CN110950711A - Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Biological organic fertilizer and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110950711A CN110950711A CN201911325958.7A CN201911325958A CN110950711A CN 110950711 A CN110950711 A CN 110950711A CN 201911325958 A CN201911325958 A CN 201911325958A CN 110950711 A CN110950711 A CN 110950711A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
Abstract
The invention provides a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof, relating to the technical field of fertilizers. The biological organic fertilizer comprises nitrogen sources, organic raw materials, calcium magnesium carbonate, bacillus, auxiliary materials and other raw materials, wherein the biological organic fertilizer mainly comprises the organic raw materials and the microbial bacillus, and sufficient medium elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like can be provided for crops by adding the calcium magnesium carbonate. The invention provides the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer, which adopts the strong mixing granulator to directly mix and granulate the bacillus and other raw materials without fermenting the mixture, thereby solving the problems of long fermentation time, low yield, easy pulverization and the like in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a biological organic fertilizer and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
A biological organic fertilizer is a fertilizer which is compounded by microorganisms with specific functions and organic materials which are mainly prepared from animal residues or plant residues (such as crop straws or livestock and poultry manure) and are subjected to harmless treatment and decomposition, and has the effects of an organic fertilizer and a microbial fertilizer. Compared with chemical fertilizers, the biological organic fertilizer has more comprehensive nutrient components and can not cause soil hardening.
The production method of the biological organic fertilizer is various, and the method generally adopted is to mix the raw materials of decomposed compost, fermentation strains, straws, animal wastes and the like according to a proportion, ferment, crush, screen and dry the mixture to obtain the biological organic fertilizer product. The bio-organic fertilizer produced by the raw materials has light specific gravity and is easy to lose, thereby increasing the input cost of crops. In addition, fermentation is needed in the production process, and the problems of long fermentation time, low yield, easy pulverization and the like exist.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biological organic fertilizer which comprises nitrogen sources, organic raw materials, calcium magnesium carbonate, bacillus, auxiliary materials and other raw materials, is not easy to run off, and can comprehensively improve the soil quality and the disease resistance of crops.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a biological organic fertilizer, which adopts a strong mixing granulator to directly mix and granulate bacillus and other raw materials without fermenting the mixture, thereby solving the problems of long fermentation time, low yield, easy pulverization and the like in the prior art.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a biological organic fertilizer or the application of the biological organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
16-22 parts of nitrogen source, 58-75 parts of organic raw material, 1-24 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 2-20 parts of bacillus and 0-1 part of auxiliary material.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme, the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
17-21 parts of nitrogen source, 60-72 parts of organic raw material, 2-22 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 3-18 parts of bacillus and 0.2-1 part of auxiliary material.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme, the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
18-20 parts of nitrogen source, 62-70 parts of organic raw material, 5-20 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 4-16 parts of bacillus and 0.4-0.8 part of auxiliary material.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the organic raw material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of lignite, organic compost, biogas manure or sugar alcohol residues.
Further, on the basis of the above technical scheme of the present invention, the nitrogen source includes any one of ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium bicarbonate or urea or a combination of at least two of the ammonium sulfate, the ammonium nitrate, the ammonium bicarbonate or the urea.
Further, on the basis of the above technical scheme of the present invention, the bacillus comprises any one or a combination of at least two of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens or bacillus mucilaginosus;
preferably, the effective viable count of the bacillus is 50-2000 hundred million/g;
preferably, the auxiliary materials comprise any one or a combination of at least two of high clay, potassium fulvate or humic acid.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing and granulating the raw materials according to the formula amount by adopting a strong mixing granulator to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme, the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
and mixing the raw materials according to the formula amount by adopting a powerful mixing granulator, adjusting the water content of each raw material to 14-20 wt%, granulating, and drying the obtained granulated material to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the drying temperature is 42-62 ℃, and the drying time is 12-15 min.
The invention also provides the application of the biological organic fertilizer or the biological organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in plant planting.
Compared with the prior art, the biological organic fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:
(1) the biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention comprises raw materials such as a nitrogen source, an organic raw material, calcium magnesium carbonate, bacillus, auxiliary materials and the like, wherein the biological organic fertilizer mainly comprises the organic raw material and the microbial bacillus, the added calcium magnesium carbonate can provide sufficient medium elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like for crops, and through the matching of the raw materials such as the nitrogen source, the organic raw material, the calcium magnesium carbonate, the bacillus, the auxiliary materials and the like, the biological organic fertilizer can provide comprehensive and reasonable nutrients for the crops, can improve the soil with reduced quality such as acid alkalization or salinization and the like, can enhance the soil fertility, is not easy to lose, and can comprehensively improve the soil quality and the disease resistance of the crops; in addition, the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, and the cost of the raw materials is low.
