CN110967052B

CN110967052B - Sensor device, power supply system and method

Info

Publication number: CN110967052B
Application number: CN201910929110.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 莱茵霍尔德·哈默勒
Original assignee: Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Current assignee: Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Priority date: 2018-09-28
Filing date: 2019-09-28
Publication date: 2024-03-08
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-28
Also published as: CN110967052A; DE102018124028A1

Abstract

A sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) for detecting a physical quantity within a high voltage battery is disclosed. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) has: a housing (101, 201) having a plurality of fastening elements (102, 103, 202, 203, 204) for fastening the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), wherein the housing (101, 201) encloses a receiving space (105) and is open to at least one side (106); -a sensor element (107, 207) movably arranged within the receiving space (105); and a spring element (108, 208), which spring element (108, 208) is arranged in the receiving space (105) between the sensor element (107, 207) and a housing wall of the housing (101, 201) such that the sensor element (107, 207) is pretensioned in the direction of the open side (106) of the housing (101, 201). The invention further discloses a corresponding power supply system (350) and a corresponding method.

Description

Sensor device, power supply system and method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a sensor device. The invention further relates to a corresponding power supply system and a corresponding method.

Background

The invention is described hereinafter primarily in connection with a battery in a vehicle. It should be understood that the present invention may be used in any application where reliable monitoring of physical quantities is necessary.

In modern vehicles attempts are made to reduce the fuel consumption or the local emissions of the vehicle. One possibility for reducing the emissions of a vehicle is to support the internal combustion engine by means of an electric machine, the so-called plug-in hybrid, or to replace the internal combustion engine by means of an electric machine, the so-called electric vehicle.

In order to be able to supply the electric machine with electric energy, a battery, also called traction battery, is built into the vehicle. Traction batteries provide high current at very high voltages in excess of hundreds of volts, for example 400V to 800V. The transmission of high currents results in heating of the traction battery or individual battery components of the traction battery. There is therefore a need to monitor the components of the traction battery.

For example, a temperature sensor may be disposed on the current rail within the traction battery to continuously monitor the temperature of the current rail. By knowing the temperature of the current rail, it is ensured that the material-dependent and temperature-dependent current carrying capacity of the current rail is not exceeded and overheating of components of the traction battery is prevented.

Typically, the temperature sensor is screwed, for example, by means of a cable shoe. Alternatively, the temperature sensor may be mounted, for example, by means of an adhesive material (e.g. a so-called Capton film). In the case of screw-connection of temperature sensors, the measuring unit often has a distance of a few millimeters from the actual measuring point, and the measuring unit is damaged at its position due to the forces introduced by the cable sets and is therefore not accurate in the measurement. The same applies to bonded sensors, and it is furthermore difficult to ensure a safer construction of the sensor process in automated manufacturing.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved temperature detection in a battery for a vehicle in a constructively as simple as possible.

This object is achieved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are given in the dependent claims, the description and the figures. In particular, independent claims of one claim category may also be expanded similarly to dependent claims of another claim category.

The sensor device for detecting a physical quantity in a high-voltage battery according to the present invention has: a housing with a plurality of fastening elements for fastening the sensor device, wherein the housing encloses the receiving space and opens to at least one side; a sensor element movably arranged in the receiving space; and a spring element which is arranged in the receiving space between the sensor element and the housing wall of the housing, so that the sensor element is preloaded in the direction of the side of the opening of the housing.

The power supply system for a vehicle, such as a high-voltage battery, according to the present invention has: an energy source configured to store electrical energy and provide electrical energy; the sensor device of any one of the preceding claims; and a receiving unit designed to receive the sensor device, wherein the receiving unit is fixed within the power supply system and has a receiving element designed to engage into a fixing element of the sensor device.

The method for manufacturing a sensor device for detecting a physical quantity in a high-voltage battery according to the present invention has the steps of: a housing is provided with a plurality of fastening elements for fastening the sensor device, wherein the housing encloses a receiving space and is open to at least one side, the sensor element is introduced into the receiving space, wherein the sensor element is movably arranged in the receiving space, and a spring element is arranged in the receiving space between the sensor element and a housing wall of the housing, such that the spring element pretensions the sensor element in a direction along the side of the opening of the housing.

