CN110969342A - Method for balancing small-reservoir-capacity hydroelectric generation safety and flood control risk management and control - Google Patents

Method for balancing small-reservoir-capacity hydroelectric generation safety and flood control risk management and control Download PDF

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CN110969342A
CN110969342A CN201911115576.1A CN201911115576A CN110969342A CN 110969342 A CN110969342 A CN 110969342A CN 201911115576 A CN201911115576 A CN 201911115576A CN 110969342 A CN110969342 A CN 110969342A
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何滔
汪文元
卢玉龙
李彬
汪广明
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Guodian Dadu River Shaping Hydropower Construction Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of production safety management, and discloses a method for balancing the safety of small reservoir capacity hydroelectric power generation and controlling flood control risk, namely, based on the relationship of load-water head-discharge flow of each hydroelectric generating set in a reservoir area of the current level, the water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set at the current moment and the estimated water consumption rate at the load adjusting moment can be obtained, then the water consumption rate and other related current parameters are substituted into a water quantity balance stable model of the reservoir area of the current level, the model is simplified into a binary equation about the load adjusting moment and the load adjusting value, as long as the load adjusting moment is determined, the corresponding average output increment of each hydroelectric generating set can be obtained, the time of load adjustment can be accurately mastered, the output of the total station and the accuracy of load distribution can be accurately estimated, not only can the frequent load application and load adjustment be avoided, but also the compatibility of hydroelectric power generation safety and flood control risk control strategies can be ensured, is convenient for practical application and popularization.

Description

Method for balancing small-reservoir-capacity hydroelectric generation safety and flood control risk management and control
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of production safety management, and particularly relates to a method for balancing small reservoir capacity hydroelectric power generation safety and flood control risk management and control.
Background
The energy regulating effect in a short term of hydropower is influenced by reservoir coupling, water flow time lag, unit climbing rate, hydrological weather, power station scheduling, subjective human intervention and other reasons, and the existing production mode basically causes frequent application and adjustment of the load of a small-reservoir-capacity power plant and frequent action of flood discharge equipment by carrying out manual simple calculation or judgment according to experience on conditions such as upstream ex-warehouse, local in-warehouse, local load and current ex-warehouse of the local station. This is mainly due to the following disadvantages: (1) only by means of system acquisition statistics and manual calculation, artificial calculation errors exist, changes in a calculation time period are not acquired and considered, calculation errors are caused by a time accumulation effect, load frequent application and gate frequent adjustment actions are directly caused by rough calculation, and the workload is increased while the risk is increased; (2) the current calculation method does not fully consider the actual problems faced by the current power plant and the actual working conditions of the units, and does not take risk calculation and risk measurement into account in the calculation; (3) errors exist in the manual calculation, and then other methods are not adopted in the calculation to carry out iterative correction on the data, so that the errors of the data are large; (4) the existing calculation method basically aims at the accumulation of ordinary experience in the response to the emergency situation, and the treatment in the emergency situation has no scientific guidance, comprehensive consideration and comprehensive control, so that the emergency situation is easily considered, places which are easy to be ignored appear, and hidden dangers are buried for production; (5) the existing calculation mode has no corresponding history tracing function, and is not beneficial to management.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of inaccurate load adjustment time control, wrong total station output estimation and low load distribution accuracy in the current single station scheduling mode, and provides a method for balancing small reservoir capacity hydroelectric generation safety and flood control risk management and control.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for balancing small reservoir capacity hydroelectric generation safety and flood control risk management and control comprises the following steps:
s101, obtaining historical load numerical values, historical water head numerical values and historical drainage numerical values of all hydroelectric generating sets in the current-level reservoir area, and obtaining a load-water head-drainage relation Q of the corresponding hydroelectric generating sets according to the historical load numerical values, the historical water head numerical values and the historical drainage numerical valuesi(H,Ni) Wherein H represents the head, NiRepresenting the load, Q, of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the current reservoiri(H,Ni) The drainage flow of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level is represented, wherein i is a natural number;
s102, aiming at the current-level reservoir area, establishing a water balance stable model as follows:
Figure BDA0002273940410000021
