CN110951186A - Sheet material, preparation method and use method - Google Patents
Sheet material, preparation method and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110951186A CN110951186A CN201911250002.5A CN201911250002A CN110951186A CN 110951186 A CN110951186 A CN 110951186A CN 201911250002 A CN201911250002 A CN 201911250002A CN 110951186 A CN110951186 A CN 110951186A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0095—Mixtures of at least two compounding ingredients belonging to different one-dot groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
- C08J9/103—Azodicarbonamide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/04—N2 releasing, ex azodicarbonamide or nitroso compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2497/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2497/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
Abstract
The invention provides a plate, a preparation method and a use method. The preparation method of the plate comprises the following steps: step S10: according to the weight percentage of polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additive ═ (40-75): (10-20): (10-30): (5-10) weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio; step S20: mixing and stirring the raw materials obtained in the step S10 at a temperature of 80-120 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; step S30: and (5) performing extrusion molding on the mixed material obtained in the step S20 at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ to obtain the composite board. The board disclosed by the invention is less in formaldehyde release, high in environmental protection degree, high in mechanical strength, easy to clean and good in fireproof performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a plate, a preparation method and a use method.
Background
With the development of science and technology and the increasing living standard of people, the requirements of consumers on the environmental protection performance of building, home decoration, home furnishing and furniture materials are increased more and more.
The composite board prepared from the polymer material and the wood can be used for decoration of areas such as floors, walls, ceilings, door bodies and the like, and can also be used for production and manufacture of furniture such as cabinets, wardrobes, television cabinets and the like.
One of the disadvantages of the plates in the related art is that the plates have high formaldehyde emission and are easy to damage human health.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the above problems.
Therefore, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the plate.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a panel.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a using method of the plate.
To achieve the first object of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a panel, which includes the steps of: step S10: according to the weight percentage of polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additive ═ (40-75): (10-20): (10-30): (5-10) weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio; step S20: mixing and stirring the raw materials obtained in the step S10 at a temperature of 80-120 ℃ to obtain a mixed material; step S30: and (5) performing extrusion molding on the mixed material obtained in the step (S20) at a temperature of 200-300 ℃ to obtain the composite board.
The plate provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used in the fields of building, decoration and the like. Can be used as decoration and decorating materials for areas such as floors, walls, ceilings, door bodies and the like, and can also be used for manufacturing furniture such as cabinets, wardrobes, television cabinets and the like. In the embodiment, the raw materials are heated and mixed, and the heated and mixed raw materials are extruded and molded by a twin-screw extrusion device under a high temperature condition. In the process, polyvinyl chloride is polymerized into polyvinyl chloride copolymer at high temperature according to a free radical polymerization reaction mechanism, so that the polyvinyl chloride copolymer, calcium carbonate and wood form the composite board with high mechanical strength and good environmental protection grade. Compared with the technical scheme that organic volatile matters such as glue are adopted to bond and press wood particles or wood chips in the related technology, the embodiment does not need to bond the wood by organic volatile matters such as glue, and the bonding between the high-molecular polymer and the calcium carbonate as well as the wood is realized by directly utilizing the free radical polymerization reaction of the polyvinyl chloride at high temperature. Therefore, the board provided by the embodiment of the invention has excellent environmental protection performance and no formaldehyde release, can meet the requirement of a consumer on the environmental protection grade of decorative materials, and ensures the health and safety of the consumer.
In addition, the technical solution provided by the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in the above technical solution, in step S10, the polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additive ═ (40-55): (15-20): (25-30): (5-10) weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio.
In the embodiment, the mechanical strength and the fireproof and flame-retardant performance of the board can be effectively improved by properly reducing the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride in the raw materials and properly increasing the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate and the wood in the raw materials. The nail-holding power of the board can be improved on the basis of ensuring that the board has excellent mechanical property and mechanical strength by further reducing the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride in the raw materials and increasing the mass ratio of the wood in the raw materials. Stone plate texture is hard among the correlation technique, the fragility is high, difficult drilling, the easy scheduling problem that appears bumping and splitting, can not satisfy the cupboard and go up deep processing demands such as hinge, installation five metals basket, and the problem that the utilization rate is poor is drawn materials in the existence processing is same, and this embodiment is through increasing the shared mass ratio of timber in the raw materials, can guarantee from this that panel is when cutting, polishing, processing operations such as punching or fluting, it is difficult fracture, damage to have good machining precision.