(2) The invention provides the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer, the bacillus and other raw materials are mixed by adopting the powerful mixing granulator to obtain a mixture, the mixture is not required to be fermented, the mixture is directly granulated, and the biological organic fertilizer is prepared under the condition of ensuring the survival of the bacillus.
In addition, the preparation method has simple process flow and convenient operation, and can effectively shorten the production period of the biological organic fertilizer.
(3) The invention provides the application of the biological organic fertilizer or the biological organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in plant planting. In view of the advantages of the biological organic fertilizer, the biological organic fertilizer can provide nutrients required by plant growth, thereby improving the quality of plants.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a biological organic fertilizer is provided, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
16-22 parts of nitrogen source, 58-75 parts of organic raw material, 1-24 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 2-20 parts of bacillus and 0-1 part of auxiliary material.
According to the biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention, through the matching of the nitrogen source, the organic raw materials, the calcium magnesium carbonate, the bacillus, the auxiliary materials and other raw materials, the biological organic fertilizer can provide comprehensive and reasonable nutrients for crops, can improve the soil with reduced quality such as hexanoic acid alkalization or salinization and the like, can enhance the soil fertility, is not easy to run off, has lasting fertilizer efficiency, and can comprehensively improve the soil quality and the disease resistance of the crops; in addition, the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain, and the cost of the raw materials is low.
Specifically, the nitrogen source can provide nitrogen nutrition for the plant, and has an important effect on improving the yield and the quality of the plant. The kind of the nitrogen source is not particularly limited, and substances commonly used in the art, including but not limited to ammonium sulfate, urea, ammonium bicarbonate, or the like, may be used. The nitrogen source is typically, but not limited to, 16 parts, 17 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, or 22 parts by weight.
Organic materials may provide organic matter. The organic raw material can adopt substances commonly used in the field, including but not limited to lignite, straw, mushroom residue, organic compost, biogas fertilizer or sugar alcohol residue and the like. Typical but non-limiting parts by weight of the organic starting material are 58 parts, 59 parts, 60 parts, 61 parts, 62 parts, 64 parts, 65 parts, 66 parts, 68 parts, 70 parts, 72 parts, 74 parts or 75 parts.
The calcium carbonate and the magnesium carbonate can endow the biological organic fertilizer with sufficient calcium and magnesium elements, and the biological organic fertilizer can provide sufficient medium elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like for plants when being applied to soil, thereby meeting the requirement of the plants on nutrition.
The source of calcium magnesium carbonate is not particularly limited. Typical but non-limiting parts by weight of calcium magnesium carbonate are 1 part, 2 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 8 parts, 10 parts, 12 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 20 parts, 21 parts, 22 parts, 23 parts or 24 parts.
The bacillus is used as a microbial agent, so that the fertility and the utilization rate of the biological organic fertilizer can be improved, the absorption of nitrate nitrogen, heavy metals and pesticides by plants can be inhibited, the soil can be purified and repaired, and the occurrence of plant diseases can be reduced.
Typical but non-limiting parts by weight of the bacillus are 2 parts, 3 parts, 4 parts, 5 parts, 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, 10 parts, 11 parts, 12 parts, 13 parts, 14 parts, 15 parts, 16 parts, 18 parts, 19 parts or 20 parts.
The auxiliary materials are selectively added substances, and the main function of the auxiliary materials is to supplement medium and trace elements for crops. The auxiliary materials can be selected from materials commonly used in the field to be added, such as high clay, potassium fulvate or humic acid. Typical but non-limiting parts by weight of the auxiliary materials are 0 part, 0.2 part, 0.4 part, 0.5 part, 0.6 part, 0.8 part or 1.0 part.
The biological organic fertilizer has the beneficial effects that the nitrogen source and the organic raw materials can provide major elements, the calcium carbonate and the magnesium carbonate can provide trace elements, the auxiliary materials can provide trace elements, and the bacillus is used as a microorganism bacterium. If the element dosage in the biological organic fertilizer is not balanced, the plants have the adverse symptoms of slow growth, easy disease attack, deformed fruit leaves and the like.
