CN110950685A - Method for preparing liquid organic fertilizer by using tung nutshells - Google Patents
Method for preparing liquid organic fertilizer by using tung nutshells Download PDFInfo
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- CN110950685A CN110950685A CN201911394457.4A CN201911394457A CN110950685A CN 110950685 A CN110950685 A CN 110950685A CN 201911394457 A CN201911394457 A CN 201911394457A CN 110950685 A CN110950685 A CN 110950685A
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- 235000010678 Paulownia tomentosa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 240000002834 Paulownia tomentosa Species 0.000 title 1
- 240000001866 Vernicia fordii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 244000153888 Tung Species 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000147058 Derris elliptica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000221017 Euphorbiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of liquid organic fertilizer production, and discloses a method for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer by using tung nutshells, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: screening tung nutshells: a. composting the tung oil tree fruits; b. extruding and stripping the tung oil tree fruits by using a primary screening device to extrude the tung oil tree seeds; c. extruding and stripping the tung oil tree fruit again by utilizing the flexible opening; d. stirring the tung oil tree fruits to enable the peel and the tung oil tree seeds to be more easily separated; e. spraying and washing the tung oil tree fruits to wash and fall the peeled peels; f. obtaining tung oil seeds; g. separating the tung nutlet from the tung nutlet to obtain tung nutlet; step two: crushing; step three: soaking; step four: fermenting; step five: obtaining the primary product. This scheme carries out a lot of extrusion, screening to the tung oil tree fruit after the peel softens thoroughly decomposed, screens out the tung oil tree seed, has promoted the screening effect of tung oil tree seed, and compare with current artifical mode of peeling off, efficiency is promoted by a wide margin.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid organic fertilizer production.
Background
The tung oil tree is a plant of the genus tung of the family euphorbiaceae, is one of the main industrial oil tree species in China, has a thousand-year cultivation history in China, has more excellent varieties, and is widely cultivated in the south of China, wherein Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan and Hubei are four major provinces for producing tung oil in China. The fruit of tung oil tree is called tung oil tree fruit, which is mainly composed of peel and tung oil tree seed, and the tung oil tree seed comprises tung oil tree shell and nutlet. In industrial production, the nutlet is often taken out to squeeze out tung oil, and the tung oil nutshell is discarded, which causes waste of resources.
In the research process, the applicant finds that the tung nutshell is rich in potassium and can be used as a raw material for producing liquid organic fertilizer. In the process of producing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells, the tung oil seeds need to be screened out, and kernels need to be taken out to obtain the tung oil nutshells.
The existing processing method comprises the following steps: after the tung oil tree fruits are picked, the tung oil tree fruits are piled to be soft and thoroughly decomposed, and then the peels and the tung oil tree seeds are manually separated, so that the tung oil tree seed screening is completed. However, because the softened and decomposed fruit peel has a certain adhesiveness, if the method is adopted to screen the tung seeds, more fruit peel powder still adheres to the surface of the screened tung seeds, and the screening efficiency is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer by using tung nutshells.
In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention provides a method for preparing a liquid organic fertilizer by using tung nutshells, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screening tung nutshells: the screening of the tung nutshells comprises the following processes:
a. retting the picked tung oil tree fruits to soften and thoroughly decompose the peels;
b. pouring the tung oil tree fruits with softened and thoroughly decomposed peels into a primary screening device, and extruding and stripping the tung oil tree fruits by utilizing a plurality of extrusion sections of the primary screening device to extrude tung oil tree seeds;
c. pushing the pressed and peeled tung oil tree fruits to extrude from the flexible opening which can allow tung oil tree seeds to pass through, pressing and peeling the tung oil tree fruits again by utilizing the flexible opening, and conveying the tung oil tree fruits to the next pressing section;
d. stirring the tung oil tree fruits in the extrusion section to enhance the friction effect between the tung oil tree fruits and ensure that the peel and the tung oil tree seeds are more easily separated;
e. spraying and washing the tung oil tree fruits in the extrusion section to wash the peeled and softened and matured fruit peels down;
f. extruding and stripping the oil tung seeds by a plurality of extruding sections to obtain the oil tung seeds;
g. breaking the tung oil tree seeds by using a shell breaking machine, and separating tung oil tree shells from kernels to obtain tung oil tree shells;
step two: crushing: crushing the tung nutshells for later use;
step three: soaking: soaking the crushed tung nutshells in water to ensure that the tung nutshells fully absorb water;
step four: fermentation: putting the tung nutshell serving as one of fermentation raw materials into a fermentation tank for fermentation;
step five: obtaining a primary product: after the fermentation is finished, discharging the liquid in the fermentation tank to obtain a primary product.