In any of the above solutions, in step S10, the auxiliary additive includes at least one of the following or a combination thereof: foaming agent, stabilizer, coupling agent, lubricant, toner and reinforcing fiber.
The foaming agent has the function that when the heated and mixed raw materials are extruded and molded through a double-screw extrusion device and the like, the board of the embodiment can form a loose and uniform cellular structure under the action of the foaming agent, the cellular structure can improve the dispersibility and uniformity of calcium carbonate and wood in the polyvinyl chloride copolymer produced at high temperature, and the cellular structure enables the board of the embodiment to have the advantages of light weight, difficulty in expansion and deformation and the like. In addition, the foaming agent is decomposed to play a role in absorbing the waste heat energy, so that the foaming process is uniform, the pores are uniform, and the foaming degree and the stability can be well unified, so that the plate can be endowed with better stability and waterproof performance. The stabilizer is used for improving the stability of the plate of the embodiment, preventing the plate from aging after long-term use and prolonging the service life of the plate. In addition, most of the existing kitchen cabinets are made of wood fiber materials, the waterproof function of the existing kitchen cabinets is poor, the existing kitchen cabinets can be inevitably stained with water in the using process, wood fibers of the existing kitchen cabinets expand and deform, even the existing kitchen cabinets become mildewed and rotten, and the service life of the existing kitchen cabinets is seriously influenced. In the embodiment, the addition of the stabilizer can enable the waterproof performance of the board to be better and prevent the board from mildewing and rotting. The coupling agent has the functions of: further promoting the dispersibility and uniformity of calcium carbonate and wood in the polyvinyl chloride copolymer produced at high temperature, so that calcium carbonate and wood as inorganic substances can be effectively dispersed in polyvinyl chloride as organic substances to ensure the uniformity of the material in appearance and quality. The lubricant has the effects that when the heated and mixed raw materials are extruded and molded by double-screw extrusion equipment and the like, the materials can be conveniently and smoothly extruded, and the smooth surface of the materials is ensured. The color of the plate of the embodiment can be flexibly adjusted through the toner so as to meet the requirements of different consumers on the appearance of the material. Namely: in order to achieve a more beautiful effect, toners such as titanium dioxide, fluorescent whitening agents and the like can be added. In the related art, the stone plate has the disadvantages of complex structure, large volume, large occupied space, unattractive appearance and high manufacturing cost, so that the stone plate is difficult to popularize, and the cabinet body of the traditional stone cabinet is not beautiful, not bright and unsightly. The color texture of the plate can be flexibly adjusted by adopting the toner so as to meet the requirements of different consumers on the appearance of the material and reduce the production cost. The reinforcing fibers are effective in further improving the mechanical strength, especially impact resistance and bending resistance, of the sheet material of this embodiment. Finally, the combination of the auxiliary additives can endow the plate with better strength, reduce the adhesive force of hot-type melting, improve the yield, improve the luster of a finished product, improve the appearance, greatly increase the plasticizing time, greatly reduce the torque, reduce the production cost and improve the later-stage demolding performance.
In any of the above embodiments, in step S20, the raw materials obtained in step S10 are mixed and stirred at a temperature of 90 to 110 ℃.
The raw materials are mixed and stirred in the temperature range, so that the raw materials can be fully and uniformly mixed.
In any of the above solutions, in step S30, the mixture obtained in step S20 is extruded at a temperature of 200 to 250 ℃.
The raw materials are extruded and molded within the temperature range, so that the polyvinyl chloride can be ensured to have polymerization reaction at a proper temperature to form the polyvinyl chloride copolymer, and the polyvinyl chloride copolymer is ensured to have proper viscosity to be continuously extruded and is convenient to mold.
In any of the above technical solutions, after step S30 is executed, the method further includes: step S40: and cooling and shaping the composite board obtained by the step S30 under the temperature condition of 10-25 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.5-1 Pa.