Furthermore, the amount of each raw material is limited, for example, when the amount of the nitrogen source is less than 16 parts by weight, nutrient deficiency may occur, the yield of crops may be reduced, and when the amount of the nitrogen source is more than 22 parts by weight, production cost may be increased; when the using amount of the organic raw materials is less than 58 parts by weight, the organic matter content is low, the organic matter content can not reach the microbial fertilizer standard, and the requirement of crops on the organic matter content of the biological organic fertilizer can not be met, and when the using amount of the organic raw materials is more than 75 parts by weight, other components in unit weight are less, and part of trace elements can not meet the requirement of the crops; when the using amount of calcium carbonate and magnesium is less than 1 part by weight, the problems of insufficient calcium and magnesium content, serious influence on the quality of agricultural products, the service life of crops and the like can be caused, and when the using amount of calcium carbonate and magnesium is more than 24 parts by weight, the problems of high calcium and magnesium content, excessive nutrition, increased raw material cost and the like can be caused; when the amount of the bacillus is less than 2 parts by weight, the problems of low germination rate, seedling protection rate, low survival rate and the like of crops can be caused, and when the amount of the bacillus is more than 20 parts by weight, the cost of fungus raw materials can be increased, namely the production cost is increased and the like. It follows that the amounts of the respective raw materials should be kept within the specified numerical ranges.
The term "comprising" as used herein means that it may include, in addition to the recited materials, other materials acceptable in the fertilizer art which impart different properties to the fertilizer. In addition, the term "comprising" as used herein may be replaced by "being" or "made from … …" as closed. For example, the biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 16-22 parts of nitrogen source, 58-75 parts of organic raw material, 1-24 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 2-20 parts of bacillus and 0-1 part of auxiliary material.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
17-21 parts of nitrogen source, 60-72 parts of organic raw material, 2-22 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 3-18 parts of bacillus and 0.2-1 part of auxiliary material.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
18-20 parts of nitrogen source, 62-70 parts of organic raw material, 5-20 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 4-16 parts of bacillus and 0.4-0.8 part of auxiliary material.
The use amount of each raw material of the biological organic fertilizer is further limited, so that the nutritional ingredients of the biological organic fertilizer are more comprehensive and reasonable.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the organic raw material includes any one of lignite, organic compost, biogas manure, or sugar alcohol residue, or a combination of at least two thereof.
The lignite is rich in a large amount of phosphorus and calcium, and can be used as a fertilizer to improve soil and promote the growth of crops.
The organic compost is an organic fertilizer, contains rich nutrient substances, and has long and stable fertilizer efficiency.
The biogas fertilizer refers to residue after biogas fermentation. The biogas fertilizer is rich in organic matters and various nutrient elements necessary for plants, and has obvious effects of improving the physical and chemical properties of soil and improving the quality of plants.
Sugar alcohol residues are a kind of polyhydric alcohol, and common sugar alcohol residues are xylitol residues, glycerol residues and the like. The sugar alcohol residue can make plants adapt to the growth of adverse circumstances by adjusting cell permeability, and is mainly used for improving the stress resistance of crops.
Through the specific limitation on the types of substances in the organic raw materials, the organic raw materials can provide sufficient organic matters for the soil or the plant quality, and the soil environment can be further improved and the plant quality can be improved.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the nitrogen source comprises any one of ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium bicarbonate or urea, or a combination of at least two of these.
Ammonium sulfate, also known as ammonium sulfate, is a white or light brown crystal, is easily soluble in water, has low hygroscopicity, and is convenient to store and use. The ammonium sulfate is used as a nitrogen source and can provide certain sulfur elements for crops.
Ammonium nitrate, ammonium bicarbonate and urea are common nitrogen fertilizers and can provide sufficient nitrogen elements for the biological organic fertilizer.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the Bacillus includes any one of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens or Bacillus mucilaginosus or a combination of at least two of them.
The bacillus has more obvious effect of improving the quality of the biological organic fertilizer by limiting the specific variety of the bacillus.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the effective viable count of the Bacillus is 50-2000 hundred million/g.
Typical, but not limiting, effective viable counts of Bacillus are 50, 100, 200, 300, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400, 1500, 1600, 1800 or 2000 billion/g.
The effective viable count of the bacillus is limited, so that the bacillus has higher activity and is more beneficial to the release of organic matters and other nutrient substances in the biological organic fertilizer.
As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary material comprises any one of high clay, potassium fulvate or humic acid or a combination of at least two thereof.
The high clay has high organic matter content, strong fertilizer retention performance and difficult nutrient loss.