in the formula, t0At the current moment, Δ t is the next load adjustment moment to the current moment t0Duration of (t)sThe limit time length of the storage capacity change of the current-level storage area is greater than delta t, Pi,t0For the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the current moment t0A force of (p;)i,t0For the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the current moment t0The water consumption rate of the hydropower units in the reservoir area of the current level is n, the delta P is the average output increment distributed by each hydropower unit in the reservoir area of the current level at the moment of load adjustment, and rhoi,t0+ΔtThe water consumption rate of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the moment of load adjustment, and QZ is the water consumption rate of the upper reservoir area at the current moment t0To a future time t0+tsThe total water quantity of the water discharged from the warehouse, QG is the current time t of the current-level warehouse area0To a future time t0+tsThe total water volume of the flood discharge between the water tanks,
Figure BDA0002273940410000022
for the upper level reservoir area at the current time t0Total outbound traffic of;
Figure BDA0002273940410000023
for the j hole flood discharge gate of the reservoir area at the current moment t0M is the total number of flood discharge gate holes in the reservoir area of the current level, i is a natural number, and j is a natural number;
s103, acquiring the current time t of the current-level library area0Upstream water level of
Figure BDA0002273940410000024
Downstream water level
Figure BDA0002273940410000025
And each hydroelectric generating set at the current moment t0Force of
Figure BDA0002273940410000026
Will be provided with
Figure BDA0002273940410000027
As the ith hydroelectric generating set at the current moment t0Load of
Figure BDA0002273940410000028
Will be provided with
Figure BDA0002273940410000029
Estimated load of ith hydroelectric generating set at load adjustment moment
Figure BDA00022739404100000210
Then, the current time t of each hydroelectric generating set is obtained according to the following formula0Water consumption rate of
Figure BDA00022739404100000211
And estimated water consumption rate at the moment of load adjustment
Figure BDA00022739404100000212
Figure BDA00022739404100000213
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA00022739404100000214
for the current level library area at the current time t0The value of the head of water of (c),
Figure BDA00022739404100000215
the estimated water head value of the current stage reservoir area at the load adjusting moment is between Ha,min-Hb,optTo Ha,max-Hb,optH isa,minIs the minimum allowable upstream water level, H, of the reservoir area of the current stageb,optIs the downstream optimum water level, H, of the current-level reservoir regiona,maxThe maximum allowable water level at the upstream of the reservoir area of the current level;
s104, estimating the water head value
Figure BDA00022739404100000216
Carrying out value taking according with flood control risk management and control strategies, and then obtaining estimated water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set at load adjustment moment
Figure BDA00022739404100000217
S105, acquiring the current time t of the upper level library area0Total flow out of warehouse
Figure BDA0002273940410000031
And the j hole flood discharge gate of the reservoir area of the current level at the current time t0Lower discharge flow of
Figure BDA0002273940410000032
Then the total flow rate of the warehouse outlet
Figure BDA0002273940410000033
The lower discharge flow
Figure BDA0002273940410000034
And each hydroelectric generating set is at the current moment t0Water consumption rate of
Figure BDA0002273940410000035
And estimated water consumption rate at the moment of load adjustment
Figure BDA0002273940410000036
Respectively substituting the water quantity balance stable model;
s106, taking a value of the time length delta t, and determining the equipartition output increment delta P which is required to be distributed and is of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area at the load adjustment moment according to the water quantity balance stability model;
and S107, when the load adjustment moment is reached, performing load distribution on each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level according to the determined average output increment delta P.
Optimally, in the step S101, the load-head-leakage flow rate relation Q of each hydroelectric generating set is obtained as followsi(H,Ni)：
For each hydroelectric generating set, a two-dimensional interpolation method is respectively adopted to carry out interpolation processing on the historical load numerical value, the historical water head numerical value and the historical drainage numerical value to obtain the corresponding load-water head-drainage relation Qi(H,Ni)。
Further optimized, the two-dimensional interpolation processing is carried out according to the following mode:
and defining a numerical axis of one dimension on a certain defined interval of the historical load numerical value and the historical water head numerical value, then dispersing the numerical value of the other numerical axis, and interpolating the drainage flow on the dispersed precision to obtain the accurate value of the drainage flow in the dimension.
Optimally, in the step S104, the estimated water head value
Figure BDA0002273940410000037
Is taken asa,opt-Hb,optWherein H isa,optThe optimal water level is the upstream optimal water level of the reservoir area of the current stage.
Preferably, after the step S106 and before the step S107, the method further includes the following steps:
and correcting the upstream water level acquisition value and/or the warehousing flow acquisition value of the current-level reservoir area in real time to obtain a real-time upstream water level of the current-level reservoir area, correcting the real-time water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set according to the real-time upstream water level, and substituting the real-time water consumption rate as the current water consumption rate into the water balance stability model to obtain the corrected average output increment delta P.
And further optimizing, correcting the upstream water level acquisition value and/or the warehousing flow acquisition value of the current-level warehouse area by adopting a fault-tolerant filtering method.
