CN110951960A - Special clamp for heat treatment of valve spring and heat treatment method of valve spring - Google Patents
Special clamp for heat treatment of valve spring and heat treatment method of valve spring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110951960A CN110951960A CN201911049329.6A CN201911049329A CN110951960A CN 110951960 A CN110951960 A CN 110951960A CN 201911049329 A CN201911049329 A CN 201911049329A CN 110951960 A CN110951960 A CN 110951960A
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- valve spring
- mandrel
- heat treatment
- abutting piece
- piece
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/02—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for springs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
Abstract
The invention provides a special fixture for heat treatment of a valve spring and a heat treatment method of the valve spring, wherein the special fixture comprises a mandrel and a spreading mechanism arranged in an inner cavity of the mandrel, the mandrel comprises a plurality of moving parts arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mandrel, grooves are formed in the outer surface of the moving parts, the plurality of grooves are combined to form a groove which is attached to the valve spring to restrain the valve spring, and the moving parts are spread along the radial direction of the mandrel through the spreading mechanism so that the shape and the size of the groove conform to the design shape and the design size of the valve spring after the moving parts are spread in place. The special fixture adopts a complementary structure, fixes the valve spring in the groove, and restrains the valve spring through the groove, so that the forming shape and the forming size of the valve spring are consistent with those of the groove, the valve spring can be prevented from deforming in the heat treatment process, and the forming shape and the forming size of the valve spring can be consistent with the design shape and the design size of the valve spring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat treatment of valve springs, in particular to a special clamp for heat treatment of a valve spring. In addition, the invention also relates to a valve spring heat treatment method adopting the special fixture for the valve spring heat treatment.
Background
The valve spring has the main functions of ensuring that the valve is seated and tightly attached in time in the aircraft engine and preventing the valve from jumping to damage the sealing property of the aircraft engine when the aircraft engine vibrates. The valve spring is in the environment of high temperature, alternating load and high-frequency vibration, and has great influence on the power performance and the service life of the aircraft engine.
Because the valve spring has larger size and high precision requirement, the deformation of the valve spring frequently occurs in the heat treatment process, which is expressed by the defects of uneven pitch, unstable length, two ends with parallel rings and raised heads (the parallel ring gap is enlarged), and the like, the elasticity of the valve spring is influenced, and even the valve spring is scrapped.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a special clamp for heat treatment of a valve spring and a heat treatment method of the valve spring, and aims to solve the problem that the valve spring is easy to deform in the heat treatment process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a special fixture for heat treatment of a valve spring, which comprises a mandrel and a spreading mechanism arranged in an inner cavity of the mandrel, wherein the mandrel comprises a plurality of moving parts arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mandrel, the outer surface of each moving part is provided with a groove, the plurality of grooves are combined to form a groove which is used for being attached to the valve spring to restrain the valve spring, and the moving parts are spread along the radial direction of the mandrel through the spreading mechanism, so that the shape and the size of the groove are consistent with the design shape and the design size of the valve spring after the moving parts are spread in place.
Furthermore, the two ends of the groove comprise a combined ring groove section which is used for being attached to a combined ring of the valve spring, so that after the moving part is unfolded in place, the shape and the size of the combined ring groove section are consistent with the design shape and the design size of the combined ring of the valve spring.
Furthermore, the opening mechanism comprises a first abutting piece and a second abutting piece, the first abutting piece is used for extending into the inner cavity of the mandrel from the first opening at one end of the mandrel and abutting against the moving piece, the second abutting piece is used for extending into the inner cavity of the mandrel from the second opening at the other end of the mandrel and abutting against the moving piece, and the first abutting piece and the second abutting piece simultaneously abut against the moving piece to open the moving piece along the radial direction of the mandrel.
Furthermore, the first opening is matched with the first abutting piece in a conical surface mode, and the second opening is matched with the second abutting piece in a conical surface mode.
Furthermore, the first abutting piece is provided with a center rod for driving the first abutting piece to move, and the center rod penetrates through the inner cavity of the center rod and the inner cavity of the second abutting piece, so that the first abutting piece and the second abutting piece are coaxially arranged.
Furthermore, a first end of the central rod is provided with a pin for connecting the first abutting piece with the central rod; the second end of the central rod is provided with a handle, and the radial size of the handle is larger than that of the inner cavity of the second abutting piece so as to prevent the second abutting piece from being separated from the central rod; the handle is provided with a hanging ring convenient for hanging the special fixture.