The principle and the beneficial effect of the basic scheme are as follows:
(1) one of the raw materials for producing that this scheme utilization tung oil tree shell was as liquid fertilizer utilizes the potassium element that is rich in the tung oil tree shell, can improve the content of potassium in the liquid fertilizer greatly, does benefit to vegetation.
(2) According to the scheme, the tung oil tree fruits after the peels are softened and matured are extruded and screened for many times, and the screening effect of the tung oil tree seeds is improved. When the tung oil tree fruit is extruded to the vicinity of the flexible opening, the fruit peel is gradually peeled off under the extrusion and friction action of the flexible opening, and the tung oil tree seed is extruded to pass through the flexible opening and enter the next extrusion section to be screened again; if the tung seeds separated from the peels pass through the flexible opening, the flexible opening can clean up the broken peels attached to the surfaces of the tung seeds, and the tung seeds are cleaned up. The tung oil tree fruits are stirred, so that the friction effect between the tung oil tree fruits is enhanced, and the separation of the peel and the tung oil tree seeds is accelerated. Compared with the existing manual stripping mode, the efficiency is greatly improved.
(3) The liquid organic fertilizer produced by the method is beneficial to improving soil, increasing fertility and improving crop quality, and can be used for planting and cultivating forest trees, flowers and crops.
Optionally, in the process a, the retting time of the tung oil tree fruit pile is 25-35 days.
The tung oil tree fruit is piled and retted for 25-35 days, so that the peel can be fully softened and thoroughly decomposed, and the peel can be more easily peeled from the tung oil tree seed in the subsequent screening work.
Alternatively, in process d, the stirring speed is 4-80 rpm.
By the design, the tung oil tree fruit stirring device can be used for stirring tung oil tree fruits, and tung oil tree seeds cannot be damaged due to too high speed.
Optionally, in the process e, the washed peel is collected and discharged in time.
The fallen peels are collected and discharged in time, so that the peels are prevented from being repeatedly adhered to the tung seeds to influence the screening effect of the tung seeds.
Optionally, after the process f, a re-flushing process is added: and cleaning and draining the obtained tung seeds again.
The secondary washing process is added, so that the peels on the surfaces of the tung seeds can be fully washed clean, and the screening effect of the tung seeds is further improved.
Optionally, after the rinsing process, a drying process is added: and (4) placing the drained tung seeds in a cool and ventilated place for 1-3 days, and drying in the shade.
And drying the screened tung oil tree seeds in the shade for subsequent crushing, and adopting the way of drying in the shade can avoid the damage to the components and nutrition in the tung oil tree shells.
Optionally, in the fourth step, during the fermentation process, 2-3 times of pile turning is performed.
The fermentation raw materials can be mixed more uniformly by turning the pile for 2-3 times, so that the fermentation is more fully performed.
Optionally, the turning adopts manual turning, and the specific method is as follows: turning the fermentation raw materials once every 6-9 days from the fermentation tank, wherein the first and second specific turning time is based on that the temperature in the fermentation tank reaches 50 ℃ and lasts for more than 3 days, the turning process must be uniform and thorough, and the bottom materials are turned into the middle-upper part.
By adopting the pile turning method, the fermentation raw materials can be turned more uniformly, so that the fermentation raw materials can be fully fermented.
Optionally, while turning the pile, the fermenter is replenished with water to maintain a constant humidity.
The tung nutshell needs certain humidity in the fermentation process, and water is supplemented into the fermentation tank in time, so that the tung nutshell can be fermented more fully.
Optionally, after the fifth step, a filtering step is added: and filtering, precipitating and separating the primary product to obtain a finished product.
The precipitates of the finished product after filtration, precipitation and separation are greatly reduced, and the probability of blocking the fertilizing tool in later use is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a primary screening apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the screening deck of fig. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of A in FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the push plate in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the box body 1, feed inlet 2, discharge gate 3, apron 4, cylinder 5, push rod 6, connecting rod 7, cross sieve 8, flexible opening 9, through-hole 10, push pedal 11, inserted bar 12, pop-up pole 13, first elastic component 14, annular spacing groove 15, sliding tray 16, baffle 17, material passing hole 18, second elastic component 19, electro-magnet 20, magnetite 21, normally open switch 22, motor 23, pivot 24, first shower nozzle 25, collect chamber 26, screen cloth 27, material collecting tank 28, waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall net 29.