The invention is based on the recognition that it is difficult to detect, for example, an accurate measurement value on a current rail with a temperature sensor when the installation situation of the temperature sensor is affected by fluctuations or fluctuations.

The idea underlying the invention is therefore to provide a sensor with its own housing, which ensures a correspondingly constant mounting situation for the sensor.

For this purpose, the sensor device defines a housing which receives the respective sensor element. For this purpose, the housing encloses a receiving space which has an opening on one side. The sensor element is arranged in the receiving space in a movable manner and is preloaded in the direction of the opening by means of a spring element.

The sensor element is designed such that it protrudes out of the housing through the opening in the unstructured state of the sensor device. It will be appreciated that the sensitive area of the sensor element may be arranged on the portion of the sensor element protruding out of the housing.

If the sensor device is constructed, the end of the sensor element protruding out of the housing can be pressed onto the measuring location. The sensor element is thus moved in the housing against the spring force applied into the receiving space. If the housing is now permanently fixed in use, the position of the sensor element is also fixed and the sensor element is pressed into the measuring position by the spring force of the spring element.

It will be appreciated that the fixation element may be designed corresponding to the respective application. For example, the fastening element can be designed as an opening, which enables a screw connection or thermal caulking of the sensor device. It will be appreciated that any other type of fixation with a corresponding fixation element is possible.

By combining the spring preload with the matching capability of the movably fixed measuring element, possible irregularities of the measuring surface during the installation of the sensor device are compensated for.

Furthermore, an automatic construction of the sensor device can be achieved, without having to position the sensor element more than manually. In particular, the housing can be designed such that it can be reliably and automatically constructed. For this purpose, a corresponding surface or element may be provided, for example, which allows the sensor device to be actuated by a machine.

By automatic installation without manual adjustment, the sensor device can be built very accurately. Furthermore, a more accurate positioning and its maintenance in operation enables more accurate measurements.

Further embodiments and developments are derived from the dependent claims and the description by referring to the figures.

In one embodiment, the sensor element may have a plurality of electrical contacts, and for each electrical contact a contact element may be provided, which is coupled to the respective electrical contact by means of an electrical conductor. Furthermore, the housing can have a receiving surface for each contact element that is accessible from the outside and the contact elements are arranged on the respective receiving surface.

For the supply and evaluation of the sensor element, electrical connections to the sensor element are generally required, by means of which electrical contacts of the sensor element can be contacted. The sensor element is movably supported and preloaded by a spring force. Thus, the position of the sensor element within the housing and thus the position of the electrical contact is not constant.

In order to be able to electrically contact the sensor element, in particular during automatic mounting, a contact element is therefore provided. For each electrical contact, a contact element is provided, which is connected to the electrical contact by means of an electrical line. It will be appreciated that the contact element itself is electrically conductive. The housing now has a corresponding receiving surface for the contact element, which receiving surface is accessible from the outside. It should be understood in this connection that the contact elements are accessible from the outside of the housing when they are mounted on the corresponding receiving surfaces. The contact element may thus be electrically contacted to couple the sensor element, for example, with a control device in the vehicle.

The contact element can be designed, for example, as a surface shape and can be glued and/or snapped onto the receiving surface. The contact element, which is designed as a planar shape, can be contacted very simply, for example, by a spring force or a spring pin. It will be appreciated that any other suitable shape may be selected for the contact element. For example, the contact element can be designed as a clip contact or a screw contact.

In another embodiment, the sensor element may have an electrically insulating housing and the housing has an electrically insulating material.

As already explained above, the sensor device may be used, for example, in a high-voltage battery for an electric vehicle, in which very high voltages and currents are conducted. Therefore, in order to protect electrical components, for example, to protect a control device in a vehicle that evaluates the sensor device, it is necessary to ensure insulation between the portion of the high-voltage battery that conducts voltage and the sensor device.

If the sensor element is wrapped with, for example, plastic or another electrically insulating material, it is ensured that the voltage or current cannot be conducted through the measuring element. The same applies to the housing when the housing is manufactured from an electrically insulating material. The housing can thus be constructed, for example, to be placed on a current rail without the risk of damaging the connected control device. The high-voltage network or the high-voltage network subject to temperature monitoring can thus be electrically isolated from the low-voltage network or the low-voltage network in which the sensor elements and, for example, the connected control elements are arranged.