The composite board is cooled and shaped, and the flatness and the dimensional accuracy after the composite board is shaped can be ensured.
In any of the above technical solutions, after step S40 is executed, the method further includes: step S50: and (4) bonding at least a part of the surface of the composite board obtained in the step S40 with the decorative film by using the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer.
The polyurethane hot melt adhesive formed by the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer has excellent adhesiveness and toughness, excellent bonding strength, temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and aging resistance, and has the characteristic of single irreversible heating melting and curing, so that the film coating step S50 of the plate material does not contain formaldehyde.
In any of the above technical solutions, step S50 specifically includes: step S501: bonding at least one part of the surface of the composite board obtained in the step S40 and a decorative film to each other at the temperature of 120-180 ℃, wherein the decorative film is a polyethylene decorative film; step S502: the composite board obtained in step S501 is cured at a temperature of 10 to 30 degrees celsius for 12 to 36 hours.
The composite board and the polyethylene decorative film can be firmly adhered to each other at the temperature of 120-180 ℃, the composite board is maintained for 12-36 hours at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, air bubbles between the composite board and the polyethylene decorative film can be uniformly dried until the air bubbles disappear completely, and therefore the surface of a final product is guaranteed to be smooth and flat. When the environmental temperature is too low, the composite board obtained in step S501 needs to be sent to a thermal insulation room, and the maintenance is completed at a temperature of at least 10 degrees celsius and above 10 degrees celsius, so that the bubbles can be effectively removed or dispersed.
In any of the above embodiments, in step S20, the raw materials obtained in step S10 are mixed and stirred by a mixer for 20 to 40 minutes.
In any of the above technical solutions, in step S30, a screw extrusion device is used to perform extrusion molding on the mixture obtained in step S20; wherein the rotation speed of the screw extrusion device is 10 to 20 revolutions per minute; and/or the screw extrusion device has an extrusion flow rate of 40 to 60 kg/min; and/or the screw extrusion device has an extrusion pressure of 4 to 6 mpa.
To achieve the second object of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention provide a sheet material obtained by the method for producing a sheet material according to any of the embodiments of the present invention.
To achieve the third object of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for using a plate material, including: using the sheet of any of the embodiments of the invention, at least one of the following is prepared: floor, wall body, ceiling, door body, cabinet body.
The use method of the plate provided by the embodiment of the invention adopts the plate of any embodiment of the invention, so that all the beneficial effects of the plate of any embodiment of the invention are achieved, and the description is omitted.
The sheet material provided by the embodiment of the invention is obtained by the method for preparing the sheet material according to any embodiment of the invention, so that the method has all the beneficial effects of the method for preparing the sheet material according to any embodiment of the invention, and the description is omitted.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of steps in a method of making a panel according to some embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of steps in a method of making a panel according to further embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
The technical solutions of some embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a plate and a preparation method thereof. The plate provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used in the fields of building, decoration and the like. Can be used as decoration and decorating materials for areas such as floors, walls, ceilings, door bodies and the like, and can also be used for manufacturing furniture such as cabinets, wardrobes, television cabinets and the like. The plate material provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an organic polymer material, a natural material and an inorganic material, and can further comprise related auxiliary additives.
Specifically, the organic polymer material in the plate material of the embodiment of the invention is polyvinyl chloride, the natural material is wood, and the inorganic material is wood. The auxiliary additives may include at least one of a blowing agent, a stabilizer, a coupling agent, a lubricant, a toner, a reinforcing fiber, or a combination thereof.
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a decoration material which has excellent environmental protection performance and no formaldehyde release, thereby meeting the requirement of consumers on the environment protection grade of the decoration material and ensuring the health and the safety of the consumers.
In order to achieve the above object, the raw material composition of the plate of this embodiment includes: 40 to 75 parts by mass of polyvinyl chloride; 10 to 20 parts by mass of calcium carbonate; 10 to 30 parts by mass of wood; and (5) auxiliary additives, wherein the auxiliary additives are 5 to 10 parts by mass.