Example 1
The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screening tung nutshells: the screening of the tung nutshells comprises the following processes:
a. retting the picked tung oil tree fruits for 25-35 days to soften and thoroughly decompose the peels;
b. pouring the tung oil tree fruits with softened and thoroughly decomposed peels into a primary screening device, and extruding and stripping the tung oil tree fruits by utilizing a plurality of extrusion sections of the primary screening device to extrude tung oil tree seeds;
c. pushing the pressed and peeled tung oil tree fruits to extrude from the flexible opening 9 which can allow tung oil tree seeds to pass through, using the flexible opening 9 to press and peel the tung oil tree fruits again, and conveying the tung oil tree fruits to the next pressing section;
d. stirring the tung oil tree fruits in the extrusion section at the stirring speed of 4-80rpm, preferably 35rpm, enhancing the friction effect between the tung oil tree fruits and enabling the peels and the tung oil tree seeds to be more easily separated;
e. spraying and washing the tung oil tree fruits in the extrusion section to wash and remove the peeled and softened and matured peels in time;
f. extruding and stripping the oil tung seeds by a plurality of extruding sections to obtain the oil tung seeds;
g. and (3) rinsing again: cleaning and draining the obtained tung seeds again;
h. drying in the shade: placing the drained tung seeds in a cool and ventilated place for 1-3 days, and drying in the shade;
i. and (3) breaking the tung oil tree seeds by using a shell breaking machine, and separating tung oil tree shells from kernels to obtain the tung oil tree shells.
Step two: crushing: pulverizing the tung nutshell for later use.
Step three: soaking: soaking the crushed tung nutshells in water to ensure that the tung nutshells fully absorb water.
Step four: fermentation: putting the tung nutshell as one of fermentation raw materials into a fermentation tank for fermentation.
Step five: obtaining a primary product: after the fermentation is finished, discharging the liquid in the fermentation tank to obtain a primary product.
Step six: and (3) filtering: and filtering, precipitating and separating the primary product to obtain a finished product.
The used primary screening device comprises a box body 1, a cover plate 4, a feeding hole 2, a discharging hole 3, a plurality of screening plates 8, a plurality of pushing plates 11, a motor 23, a rotating shaft 24, a pushing unit and a screening unit, wherein the box body 1, the cover plate 4, the feeding hole 2, the discharging hole 3, the pushing plates and the screening unit are combined to form the primary screening device.
The top surface of the bottom of the box body 1 is obliquely arranged from the upper right to the lower left, and the inclination angle is 15-45 degrees. The cover plate 4 is covered on the top of the box body 1, and the cover plate 4 is arranged in parallel with the top surface of the bottom of the box body 1; the right part at apron 4 is seted up to feed inlet 2, and the left side at box 1 is seted up to discharge gate 3, and discharge gate 3 fixedly connected with collecting chute 28, the second shower nozzle of collecting chute 28 upper portion left side installation, and collecting chute 28 middle part joint has waterlogging caused by excessive rainfall net 29, and the outlet has been seted up on the left side of collecting chute 28 bottom.
