CN110967052A

CN110967052A - Sensor device, power supply system and method

Info

Publication number: CN110967052A
Application number: CN201910929110.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 莱茵霍尔德·哈默勒
Original assignee: Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Current assignee: Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Priority date: 2018-09-28
Filing date: 2019-09-28
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-28
Also published as: CN110967052B; DE102018124028A1

Abstract

A sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) for detecting a physical quantity within a high voltage battery is disclosed. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) has: a housing (101, 201) having a plurality of fastening elements (102, 103, 202, 203, 204) for fastening the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), wherein the housing (101, 201) encloses a receiving space (105) and is open to at least one side (106); a sensor element (107, 207) movably arranged within the receiving space (105); and a spring element (108, 208), which spring element (108, 208) is arranged in the receiving space (105) between the sensor element (107, 207) and a housing wall of the housing (101, 201) in such a way that the sensor element (107, 207) is prestressed in the direction of the open side (106) of the housing (101, 201). The invention further discloses a corresponding power supply system (350) and a corresponding method.

Description

Sensor device, power supply system and method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to a sensor device. The invention further relates to a corresponding power supply system and a corresponding method.

Background

The invention is mainly described below in connection with a battery in a vehicle. It should be understood that the invention can be used in any application where it is necessary to reliably monitor a physical quantity.

In modern vehicles, attempts are made to reduce the fuel consumption or the local emissions of the vehicle. One possibility for reducing vehicle emissions is to support the internal combustion engine by means of an electric machine, so-called plug-in hybrid, or to replace the internal combustion engine by means of an electric machine, so-called electric vehicles.

In order to be able to supply the electric machine with electrical energy, a battery, which is also referred to as a traction battery, is built into the vehicle. Traction batteries provide high current at very high voltages, e.g., 400V to 800V, in excess of several hundred volts. The transmission of high currents leads to heating of the traction battery or individual battery components of the traction battery. There is therefore a need to monitor components of the traction battery.

For example, a temperature sensor may be disposed on the current rail within the traction battery to continuously monitor the temperature of the current rail. By knowing the temperature of the current rail, it is possible to ensure that the material-dependent and temperature-dependent current-carrying capacity of the current rail is not exceeded and to prevent overheating of components of the traction battery.

Typically, the temperature sensor is screwed, for example by means of a cable shoe. Alternatively, the temperature sensor may be mounted, for example, by an adhesive material (e.g., a so-called Capton film). When screwing temperature sensors, the measuring unit often has a distance of a few millimeters from the actual measurement point and is damaged in its position due to the forces introduced by the cable set and is therefore inaccurate in the measurement. The same applies to bonded sensors, which in addition are difficult to ensure a safer construction of the sensor process in automated manufacturing.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved temperature detection in a battery for a vehicle in a manner that is as simple as possible in terms of construction.

This technical problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are given in the dependent claims, the description and the figures. In particular, independent claims of one claim category can also be extended similarly to dependent claims of another claim category.

The sensor device for detecting a physical quantity in a high-voltage battery according to the present invention has: a housing with a plurality of fastening elements for fastening the sensor device, wherein the housing encloses a receiving space and is open to at least one side; a sensor element movably arranged within the receiving space; and a spring element which is arranged between the sensor element and a housing wall of the housing in the receiving space, such that the sensor element is prestressed in the direction of the side of the opening of the housing.

The power supply system for a vehicle, such as a high-voltage battery, according to the present invention has: an energy source designed to store electrical energy and to provide electrical energy; the sensor device of any one of the preceding claims; and a receiving unit, which is designed to receive the sensor device, wherein the receiving unit is fixed in the power supply system and has a receiving element, which is designed to engage into a fixing element of the sensor device.

The method for manufacturing a sensor device for detecting a physical quantity within a high-voltage battery according to the present invention has the steps of: a housing with a plurality of fastening elements for fastening a sensor device is provided, wherein the housing encloses a receiving space and is open to at least one side, the sensor element is introduced into the receiving space, wherein the sensor element is movably arranged in the receiving space, and a spring element is arranged in the receiving space between the sensor element and a housing wall of the housing, such that the spring element pretensions the sensor element in the direction along the side of the opening of the housing.