As shown in fig. 1, the preparation method of the plate material of the embodiment includes the following steps:
step S10: according to the weight percentage of polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additive ═ (40-75): (10-20): (10-30): (5-10) weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio;
step S20: mixing and stirring the raw materials obtained in the step S10 at a temperature of 80-120 ℃ to obtain a mixed material;
step S30: and (5) performing extrusion molding on the mixed material obtained in the step (S20) at a temperature of 200-300 ℃ to obtain the composite board.
Among them, the polyvinyl chloride used in this example was directly commercially available. The calcium carbonate of the present embodiment can be directly purchased commercially, or can be obtained by purchasing calcite and pulverizing and/or purifying the calcite. The timber of the implementation can be directly purchased by commercial means, or obtained by purchasing timber and carrying out treatments such as crushing and/or bleaching.
Polyvinyl chloride, calcium carbonate and timber are used as main raw materials, a certain proportion of auxiliary additives are added, the raw materials are heated and mixed, and the heated and mixed raw materials are extruded and molded through double-screw extrusion equipment and the like under a high-temperature condition. In the process, polyvinyl chloride is polymerized into polyvinyl chloride copolymer at high temperature according to a free radical polymerization reaction mechanism, so that the polyvinyl chloride copolymer, calcium carbonate and wood form the composite board with high mechanical strength and good environmental protection grade. Compared with the technical scheme that organic volatile matters such as glue are adopted to bond and press wood particles or wood chips in the related technology, the embodiment does not need to bond the wood by organic volatile matters such as glue, and the bonding between the high-molecular polymer and the calcium carbonate as well as the wood is realized by directly utilizing the free radical polymerization reaction of the polyvinyl chloride at high temperature. Therefore, the board of the embodiment does not contain volatile toxic and harmful substances, and has good environmental protection grade and low formaldehyde content and volatilization.
In addition, the present example uses calcium carbonate as a mechanical strength enhancer and calcium carbonate as an inorganic material, which has good mechanical properties and mechanical properties. Therefore, the sheet of this embodiment has excellent mechanical properties, mechanical strength, impact resistance, and bending resistance, and is not easily deformed, broken, and damaged, compared to the related art composite sheet prepared only from wood particles or wood chips and an organic polymer. In addition, calcium carbonate can be used as a fire retardant in the plate of the embodiment, and the excellent flame retardant property of the inorganic material is utilized to fully ensure the fire prevention and fire resistance of the plate of the embodiment.
Finally, the addition of wood increases the nail-holding power and decreases the coefficient of thermal expansion of the panels of this embodiment. Therefore, the plate of the embodiment can be applied to various occasions or environments such as cold, high temperature and the like, and is suitable for the fields such as geothermal floors.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, in step S10, the polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additive (40-60): (15-20): (20-30): (5-10) weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio.
In the embodiment, the mechanical strength and the fireproof and flame-retardant performance of the board can be effectively improved by properly reducing the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride in the raw materials and properly increasing the mass ratio of the calcium carbonate and the wood in the raw materials.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, in step S10, the polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additive ═ (40-55): (15-20): (25-30): (5-10) weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio.
In the above embodiment, by further reducing the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride in the raw material and increasing the mass ratio of the wood in the raw material, the nail-holding force of the board can be improved on the basis of ensuring that the board has excellent mechanical properties and mechanical strength, so that the board of the embodiment is not easy to crack and damage when being subjected to cutting, polishing, punching or grooving, and has good processing precision.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, in step S10, the auxiliary additive includes at least one of the following: foaming agent, stabilizer, coupling agent, lubricant, toner and reinforcing fiber. It should be noted that the addition amount of the auxiliary additive in the present embodiment is 5 to 10 parts by mass, wherein the kind of the auxiliary additive and the addition amount of each kind of the auxiliary additive can be modified and adjusted by those skilled in the art within the above range according to the actual situation.
In some embodiments of this example, the supplemental additive includes a blowing agent that is an azodicarbonamide blowing agent. The foaming agent has the function that when the heated and mixed raw materials are extruded and molded through a double-screw extrusion device and the like, the board of the embodiment can form a loose and uniform cellular structure under the action of the foaming agent, the cellular structure can improve the dispersibility and uniformity of calcium carbonate and wood in the polyvinyl chloride copolymer produced at high temperature, and the cellular structure enables the board of the embodiment to have the advantages of light weight, difficulty in expansion and deformation and the like.