Further optimally, the warehousing flow acquisition value is acquired as follows:
firstly, aiming at each area flow section of the reservoir area of the current level, measuring and calculating the corresponding water area section flow by adopting a sectional measurement and differential calculation method, and then overlapping the water area section flow of each area flow section to obtain the reservoir flow acquisition value.
Preferably, after the step S106 and before the step S107, the method further includes the following steps:
acquiring the instant upstream water level, the instant downstream water level and the instant output of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level in real time, and then acquiring the load-water head-drainage flow relation Q according to the instant data and the load-water head-drainage flow relationi(H,Ni) Calculating the real-time water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level and the estimated water consumption rate at the load adjusting moment, and substituting the real-time water consumption rate as the current water consumption rate and the estimated water consumption rate into the water balance stability model to obtain the corrected average output increment delta P.
Preferably, after the step S106 and before the step S107, the method further includes the following steps:
respectively introducing risk coefficients of the station service state, the main equipment state and the flood discharge overflow equipment state into the flood control risk management and control strategy in real time, and then estimating the water head value
Figure BDA0002273940410000041
Revising according with flood control risk management and control strategy, and then adjusting load of each hydroelectric generating setAnd finally substituting the corrected estimated water consumption rate into the water quantity balance stable model to obtain the corrected average output increment delta P.
Preferably, in step S107, for each hydroelectric power generating set, the corresponding runout region is avoided during load distribution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a new method which can accurately master load adjustment time, accurately estimate total station output and improve load distribution accuracy under a single station scheduling mode, namely, based on the load-water head-discharge flow relation of each hydroelectric generating set in a current-stage reservoir area, the water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set at the current moment and the estimated water consumption rate at the load adjustment moment can be obtained, then the water consumption rate and other related current parameters are substituted into a water balance stable model in the current-stage reservoir area, the model is simplified into a binary equation about the load adjustment moment and the load adjustment value, only the load adjustment moment is determined, the corresponding average output increment of each hydroelectric generating set can be obtained, further, the load adjustment time can be accurately mastered, the output of the total station and the accuracy of improving load distribution can be accurately estimated, and not only frequent load application and load adjustment can be avoided, the compatibility of hydroelectric generation safety and flood control risk management and control strategies can be ensured, and the practical application and popularization are facilitated;
(2) in the aspect of load and water head processing, the whole data distribution is processed by adopting a two-dimensional interpolation method, so that the accurate load and the scientific unit discharge flow under the current condition can be obtained;
(3) the generating capacity and the state parameters of the unit can be introduced according to the reservoir coupling relation and the hydrological characteristics, and the strategy suggests that the load adjustment time and the value are more accurate;
(4) in a sampling period, the increase limit change of the upstream water level can be ensured not to exceed the maximum value of the upstream limit water level, the decrease limit change does not exceed the minimum value of the upstream limit water level, and the water level change interval is further reduced to the required ideal water level, so that the calculation result is more accurate, and the reservoir scheduling is more scientific;
(5) fault-tolerant filtering correction is carried out on the upstream water level and the warehouse-in flow sampling value, the water level is corrected and predicted by the actual water level, the predicted load is corrected by the actual load, and the repeated inquiry and repeated calculation of the existing method are avoided by introducing fault-tolerant filtering of the deviation value in the calculation;
(6) modifying an upstream control water level interval according to the weight by introducing risk coefficients of states of auxiliary power and main equipment instead of the existing single upstream water level control interval;
(7) by introducing the unit runout interval and the unit water consumption rate calculation factor, the load time and the load value are not only paid attention to singly during load distribution, but also the unit vibration area and the damage area are avoided, and the equipment reliability is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for balancing small reservoir capacity hydroelectric power generation safety and flood control risk management and control provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely illustrative of example embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments of the present invention.
It should be understood that, for the term "and/or" as may appear herein, it is merely an associative relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist at the same time; for the term "/and" as may appear herein, which describes another associative object relationship, it means that two relationships may exist, e.g., a/and B, may mean: a exists independently, and A and B exist independently; in addition, for the character "/" that may appear herein, it generally means that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to herein as being "connected," "connected," or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may be present. Conversely, if a unit is referred to herein as being "directly connected" or "directly coupled" to another unit, it is intended that no intervening units are present. In addition, other words used to describe the relationship between elements should be interpreted in a similar manner (e.g., "between … …" versus "directly between … …", "adjacent" versus "directly adjacent", etc.).
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes" and/or "including," when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the figures may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
It should be understood that specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of example embodiments. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, systems may be shown in block diagrams in order not to obscure the examples in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known processes, structures and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring example embodiments.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the method for balancing small reservoir capacity hydroelectric power generation safety and flood control risk management and control provided by this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, the following steps S101 to S107.