The invention is based on the recognition that it is difficult to detect, for example, precise measured values on the current rail with a temperature sensor when the installation of the temperature sensor is influenced by fluctuations or fluctuations.

The concept on which the invention is based is therefore to provide a sensor with its own housing which ensures a correspondingly constant installation situation for the sensor.

For this purpose, the sensor device defines a housing which receives the corresponding sensor element. For this purpose, the housing encloses a receiving space which has an opening on one side. The sensor element is arranged in a movable manner in the receiving space and is prestressed by means of a spring element in the direction of the opening.

The sensor element is designed here such that it protrudes out of the housing through the opening in the non-constructed state of the sensor device. It should be understood that the sensitive region of the sensor element can be arranged on the part of the sensor element protruding out of the housing.

If the sensor device is constructed, the end of the sensor element projecting out of the housing can be pressed onto the measuring location. The sensor element thus moves within the housing against the spring force applied into the receiving space. If the housing is now permanently fixed in use, the position of the sensor element is also fixed and the sensor element is pressed into the measuring position by the spring force of the spring element.

It is to be understood that the fixing element may be designed corresponding to the respective application. For example, the fastening element can be designed as an opening which enables a screw connection or thermal caulking of the sensor device. It is understood that any other type of fixation with corresponding fixation elements is possible.

By combining the spring pretensioning with the matching capability of the movably fixed measuring element, possible irregularities of the measuring surface during the installation of the sensor device are compensated.

Furthermore, an automatic construction of the sensor device can be achieved without positioning the sensor element more than manually. In particular, the housing can be designed such that it can be built up reliably and automatically. For this purpose, corresponding surfaces or elements can be provided, for example, which allow the sensor device to be handled by a machine.

By automatic mounting without manual adjustment, the sensor device can be constructed very accurately. Furthermore, more precise positioning and maintenance thereof enable more precise measurement results in operation.

Further embodiments and developments emerge from the dependent claims and the description with reference to the drawings.

In one embodiment, the sensor element may have a plurality of electrical contacts, and a contact element may be provided for each electrical contact, which is coupled to the respective electrical contact via an electrical line. Furthermore, the housing can have a receiving surface for each contact element that is accessible from the outside and the contact elements are arranged on the respective receiving surface.

For the power supply and evaluation of the sensor element, an electrical connection to the sensor element is usually required, via which electrical contacts of the sensor element can be contacted. The sensor element is mounted movably and is prestressed by spring force. Thus, the position of the sensor element within the housing and thus the position of the electrical contacts is not constant.

In order to make electrical contact with the sensor element, in particular during automatic assembly, a contact element is provided. For each electrical contact, a contact element is provided, which is connected to the electrical contact via an electrical line. It is to be understood that the contact element itself is electrically conductive. The housing now has corresponding receiving surfaces for the contact elements, which are accessible from the outside. It is to be understood in this connection that the contact elements are accessible from the outside of the housing when they are mounted on the corresponding receiving surface. The contact element can thus be electrically contacted to couple the sensor element, for example, with a control device in the vehicle.

The contact element can be designed, for example, as a surface and glued and/or snapped onto the receiving surface. The contact element, which is designed as a surface, can be contacted very simply, for example by means of a spring force or a spring pin. It will be appreciated that any other suitable shape may be selected for the contact elements. For example, the contact element can be designed as a clip contact or as a screw contact.

In a further embodiment, the sensor element can have an electrically insulating housing and the housing can have an electrically insulating material.

As already explained above, the sensor device can be used, for example, in a high-voltage battery for an electric vehicle, in which high voltages and currents are conducted. Therefore, in order to protect electrical components, for example, to protect a control device that evaluates the sensor device in a vehicle, it is necessary to ensure insulation between the voltage-conducting portion of the high-voltage battery and the sensor device.

If the sensor element is wrapped, for example, in plastic or another electrically insulating material, it is ensured that no voltage or current can be conducted through the measuring element. The same applies to the housing when it is made of an electrically insulating material. The housing can thus be constructed, for example, to rest on a current rail without the risk of damaging the connected control device. The high-voltage network or high-voltage network subjected to temperature monitoring can thus be electrically isolated from the low-voltage network or low-voltage network in which the sensor elements and, for example, the connected control elements are arranged.