The invention provides a heat treatment method of a valve spring, which comprises the following steps: a. horizontally placing the valve spring in a free state in a salt bath furnace for quenching; b. clamping the valve spring by adopting the special fixture for heat treatment of the valve spring, and tempering the special fixture and the valve spring in a saltpeter bath furnace; c. and (4) dismantling the special fixture, horizontally placing the valve spring in a free state in a saltpeter bath furnace for tempering.
Further, the clamping of the valve spring by the special fixture in the step b specifically comprises the following steps: closing the moving part, sleeving the valve spring on the mandrel, installing the opening mechanism in the inner cavity of the mandrel, opening the moving part along the radial direction of the mandrel through the opening mechanism, finely adjusting and rotating the valve spring to enable the valve spring to enter the groove, and further opening the moving part through the opening mechanism until the moving part is in place; the special dismounting fixture in the step c comprises the following steps: and taking the opening mechanism out of the inner cavity of the mandrel to close the movable piece, and taking the valve spring out of the mandrel.
Further, the quenching temperature in the step a is 840-860 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-15 min; the quenching in the step a is oil quenching, the oil temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the cooling time is more than 10 min; the tempering temperature in the step b is 450-470 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-7 min; the tempering temperature in the step c is 450-470 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 15-20 min.
Further, the method also comprises the step of heating the salt bath furnace to 900 ℃ and deoxidizing by using a deoxidizing agent before the step a; step a, placing the valve spring in an oil removing groove containing a cleaning agent for soaking and removing oil, and placing the valve spring in a hot water groove with the temperature of more than 80 ℃ for boiling and washing for 30min to remove surface residual salt; b, boiling and washing the valve spring in a hot water tank at 50-80 ℃ for 5min to remove surface residual salt; and c, boiling and washing the valve spring in a hot water tank at the temperature of 50-80 ℃ for 5min to remove surface residual salt, cleaning impurities and excess on the surface by using quartz sand blower under the pressure of 0.25MPa and the quartz sand larger than 70 meshes, and performing rust prevention by using rust preventive oil.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the special fixture for heat treatment of the valve spring comprises a mandrel and a spreading mechanism. The mandrel comprises a plurality of moving parts, the moving parts are arranged along the circumferential direction of the mandrel at intervals, grooves are formed in the outer surfaces of the moving parts, and the grooves are combined to form the type grooves. When the valve spring is clamped, the movable part is closed, the valve spring is sleeved on the mandrel, the opening mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the mandrel and is used for opening the movable part along the radial direction of the mandrel through the opening mechanism, the valve spring is finely adjusted and rotated to enable the valve spring to enter the groove, the movable part is further opened through the opening mechanism until the movable part is opened in place, and namely, the movable part is opened to the groove to be tightly attached to the valve spring. The special fixture adopts a complementary structure, fixes the valve spring in the groove, and restrains the valve spring through the groove, so that the forming shape and the forming size of the valve spring are consistent with those of the groove, and the valve spring can be prevented from deforming in the heat treatment process. Because the shape and the size of the groove after the moving part is unfolded in place conform to the design shape and the design size of the valve spring, the forming shape and the forming size of the valve spring can conform to the design shape and the design size of the valve spring, and the specific expression is that the sizes such as the diameter of the spring wire, the length, the diameter, the thread pitch, the verticality and the like conform to the design size.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a special fixture for heat treatment of a valve spring according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a mandrel in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of a mandrel in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a mandrel in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a first abutting member according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of a second abutting member according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a mandrel; 2. a profiled groove; 3. a movable member; 4. a loop groove section; 5. a first opening; 6. a first abutting member; 7. a second opening; 8. a second abutting member; 9. a center pole; 10. a pin; 11. a handle; 12. a lifting ring.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a special fixture for heat treatment of a valve spring according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a front view of a mandrel in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a side view of a mandrel in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a mandrel in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic view of a first abutting member according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a schematic view of a second abutting member according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the special fixture for heat treatment of the valve spring comprises a mandrel 1 and an expanding mechanism installed in an inner cavity of the mandrel 1, wherein the mandrel 1 comprises a plurality of moving parts 3 arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the mandrel 1, grooves are formed in the outer surfaces of the moving parts 3, the grooves are combined to form a groove 2 which is attached to the valve spring to restrain the valve spring, and the expanding mechanism expands the moving parts 3 along the radial direction of the mandrel 1, so that after the moving parts 3 are expanded in place, the shape and size of the groove 2 conform to the design shape and design size of the valve spring.