In some embodiments of this example, the supplemental additive includes a stabilizer that is at least one of a dibutyltin stabilizer and a dioctyltin stabilizer or a combination thereof. The stabilizer is used for improving the stability of the plate of the embodiment, preventing the plate from aging after long-term use and prolonging the service life of the plate.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, the auxiliary additive includes a coupling agent, and the coupling agent is at least one of a titanate coupling agent and a silane coupling agent, or a combination thereof. The coupling agent has the functions of: further promoting the dispersibility and uniformity of calcium carbonate and wood in the polyvinyl chloride copolymer produced at high temperature, so that calcium carbonate and wood as inorganic substances can be effectively dispersed in polyvinyl chloride as organic substances to ensure the uniformity of the material in appearance and quality.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, the supplemental additive includes a lubricant, and the lubricant is at least one of zinc stearate, calcium stearate, polyethylene wax, paraffin wax, or a combination thereof. The lubricant has the effects that when the heated and mixed raw materials are extruded and molded by double-screw extrusion equipment and the like, the materials can be conveniently and smoothly extruded, and the smooth surface of the materials is ensured.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, the auxiliary additive includes a toner, and the toner is at least one of titanium dioxide and fluorescent whitening agent or a combination thereof. The color of the plate of the embodiment can be flexibly adjusted through the toner so as to meet the requirements of different consumers on the appearance of the material.
In some embodiments of this example, the supplemental additive comprises a reinforcing fiber that is a glass fiber having a diameter of 6 to 12 microns and a length of 4 to 8 millimeters. The reinforcing fibers are effective in further improving the mechanical strength, especially impact resistance and bending resistance, of the sheet material of this embodiment.
In some embodiments of this example, the supplemental additives include: 1 to 4 parts by mass of a foaming agent; 2 to 3 parts by mass of a stabilizer; 2 to 3 parts by mass of a coupling agent.
In some embodiments of this example, the supplemental additives include: 0.5 to 1.5 parts by mass of a foaming agent; 0.5 to 1.5 parts by mass of a stabilizer; 1 to 1.5 parts by mass of a coupling agent; 1 to 1.5 parts by mass of a lubricant; 1 to 2 parts by mass of a toner; 1 to 2 parts by mass of a reinforcing fiber.
In some embodiments of this example, the polyvinyl chloride is a granular material and the calcium carbonate and wood are powdered materials. Alternatively, the calcium carbonate is calcium carbonate powder having a particle size range of 1000 mesh to 1500 mesh, and the wood is wood flour having a particle size range of 100 mesh to 200 mesh. Further optionally, the calcium carbonate is calcium carbonate powder with a particle size range of 1000 mesh to 1200 mesh, and the wood is wood flour with a particle size range of 100 mesh to 150 mesh.
The powdered calcium carbonate and wood facilitate thorough and uniform mixing with the polyvinyl chloride, thereby ensuring uniformity in the appearance and quality of the material.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, the wood comprises at least one of, or a combination of: poplar wood, pine wood, cedar wood, willow wood. It is to be noted that the types and mixing manners of the wood materials and the mixing ratio can be modified and adjusted by those skilled in the art within the above range according to the actual situation.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, in step S20, the raw material obtained in step S10 is mixed and stirred at a temperature of 90 to 110 degrees celsius.
The raw materials are mixed and stirred in the temperature range, so that the raw materials can be fully and uniformly mixed.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, in step S30, the mixture obtained in step S20 is extruded at a temperature of 200 to 250 degrees celsius.