In a further embodiment, the housing can have a bearing surface projecting into the receiving space, wherein the sensor element can have a corresponding latching element which can be designed to slide on the bearing surface when the sensor element is inserted into the housing and to rest on the bearing surface after the sensor element has been inserted into the housing to a maximum tension state of the spring element. Alternatively, the sensor element can have a bearing surface which extends outward from the sensor element, and the housing can have a corresponding latching element which projects into the receiving space and is designed to slide on the bearing surface when the sensor element is inserted into the housing and to rest on the bearing surface after the sensor element has been inserted into the housing to the maximum tensioned state of the spring element.

With the first variant described here, the bearing surface can be designed, for example, as a projection which is arranged on the inner circumference of the receiving space. Since the bearing surface forms a bearing for the sensor element or the catch element, the side of the bearing surface facing the catch element can be placed, for example, perpendicular to the direction of movement of the sensor element. The latching element can be designed, for example, as a latching lug which has a surface designed perpendicular to the direction of movement of the sensor element in the direction of the bearing surface. The surface of the latching lug which emerges from the bearing surface is therefore designed to be inclined relative to the direction of movement of the sensor element.

This arrangement enables the sensor element to be introduced into the receiving space through an opening in the housing. When the catch lug comes into contact with the housing, the inclined surface of the catch lug slides on the housing. It is understood that the detent lug can be flexible, so that it is pressed back when the sensor element is introduced further into the housing. As long as the latching lugs match the position of the bearing surface, they are relaxed and project beyond the bearing surface. If the sensor element is now pulled out of the housing, the bearing surface blocks the path of the latching lug and retains the sensor element in the housing. The sensor element is in this respect clamped into the housing.

For the second variant described above, the situation described here applies analogously.

Furthermore, a guide can be provided, for example, on the inner side of the housing, in which guide the detent lug is guided during the movement of the sensor element.

It is to be understood that in another embodiment, a further opening may be provided in the housing, through which opening the sensor element may be introduced into the receiving space. The second opening may be arranged on the housing, for example, opposite the first opening. The sensor element can thus be introduced into the housing through the second opening, for example from behind. The system described above with the latching lug and the bearing surface can be used correspondingly.

This second opening enables, for example, an electrical contact of the sensor element to be produced during the step of inserting the sensor element. For this purpose, the sensor element can already be provided with corresponding contact elements, for example by electrical lines, during insertion. Now, if the sensor element is inserted into the housing, the contact element can be glued in the same step, for example, to the receiving surface.

In one embodiment, the sensor device can have a contact means, which can be arranged on the end of the sensor element emerging from the receiving space through the opening.

The contact means serve for better transmission of the physical quantity to be detected. The contact device can thus be adapted to the respective measuring task. If the sensor element is used for voltage measurement, the contact means may be electrical contact means, which reduces the transmission resistance.

In one embodiment, the sensor element can have a thermal sensor and the contact device can have a heat-conducting device.

As explained above, in a high voltage battery for a vehicle, it is necessary to monitor, for example, the temperature of a current rail. The sensor element may thus have a thermal sensor, for example an NTC or PTC sensor. It will be appreciated that the contact means is selected to support heat conduction to the sensor element. The heat conduction means can be designed, for example, as heat-conducting pads (so-called shim pads) which are bonded to the respective ends of the sensor element.

The heat-conducting device is used in particular to compensate for irregularities between the sensor element and the measurement object, so that gaps or gaps are closed and the heat conduction is optimized.

In a further embodiment, the housing can have a plurality of orientation means, which can be arranged on an outer surface of the housing and which can be designed to determine the orientation of the sensor device when the sensor device is built up.

The orientation means may for example be designed as a tab, wing or pin protruding from the outer surface of the housing. It will be appreciated that the orientation means may also be designed as indentations or recesses in the housing. To ensure correct orientation of the sensor device, a corresponding counter element or counter geometry is provided in the receptacle for the sensor device, into which the orientation means engage, or into which the counter element or counter geometry engages. This geometry that prevents erroneous construction of the sensor may also be referred to as a "false proof geometry (Poka-Yoke-Geometrien). The japanese expression "error-proofing" here indicates a principle comprising a plurality of elements, which principle comprises technical measures or means for immediately detecting and preventing errors.