S101, obtaining historical load numerical values, historical water head numerical values and historical drainage numerical values of all hydroelectric generating sets in the current-level reservoir area, and obtaining a load-water head-drainage relation Q of the corresponding hydroelectric generating sets according to the historical load numerical values, the historical water head numerical values and the historical drainage numerical valuesi(H,Ni) Wherein H represents the head, NiRepresenting the load, Q, of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the current reservoiri(H,Ni) And (4) representing the drainage flow of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level, wherein i is a natural number.
In the step S101, the historical load value, the historical waterhead value, and the historical runoff value (the runoff is the amount of water flowing through the hydroelectric generating set during power generation) are obtained in the conventional manner, such as manual recording or automatic periodic recording and transmission by using a relevant sensor. But the load-water head-lower leakage flow relation Q is directly obtained according to the historical load numerical value, the historical water head numerical value and the historical lower leakage flow numerical valuei(H,Ni) Is relatively rough and is not favorable for accurately calculating the instantaneous water consumption rateTherefore, it is preferable to obtain the load-head-downflow relationship Q of each hydroelectric power generating unit as followsi(H,Ni): for each hydroelectric generating set, a two-dimensional interpolation method is respectively adopted to carry out interpolation processing on the historical load numerical value, the historical water head numerical value and the historical drainage numerical value to obtain the corresponding load-water head-drainage relation Qi(H,Ni)。
Specifically, the two-dimensional interpolation processing is performed as follows: and defining a numerical axis of one dimension on a certain defined interval of the historical load numerical value and the historical water head numerical value, then dispersing the numerical value of the other numerical axis, and interpolating the drainage flow on the dispersed precision to obtain the accurate value of the drainage flow in the dimension. For example, if the historical load value and the historical water head value both have k points, the historical leakage flow rate value has k points in the defined interval of the historical load value and the historical water head value2Point, fixed to a numerical axis, such as head numerical axis h (i), where there are k dimensions on the load numerical axis: n (1), N (2), …, N (j), … and N (k), wherein i and j are natural numbers respectively; firstly, two-dimensional interpolation is carried out on a load numerical value axis to find a function F (H, N)i) At node with Qi(H,Ni) Same value of (1), i.e. F (H, N)i)＝Qi(H,Ni) (ii) a The following limit formula is then obtained:
Figure BDA0002273940410000071
in the formula, HtThe water head value of the reservoir area at the current stage at the moment t, Ni,tThe load value Q of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area at the current level at the moment ti,t(Ht,Ni,t) The value of the leakage flow of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area at the current stage at the moment t is shown. At H → HtAnd Qi→Qi,tWhen there is an infinitely small number ε, so that | Ni(H,Qi)-Ni,t(Ht,Qi,t) I is less than or equal to epsilon, at the moment, the load under the water head at the moment t is more in line with the load-water head-dischargeAnd the flow curve relationship is obtained, and then fitting can be carried out through the calculated value and the curve, so that the accurate single unit load at the moment t and the scientific single unit discharge flow are obtained.
S102, aiming at the current-level reservoir area, establishing a water balance stable model as follows:
Figure BDA0002273940410000072
in the formula, t0At the current moment, Δ t is the next load adjustment moment to the current moment t0Duration of (t)sThe storage capacity change limit time of the current-level storage area is longer than delta t,
Figure BDA0002273940410000073
for the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the current moment t0The output of (a) the (b) is,
Figure BDA0002273940410000074
for the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the current moment t0The water consumption rate of the system is n, the total number of the hydroelectric generating sets in the reservoir area of the current level, the delta P is the distributed average output increment of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the moment of load adjustment,
Figure BDA0002273940410000075
the water consumption rate of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the moment of load adjustment, and QZ is the water consumption rate of the upper reservoir area at the current moment t0To a future time t0+tsThe total water quantity of the water discharged from the warehouse, QG is the current time t of the current-level warehouse area0To a future time t0+tsThe total water volume of the flood discharge between the water tanks,
Figure BDA0002273940410000076
for the upper level reservoir area at the current time t0Total outbound traffic of;
Figure BDA0002273940410000077
for the j hole flood discharge gate of the reservoir area at the current moment t0The lower discharge flow of (m) is the flood discharge gate of the reservoir area of the current levelThe total number of holes, i is a natural number, and j is a natural number.