In a further embodiment, the housing may have a bearing surface protruding into the receiving space, wherein the sensor element may have a corresponding latching element which can be designed to slide on the bearing surface when the sensor element is inserted into the housing and to rest against the bearing surface after the sensor element has been inserted into the housing to a maximum tensioning state of the spring element. Alternatively, the sensor element may have a bearing surface which extends outwards from the sensor element and the housing may have a corresponding catch element which protrudes into the receiving space and which is designed to slide on the bearing surface when the sensor element is inserted into the housing and to rest on the bearing surface after the sensor element has been inserted into the housing to the maximum tension state of the spring element.

For the first variant described here, the bearing surface can be designed, for example, as a projection which is arranged on the inner circumference of the receiving space. Since the bearing surface forms a bearing for the sensor element or the locking element, the side of the bearing surface facing the locking element can be placed, for example, perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the sensor element. The latching element can be designed, for example, as a latching nose having a surface which is designed perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the sensor element in the direction of the bearing surface. The surface of the latching nose that emerges from the bearing surface is thus designed to be inclined relative to the direction of movement of the sensor element.

This arrangement enables the sensor element to be introduced into the receiving space through an opening in the housing. When the latching lugs come into contact with the housing, the inclined surfaces of the latching lugs slide on the housing. It will be appreciated that the catch lugs may be flexible such that they are pressed back when the sensor element is further introduced into the housing. As long as the latching lugs match the position of the bearing surface, the latching lugs relax and protrude beyond the bearing surface. If the sensor element is now pulled out of the housing, the bearing surface blocks the path of the latching nose and retains the sensor element in the housing. The sensor element is clamped into the housing in this respect.

For the second variant described above, the situation described here applies similarly.

Furthermore, a guide can be provided, for example, on the inner side of the housing, in which guide the latching nose is guided when the sensor element moves.

It should be understood that in another embodiment, a further opening may be provided in the housing, through which opening the sensor element may be introduced into the receiving space. The second opening may be arranged opposite the first opening on the housing, for example. The sensor element can thus be introduced into the housing through the second opening, for example from behind. The system described above with latching lugs and bearing surfaces can be applied correspondingly.

This second opening enables, for example, an electrical contact of the sensor element to be made during the step of inserting the sensor element. For this purpose, the sensor element may be equipped with corresponding contact elements, for example, already by means of electrical leads, when inserted. Now, if the sensor element is inserted into the housing, the contact element can be glued to the receiving surface in the same step, for example.

In one embodiment, the sensor device may have a contact means, which may be arranged on the end of the sensor element that emerges from the receiving space through the opening.

The contact means serve to better transmit the physical quantity to be detected. The contact device can thus be adapted to the respective measuring task. If the sensor element is used for voltage measurement, the contact means may be electrical contact means, which reduces the transmission resistance.

In one embodiment, the sensor element may have a thermal sensor and the contact means may have thermally conductive means.

As explained above, it is necessary to monitor the temperature of, for example, a current rail in a high-voltage battery for a vehicle. Thus, the sensor element may have a thermal sensor, for example an NTC or PTC sensor. It will be appreciated that the contact means is selected to support heat conduction to the sensor element. The heat-conducting means can be designed, for example, as a heat-conducting mat (so-called shim mat) which is glued to the corresponding end of the sensor element.

The heat-conducting device is used in particular to compensate for irregularities between the sensor element and the measurement object, so that the gap or play is closed and the heat conduction is optimized.

In another embodiment, the housing may have a plurality of orientation means, which may be arranged on an outer surface of the housing, and which may be designed to determine the orientation of the sensor device when the sensor device is built.

The orientation means may for example be designed as a tab, wing or pin protruding from the outer surface of the housing. It will be appreciated that the orientation means may also be designed as a notch or recess in the housing. In order to ensure a correct orientation of the sensor device, a corresponding counter element or counter geometry is provided in the receptacle for the sensor device, into which the orientation means engage or into which the counter element or counter geometry engages. This geometry that prevents erroneous construction of the sensor may also be referred to as a "mistake-proofing" geometry (Poka-Yoke-geometry). The japanese expression "error proofing" here indicates a principle comprising a plurality of elements, which includes technical measures or means for immediately detecting and preventing an error.