For example, the housing can be designed to be cylindrical. The orientation means can be designed, for example, as a tab and/or a groove on the outside of the housing. The receptacle for the sensor device has corresponding mating elements, so that rotation of the sensor device or the construction of the sensor device with incorrect orientation cannot be realized.

Drawings

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are explained below by referring to the drawings. The figures are as follows:

fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention;

FIG. 2 shows a top view of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention;

FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention;

FIG. 4 shows a side view of an embodiment of a sensor device according to the invention;

FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a power supply system according to the invention;

fig. 6 shows an isometric view of an embodiment of a sensor device and a receiving unit according to the invention; and

fig. 7 shows a flow chart of an embodiment of a method according to the invention.

The figures are only schematic representations and are only intended to explain the invention. Identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals throughout.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a sensor device 100. The sensor device 100 has a housing 101, which housing 101 is designed to be cylindrical and is open at an end 106. Two

fastening elements

102, 103 are furthermore provided at the closed end of the housing 101 opposite the open end 106, said

fastening elements

102, 103 extending laterally from the housing 101. The fixing

elements

102, 103 serve to fix the housing 100 in use. The corresponding receiving part is illustrated in fig. 6. It should be understood that the number of two

fixation elements

102, 103 is only exemplarily selected and that more or fewer fixation elements may be present. The housing 101 encloses a receiving space 105, in which receiving space 105 a sensor element 107 is movably arranged. Furthermore, a spring element 108 is arranged between the sensor element 107 and the closed end, said spring element 108 being biased in the direction of the open end 106.

It is to be understood that the closed end of the housing 101 may have an opening through which, for example, a wire or the like may be introduced into the sensor element 107. The closure is to be understood such that the measuring element of the sensor element 107 is not guided through this end or this side of the housing 101 for the measurement to take place.

The sensor device 100 is illustrated in an unstructured state. In this state, the end of the sensor element 107 protrudes out of the housing 101 through the open end 106. It is understood that a corresponding path limiting element or the like may be provided which limits the path of the sensor element 107. It will be appreciated that the end of the sensor element 107 protruding out of the housing 101 may be the sensitive end. The actual measuring element of the sensor element 107 can therefore be arranged at this end.

If the sensor element 100 is now built into the application, the projecting end of the sensor element 107 is pressed onto the measuring position of the measuring object. Here, the sensor element 107 is pushed back into the housing and compresses the spring element 108. In the final position, the sensor device 100 is fixed by the fixing

elements

102, 103. The fixing

elements

102, 103 may for example have openings for screw connections or thermally caulking plastic pins.

In use, the sensitive measuring element of the sensor element 107 is thus pressed into the measuring position by the spring element 108. This ensures a reliable measurement of the quantity to be detected, for example the temperature.

Fig. 2 shows a top view of a sensor device 200. The sensor device 200 has a cylindrical housing 201, around the circumference of which three fixing

elements

202, 203, 204 are arranged, each having a bore or opening for fixing the sensor device 200. As can be seen in the plan view, two

contact elements

210, 211 are arranged at the visible end of the cylindrical housing 201, said

contact elements

210, 211 being connected to the electrical contacts of the sensor element 207 by means of

lines

212, 213. The

contact elements

210, 211 may be arranged on corresponding carrier or receiving surfaces on the housing 201. Furthermore, two orientation means 214, 215 are arranged on the outer wall of the housing 201. The orientation means 214, 215 are designed in the form of wings or tabs and serve to mount the sensor device 200 correctly according to the "error and error proof" principle. Since the orientation means 214, 215 are arranged asymmetrically on the outer wall of the housing 201, the orientation means 214, 215 can be constructed so as not to rotate if the receiving portion for the sensor device 200 has a corresponding configuration.

Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a sensor device 200. In a cross-sectional view, it can be seen that the fixing

elements

202, 203 extend laterally from the bevel of the housing 201 in a wing-like manner. Furthermore, the housing 201 has latching

elements

218, 219 at the open ends, which latching

elements

218, 219 serve as a bearing for corresponding bearing surfaces 219, 220 of the sensor element 207. The sensor element 207 can thus be introduced into the housing 201 via the latching

elements

218, 219 and the latching

elements

218, 219 are prevented from falling out by the rear side.