In the step S102, the water balance stability model reflects the coupling relationship and the hydrological characteristics between the upper-level reservoir area and the current-level reservoir area, and introduces the generating capacity and the state parameters of the unit, which is beneficial to directly and accurately positioning the load adjustment to the adjustment time and the adjustment value in the following. In the water quantity balance stability model, the storage capacity change limit time of the current-level storage area refers to the time when water in the superior-level storage area reaches the current-level storage area.
S103, acquiring the current time t of the current-level library area0Upstream water level of
Figure BDA0002273940410000078
Downstream water level
Figure BDA0002273940410000079
And each hydroelectric generating set at the current moment t0Force of
Figure BDA00022739404100000710
Will be provided with
Figure BDA00022739404100000711
As the ith hydroelectric generating set at the current moment t0Load of
Figure BDA00022739404100000712
Will be provided with
Figure BDA00022739404100000713
Estimated load of ith hydroelectric generating set at load adjustment moment
Figure BDA0002273940410000081
Then, the current time t of each hydroelectric generating set is obtained according to the following formula0Water consumption rate of
Figure BDA0002273940410000082
And estimated water consumption rate at the moment of load adjustment
Figure BDA0002273940410000083
Figure BDA0002273940410000084
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002273940410000085
for the current level library area at the current time t0The value of the head of water of (c),
Figure BDA0002273940410000086
the estimated water head value of the current stage reservoir area at the load adjusting moment is between Ha,min-Hb,optTo Ha,max-Hb,optH isa,minIs the minimum allowable upstream water level, H, of the reservoir area of the current stageb,optIs the downstream optimum water level, H, of the current-level reservoir regiona,maxThe maximum allowable water level at the upstream of the reservoir area of the current stage.
In step S103, the water consumption rate is the amount of water flowing through the hydroelectric generating set (i.e. the downward flow rate) per kilowatt generated, and is an important parameter representing the generating efficiency of the hydroelectric generating set, and different loads and different water heads correspond to different water consumption rates of the generating set. The upstream water level
Figure BDA0002273940410000087
The downstream water level
Figure BDA0002273940410000088
And said output force
Figure BDA0002273940410000089
The acquisition modes are all the existing modes, such as manual recording or automatic periodic recording and transmission by using related sensors. In addition, the upstream minimum allowable water level, the downstream optimal water level, the upstream maximum allowable water level and the upstream optimal water level are all design parameters of the current-level reservoir area and can be directly read.
S104, estimating the water head value
Figure BDA00022739404100000810
Carrying out value taking according with flood control risk management and control strategies, and then obtaining estimated water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set at load adjustment moment
Figure BDA00022739404100000811
In the step S104, the flood control risk management and control strategy is an existing management and control standard of the reservoir area, and the estimated water head value
Figure BDA00022739404100000812
The specific value of (a) must also follow the existing management and control standard, specifically, the estimated waterhead value
Figure BDA00022739404100000813
Is taken asa,opt-Hb,optWherein H isa,optThe optimal water level is the upstream optimal water level of the reservoir area of the current stage.
S105, acquiring the current time t of the upper level library area0Total flow out of warehouse
Figure BDA00022739404100000814
And the j hole flood discharge gate of the reservoir area of the current level at the current time t0Lower discharge flow of
Figure BDA00022739404100000815
Then the total flow rate of the warehouse outlet
Figure BDA00022739404100000816
The lower discharge flow
Figure BDA00022739404100000817
And each hydroelectric generating set is at the current moment t0Water consumption rate of
Figure BDA00022739404100000818
And estimated water consumption rate at the moment of load adjustment
Figure BDA00022739404100000819
And respectively substituting the water quantity balance stable model.
In the step S105, the total outbound traffic
Figure BDA0002273940410000091
And the amount of said let-down flow
Figure BDA0002273940410000092
The acquisition modes are all the existing modes, for example, the related sensors are adopted for automatic periodic recording and transmission.
And S106, taking a value of the time length delta t, and determining the average output increment delta P which is required to be distributed and is of each hydroelectric generating set in the current-level reservoir area at the load adjustment moment according to the water quantity balance stability model.