The raw materials are extruded and molded within the temperature range, so that the polyvinyl chloride can be ensured to have polymerization reaction at a proper temperature to form the polyvinyl chloride copolymer, and the polyvinyl chloride copolymer is ensured to have proper viscosity to be continuously extruded and is convenient to mold.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments of this embodiment, after performing step S30, the method further includes: step S40: and cooling and shaping the composite board obtained by the step S30 under the temperature condition of 10-25 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.5-1 Pa. The composite board is cooled and shaped, and the flatness and the dimensional accuracy after the composite board is shaped can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments of this embodiment, after performing step S40, the method further includes: step S50: and (4) bonding at least a part of the surface of the composite board obtained in the step S40 with the decorative film by using the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer. Through the steps, the surface-mounted decorative film is added, so that the plate can meet the functional processing requirement, and can be processed into different appearances such as a rock plate stone texture effect, a high-gloss piano paint effect, a marble texture effect, a matte pure white effect, various wood texture effects and the like.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, in order to make the surface of the plate have different appearance effects such as a rock stone pattern effect, a high gloss piano lacquer effect, a marble pattern effect, a matte pure white effect, and various wood texture effects, and ensure that the surface of the plate is smooth and flat, step S50 specifically includes:
step S501: bonding at least one part of the surface of the composite board obtained in the step S40 and a decorative film to each other at the temperature of 120-180 ℃, wherein the decorative film is a polyethylene decorative film;
step S502: the composite board obtained in step S501 is cured at a temperature of 10 to 30 degrees celsius for 12 to 36 hours.
The composite board and the polyethylene decorative film can be firmly adhered to each other at the temperature of 120-180 ℃, the composite board is maintained for 12-36 hours at the temperature of 10-30 ℃, air bubbles between the composite board and the polyethylene decorative film can be uniformly dried until the air bubbles disappear completely, and therefore the surface of a final product is guaranteed to be smooth and flat. When the environmental temperature is too low, the composite board obtained in step S501 needs to be sent to a thermal insulation room, and the maintenance is completed at a temperature of at least 10 degrees celsius and above 10 degrees celsius, so that the bubbles can be effectively removed or dispersed.
Specifically, a large-scale film coating apparatus can be used, and a hot melt adhesive is used as a film facing material for coating the surface of the sheet material of the present embodiment with a decorative film. The hot melt adhesive is a moisture curing reaction type polyurethane hot melt adhesive, and the main component of the hot melt adhesive is an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer. The polyurethane hot melt adhesive formed by the isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer has excellent adhesiveness and toughness, excellent bonding strength, temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance and aging resistance, and has the characteristic of single irreversible heating melting and curing, so that the film coating step S50 of the plate material of the embodiment also does not contain formaldehyde.
Finally, after the film coating step is carried out, the plate of the embodiment can be cut and grooved by adopting a cutting device so as to be processed into shapes required by different products such as a door body, a cabinet body or a bottom plate, and the plate of the embodiment has good processability, so that the processing precision of the plate can reach 0.1 mm per meter.
In some embodiments of this example, in step S20, the raw materials obtained in step S10 are mixed and stirred by a mixer for 20 to 40 minutes.
In some embodiments of this embodiment, in step S30, the mixed material obtained in step S20 is extrusion molded using a screw extrusion device; wherein the rotation speed of the screw extrusion device is 10 to 20 revolutions per minute; and/or the screw extrusion device has an extrusion flow rate of 40 to 60 kg/min; and/or the screw extrusion device has an extrusion pressure of 4 to 6 mpa.
Example 1
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 40: 20: 30: weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of 10. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 200 ℃ to obtain the composite board. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: the foaming agent, the stabilizing agent and the coupling agent are mixed according to the mass ratio of the foaming agent to the stabilizing agent: a stabilizer: coupling agent ═ 4: 3: 3. the foaming agent of the embodiment is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dibutyltin stabilizer, and the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent.
Example 2
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 45: 20: 25: weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of 10. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 210 ℃ to obtain the composite board. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: the foaming agent, the stabilizing agent and the coupling agent are mixed according to the mass ratio of the foaming agent to the stabilizing agent: a stabilizer: coupling agent ═ 4: 3: 3. the foaming agent of the embodiment is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dioctyltin stabilizer, and the coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
Example 3
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 50: 15: 25: weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of 10. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 220 ℃ to obtain the composite board. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: blowing agents, stabilizers, coupling agents, lubricants, toners, and reinforcing fibers. The auxiliary additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: a stabilizer: coupling agent: lubricant: toner: reinforcing fiber 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 2: 2. the foaming agent of the embodiment is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dioctyltin stabilizer, the coupling agent is silane coupling agent, the lubricant is mixture of zinc stearate and calcium stearate, the toner is titanium dioxide and fluorescent whitening agent, and the reinforcing fiber is glass fiber with diameter of 6-12 micrometers and length of 4-8 millimeters.