The special fixture for heat treatment of the valve spring comprises a mandrel 1 and a spreading mechanism. The mandrel 1 comprises a plurality of moving parts 3, the moving parts 3 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the mandrel 1 at intervals, grooves are formed in the outer surface of the moving parts 3, and the grooves are combined to form the groove 2. When the valve spring is clamped, the movable part 3 is closed, the valve spring is sleeved on the mandrel 1, the opening mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the mandrel 1, the movable part 3 is opened along the radial direction of the mandrel 1 through the opening mechanism, the valve spring is finely adjusted and rotated to enable the valve spring to enter the groove 2, then the movable part 3 is further opened through the opening mechanism until the movable part 3 is opened in place, namely, the movable part 3 is opened to the groove 2 to be tightly attached to the valve spring. The special fixture adopts a complementary structure, fixes the valve spring in the groove 2, and restrains the valve spring through the groove 2, so that the forming shape and the forming size of the valve spring are consistent with those of the groove 2, and the valve spring can be prevented from deforming in the heat treatment process. Because the shape and the size of the groove 2 conform to the design shape and the design size of the valve spring after the moving part 3 is expanded in place, the forming shape and the forming size of the valve spring can conform to the design shape and the design size of the valve spring, and the specific expression is that the sizes such as the diameter of the spring wire, the length, the diameter, the thread pitch, the verticality and the like conform to the design size. Alternatively, the special fixture may be customized according to the shape and size of the valve spring, and is suitable for valve springs with different shapes and sizes. Optionally, the moving part 3 is provided with markings for distinguishing different moving parts 3. Optionally, the mandrel 1 is composed of three movable members 3, and the three movable members 3 are arranged at regular intervals along the circumferential direction of the mandrel 1. Alternatively, mandrel 1 is fabricated from a 45# steel material.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, two ends of the profiled groove 2 include a circular groove section 4 for being attached to a circular ring of the valve spring, so that after the movable element 3 is expanded to a proper position, the shape and size of the circular groove section 4 conform to the design shape and size of the circular ring of the valve spring. The parallel ring of the valve spring is restrained by the parallel ring groove section 4, so that the forming shape and the forming size of the parallel ring are consistent with those of the parallel ring groove section 4, and the phenomenon of head warping of the parallel ring can be eliminated. Because the shape and the size of the parallel ring groove section 4 are consistent with the design shape and the design size of the parallel ring of the valve spring after the movable piece 3 is propped in place, the forming shape and the forming size of the parallel ring can be consistent with the design shape and the design size of the parallel ring.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the expanding mechanism includes a first abutting member 6 for extending from a first opening 5 at one end of the mandrel 1 into the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 and abutting against the movable member 3, and a second abutting member 8 for extending from a second opening 7 at the other end of the mandrel 1 into the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 and abutting against the movable member 3, and the first abutting member 6 and the second abutting member 8 simultaneously abut against the movable member 3 to expand the movable member 3 along the radial direction of the mandrel 1. The first abutting piece 6 and the second abutting piece 8 simultaneously abut against the moving piece 3, and the moving piece 3 can be expanded along the radial direction of the mandrel 1, so that the groove 2 is tightly attached to the valve spring. Alternatively, the first abutting piece 6 is made of 45# steel material. Alternatively, the second abutting member 8 is made of 45# steel material.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the first opening 5 and the first abutting part 6 are in a conical surface fit, and the second opening 7 and the second abutting part 8 are in a conical surface fit. The first opening 5 and the first abutting piece 6 are matched by a conical surface, so that the first abutting piece 6 can extend into the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 and abut against the moving piece 3 conveniently. The second opening 7 and the second abutting piece 8 are matched by a conical surface, so that the second abutting piece 8 can conveniently extend into the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 and abut against the moving piece 3.