A plurality of sieve board 8 is arranged from right side to left side in proper order, and a plurality of push pedal 11 is also arranged from right side to left side in proper order, and a plurality of push pedal 11 and a plurality of sieve 8 interval are arranged, are equipped with in the box 1 to be used for restricting the spacing groove of 8 left and right removal of sieve, nevertheless sieve board 8 can be at spacing inslot rotation. Cross sieve 8 and be the rigidity board, combine figure 2 to show, the center department of sieving board 8 has seted up a through-hole 10, crosses the equipartition and has a plurality of hole of sieving on the sieve 8, and the quantity of the hole of sieving can be set for according to actual need, and in this embodiment, the distance of adjacent passing between the sieve mesh is no longer than 1cm, and the design is denser, lets more tung seed can pass through, improves the efficiency that the tung seed was screened. All install flexible piece through the screw in every sieve hole, seted up flexible opening 9 on the flexible piece, the diameter ratio of flexible opening 9 is slightly littleer can for tung oil tree seed, and specific size can be set for according to actual need, and this embodiment is preferred 2-4 cm.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the push plate 11 is slidably connected to the bottom of the box 1, four material passing openings 18 are circumferentially formed in the push plate 11, and the tung nuts can slide between the push plate 11 and the sieving plate 8 corresponding to the push plate 11 through the material passing openings 18. Every crosses and all is provided with a unit that blocks that is used for controlling the opening and closing of material mouth 18 on the material mouth 18, it mainly by sliding tray 16 to block the unit, baffle 17, magnetite 21, electro-magnet 20, normally open switch 22, two second elastic components 19 constitute, sliding tray 16 is seted up in push pedal 11 and is communicated with material mouth 18, baffle 17 sliding connection is in sliding tray 16 and material mouth 18 of crossing, magnetite 21 installs the top at baffle 17, electro-magnet 20 is installed in sliding tray 16 bottom and is connected with normally open switch 22 electricity, normally open switch 22 is located one side that the bar opening is close to feed inlet 2 direction and can be triggered by connecting rod 7, electro-magnet 20 repels with magnetite 21 mutually. One end of the second elastic element 19 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the sliding groove 16, the other end of the second elastic element is fixed on the baffle 17, and the second elastic element 19 is a tension spring. A plurality of inserted bars 12 are inserted in the left side of the push plate 11, the inserted bars 12 correspond to the flexible openings 9, but the parts provided with the material passing ports 18 do not have the inserted bars 12 corresponding to the corresponding flexible openings 9, but most of the flexible openings 9 can be dredged because the push plate 11 is in a rotating state; the length of the inserted rod 12 is 8-10 cm. The left part of the inserted link 12 is provided with a transverse groove, the length of the transverse groove is 5-7cm, a first elastic part 14 is arranged in the transverse groove, the first elastic part 14 is a spring, the spring is fixedly connected with an ejection rod 13, the ejection rod 13 can also pass through the flexible opening 9, and the length of the ejection rod 13 is 6-8 cm.
The cover plate 4 is provided with a pushing unit for pushing all the push plates 11 to slide left and right in a reciprocating manner, and the pushing unit mainly comprises a cylinder 5, a push rod 6, a plurality of connecting rods 7, a plurality of strip-shaped openings, a plurality of first sliding blocks and a plurality of annular limiting grooves 15. The cylinder 5 is arranged on the right side of the top of the cover plate 4 and positioned on the left side of the feed inlet 2, the push rod 6 is connected with the output end of the cylinder 5 and can slide left and right on the top of the cover plate 4, the connecting rods 7 are welded and uniformly distributed at the bottom of the push rod 6, the left side of the bottom of the connecting rod 7 is welded with a T-shaped first sliding block, the right side of each push plate 11 is provided with an annular limiting groove 15, and the central line of the annular limiting groove 15 and the axis of the rotating shaft 24 are in the same; the first slider is matched with the annular limiting groove 15 and is connected in the annular limiting groove 15 in a sliding mode. A plurality of strip-shaped openings are uniformly distributed on the cover plate 4 and matched with the sliding of the push plate 11, and the connecting rod 7 is connected in the strip-shaped openings in a sliding manner.
The box 1 bottom is equipped with the sieve material unit that is used for sifting out the peel, sieve material unit mainly by collecting chamber 26, a plurality of screen cloth 27, the discharge port, the first shower nozzle 25 of a plurality of constitutes, collect chamber 26 and set up in the box 1 bottom, the bottom surface of collecting chamber 26 is the inclined plane, the top surface intercommunication of collecting chamber 26 has a plurality of entry, the entry is located the glide plane of push pedal 11 bottom, screen cloth 27 is installed in the entry, screen cloth 27's sieve mesh is less than the diameter of tung oil seed, make the tung oil seed can not pass through screen cloth 27. A discharge port is provided on one side of the collection chamber 26 for discharging the peel and water. The first nozzles 25 are installed on the bottom surface of the cover plate 4 and correspond to the inlets, and the second nozzles (not shown) and all the first nozzles 25 are commonly connected to a water source.
Initially, the connecting rod 7 is located on the right side of the strip-shaped opening, at this time, the normally open switch 22 is closed by the connecting rod 7, the electromagnet 20 is powered off, the second elastic piece 19 is in a contracted state, and the material passing opening 18 is in an opened state. At this time, the distance between the push plate 11 and the corresponding sieving plate 8 is 30-50 cm.