For example, the housing may be designed to be cylindrical. On the outside of the housing, the orientation means can be designed, for example, as a tab and/or a groove. The receptacle for the sensor device has corresponding mating elements, so that a rotation of the sensor device or a construction of the sensor device with incorrect orientation is not possible.

Drawings

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are explained below by referring to the drawings. The figures are:

fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention;

fig. 2 shows a top view of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention;

FIG. 4 shows a side view of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention;

fig. 5 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a power supply system according to the invention;

fig. 6 shows an isometric view of an embodiment of a sensor device and a receiving unit according to the invention; and

fig. 7 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.

The drawings are merely schematic representations, and serve only to explain the invention. Identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals throughout the several views.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a sensor device 100. The sensor device 100 has a housing 101, which housing 101 is designed cylindrically and is open at an end 106. On the closed end of the housing 101 opposite the open end 106, two fastening elements 102, 103 are furthermore provided, the fastening elements 102, 103 extending laterally from the housing 101. The fixing elements 102, 103 serve to fix the housing 100 in use. The corresponding receiving section is illustrated in fig. 6. It should be understood that the number of two fixation elements 102, 103 is chosen by way of example only, and that there may be more or fewer fixation elements. The housing 101 encloses a receiving space 105, in which receiving space 105 a sensor element 107 is movably arranged. Furthermore, a spring element 108 is arranged between the sensor element 107 and the closed end, said spring element 108 being preloaded in the direction of the open end 106.

It will be appreciated that the closed end of the housing 101 may have an opening through which, for example, a wire or the like may be introduced into the sensor element 107. Closure is understood to mean that the measuring element of the sensor element 107 is not guided outwards through this end or this side of the housing 101 for taking a measurement.

The sensor apparatus 100 is illustrated in an unstructured state. In this state, the end of the sensor element 107 protrudes out of the housing 101 through the open end 106. It should be understood that corresponding path limiting elements or the like may be provided which limit the path of the sensor element 107. It should be appreciated that the end of the sensor element 107 that protrudes out of the housing 101 may be a sensitive end. The actual measuring element of the sensor element 107 can thus be arranged at this end.

If the sensor element 100 is now constructed in the application, the protruding end of the sensor element 107 is pressed onto the measuring location of the measuring object. Here, the sensor element 107 is pushed back into the housing and compresses the spring element 108. In the final position, the sensor device 100 is fixed by the fixing elements 102, 103. The fixing elements 102, 103 may for example have openings for screw connections or heat caulking plastic pins.

In use, the sensitive measuring element of the sensor element 107 is thus pressed onto the measuring position by the spring element 108. In this way, a reliable measurement of the quantity to be detected, for example of temperature, is ensured.

Fig. 2 shows a top view of the sensor device 200. The sensor device 200 has a cylindrical housing 201, around the circumference of which three fastening elements 202, 203, 204 are arranged, each having a borehole or opening for fastening the sensor device 200. As can be seen in plan view, two contact elements 210, 211 are arranged at the visible end of the cylindrical housing 201, which contact elements 210, 211 are connected to the electrical contacts of the sensor element 207 by means of wires 212, 213. The contact elements 210, 211 may be arranged on corresponding carriers or receiving surfaces on the housing 201. Furthermore, two orientation devices 214, 215 are arranged on the outer wall of the housing 201. The orientation means 214, 215 are designed in the form of wings or tabs and serve to mount the sensor device 200 correctly according to the "error-proofing" principle. Since the orientation means 214, 215 are arranged asymmetrically on the outer wall of the housing 201, said orientation means 214, 215 can be constructed so as not to rotate in case the receptacle for the sensor device 200 has a corresponding configuration.

Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the sensor device 200. In a sectional view, it can be seen that the fastening elements 202, 203 extend laterally from the inclined plane of the housing 201 in a wing-like manner. Furthermore, the housing 201 has latching elements 218, 219 at the open end, which latching elements 218, 219 serve as bearings for corresponding bearing surfaces 219, 220 of the sensor element 207. The sensor element 207 can thus be introduced into the housing 201 by the latching elements 218, 219 and the latching elements 218, 219 are prevented from falling out by the rear side.