In the step S106, the duration Δ t may be set as a time unit, for example, 4 hours, because the water balance stability model only contains two unknown quantities: the time length delta t and the average output increment delta P are obtained, so that each time length delta t only corresponds to one average output increment delta P, and the load adjustment time and the load adjustment value can be calculated. Correspondingly, the increase Δ P of the average output can also correspond to the change Δ V of the storage area of the current stage within a certain time, and the change Δ V of the storage area can reflect the change Δ H of the upstream water levela。
Optimally, after step S106 and before step S107, the method further includes the following steps for iteratively correcting the load adjustment value: and correcting the upstream water level acquisition value and/or the warehousing flow acquisition value of the current-level reservoir area in real time to obtain a real-time upstream water level of the current-level reservoir area, correcting the real-time water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set according to the real-time upstream water level, and substituting the real-time water consumption rate as the current water consumption rate into the water balance stability model to obtain the corrected average output increment delta P. Specifically, but not limited to, the fault-tolerant filtering method may be used to correct the upstream water level acquisition value and/or the warehousing traffic acquisition value of the current-level warehouse area, and the warehousing traffic acquisition value may be obtained in the following manner: firstly, aiming at each area flow section of the reservoir area of the current level, measuring and calculating the corresponding water area section flow by adopting a sectional measurement and differential calculation method, and then overlapping the water area section flow of each area flow section to obtain the reservoir flow acquisition value. The method for obtaining the real-time upstream real water level of the reservoir area according to the correction result and the sectional measurement and differential calculation methods are conventional methods. In addition, before the iterative model is used for correction, other relevant real-time parameters (such as real-time total warehouse outlet flow and lower leakage flow) are also required to be substituted into the water balance stable model.
Optimally, in order to perform the iterative correction on the load adjustment value, after the step S106 and before the step S107, the following steps may be further included: acquiring the instant upstream water level, the instant downstream water level and the instant output of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level in real time, and then acquiring the load-water head-drainage flow relation Q according to the instant data and the load-water head-drainage flow relationi(H,Ni) Calculating the real-time water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level and the estimated water consumption rate at the load adjusting moment, and substituting the real-time water consumption rate as the current water consumption rate and the estimated water consumption rate into the water balance stability model to obtain the corrected average output increment delta P. In addition, before the iterative model is used for correction, other relevant real-time parameters (such as real-time total warehouse outlet flow and lower leakage flow) are also required to be substituted into the water balance stable model.
Optimally, in order to perform the iterative correction on the load adjustment value, after the step S106 and before the step S107, the following steps may be further included: respectively introducing risk coefficients of the station service state, the main equipment state and the flood discharge overflow equipment state into the flood control risk management and control strategy in real time, and then estimating the water head value
Figure BDA0002273940410000093
Correcting according with a flood control risk management and control strategy, correcting the estimated water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set at the load adjustment moment, substituting the corrected estimated water consumption rate into the water balance stability model to obtain the corrected average output increment deltaAnd P. The introduction of the risk coefficient and the correction mode of the estimated water head value are both the existing modes. In addition, before the iterative model is used for correction, other relevant real-time parameters (such as real-time total warehouse outlet flow and lower leakage flow) are also required to be substituted into the water balance stable model.
And S107, when the load adjustment moment is reached, performing load distribution on each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level according to the determined average output increment delta P.
In step S107, it is optimized to avoid the corresponding runout region for each hydroelectric power generating set during load distribution. Therefore, the hydroelectric generating set equipment can be kept away from the vibration interval and the damage interval, and the service life of the hydroelectric generating set is ensured.
To sum up, the method for balancing the power generation safety and the flood discharge risk of the small reservoir capacity hydraulic power plant provided by the embodiment has the following technical effects:
(1) the embodiment provides a new method for accurately mastering load adjustment time, accurately estimating total station output and improving load distribution accuracy in a single station scheduling mode, namely, based on the load-water head-discharge flow relation of each hydroelectric generating set in a current-stage reservoir area, the water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set at the current moment and the estimated water consumption rate at the load adjustment moment can be obtained, then the water consumption rate and other related current parameters are substituted into a water balance stable model in the current-stage reservoir area, the model is simplified into a binary equation about the load adjustment moment and the load adjustment value, the corresponding average output increment of each hydroelectric generating set can be obtained as long as the load adjustment moment is determined, further, the load adjustment time can be accurately mastered, the total station output and the improving load distribution accuracy can be accurately estimated, and not only frequent load application and load adjustment can be avoided, the compatibility of hydroelectric generation safety and flood control risk management and control strategies can be ensured, and the practical application and popularization are facilitated;
(2) in the aspect of load and water head processing, the whole data distribution is processed by adopting a two-dimensional interpolation method, so that the accurate load and the scientific unit discharge flow under the current condition can be obtained;
(3) the generating capacity and the state parameters of the unit can be introduced according to the reservoir coupling relation and the hydrological characteristics, and the strategy suggests that the load adjustment time and the value are more accurate;
(4) in a sampling period, the increase limit change of the upstream water level can be ensured not to exceed the maximum value of the upstream limit water level, the decrease limit change does not exceed the minimum value of the upstream limit water level, and the water level change interval is further reduced to the required ideal water level, so that the calculation result is more accurate, and the reservoir scheduling is more scientific;
(5) fault-tolerant filtering correction is carried out on the upstream water level and the warehouse-in flow sampling value, the water level is corrected and predicted by the actual water level, the predicted load is corrected by the actual load, and the repeated inquiry and repeated calculation of the existing method are avoided by introducing fault-tolerant filtering of the deviation value in the calculation;
(6) modifying an upstream control water level interval according to the weight by introducing risk coefficients of states of auxiliary power and main equipment instead of the existing single upstream water level control interval;
(7) by introducing the unit runout interval and the unit water consumption rate calculation factor, the load time and the load value are not only paid attention to singly during load distribution, but also the unit vibration area and the damage area are avoided, and the equipment reliability is improved.
