiving various data of the Internet of things equipment sent by the management center, sending control data through the management center to control the Internet of things equipment, a user or an Internet of things equipment manager, interacting with the management center through the management terminal, acquiring the running state of the equipment and a maintenance and maintenance task, processing the maintenance and maintenance task, and returning the processing process data to the management center.
2. The internet of things management system of claim 1, wherein the management center comprises:
the information center is used for realizing basic information management, equipment personnel management, routing inspection management, log management and safety management of all the Internet of things equipment;
the monitoring center is used for remotely and safely storing and accessing various data uploaded by the information center, providing real-time analysis and diagnosis, alarming abnormal conditions and timely notifying the management terminal;
the maintenance and maintenance center is used for equipment management operators to log in the management center through the management terminal so as to realize equipment management, part management and maintenance and repair treatment on the equipment;
and the expert countermeasure system is used for processing the plan of the equipment fault through the fault name.
3. The internet of things management system of claim 2, wherein the monitoring center comprises:
the data storage module is used for storing the data acquired by the data acquisition terminal of the Internet of things and the intermediate result data of the operation on a safe storage medium in a distributed and rapid manner; and storing the currently transmitted real-time data in a server memory. And storing the data after the analysis into a database.
The data transmission module is used for calling the security processing module to verify the security of the data before the data storage module obtains and stores the data, then storing the data to be stored in real time through the data storage module, calling the data diagnosis module to analyze the data, and if the data is analyzed to have a fault, adopting a plan provided by an expert countermeasure system to deal with the fault; the transmitted data comprises equipment state data, operation data and equipment use condition data which are acquired by an Internet of things equipment management center;
the data visualization module is used for displaying statistical analysis information of the Internet of things equipment on the monitoring center and the management terminal, and displaying alarm and fault information in a distinguishing manner;
and the data diagnosis module is used for receiving the monitoring data sent by the data transmission module, judging whether the equipment has faults or not after classifying and calculating the data, and calling a plan in the expert countermeasure system for processing if the faults exist.
4. The IOT management system of claim 3, wherein the data diagnosis module comprises: the fault diagnosis unit is used for receiving the monitoring data of the data transmission module, classifying the data, comparing the classified monitoring data with a monitoring threshold value, synthesizing comparison results of a plurality of threshold values and threshold values set in the system, giving out whether a fault exists or not, and calling the plan execution unit to process if the fault exists; the pre-planning execution unit is used for selecting a pre-planning in the expert countermeasure system according to the specified identification for the equipment fault, processing the equipment fault according to the pre-planning through the fault processing unit, informing a manager to carry out manual processing if no pre-planning exists, and carrying out pre-planning and filing the processing process to the expert countermeasure system after the manual processing;
and the fault processing unit is used for extracting a plan and processing equipment faults, feeding back equipment processing information to the expert countermeasure system, and informing a maintenance technician closest to the equipment to arrive at the site to remove the faults through the management terminal.
5. The IOT management system of claim 4, wherein the expert countermeasure system comprises:
the fault filing module is used for retrieving the filed plans through fault names, receiving new filing applications submitted by the fault processing unit and storing the filed plans into the knowledge base module after the filing is passed;
the knowledge base module is used for accessing the plans and providing multi-dimensional indexes for establishing the plans so as to ensure the distinctiveness of the plans, carrying out weight identification on each dimension of each plan, calculating the weight value of each dimension to obtain a total weight value, and carrying out merging processing if the total weight value is greater than a set threshold value.
And the inference machine module is used for fuzzy matching of faults, finding the most possible fault record of the previous time through a frequency algorithm and an approximation algorithm, and providing a fault prediction mechanism. The frequency algorithm is the frequency of fault occurrence within a set threshold time, the similarity algorithm is to set fault attributes to different dimensions, weight identification is carried out on the dimension values, the comparison between the comprehensive weight sum of all the attributes and a set weight threshold is calculated, and if the calculation frequency or the total weight value of fault calculation is larger than the set threshold, the latest fault can be found.