The potassium fulvate can improve soil, improve fertilizer efficiency, stimulate plant growth, improve stress resistance of plants and improve crop quality.
Humic acid is mainly a type of organic matter formed and accumulated by the decomposition and transformation of microorganisms and a series of geochemical reaction processes of animal and plant remains. Humic acid can be separated from and combined with metal ions in water, which is beneficial to the transmission of nutrient elements to plants, and can improve the soil structure and be beneficial to the growth of plants.
Through further limiting the types of the auxiliary materials, the biological organic fertilizer can supplement trace elements for crops, and meanwhile, the auxiliary materials also have certain viscosity, so that the granulation forming in the preparation process is facilitated.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, calcium magnesium carbonate is a by-product of chemical beneficiation.
The biological organic fertilizer is provided with certain medium elements such as calcium, magnesium and the like through the chemical beneficiation by-product calcium magnesium carbonate, so that the recycling of the chemical beneficiation by-product can be improved, and the utilization value of the chemical beneficiation by-product is improved.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
and mixing and granulating the raw materials according to the formula amount by adopting a strong mixing granulator to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
The strong mixing granulator uses the turbulent mixing granulation principle, completes the mixing, kneading, pelletizing and granulating processes in the same equipment, has few processes and simple operation, and can quickly and efficiently prepare the required fertilizer granules in the shortest time. The intensive mixing granulator is a conventional device, commercially available, and the detailed structure thereof is not described herein.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the steps of directly mixing the bacillus with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, and then granulating the mixture, wherein the mixture is subjected to mixing and granulation under the condition of ensuring the survival of the bacillus. The preparation method improves the problems of long fermentation time, low yield, easy pulverization and the like in the prior art, and simultaneously improves the problems of viscous raw materials and difficult granulation in the prior art by adopting a strong mixing granulator to directly mix and granulate the raw materials.
In addition, the preparation method has simple process flow and convenient operation, and greatly shortens the production period of the biological organic fertilizer.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
and mixing the raw materials according to the formula amount by adopting a powerful mixing granulator, adjusting the water content of each raw material to 14-20 wt%, granulating, and drying the obtained granulated material to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
The hybrid granulation process employs wet granulation, adjusting the moisture content of each raw material typically but not limited to, for example, 14 wt%, 15 wt%, 16 wt%, 17 wt%, 18 wt%, 19 wt%, or 20 wt%.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the drying temperature is 42-62 ℃, and the drying time is 12-15 min.
Typical but non-limiting drying temperatures are 42 deg.C, 44 deg.C, 45 deg.C, 46 deg.C, 48 deg.C, 50 deg.C, 52 deg.C, 54 deg.C, 55 deg.C, 56 deg.C, 58 deg.C, 60 deg.C or 62 deg.C.
Typical but non-limiting drying times are 12min, 13min, 14min or 15 min.
The proper amount of moisture is contained in the biological organic fertilizer through the limitation of the drying temperature and the drying time.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the bio-organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
metering: putting the raw materials into a hopper, metering the raw materials according to the raw material proportion by a belt type metering scale, and conveying the raw materials to a granulation process;
and (3) granulation: adding various raw materials conveyed in a metering process into a strong mixing granulator, opening the strong mixing granulator to spray and adjust the moisture of the raw materials (the moisture content of the raw materials is controlled at 14-20%), starting a power supply, setting reversal, adjusting the rotation speed of a rotor to a proper gear, adjusting the rotation speed of a disc to a proper gear, uniformly mixing the raw materials in the strong mixing granulator under the high-speed rotation and high-speed stirring of the disc, adjusting the disc to a low-speed gear, quickly granulating, opening a discharge valve, conveying the granulated materials to a drying process through a belt conveyor, closing the discharge valve, and repeating the operation;
drying and screening: and (3) conveying the product from the granulation process to a dryer, conveying the dried material to a screening machine through a belt conveyor and a bucket elevator, conveying the screened finished product material (with the particle size range of 1.0-3.6mm) to a finished product packaging workshop through the belt conveyor, and packaging to obtain the biological organic fertilizer. Wherein, the biological organic fertilizer can be packaged according to different grain diameters of 1.0mm-2.0mm, 2.0mm-2.8mm and 2.8mm-3.6 mm.
It should be noted that, besides the finished product material, small particle materials (less than or equal to 1.0mm) and large particle materials (more than or equal to 3.6mm) can be obtained after screening, and the small particle materials and the large particle materials can be conveyed to a powerful mixing granulator through a belt conveyor for granulation treatment again.