The body of the sensor element 207 is designed as a cylinder and the spring element 208 is designed as a helical spring, said spring element 208 being guided through the body of the sensor element 207. The body of the sensor element 207 is thus placed within the spring element 208. The wires 212, 213 extend from the sensor element 207 through corresponding openings on the upper side of the housing 201 to the contact elements 210, 211.

A thermal pad 221 is arranged on the underside of the sensor element 207. The thermal pad 221 is pressed onto the measurement object when the sensor device 200 is built up and fills the gap or unevenness between the sensor element 207 and the measurement object.

Fig. 4 shows a side view of the sensor device 200. Wing-like orientation means 214, 215 are particularly clearly visible in the side view of the sensor device 200. Since the orientation means 214, 215 are used for orienting the sensor device 200 when it is constructed, i.e. the orientation means 214, 215 extend approximately over the entire length of the cylindrical housing 201 when the sensor device 200 is introduced into the corresponding receptacle.

Fig. 5 shows a block diagram of a power supply system 350. The power supply system 350 may be used, for example, within a vehicle.

The power supply system 350 has an energy source 351, which energy source 351 is contacted by a current rail 352. It should be appreciated that more than one current rail 352 may be provided. The energy source 351 may be, for example, a rechargeable battery cell that stores electrical energy and provides the electrical energy when needed. The energy source 351 may thus be an energy storage system, such as a fuel cell unit in addition to a rechargeable battery unit, for example.

A sensor device 300 is arranged on the current rail 352, the sensor device 300 being fixed by a receiving unit 353. As explained above, the sensor device 300 may have orientation means for correctly positioning or orienting the sensor device 300. It is understood that the receiving unit 353 may have a corresponding counterpart, as shown in fig. 6.

Fig. 6 shows an isometric view of the sensor apparatus 200 and the receiving unit 453. The receiving unit 453 has an opening (not visible) into which the body of the sensor device 200 is introduced. Furthermore, receiving elements 455, 456, 457 for the fastening elements 202, 203, 204 of the sensor device 200 are provided on the surface of the receiving unit 453. The receiving elements 455, 456, 457 are designed as pins which are pressed together when the sensor device 200 is installed. The pins can thus be made, for example, of plastic (hot pressing) or of metal.

Finally, the surface of the receiving unit 453 has two counterparts 458, 459 for the orientation means 214, 215 of the sensor device 200. The counterparts 458, 459 are designed as recesses, the inner contours of which correspond to the outer contours of the orientation means 214, 215. The construction of the sensor device 200 in a unique orientation is ensured by the counterparts 458, 459.

For easier understanding, reference numerals for fig. 1 to 6 are maintained in the following description. Fig. 7 shows a flowchart of a method for manufacturing the sensor device 100, 200, 300, 400 for detecting physical quantities within a high voltage battery.

In a first step "providing" S1, a housing 101, 201 is provided, said housing 101, 201 having a plurality of fastening elements 102, 103, 202, 203, 204 for fastening the sensor device 100, 200, 300, 400. The housing 101, 201 may be designed, for example, as an injection-molded part. The housing 101, 201 is provided with a receiving space 105 or encloses this receiving space 105 and is open on at least one side 106. In a second step S2, the sensor elements 107, 207 are introduced into the receiving space 105, wherein the sensor elements 107, 207 are movably arranged in the receiving space 105. In a third step S3, the spring element 108, 208 is arranged in the receiving space 105 between the sensor element 107, 207 and the housing wall of the housing 101, 201, such that the spring element 108, 208 pretensions the sensor element 107, 207 in the direction of the open side 106 of the housing 101, 201.

For electrical contact, the sensor elements 107, 207 have a plurality of electrical contacts. In the manufacture of the sensor element 107, 207, one contact element 210, 211 may be provided for each electrical contact and the contact element 210, 211 is coupled to the respective electrical contact by means of an electrical lead 212, 213. A receiving surface for the contact elements 210, 211, which is accessible from the outside, can be provided on the housing 101, 201, and the contact elements 210, 211 can be arranged on the respective receiving surface, i.e. for example, the contact elements 210, 211 are glued.