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the first abutting member 6 is provided with a central rod 9 for driving the first abutting member 6 to move, and the central rod 9 penetrates through an inner cavity of the central rod 1 and an inner cavity of the second abutting member 8, so that the first abutting member 6 and the second abutting member 8 are coaxially arranged. When the valve spring is clamped, the moving part 3 is closed, the valve spring is sleeved on the mandrel 1, then the second abutting part 8 is fixed, the center rod 9 is moved to enable the first abutting part 6 to extend into the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 and push the mandrel 1 to move towards the second abutting part 8 until the second abutting part 8 extends into the inner cavity of the mandrel 1, the first abutting part 6 and the second abutting part 8 simultaneously abut against the moving part 3, and the moving part 3 can be unfolded along the radial direction of the mandrel 1. When the special fixture is disassembled, the second abutting piece 8 is fixed, the first abutting piece 6 is pushed out from the inner cavity of the mandrel 1 by moving the central rod 9, then the second abutting piece 8 is pulled out from the inner cavity of the mandrel 1, the moving piece 3 is closed, and the valve spring can be taken out. The central rod 9 enables the first abutting piece 6 and the second abutting piece 8 to be coaxially arranged, and the first abutting piece 6 can be driven to move towards the second abutting piece 8 when the central rod 9 is moved. Optionally, the central rod 9 is provided with a positioning pin which is matched with the positioning hole on the moving member 3 to position the moving member 3. Alternatively, the center rod 9 is made of 45# steel material.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a first end of the center rod 9 is provided with a pin 10 for connecting the first abutting member 6 with the center rod 9. The pin 10 passes through the through holes of the first abutting part 6 and the central rod 9, and can connect the first abutting part 6 with the central rod 9, so that the central rod 9 can drive the first abutting part 6 to move. Alternatively, the pin 10 is made of 45# steel material. Optionally, the second end of the central rod 9 is provided with a handle 11, and the radial dimension of the handle 11 is larger than the radial dimension of the inner cavity of the second abutting member 8, so as to prevent the second abutting member 8 from being disengaged from the central rod 9. The handle 11 can limit the second abutting part 8, so that the second abutting part 8 is prevented from being separated from the central rod 9, and the second abutting part 8 is prevented from being lost carelessly. Optionally, the handle 11 is provided with a hanging ring 12 for hanging the special fixture. The hanging ring 12 can hang the special fixture on the quenching hook when the salt bath furnace is tempered, so that the special fixture can conveniently enter and exit the salt bath furnace. Alternatively, the lifting ring 12 is made of 45# steel material.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a heat treatment method for a valve spring, comprising the steps of: a. horizontally placing the valve spring in a free state in a salt bath furnace for quenching; b. clamping the valve spring by adopting the special fixture for heat treatment of the valve spring, and tempering the special fixture and the valve spring in a saltpeter bath furnace; c. and (4) dismantling the special fixture, horizontally placing the valve spring in a free state in a saltpeter bath furnace for tempering. The special fixture is adopted to clamp the valve spring, so that the valve spring can be prevented from deforming in the heat treatment process. The molten salt bath liquid medium is adopted for heating and heat preservation, and the valve spring has certain buoyancy in the liquid medium, so that the deformation caused by external stress such as gravity and the like can be reduced; meanwhile, the salt bath and the nitrate bath can effectively prevent the surface of the valve spring from being oxidized and decarburized, and are beneficial to improving the appearance quality, the service life and the elasticity of the valve spring. After the special fixture is dismantled, the valve spring is immediately placed in the saltpeter bath furnace in a free state for tempering again, so that the internal stress of the valve spring can be eliminated, the sizes of the valve spring are stabilized, the elastic force attenuation amplitude of the valve spring can be effectively reduced, and the hardness of the valve spring is not influenced. The heat treatment method for the valve spring is already used for various aeroengine valve springs and has high universality.
In this embodiment, the clamping of the valve spring by the special fixture in the step b specifically includes the following steps: the moving part 3 is closed, the valve spring is sleeved on the mandrel 1, the opening mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the mandrel 1, the moving part 3 is opened along the radial direction of the mandrel 1 through the opening mechanism, the valve spring is rotated in a fine adjustment mode, the valve spring enters the groove 2, and then the moving part 3 is further opened through the opening mechanism until the moving part 3 is opened in place. Optionally, the special removing fixture in step c comprises the following steps: the opening mechanism is removed from the interior of the mandrel 1 to close the moveable member 3 and remove the valve spring from the mandrel 1.
In the embodiment, the quenching temperature in the step a is 840-860 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-15 min. The medium-temperature salt bath furnace is adopted for heating, the heat preservation time is short, and the valve spring can be effectively prevented from being oxidized, decarbonized and deformed. Optionally, the quenching in the step a is oil quenching, the oil temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the cooling time is more than 10 min. Optionally, the tempering temperature in the step b is 450-470 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-7 min. Optionally, the tempering temperature in the step c is 450-470 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 15-20 min.