The body of the sensor element 207 is designed as a cylinder and the spring element 208 is designed as a helical spring, said spring element 208 being guided through the body of the sensor element 207. The body of the sensor element 207 is thus placed within the spring element 208. The

wires

212, 213 extend from the sensor element 207 to the

contact elements

210, 211 through corresponding openings on the upper side of the housing 201.

On the underside of the sensor element 207 a thermal pad 221 is arranged. The thermal pad 221 is pressed onto the measurement object when the sensor device 200 is constructed and fills a gap or unevenness between the sensor element 207 and the measurement object.

Fig. 4 shows a side view of the sensor device 200. The wing-like orientation means 214, 215 are particularly clearly visible in the side view of the sensor device 200. Since, during assembly, the orientation means 214, 215 serve to orient the sensor device 200, i.e. when the sensor device 200 is introduced into the corresponding receptacle, the orientation means 214, 215 extend approximately over the entire length of the cylindrical housing 201.

Fig. 5 shows a block diagram of a power supply system 350. The power supply system 350 may be used, for example, in a vehicle.

The power supply system 350 has an energy source 351, which energy source 351 is contacted by a current rail 352. It should be understood that more than one current rail 352 may be provided. The energy source 351 may be, for example, a rechargeable battery unit that stores electrical energy and provides it when needed. The energy source 351 may thus be an energy storage system, such as a fuel cell unit in addition to a rechargeable battery unit, for example.

On the current rail 352, a sensor device 300 is provided, which sensor device 300 is fixed by a receiving unit 353. As explained above, the sensor device 300 may have an orientation means for correctly positioning or orienting the sensor device 300. It should be understood that the receiving unit 353 may have a corresponding counterpart, as shown in fig. 6.

Fig. 6 shows an isometric view of sensor device 200 and receiving unit 453. The receiving unit 453 has an opening (not visible) into which the body of the sensor apparatus 200 is introduced. Furthermore, receiving

elements

455, 456, 457 for the

fastening elements

202, 203, 204 of the sensor device 200 are provided on the surface of the receiving unit 453. The receiving

elements

455, 456, 457 are designed as pins which are pressed together when the sensor device 200 is mounted. The pins can thus be made, for example, of plastic (hot pressing) or of metal.

Finally, the surface of the receiving unit 453 has two

counterparts

458, 459 for the orientation means 214, 215 of the sensor device 200. The

counterpart

458, 459 is designed as a recess whose inner contour corresponds to the outer contour of the

orientation device

214, 215. The

pairing pieces

458, 459 ensure that the sensor device 200 is constructed in a unique orientation.

For easier understanding, the reference numerals for fig. 1 to 6 are maintained in the following description. Fig. 7 shows a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a

sensor device

100, 200, 300, 400 for detecting a physical quantity within a high voltage battery.

In a first step "providing" S1, a

housing

101, 201 is provided, the

housing

101, 201 having a plurality of

fastening elements

102, 103, 202, 203, 204 for fastening a

sensor device

100, 200, 300, 400. The

housing

101, 201 may be designed, for example, as an injection molded part. The

housing

101, 201 is provided with a receiving space 105 or encloses this receiving space 105 and is open on at least one side 106. In a second step S2, the

sensor element

107, 207 is introduced into the receiving space 105, wherein the

sensor element

107, 207 is movably arranged in the receiving space 105. In a third step S3, the

spring element

108, 208 is arranged in the receiving space 105 between the

sensor element

107, 207 and the housing wall of the

housing

101, 201, so that the

spring element

108, 208 pretensions the

sensor element

107, 207 in the direction of the open side 106 of the

housing

101, 201.

For the electrical contacting, the

sensor elements

107, 207 have a plurality of electrical contacts. In the manufacture of the

sensor elements

107, 207, one

contact element

210, 211 may be provided for each electrical contact, and the

contact elements

210, 211 are coupled to the respective electrical contact by means of

electrical leads

212, 213. A receiving surface for the

contact element

210, 211 that is accessible from the outside can be provided on the

housing

101, 201, and the

contact element

210, 211 can be arranged on the respective receiving surface, i.e. for example glued to the

contact element

210, 211.

Since the

sensor device

100, 200, 300, 400 can be used in applications with high voltages, an electrically insulating housing can be arranged around the

sensor element

107, 207. Furthermore, the

housing

101, 201 may be at least partially formed from an electrically insulating material.