Because the sensor device 100, 200, 300, 400 can be used with high voltages in applications, an electrically insulating housing can be arranged around the sensor element 107, 207. Furthermore, the housing 101, 201 may be at least partially formed from an electrically insulating material.

For a simple installation of the sensor device 100, 200, 300, 400, a support surface 220 can be provided in the housing 101, 201, said support surface 220 protruding into the receiving space 105. Corresponding latching elements 218, 219 can be provided on the sensor element 107, 207, which latching elements 218, 219 slide on the bearing surface 220 when the sensor element 107, 207 is inserted into the housing 101, 201 and rest on the bearing surface 220 after the sensor element 107, 207 has been inserted into the housing 101, 201 to a maximum tensioning state of the spring element 108, 208. The sensor element 107, 207 may thus be clamped into the housing 101, 201. It will be appreciated that the arrangement may also be flipped. Bearing surfaces 220 can thus be formed on the sensor elements 107, 207, and latching elements 218, 219 can be formed in the housing 101, 201, respectively.

On the ends of the sensor elements 107, 207 exposed from the receiving space 105 through the openings, contact means 221 are arranged. For example, the sensor elements 107, 207 may have thermal sensors and the contact means 221 may have thermally conductive means.

In order to reliably and correctly mount the sensor device 100, 200, 300, 400, a plurality of orientation means 214, 215 may be arranged on the outer surface of the housing 101, 201, said orientation means 214, 215 determining the orientation of the sensor device 100, 200, 300, 400 when the sensor device 100, 200, 300, 400 is built.

Because the apparatus and methods described in detail hereinabove relate to embodiments, the practitioner may modify the apparatus and methods within additional scope in the usual manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the mechanical arrangement and mutual dimensional relationships of the individual elements are merely exemplary.

List of reference numerals

100. 200, 300, 400 sensor device

101. 201 housing

102. 103, 202, 203, 204 fixation elements

105. Receiving space

106. Side of the vehicle

107. 207 sensor element

108. 208 spring element

210. 211 contact element

212. 213 wire

214. 215 orientation device

218. 219 latch element

220. Bearing surface

221. Heat conduction pad

350. Power supply system

351. Power supply

352. Current rail

353. 453 receiving unit

455. 456,457 receiving element

458. 459 counterpart

S1, S2 and S3 method steps

Claims

1. A sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) for detecting a physical quantity within a high voltage battery, wherein the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) has:

a housing (101, 201) having a plurality of fastening elements (102, 103, 202, 203, 204) for fastening the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), wherein the housing (101, 201) encloses a receiving space (105) and is open to at least one side (106),

a sensor element (107, 207) movably arranged in the receiving space (105), and

a spring element (108, 208), which spring element (108, 208) is arranged in the receiving space (105) between the sensor element (107, 207) and a housing wall of the housing (101, 201) such that the sensor element (107, 207) is pretensioned in the direction of the open side (106) of the housing (101, 201),

wherein the housing (101, 201) has a bearing surface (220) protruding into the receiving space (105), and the sensor element (107, 207) has a corresponding latching element (218, 219), the latching element (218, 219) being flexible, and the latching element (218, 219) being designed to slide on the bearing surface (220) when the sensor element (107, 207) is inserted into the housing (101, 201), and the latching element (218, 219) resting on the bearing surface (220) after the sensor element (107, 207) has been inserted into the housing (101, 201) to a maximum tension state of the spring element (108, 208), or

Wherein the sensor element (107, 207) has a bearing surface (220), the bearing surface (220) extending outwards from the sensor element (107, 207), and wherein the housing (101, 201) has a corresponding catch element (218, 219) protruding into the receiving space (105), the catch element (218, 219) being flexible and designed to slide on the bearing surface (220) upon insertion of the sensor element (107, 207) into the housing (101, 201), and the catch element (218, 219) resting on the bearing surface (220) upon insertion of the sensor element (107, 207) into the housing (101, 201) reaching a maximum tensioning state of the spring element (108, 208).

2. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 1, wherein the sensor element (102, 207) has a plurality of electrical contacts and for each of the electrical contacts a contact element (210, 211) is provided, which is coupled with the respective electrical contact by an electrical lead (212, 213), and

wherein the housing (101, 201) has a receiving surface for each contact element (210, 211) that is accessible from the outside, and the contact elements (210, 211) are arranged on the respective receiving surfaces.

3. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensor element (107, 207) has an electrically insulating housing and the housing (101, 201) has an electrically insulating material.

4. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 1 or 2, the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) being provided with a contact means (221), the contact means (221) being arranged on an end of the sensor element (107, 207) exposed from the receiving space (105) through an opening.

5. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 4, wherein the sensor element (107, 207) has a thermal sensor and the contact means (221) has a heat conducting means.

6. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the housing (101, 201) has a plurality of orientation means (214, 215) arranged on an outer surface of the housing (101, 201) and designed to determine an orientation of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) when the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) is built.

7. A power supply system (350) for a vehicle, the power supply system (350) having:

an energy source (351) configured to store electrical energy and provide electrical energy,

the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to any of the preceding claims, and

-a receiving unit (353, 354), the receiving unit (353, 354) being designed to receive the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), wherein the receiving unit (353, 354) is fixed within the power supply system (350) and has a receiving element (455, 456, 457) which is designed to engage into a fixing element (102, 103, 202, 203, 204) of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400).

8. The power supply system (350) according to claim 7, wherein the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) is designed according to claim 6, and the receiving unit (353, 453) has a counterpart (458, 459) corresponding to the orientation means (214, 215) of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), which counterpart is designed to determine the orientation of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) within the receiving unit (353, 453) when engaged with the orientation means (214, 215).

9. A method for manufacturing a sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) for detecting a physical quantity within a high voltage battery, wherein the method has the steps of:

providing (S1) a housing (101, 201) with a plurality of fastening elements (102, 103, 202, 203, 204) for fastening the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), wherein the housing (101, 201) encloses a receiving space (105) and is open to at least one side (106),

-introducing (S2) a sensor element (107, 207) into the receiving space (105), wherein the sensor element (107, 207) is movably arranged in the receiving space (105), and

-arranging (S3) a spring element (108, 208) between the sensor element (107, 207) and a housing wall of the housing (101, 201) in the receiving space (105) such that the spring element (108, 208) pretensions the sensor element (107, 207) in the direction of the open side (106) of the housing (101, 201),

wherein a bearing surface (220) protruding into the receiving space (105) is designed in the housing (101, 201), and wherein a corresponding latching element (218, 219) is designed on the sensor element (107, 207), the latching element (218, 219) being flexible, and the latching element (218, 219) sliding on the bearing surface (220) when the sensor element (107, 207) is inserted into the housing (101, 201), and the latching element (218, 219) resting on the bearing surface (220) after the sensor element (107, 207) has been inserted into the housing (101, 201) to a maximum tension state of the spring element (108, 208), or

Wherein a bearing surface (220) is provided on the sensor element (107, 207), the bearing surface (220) extending outwards from the sensor element (107, 207), and wherein a corresponding latching element (218, 219) protruding into the receiving space (105) is provided in the housing (101, 201), the latching element (218, 219) being flexible, and the latching element (218, 219) sliding on the bearing surface (220) when the sensor element (107, 207) is inserted into the housing (101, 201), and the latching element (218, 219) resting on the bearing surface (220) after the sensor element (107, 207) has been inserted into the housing (101, 201) to a maximum tension state of the spring element (108, 208).

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the sensor element (102, 207) has a plurality of electrical contacts and a contact element (210, 211) is provided for each of the electrical contacts and is coupled with the respective electrical contact by an electrical lead (212, 213), and wherein a receiving surface for each contact element (210, 211) is provided on the housing (101, 201) accessible from the outside and the contact element (210, 211) is arranged onto the respective receiving surface; and/or

Wherein an electrically insulating housing is arranged around the sensor element (107, 207), and wherein the housing (101, 201) is at least partially formed of an electrically insulating material.

11. The method according to any of the preceding claims 9 to 10, wherein contact means (221) are arranged on the end of the sensor element (107, 207) exposed from the receiving space (105) through the opening.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein the sensor element (107, 207) has a thermal sensor and the contact means (221) has a heat conducting means.

13. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein a plurality of orientation means (214, 215) are arranged on the outer surface of the housing (101, 201), wherein the orientation means (214, 215) determine the orientation of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) when constructing the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400).