6. The internet of things management system of claim 2, wherein the maintenance and repair center comprises: the equipment operation module is used for recording operation data of the equipment in a maintenance period and providing a statistical analysis view for maintenance personnel to check through the management terminal;
the maintenance management module is used for managing maintenance information, including information of maintenance personnel, information of maintenance parts, maintenance reasons and replacement information;
the maintenance management module is used for managing maintenance information of the equipment of the Internet of things, and comprises maintenance personnel, a maintenance triggering type, maintenance process records, maintenance positions, replacement part information and dispatching order information;
and the work order management module is used for managing generation, execution, feedback and evaluation of a repair or maintenance work order and dispatching the most appropriate maintenance and maintenance personnel to process work dispatching tasks according to the distance.
7. The management system of the internet of things of claim 1, wherein the internet of things data acquisition terminal acquires equipment motion data and equipment state data and uploads the data to a management center; the management center automatically generates maintenance data records of the Internet of things equipment and the components according to the type corresponding to the Internet of things equipment and the maintenance template associated with the components, namely when the running times of the components reach a maintenance set threshold value or when the service time of the components reaches a set time threshold value limit; the management center pushes the maintenance record of the Internet of things equipment to a maintenance manufacturer of the corresponding Internet of things equipment and a management terminal of a maintenance worker; the maintenance personnel log in through the management terminal, inquire the distributed maintenance records, execute the maintenance items in the maintenance list one by one, and input the contents of the maintenance records, images before and after maintenance and maintenance replacement accessory information on the management terminal; and the Internet of things equipment management user logs in the Internet of things equipment management center, and selects the Internet of things equipment or scans the two-dimensional code on the Internet of things equipment for maintenance declaration.
8. A communication method of the Internet of things management system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising
1) Establishing an Internet of things equipment point list file; developing a protocol analysis library of the Internet of things equipment;
2) downloading the Internet of things equipment point list file into an Internet of things data acquisition terminal or importing the Internet of things equipment point list file into the Internet of things data acquisition terminal; importing the protocol analysis library into an Internet of things data acquisition terminal;
3) the data acquisition terminal of the Internet of things selects different communication interfaces according to configuration equipment manufacturers and PLC types, configures different communication parameters according to the selected communication interface types, and configures IP addresses and port numbers for communication with equipment by an Ethernet port, configures communication serial port numbers for serial communication, baud rates, check bits, stop bits and Can bus communication configuration baud rates;
4) the Internet of things data acquisition terminal loads equipment point table files and protocol analysis libraries of different manufacturers according to equipment manufacturer codes in a configuration terminal configuration table;
5) the Internet of things data acquisition terminal circularly calls an interface in the protocol analysis library to acquire equipment data according to the Internet of things equipment point table, fills the analyzed Internet of things equipment point table data into an attribute value in the Internet of things equipment point table row attribute, completes the data acquisition work of the Internet of things equipment controller point table, uploads the Internet of things equipment point table acquisition data to the Internet of things equipment management center, and completes the real-time data acquisition of the Internet of things equipment;
6) the Internet of things data acquisition terminal monitors an instruction from a management center, receives the instruction from the management center, analyzes the instruction into control and sends the control to a protocol analysis library, the protocol analysis library converts a point table into a physical address corresponding to a controller according to the point table configuration of the Internet of things equipment after receiving the instruction, and calls an address instruction set in the protocol analysis library to set the address of the controller to complete the action of the control instruction.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein in step 1), the internet of things device point table file is used for describing product availability of the device, and the product availability of the device includes a device type, a device number and an operation duration; defining each attribute into a row in an Internet of things equipment point table, wherein the single attribute comprises a number, a name, a data type, a classification, a PLC physical area, a PLC physical address, a length, an attribute value and a description.
10. The method according to claim 8, wherein in step 6), the command of the management center comprises an on-device control command and an off-device control command.
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