In operation, the staretted tung nut is poured into the box body 1 from the feed inlet 2 and is positioned at the right side of the rightmost push plate 11, and at the moment, the tung nut shells move to the position between the push plate 11 and the rightmost screening plate 8 from the feed opening 18 below the push plate 11. Starting the motor 23 and the cylinder 5, wherein the motor 23 drives all the push plates 11 to rotate through the rotating shaft 24, the cylinder 5 extends out and pushes the push plates 11 to move leftwards through the matching of the push rod 6 and the connecting rod 7, so that all the push plates 11 move leftwards while rotating, the connecting rod 7 is separated from the normally open switch 22, the electromagnet 20 is electrified and generates repulsive force to the magnet 21, and the material passing port 18 is blocked by sliding the baffle 17 out. The pushing plate 11 pushes the tung oil tree fruits to move leftwards together and gradually approach the sieve plate 8 in the leftward movement process, and the tung oil tree fruits are mutually extruded in the movement process and are gradually co-extruded by the pushing plate 11 and the sieve plate 8, so that the tung oil tree seeds are gradually peeled from the fruit peels.
In the process of pressing and stirring the tung oil tree fruits, due to the existence of the flexible openings 9 on the screening plates 8, the tung oil tree seeds which are partially peeled off enter the flexible openings 9 and are extruded out of the flexible openings 9 to fall to the vicinity of the next push plate 11 so as to be pressed by the next push plate 11, then pass through the flexible openings 9 on the next screening plates 8 and fall to the vicinity of the next push plate 11, and the like. Because the diameter of the flexible opening 9 is slightly smaller than that of the tung seed, the peel attached to the surface of the extruded tung seed can be further peeled off in the extrusion process, and the screening effect of the tung seed is enhanced. Part of the tung oil tree fruits are not stripped to form tung oil tree seeds and are pushed to the position near the flexible opening 9, when the tung oil tree seeds pass through the flexible opening 9, the flexible opening 9 has a certain extrusion effect on the tung oil tree seeds, the softened and matured fruit peels can be separated out to enable the fruit peels to difficultly pass through the flexible opening 9, and the tung oil tree seeds are extruded to pass through the flexible opening 9 because the tung oil tree seeds are harder than the fruit peels, so that the tung oil tree seeds are screened out. Of course, when the flexible openings 9 do not allow the tung nut or tung seed to pass through, the partially peeled peel can also fall through these flexible openings 9 to the vicinity of the next push plate 11.
In the process, as the inserted link 12 rotates along with the push plate 11, the rotated inserted link 12 can stir the tung oil tree fruits, the extrusion effect between the tung oil tree fruits is further enhanced, and the tung oil tree seeds are more easily separated from the fruit peels. Meanwhile, the water sprayed by the first spray head 25 is continuously sprayed on the tung oil tree fruits, so that on one hand, the softened and decomposed peels can be more easily peeled from the tung oil tree seeds, and on the other hand, the peeled peels can be washed from the tung oil tree seeds and enter the collecting cavity 26 together with the water through the screen mesh 27, and the peels are screened out.
When the ejection rod 13 on the left side of the insertion rod 12 abuts against the screen plate 8, if the ejection rod 13 is directly aligned with the flexible opening 9, the ejection rod 13 is directly inserted into the flexible opening 9 to clean the flexible opening 9, so that the flexible opening 9 is ensured to be kept in a smooth state; if the ejection rod 13 is not aligned with the flexible opening 9, the ejection rod 13 will rotate on the sieving plate 8 and gradually retract into the transverse slot along with the rotation and movement of the pushing plate 11, and the ejection rod 13 will be ejected and inserted into the flexible opening 9 when aligned with the flexible opening 9 to clean the flexible opening 9.
After the ejection rod 13 is inserted into the flexible opening 9, the push plate 11 can drive the sieve plate 8 to rotate together through the insertion rod 12 and the ejection rod 13, so that the flexible openings 9 in different directions on the sieve plate 8 are alternately extruded with the tung oil tree fruits, and certain parts of the sieve plate 8 are prevented from being deformed and damaged due to long-term extrusion.