Example 4
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 60: 10: 20: weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of 10. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 110 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 240 ℃ to obtain the composite board. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: blowing agents, stabilizers, coupling agents, lubricants, toners, and reinforcing fibers. The auxiliary additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: a stabilizer: coupling agent: lubricant: toner: reinforcing fiber 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 2: 2. the foaming agent is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dibutyltin stabilizer, the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent, the lubricant is mixture of polyethylene wax and paraffin, the toner is titanium dioxide and fluorescent whitening agent, and the reinforcing fiber is glass fiber with diameter of 6-12 microns and length of 4-8 mm.
Example 5
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 65: 10: 20: 5, weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 260 ℃ to obtain the composite board. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: blowing agents, stabilizers, coupling agents, lubricants, toners, and reinforcing fibers. The auxiliary additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: a stabilizer: coupling agent: lubricant: toner: reinforcing fiber 0.5: 0.5: 1: 1: 1: 1. the foaming agent is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dibutyltin stabilizer, the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent, the lubricant is a mixture of zinc stearate, calcium stearate and polyethylene wax, the toner is titanium dioxide and fluorescent whitening agent, and the reinforcing fiber is glass fiber with diameter of 6-12 micrometers and length of 4-8 millimeters.
Example 6
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 70: 15: 10: 5, weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 280 ℃ to obtain a composite board, and cooling and shaping the composite board at the temperature of 10 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: foaming agent, stabilizer, coupling agent and lubricant. The auxiliary additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: a stabilizer: coupling agent: 1: 1: 1.5: 1.5. the foaming agent is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dibutyltin stabilizer, the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent, and the lubricant is zinc stearate.
Example 7
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 75: 10: 10: 5, weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 300 ℃ to obtain a composite board, and cooling and shaping the composite board at the temperature of 15 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.8 Pa. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: foaming agent, stabilizer, coupling agent and lubricant. The auxiliary additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: a stabilizer: coupling agent: toner 1: 1: 1.5: 1.5. the foaming agent of the embodiment is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dibutyltin stabilizer, the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent, and the toner is titanium dioxide and fluorescent whitening agent.
Example 8
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 60: 15: 20: 5, weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 240 ℃ to obtain a composite board, and cooling and shaping the composite board at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.8 Pa. The auxiliary additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: a stabilizer: coupling agent: toner: reinforcing fiber 0.5: 0.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1. the foaming agent of the embodiment is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dibutyltin stabilizer, the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent, the toner is titanium dioxide and fluorescent whitening agent, and the reinforcing fiber is glass fiber with the diameter of 6-12 microns and the length of 4-8 mm.
Example 9
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 55: 15: 25: 5, weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 220 ℃ to obtain a composite board, and cooling and shaping the composite board at the temperature of 25 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 1 Pa. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: foaming agent, stabilizer, coupling agent and lubricant. The auxiliary additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: a stabilizer: coupling agent: 1: 1: 1.5: 1.5. the foaming agent is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dibutyltin stabilizer, the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent, and the lubricant is zinc stearate.
Example 10
This example provides a panel, wherein the raw material composition and preparation method of the panel are as follows.
As shown in tables 1 and 2, the following polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additives 55: 10: 25: weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of 10. And (3) mixing and stirring the raw materials at the temperature of 90 ℃ to obtain a mixed material. And (3) carrying out extrusion molding on the mixed material at the temperature of 220 ℃ to obtain a composite board, and cooling and shaping the composite board at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.5 Pa. Wherein the auxiliary additive comprises: blowing agents, stabilizers, coupling agents, lubricants, toners, and reinforcing fibers. The auxiliary additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: a stabilizer: coupling agent: lubricant: toner: reinforcing fiber 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5: 2: 2. the foaming agent is azodicarbonamide foaming agent, the stabilizer is dioctyltin stabilizer, the coupling agent is silane coupling agent, the lubricant is mixture of zinc stearate, calcium stearate, polyethylene wax and paraffin, the toner is titanium dioxide and fluorescent whitening agent, and the reinforcing fiber is glass fiber with diameter of 6-12 micrometers and length of 4-8 millimeters.