In addition, the method for preparing the biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention is not only used for preparing the biological organic fertilizer provided by the invention, but also can be used for preparing the biological organic fertilizer composed of other raw materials.
According to the third aspect of the invention, the application of the biological organic fertilizer or the biological organic fertilizer prepared by the preparation method in plant cultivation is also provided.
In view of the advantages of the biological organic fertilizer, the biological organic fertilizer can provide nutrients required by plant growth, thereby improving the quality of plants.
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples and comparative examples. The lignite is purchased from a manufacturer, namely Guangxi Nanning Yihua trade company, and the organic matter is 75-90%; biogas, organic compost and sugar alcohol residues are purchased from Vat-An farmers; the bacillus subtilis and the bacillus amyloliquefaciens are purchased from Ames biotechnology limited company in Beijing century, and the effective viable count is 50 hundred million/g.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
22kg of nitrogen source, 73kg of organic raw material, 2kg of calcium magnesium carbonate, 2kg of bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 1kg of auxiliary material;
wherein the nitrogen source is ammonium sulfate, the organic raw materials are lignite and sugar alcohol residues, the mass ratio of the lignite to the sugar alcohol residues is 1:1, and the auxiliary material is potassium fulvate.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
adding the raw materials in the formula ratio into a strong mixing granulator, starting a power supply, setting reverse rotation, adjusting the rotation speed of a rotor to a proper gear, adjusting the rotation speed of a disc to 1800r/min, uniformly mixing the raw materials in the strong mixing granulator under the high-speed rotation and high-speed stirring of the disc, adjusting the water content of each raw material to 20 wt%, then adjusting the rotation speed of the disc to 900r/min, granulating, drying the obtained granulated material at 50 ℃ for 14min, and screening to obtain the biological organic fertilizer with the thickness of 1.0-3.6 mm.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
21kg of nitrogen source, 72kg of organic raw material, 3kg of calcium magnesium carbonate, 3kg of bacillus subtilis and 1kg of auxiliary material;
wherein the nitrogen source is ammonium sulfate, the organic raw material is lignite, and the auxiliary material is high clay.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
21kg of nitrogen source, 71kg of organic raw material, 4kg of calcium magnesium carbonate, 3.5kg of bacillus amyloliquefaciens and 0.5kg of auxiliary material;
wherein the nitrogen source is ammonium sulfate, the organic raw material is lignite, and the auxiliary material is humic acid.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
adding the raw materials in the formula ratio into a strong mixing granulator, starting a power supply, setting reverse rotation, adjusting the rotation speed of a rotor to a proper gear, adjusting the rotation speed of a disc to 1800r/min, uniformly mixing the raw materials in the strong mixing granulator under the high-speed rotation and high-speed stirring of the disc, adjusting the water content of each raw material to 20 wt%, then adjusting the rotation speed of the disc to 900r/min, granulating, drying the obtained granulated material at 60 ℃ for 12min, and screening to obtain the biological organic fertilizer with the thickness of 1.0-3.6 mm.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20kg of nitrogen source, 70kg of organic raw material, 5.5kg of calcium magnesium carbonate, 4kg of bacillus subtilis and 0.5kg of auxiliary material;
wherein the nitrogen source is ammonium sulfate, the organic raw material is lignite, and the auxiliary material is high clay.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
adding the raw materials in the formula ratio into a strong mixing granulator, starting a power supply, setting reversal, adjusting the rotation speed of a rotor to a proper gear, adjusting the rotation speed of a disc to 1800r/min, uniformly mixing the raw materials in the strong mixing granulator under the high-speed rotation and high-speed stirring of the disc, adjusting the water content of each raw material to 14 wt%, then adjusting the rotation speed of the disc to 900r/min, granulating, drying the obtained granulated material at 45 ℃ for 15min, and screening to obtain the biological organic fertilizer with the thickness of 1.0-3.6 mm.