The various embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and may or may not be physically separate, as they relate to elements illustrated as separate components; if reference is made to a component displayed as a unit, it may or may not be a physical unit, and may be located in one place or distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications of the technical solutions described in the embodiments or equivalent replacements of some technical features may still be made. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Finally, it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and that various other forms of products can be obtained by anyone in light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims, and which the description is intended to be interpreted accordingly.

Claims (10)

1. A method for balancing small reservoir capacity hydroelectric generation safety and flood control risk management and control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s101, obtaining historical load numerical values, historical water head numerical values and historical drainage numerical values of all hydroelectric generating sets in the current-level reservoir area, and obtaining a load-water head-drainage relation Q of the corresponding hydroelectric generating sets according to the historical load numerical values, the historical water head numerical values and the historical drainage numerical valuesi(H,Ni) Wherein H represents the head, NiRepresenting the load, Q, of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the current reservoiri(H,Ni) The drainage flow of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level is represented, wherein i is a natural number;
s102, aiming at the current-level reservoir area, establishing a water balance stable model as follows:
Figure FDA0002273940400000011
in the formula, t0At the current moment, Δ t is the next load adjustment moment to the current moment t0Duration of (t)sThe storage capacity change limit time of the current-level storage area is longer than delta t,
Figure FDA0002273940400000012
for the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the current moment t0The output of (a) the (b) is,
Figure FDA0002273940400000013
for the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the current moment t0The water consumption rate of the system is n, the total number of the hydroelectric generating sets in the reservoir area of the current level, the delta P is the distributed average output increment of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the moment of load adjustment,
Figure FDA0002273940400000014
the water consumption rate of the ith hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level at the moment of load adjustment, and QZ is the water consumption rate of the upper reservoir area at the current moment t0To a future time t0+tsThe total water quantity of the water discharged from the warehouse, QG is the current time t of the current-level warehouse area0To a future time t0+tsThe total water volume of the flood discharge between the water tanks,
Figure FDA0002273940400000015
for the upper level reservoir area at the current time t0Total outbound traffic of;
Figure FDA0002273940400000016
for the j hole flood discharge gate of the reservoir area at the current moment t0M is the total number of flood discharge gate holes in the reservoir area of the current level, i is a natural number, and j is a natural number;
s103, acquiring the current time t of the current-level library area0Upstream water level of
Figure FDA0002273940400000017
Downstream water level
Figure FDA0002273940400000018
And each hydroelectric generating set at the current moment t0Force of
Figure FDA0002273940400000019
Will be provided with
Figure FDA00022739404000000110
As the ith hydroelectric generating set at the current moment t0Load of
Figure FDA00022739404000000111
Will be provided with
Figure FDA00022739404000000112
Estimated load of ith hydroelectric generating set at load adjustment moment
Figure FDA00022739404000000113
Then, the current time t of each hydroelectric generating set is obtained according to the following formula0Water consumption rate of
Figure FDA00022739404000000114
And estimated water consumption rate at the moment of load adjustment
Figure FDA00022739404000000115
Figure FDA00022739404000000116
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure FDA0002273940400000021
for the current level library area at the current time t0The value of the head of water of (c),
Figure FDA0002273940400000022
the estimated water head value of the current stage reservoir area at the load adjusting moment is between Ha,min-Hb,optTo Ha,max-Hb,optH isa,minIs the minimum allowable upstream water level, H, of the reservoir area of the current stageb,optIs the downstream optimum water level, H, of the current-level reservoir regiona,maxThe maximum allowable water level at the upstream of the reservoir area of the current level;
s104, estimating the water head value
Figure FDA0002273940400000023
Character go onCombining the values of the flood control risk management and control strategy, and then obtaining the estimated water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set at the load adjustment moment
Figure FDA0002273940400000024
S105, acquiring the current time t of the upper level library area0Total flow out of warehouse
Figure FDA0002273940400000025
And the j hole flood discharge gate of the reservoir area of the current level at the current time t0Lower discharge flow of
Figure FDA0002273940400000026
Then the total flow rate of the warehouse outlet
Figure FDA0002273940400000027
The lower discharge flow
Figure FDA0002273940400000028
And each hydroelectric generating set is at the current moment t0Water consumption rate of
Figure FDA0002273940400000029
And estimated water consumption rate at the moment of load adjustment
Figure FDA00022739404000000210
Respectively substituting the water quantity balance stable model;