In this embodiment, step a further includes a step of heating the salt bath furnace to 900 ℃ and deoxidizing with a deoxidizer. The deoxidation by the deoxidizer can prevent the surface oxidation and decarburization of the valve spring in the heat treatment process. Optionally, the step a is followed by the steps of placing the valve spring in an oil removing groove containing a cleaning agent for soaking and removing oil, and placing the valve spring in a hot water groove with the temperature of more than 80 ℃ for boiling and washing for 30min to remove surface residual salt. Optionally, the step b is followed by a step of boiling and washing the valve spring in a hot water tank at 50-80 ℃ for 5min to remove the surface residual salt. Optionally, the step c is followed by the steps of placing the valve spring in a hot water tank at 50-80 ℃ for boiling and washing for 5min to remove surface residual salt, and cleaning impurities and excess on the surface by using a quartz sand blower with the pressure of 0.25MPa and the quartz sand of more than 70 meshes and using rust preventive oil to prevent rust.
In specific implementation, taking a certain type of valve spring (a 50CrVA steel spring with hardness requirement HRC of 41.5-45.5 and spring wire diameter phi of 4.8) as an example, the heat treatment process is as follows:
1. before heat treatment, a salt bath furnace (sodium chloride: potassium chloride: 50) is heated to 900 ℃, and medium-temperature deoxidizers are used for deoxidation, so that the surface oxidation and decarburization of the valve spring in the heat treatment process are prevented.
2. Quenching: horizontally placing the valve spring in a free state in a salt bath furnace for quenching, wherein the quenching temperature is 850 +/-10 ℃, immediately placing the valve spring in rapid quenching oil for cooling and keeping the temperature for more than 10min after keeping the temperature for 10-15 min, and controlling the oil temperature to be 40-60 ℃. And after oil quenching, the valve spring is placed in an oil removing groove containing a cleaning agent for soaking and removing oil. And then the valve spring is put in a hot water tank with the temperature higher than 80 ℃ for boiling and washing for 30min to remove the residual salt on the surface of the valve spring.
3. Shaping and tempering: the special fixture is adopted to clamp the valve spring, and the special fixture and the valve spring are placed in a nitrate bath furnace (55: 45 sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate) to be tempered, wherein the tempering temperature is 460 +/-10 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 5-7 min. And then the valve spring is put in a hot water tank at 50-80 ℃ for boiling and washing for 5min to remove the residual salt on the surface of the valve spring.
4. And (3) stable size tempering: horizontally placing the valve spring in a free state in a nitrate bath furnace (55: 45 of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate) for tempering, wherein the tempering temperature is 460 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 15-20 min. And then the valve spring is put in a hot water tank at 50-80 ℃ for boiling and washing for 5min to remove the residual salt on the surface of the valve spring.
5. Sand blasting and rust prevention: and (3) cleaning impurities and excess on the surface of the valve spring by using a quartz sand blower under the pressure of 0.25MPa and quartz sand larger than 70 meshes, and performing rust prevention by using rust-proof oil to prevent the valve spring from being corroded.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A special fixture for heat treatment of a valve spring is characterized in that,
including mandrel (1) and installing strutting mechanism in the inner chamber of mandrel (1), mandrel (1) includes a plurality of edges moving part (3) that the circumference interval of mandrel (1) set up, set up flutedly on the surface of moving part (3), it is a plurality of the recess combination constitutes and is used for carrying out type groove (2) of restraint with valve spring laminating, through strutting the mechanism edge radially strutting of mandrel (1) moving part (3), so that moving part (3) strut the back of targetting in place, the shape and the size in type groove (2) conform to with valve spring's design shape and design size.
2. The special fixture for heat treatment of valve springs according to claim 1,
and the two ends of the type groove (2) comprise a combined ring groove section (4) which is used for being attached to a combined ring of the valve spring, so that after the moving part (3) is unfolded in place, the shape and the size of the combined ring groove section (4) are consistent with the design shape and the design size of the combined ring of the valve spring.