For simple mounting of the

sensor device

100, 200, 300, 400, a bearing surface 220 can be provided in the

housing

101, 201, said bearing surface 220 projecting into the receiving space 105. Corresponding

latching elements

218, 219 can be provided on the

sensor elements

107, 207, which latching

elements

218, 219 slide on the bearing surface 220 when the

sensor elements

107, 207 are inserted into the

housing

101, 201 and rest on the bearing surface 220 after the

sensor elements

107, 207 have been inserted into the

housing

101, 201 to the maximum tension state of the

spring elements

108, 208. The

sensor element

107, 207 can thus be clamped into the

housing

101, 201. It will be appreciated that the arrangement may also be reversed. A bearing surface 220 can therefore be provided on the

sensor element

107, 207, and a

latching element

218, 219 can be provided in the

housing

101, 201.

On the ends of the

sensor elements

107, 207 exposed from the receiving space 105 through the openings, contact means 221 are arranged. For example, the

sensor elements

107, 207 may have a thermal sensor and the contact means 221 may have a heat conducting means.

For a reliable and correct installation of the

sensor device

100, 200, 300, 400, a plurality of orientation means 214, 215 can be arranged on the outer surface of the

housing

101, 201, which orientation means 214, 215 determine the orientation of the

sensor device

100, 200, 300, 400 when the

sensor device

100, 200, 300, 400 is constructed.

Since the apparatus and method described in detail in the foregoing are directed to embodiments, the apparatus and method may be modified in the usual manner by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the mechanical arrangement and the mutual dimensional relationship of the individual elements are merely exemplary.

List of reference numerals

100. 200, 300, 400 sensor device

101. 201 casing

102. 103, 202, 203, 204 fixing element

105 receiving space

Side 106

107. 207 sensor element

108. 208 spring element

210. 211 contact element

212. 213 conducting wire

214. 215 orienting device

218. 219 latch element

220 bearing surface

221 thermal pad

350 power supply system

351 power supply

352 current rail

353. 453 receive unit

455. 456,457 receiving element

458. 459 mating parts

Method steps S1, S2, S3

Claims

1. A sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) for detecting a physical quantity within a high voltage battery, wherein the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) has:

a housing (101, 201) with a plurality of fastening elements (102, 103, 202, 203, 204) for fastening the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), wherein the housing (101, 201) encloses a receiving space (105) and is open to at least one side (106),

a sensor element (107, 207) movably arranged in the receiving space (105), and

a spring element (108, 208), which spring element (108, 208) is arranged in the receiving space (105) between the sensor element (107, 207) and a housing wall of the housing (101, 201) in such a way that the sensor element (107, 207) is prestressed in the direction of the open side (106) of the housing (101, 201).

2. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 1, wherein the sensor element (102, 207) has a plurality of electrical contacts and for each of the electrical contacts a contact element (210, 211) is provided, which is coupled with the respective electrical contact by an electrical lead (212, 213), and

wherein the housing (101, 201) has an externally accessible receiving surface for each contact element (210, 211), and the contact elements (210, 211) are arranged on the respective receiving surface.

3. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensor element (107, 207) has an electrically insulating outer cover and the housing (101, 201) has an electrically insulating material.

4. Sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the housing (101, 201) has a bearing surface (220) projecting into the receiving space (105) and the sensor element (107, 207) has a corresponding latching element (218, 219), the latching element (218, 219) being designed to slide on the bearing surface (220) when the sensor element (107, 207) is inserted into the housing (101, 201), and the latching element (218, 219) rests on the bearing surface (220) or, after the sensor element (107, 207) has been inserted into the housing (101, 201) to a maximum tensioning state of the spring element (108, 208), the latching element (218, 219) rests on the bearing surface (220) or

Wherein the sensor element (107, 207) has a bearing surface (220), the bearing surface (220) extending outwardly from the sensor element (107, 207), and wherein the housing (101, 201) has a corresponding latching element (218, 219) projecting into the receiving space (105), which latching element is designed to slide on the bearing surface (220) when the sensor element (107, 207) is inserted into the housing (101, 201), and the latching element (218, 219) rests on the bearing surface (220) after the sensor element (107, 207) has been inserted into the housing (101, 201) to a maximum tensioning state of the spring element (108, 208).

5. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to any one of the preceding claims, the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) being provided with a contact arrangement (221), the contact arrangement (221) being arranged on an end of the sensor element (107, 207) emerging from the receiving space (105) through an opening.

6. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 5, wherein the sensor element (107, 207) has a thermal sensor and the contact means (221) has a heat conducting means.

7. The sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the housing (101, 201) has a plurality of orientation means (214, 215) which are arranged on an outer surface of the housing (101, 201) and which are designed to determine an orientation of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) when building the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400).

8. A power supply system (350) for a vehicle, the power supply system (350) having:

an energy source (351) designed to store electrical energy and to provide electrical energy,

the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) of any one of the preceding claims, and

a receiving unit (353, 354), the receiving unit (353, 354) being designed to receive the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), wherein the receiving unit (353, 354) is fixed within the power supply system (350) and has a receiving element (455, 456, 457) which is designed to engage into a fixing element (102, 103, 202, 203, 204) of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400).

9. A power supply system (350) according to claim 8, wherein the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) is designed according to claim 7, and the receiving unit (353, 453) has a counterpart (458, 459) corresponding to the orientation means (214, 215) of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), which counterpart is designed to determine the orientation of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) within the receiving unit (353, 453) when engaged with the orientation means (214, 215).

10. A method for manufacturing a sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) for detecting a physical quantity within a high voltage battery, wherein the method has the steps of:

providing (S1) a housing (101, 201) with a plurality of fixing elements (102, 103, 202, 203, 204) for fixing the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400), wherein the housing (101, 201) encloses a receiving space (105) and is open to at least one side (106),

introducing (S2) a sensor element (107, 207) into the receiving space (105), wherein the sensor element (107, 207) is movably arranged within the receiving space (105), and

arranging (S3) a spring element (108, 208) in the receiving space (105) between the sensor element (107, 207) and a housing wall of the housing (101, 201) such that the spring element (108, 208) pretensions the sensor element (107, 207) in the direction of a side (106) of an opening of the housing (101, 201).

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein the sensor element (102, 207) has a plurality of electrical contacts and a contact element (210, 211) is provided for each electrical contact and is coupled with the respective electrical contact by an electrical lead (212, 213), and wherein a receiving surface for each contact element (210, 211) that is accessible from the outside is provided on the housing (101, 201) and the contact element (210, 211) is arranged on the respective receiving surface; and/or

Wherein an electrically insulating housing is arranged around the sensor element (107, 207), and wherein the housing (101, 201) is at least partially formed from an electrically insulating material.

12. Method according to one of the preceding claims 10 or 11, wherein a bearing surface (220) projecting into the receiving space (105) is designed in the housing (101, 201), and wherein a corresponding latching element (218, 219) is designed on the sensor element (107, 207), which latching element (218, 219) slides on the bearing surface (220) when the sensor element (107, 207) is inserted into the housing (101, 201), and the latching element (218, 219) rests on the bearing surface (220) after the sensor element (107, 207) is inserted into the housing (101, 201) to a maximum tensioning state of the spring element (108, 208), or the latching element (218, 219) rests on the bearing surface (220), or the spring element (108, 208) is tensioned to a maximum extent

Wherein a bearing surface (220) is formed on the sensor element (107, 207), wherein the bearing surface (220) extends outward from the sensor element (107, 207), and wherein a corresponding latching element (218, 219) projecting into the receiving space (105) is formed in the housing (101, 201), and wherein the latching element (218, 219) slides on the bearing surface (220) when the sensor element (107, 207) is inserted into the housing (101, 201), and wherein the latching element (218, 219) rests on the bearing surface (220) after the sensor element (107, 207) has been inserted into the housing (101, 201) to a maximum tension state of the spring element (108, 208).

13. The method according to any of the preceding claims 10 to 12, wherein a contact device (221) is arranged on an end of the sensor element (107, 207) exposed from the receiving space (105) through an opening.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the sensor element (107, 207) has a thermal sensor and the contact means (221) has a heat conducting means.

15. The method according to any of the preceding claims 10 to 14, wherein a plurality of orientation means (214, 215) are arranged on an outer surface of the housing (101, 201), wherein the orientation means (214, 215) determine the orientation of the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400) when building the sensor device (100, 200, 300, 400).