Example 5
This example provides a bioorganic fertilizer in which the organic raw material was replaced with biogas fertilizer, and other raw materials and amounts and preparation method were the same as in example 4.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20kg of nitrogen source, 62kg of organic raw material, 13.5kg of calcium magnesium carbonate, 4kg of bacillus subtilis and 0.5kg of auxiliary material;
the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a biological organic fertilizer which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20kg of nitrogen source, 62kg of organic raw material, 5.5kg of calcium magnesium carbonate, 12kg of bacillus subtilis and 0.5kg of auxiliary material;
the preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer provided by the embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a biological organic fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials by weight:
15kg of nitrogen source, 78kg of organic raw material, 5.5kg of calcium magnesium carbonate, 1kg of bacillus subtilis and 0.5kg of auxiliary material;
wherein the nitrogen source is ammonium sulfate, the organic raw material is lignite, and the auxiliary material is high clay.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer provided by the comparative example is the same as that of the example 4.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a bioorganic fertilizer, and the raw materials and amounts and preparation method were the same as in example 4 except that calcium magnesium carbonate was not added to the raw materials.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a bio-organic fertilizer, except that the weight of Bacillus subtilis in the raw materials was 1kg, and the other raw materials and amounts and preparation method were the same as in example 4.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a bio-organic fertilizer, and the raw materials and the amount are the same as those in example 4.
The preparation method of the biological organic fertilizer provided by the comparative example comprises the following steps:
mixing the raw materials according to the formula ratio, fermenting for 7d, wherein the initial fermentation temperature is 23 ℃, the temperature is gradually increased to 64 ℃ after 2d, the fermentation humidity is 58%, crushing and screening to 2.8 meshes after the fermentation is finished, and drying for 15min at 45 ℃ to obtain the bio-organic fertilizer product.
To further verify the technical effects of the above examples and comparative examples, the following experiments were carried out.
Experimental example 1
The biological organic fertilizer obtained in each of the above examples and comparative examples was tested, and the specific results are shown in table 1. Wherein the total nutrient is N + P2O5+K2O content and calculated on a dry basis, "%" in Table 1 means mass percent.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the overall performance of the bio-organic fertilizer provided by the examples of the present invention is better than that of the bio-organic fertilizer provided by the comparative example.
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the compositions or the dosages of the raw materials of the comparative examples 1 to 3 are not within the composition or dosage range of the raw materials of the invention, so that the nutrients of the obtained biological organic fertilizer are insufficient, and the growth and development of crops, the yield and the content of available nutrients in soil are all adversely affected. Wherein, calcium and magnesium carbonate is not added in the comparative example 2, and the quality of agricultural products and the service life of crops are seriously influenced due to insufficient content of calcium and magnesium. In comparative example 3, too low amount of Bacillus subtilis resulted in low germination rate, seedling retention rate and survival rate of crops. The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer in the comparative example 4 is different from the preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer in the example 4, and although the quality of the bio-organic fertilizer obtained in the comparative example 4 is equivalent to that of the bio-organic fertilizer obtained in the example 4, the production period of the bio-organic fertilizer in the comparative example 4 is long, the yield is low, and the production cost is increased virtually.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The biological organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
16-22 parts of nitrogen source, 58-75 parts of organic raw material, 1-24 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 2-20 parts of bacillus and 0-1 part of auxiliary material.
2. The biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
17-21 parts of nitrogen source, 60-72 parts of organic raw material, 2-22 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 3-18 parts of bacillus and 0.2-1 part of auxiliary material.
3. The biological organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
18-20 parts of nitrogen source, 62-70 parts of organic raw material, 5-20 parts of calcium magnesium carbonate, 4-16 parts of bacillus and 0.4-0.8 part of auxiliary material.
4. A bioorganic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said organic raw material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of lignite, organic compost, biogas manure or sugar alcohol residues.
5. A biological organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the nitrogen source comprises any one or a combination of at least two of ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium bicarbonate or urea.
6. A biological organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the bacillus comprises any one or a combination of at least two of bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens or bacillus mucilaginosus;
preferably, the effective viable count of the bacillus is 50-2000 hundred million/g;
preferably, the auxiliary materials comprise any one or a combination of at least two of high clay, potassium fulvate or humic acid.
7. The method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
and mixing the raw materials according to the formula ratio by adopting a strong mixing granulator, and then granulating to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
8. The method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 7, comprising the steps of:
and mixing the raw materials according to the formula amount by adopting a powerful mixing granulator, adjusting the water content of the mixture to 14-20 wt%, granulating, and drying the obtained granulated material to obtain the biological organic fertilizer.
9. The method for preparing a bio-organic fertilizer according to claim 8, wherein the drying temperature is 42-62 ℃ and the drying time is 12-15 min.
10. Use of the bioorganic fertilizer of any one of claims 1 to 6 or the bioorganic fertilizer produced by the production method of any one of claims 7 to 9 in plant cultivation.
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