3. The special fixture for heat treatment of valve springs according to claim 1,
the opening mechanism comprises a first abutting piece (6) and a second abutting piece (8), the first abutting piece (6) is used for extending into the inner cavity of the mandrel (1) from a first opening (5) at one end of the mandrel (1) and abutting against the moving piece (3), the second opening (7) at the other end of the mandrel (1) is used for extending into the inner cavity of the mandrel (1) and abutting against the moving piece (3), and the first abutting piece (6) and the second abutting piece (8) simultaneously abut against the moving piece (3) to open the moving piece (3) along the radial direction of the mandrel (1).
4. The special fixture for heat treatment of valve springs according to claim 3,
the first opening (5) and the first abutting piece (6) are in conical surface fit, and the second opening (7) and the second abutting piece (8) are in conical surface fit.
5. The special fixture for heat treatment of valve springs according to claim 3,
the first abutting piece (6) is provided with a center rod (9) used for driving the first abutting piece (6) to move, and the center rod (9) penetrates through the inner cavity of the center rod (1) and the inner cavity of the second abutting piece (8) so that the first abutting piece (6) and the second abutting piece (8) are coaxially arranged.
6. The special fixture for heat treatment of valve springs according to claim 5,
a pin (10) for connecting the first abutting piece (6) with the central rod (9) is arranged at the first end of the central rod (9);
a handle (11) is arranged at the second end of the central rod (9), and the radial size of the handle (11) is larger than that of the inner cavity of the second abutting piece (8) so as to prevent the second abutting piece (8) from being separated from the central rod (9);
the handle (11) is provided with a hanging ring (12) convenient for hanging the special clamp.
7. A heat treatment method for a valve spring is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. horizontally placing the valve spring in a free state in a salt bath furnace for quenching;
b. clamping the valve spring by using the special clamp for heat treatment of the valve spring according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and tempering the special clamp and the valve spring in a nitrate bath furnace;
c. and (4) dismantling the special fixture, horizontally placing the valve spring in a free state in a saltpeter bath furnace for tempering.
8. The heat treatment method for a valve spring according to claim 7,
the clamping of the valve spring by the special clamp in the step b specifically comprises the following steps: closing the moving part (3), sleeving the valve spring on the mandrel (1), installing an opening mechanism in the inner cavity of the mandrel (1), opening the moving part (3) along the radial direction of the mandrel (1) through the opening mechanism, finely adjusting the rotating valve spring to enable the valve spring to enter the groove (2), and further opening the moving part (3) through the opening mechanism until the moving part (3) is opened in place;
the special dismantling clamp in the step c comprises the following steps: and taking the opening mechanism out of the inner cavity of the mandrel (1), closing the movable piece (3) and taking the valve spring out of the mandrel (1).
9. The heat treatment method for a valve spring according to claim 7,
the quenching temperature in the step a is 840-860 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10-15 min;
the quenching in the step a is oil quenching, the oil temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the cooling time is more than 10 min;
the tempering temperature in the step b is 450-470 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-7 min;
the tempering temperature in the step c is 450-470 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 15-20 min.
10. The heat treatment method for a valve spring according to claim 7,
the step a also comprises the step of heating the salt bath furnace to 900 ℃ and deoxidizing by using a deoxidizing agent;
the step a also comprises the steps of placing the valve spring in an oil removing groove containing a cleaning agent for soaking and removing oil, and placing the valve spring in a hot water groove with the temperature of more than 80 ℃ for boiling and washing for 30min so as to remove surface residual salt;
b, after the step b, the step of boiling and washing the valve spring in a hot water tank at the temperature of 50-80 ℃ for 5min to remove the surface residual salt is also included;
and c, boiling and washing the valve spring in a hot water tank at 50-80 ℃ for 5min to remove surface residual salt, cleaning impurities and excess on the surface by using quartz sand blower under the pressure of 0.25MPa and the quartz sand larger than 70 meshes, and performing rust prevention by using rust preventive oil.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116497191A (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-07-28 | 太仓市惠得利弹簧有限公司 | Spring processing quenching device |
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| CN105755249A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2016-07-13 | 重庆霸腾机械有限公司 | Heat treatment process for valve spring |
| CN110153454A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-08-23 | 珠海罗西尼表业有限公司 | Fixture |
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| CN102672498A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2012-09-19 | 无锡新宏泰电器科技股份有限公司 | Self-centering fixture for thin-walled parts |
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| CN116497191B (en) * | 2023-06-19 | 2023-11-14 | 太仓市惠得利弹簧有限公司 | Spring processing quenching device |
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| CN110951960B (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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