s106, taking a value of the time length delta t, and determining the equipartition output increment delta P which is required to be distributed and is of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area at the load adjustment moment according to the water quantity balance stability model;
and S107, when the load adjustment moment is reached, performing load distribution on each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level according to the determined average output increment delta P.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method balances small reservoir capacity hydroelectric power generation safety and flood control risk management and controlIn the step S101, a load-head-drain flow rate relationship Q of each hydroelectric power generating unit is obtained as followsi(H,Ni)：
For each hydroelectric generating set, a two-dimensional interpolation method is respectively adopted to carry out interpolation processing on the historical load numerical value, the historical water head numerical value and the historical drainage numerical value to obtain the corresponding load-water head-drainage relation Qi(H,Ni)。
3. The method for balancing small reservoir capacity hydroelectric power generation safety and flood protection risk management and control according to claim 2, wherein the two-dimensional interpolation processing is performed as follows:
and defining a numerical axis of one dimension on a certain defined interval of the historical load numerical value and the historical water head numerical value, then dispersing the numerical value of the other numerical axis, and interpolating the drainage flow on the dispersed precision to obtain the accurate value of the drainage flow in the dimension.
4. The method for balancing small reservoir hydroelectric power generation safety with flood protection risk management and control of claim 1, wherein: in the step S104, the estimated head value
Figure FDA00022739404000000211
Is taken asa,opt-Hb,optWherein H isa,optThe optimal water level is the upstream optimal water level of the reservoir area of the current stage.
5. The method for balancing small reservoir hydroelectric power generation safety with flood protection risk management and control according to claim 1, further comprising, after step S106 and before step S107, the steps of:
and correcting the upstream water level acquisition value and/or the warehousing flow acquisition value of the current-level reservoir area in real time to obtain a real-time upstream water level of the current-level reservoir area, correcting the real-time water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set according to the real-time upstream water level, and substituting the real-time water consumption rate as the current water consumption rate into the water balance stability model to obtain the corrected average output increment delta P.
6. The method for balancing small reservoir hydroelectric power generation safety with flood protection risk management and control of claim 5, wherein: and correcting the upstream water level acquisition value and/or the warehousing flow acquisition value of the current-level warehouse area by adopting a fault-tolerant filtering method.
7. The method for balancing small reservoir capacity hydroelectric power generation safety and flood protection risk management and control according to claim 5, wherein the warehousing traffic collection value is obtained as follows:
firstly, aiming at each area flow section of the reservoir area of the current level, measuring and calculating the corresponding water area section flow by adopting a sectional measurement and differential calculation method, and then overlapping the water area section flow of each area flow section to obtain the reservoir flow acquisition value.
8. The method for balancing small reservoir hydroelectric power generation safety with flood protection risk management and control according to claim 1, further comprising, after step S106 and before step S107, the steps of:
acquiring the instant upstream water level, the instant downstream water level and the instant output of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level in real time, and then acquiring the load-water head-drainage flow relation Q according to the instant data and the load-water head-drainage flow relationi(H,Ni) Calculating the real-time water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set in the reservoir area of the current level and the estimated water consumption rate at the load adjusting moment, and substituting the real-time water consumption rate as the current water consumption rate and the estimated water consumption rate into the water balance stability model to obtain the corrected average output increment delta P.
9. The method for balancing small reservoir hydroelectric power generation safety with flood protection risk management and control according to claim 1, further comprising, after step S106 and before step S107, the steps of:
real-time plantIntroducing risk coefficients of the power utilization state, the main equipment state and the flood discharge overflow equipment state into the flood control risk management and control strategy respectively, and then estimating the water head value
Figure FDA0002273940400000031
And correcting according with a flood control risk management and control strategy, correcting the estimated water consumption rate of each hydroelectric generating set at the load adjustment moment, and substituting the corrected estimated water consumption rate into the water balance stability model to obtain the corrected average output increment delta P.
10. The method for balancing small reservoir hydroelectric power generation safety with flood protection risk management and control of claim 1, wherein: in step S107, the corresponding runout section is avoided for each hydroelectric power generating unit during load distribution.
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