Table 1: raw material composition and proportion of the sheet materials in examples 1 to 10
Table 2: process parameters for the preparation of the sheets in examples 1 to 10
In summary, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the sheet material of the embodiment has excellent performance and specifically has the following advantages: the board of the embodiment has the advantages of no pollution, no formaldehyde, good environmental protection performance and no toxicity or harm to human bodies. The plate of the embodiment can prevent insects and moths, effectively prevent insect harassment and prolong the service life of the material. The sheet of this example is excellent in water and moisture resistance. Solves the problems that the wooden products are easy to rot and expand and deform after absorbing water and being affected with damp in a moist and watery environment. The conventional wooden cabinet or base material in the related art is easily cracked and expanded when it contacts water, thereby causing mildew on the cabinet, wall or floor. Compared with the related art, the expansion coefficient of the board of the embodiment after being soaked in water is 0, and the board is not easy to expand and deform. The appearance parameters such as color, texture and the like of the plate can be flexibly adjusted, so that consumers can customize products according to personal and requirements. The plate of the embodiment has good fireproof and flame-retardant properties, can be automatically extinguished when meeting fire, and does not generate any toxic gas. The panels of this embodiment have good workability, are stapled, planed, sawn, drillable, and facilitate surface painting.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S10: according to the weight percentage of polyvinyl chloride: calcium carbonate: wood material: auxiliary additive ═ (40-75): (10-20): (10-30): (5-10) weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio;
step S20: mixing and stirring the raw materials obtained in the step S10 at a temperature of 80-120 ℃ to obtain a mixed material;
step S30: and (5) performing extrusion molding on the mixed material obtained in the step S20 at the temperature of 200-300 ℃ to obtain the composite board.
2. The method for preparing a panel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S10, the auxiliary additive comprises at least one of the following or a combination thereof:
foaming agent, stabilizer, coupling agent, lubricant, toner and reinforcing fiber.
3. The method of manufacturing a panel according to claim 1,
in the step S20, the raw materials obtained in the step S10 are mixed and stirred at a temperature of 90 to 110 degrees celsius.
4. The method of manufacturing a panel according to claim 1,
in the step S30, the compounded material obtained in the step S20 is extrusion-molded at a temperature of 200 to 250 degrees celsius.
5. The method for preparing a plate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising, after performing step S30:
step S40: and cooling and shaping the composite board obtained in the step S30 under the temperature condition of 10-25 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.5-1 Pa.
6. The method for preparing a panel according to claim 5, wherein after the step S40 is executed, the method further comprises:
step S50: and (3) bonding at least one part of the surface of the composite board obtained in the step S40 with a decorative film by adopting an isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer.
7. The method for preparing a plate according to claim 6, wherein the step S50 specifically comprises:
step S501: bonding at least a part of the surface of the composite board obtained in the step S40 and the decorative film to each other at a temperature of 120 to 180 degrees celsius, wherein the decorative film is a polyethylene decorative film;
step S502: and (3) curing the composite board obtained in the step (S501) for 12 to 36 hours at a temperature of 10 to 30 ℃.
8. The method for producing a sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
in the step S30, extrusion-molding the mixed material obtained in the step S20 using a screw extrusion device;
wherein the rotation speed of the screw extrusion device is 10 to 20 revolutions per minute; and/or
The extrusion flow rate of the screw extrusion device is 40 kg/min to 60 kg/min; and/or
The screw extrusion device has an extrusion pressure of 4 to 6 MPa.
9. A plate material is characterized in that the plate material,
obtained by a method of manufacturing a panel as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of a panel according to claim 9, characterized in that at least one of the following is prepared:
floor, wall body, ceiling, door body, cabinet body.
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| CN201911250002.5A CN110951186A (en) | 2019-12-09 | 2019-12-09 | Sheet material, preparation method and use method |
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| CN102746594A (en) * | 2012-06-13 | 2012-10-24 | 濮阳市东宝科技发展有限公司 | Wood plastic plate and its preparation method |
| CN103421258A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2013-12-04 | 彭涛 | Energy-saving environmental protection wood plastic material and preparation method thereof |
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