After connecting rod 7 moved bar open-ended leftmost end leftwards, cylinder 5 shrink and through push rod 6, connecting rod 7, push pedal 11 resets right, and let ejection rod 13, inserted bar 12 separates with the board 8 that sieves gradually, the board 8 that sieves is static gradually, and push pedal 11 resets the in-process right, connecting rod 7 triggers normally open switch 22 once more, electro-magnet 20 cuts off the power supply, baffle 17 retracts in sliding tray 16 under the effect of second elastic component 19 restoring force, thereby open discharge opening 18, the tung nut moves push pedal 11 and sieves between the board 8 from discharge opening 18 once more, so that carry out subsequent extrusion, sieve out the process.
After the tung oil fruits are extruded by a plurality of groups of push plates 11, a plurality of groups of flexible openings 9 of the sieve plate 8 are screened and a plurality of groups of first spray heads 25 are washed, the peels and the tung oil seeds are basically completely separated, basically only the tung oil seeds are left after being conveyed to the left side of the box body 1, the tung oil seeds are discharged from the discharge port 3 and fall onto a draining net 29 of a collecting groove 28 and are washed again by water sprayed by a second spray head, the washed water and the washed peels pass through the draining net 29 and flow to a water outlet, and the tung oil seeds are left on the draining net 29.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in this embodiment, during the fermentation process, the pile is turned for 2-3 times, preferably 3 times, and the pile turning is performed manually, specifically: turning the fermentation raw materials once every 6-9 days from the moment of putting the fermentation raw materials into the fermentation tank, preferably 7 days, wherein the first and second specific turning time is subject to the condition that the temperature in the fermentation tank reaches 50 ℃ and lasts for more than 3 days, the turning process needs to be uniform and thorough, and the bottom layer materials are turned into the middle upper part; and (3) replenishing water into the fermentation tank to keep constant humidity while turning the pile.
By adopting the manual pile turning mode, the pile turning is carried out for 2-3 times, and the tung nutshells and other fermentation raw materials can be mixed more uniformly, so that the fermentation is more fully carried out. Because the tung oil tree shell needs sufficient moisture in the fermentation process, the moisture is supplemented into the fermentation tank in time, and the fermentation of the tung oil tree shell can be ensured to be more sufficient.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: screening tung nutshells: the screening of the tung nutshells comprises the following processes:
a. retting the picked tung oil tree fruits to soften and thoroughly decompose the peels;
b. pouring the tung oil tree fruits with softened and thoroughly decomposed peels into a primary screening device, and extruding and stripping the tung oil tree fruits by utilizing a plurality of extrusion sections of the primary screening device to extrude tung oil tree seeds;
c. pushing the pressed and peeled tung oil tree fruits to extrude from the flexible opening which can allow tung oil tree seeds to pass through, pressing and peeling the tung oil tree fruits again by utilizing the flexible opening, and conveying the tung oil tree fruits to the next pressing section;
d. stirring the tung oil tree fruits in the extrusion section to enhance the friction effect between the tung oil tree fruits and ensure that the peel and the tung oil tree seeds are more easily separated;
e. spraying and washing the tung oil tree fruits in the extrusion section to wash the peeled and softened and matured fruit peels down;
f. extruding and stripping the oil tung seeds by a plurality of extruding sections to obtain the oil tung seeds;
g. breaking the tung oil tree seeds by using a shell breaking machine, and separating tung oil tree shells from kernels to obtain tung oil tree shells;
step two: crushing: crushing the tung nutshells for later use;
step three: soaking: soaking the crushed tung nutshells in water to ensure that the tung nutshells fully absorb water;
step four: fermentation: putting the tung nutshell serving as one of fermentation raw materials into a fermentation tank for fermentation;
step five: obtaining a primary product: after the fermentation is finished, discharging the liquid in the fermentation tank to obtain a primary product.
2. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the process a, the time for retting the tung oil tree fruit is 25-35 days.
3. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in process d, the stirring speed is 4-80 rpm.
4. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the process e, the washed peel is collected and drained in time.
5. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after process f, a re-rinse process is added: and cleaning and draining the obtained tung seeds again.
6. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after the rinsing process again, a drying process in the shade was added: and (4) placing the drained tung seeds in a cool and ventilated place for 1-3 days, and drying in the shade.
7. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, 2-3 times of pile turning is carried out in the fermentation process.
8. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 7, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the pile turning adopts manual pile turning, and the specific method comprises the following steps: turning the fermentation raw materials once every 6-9 days from the fermentation tank, wherein the first and second specific turning time is based on that the temperature in the fermentation tank reaches 50 ℃ and lasts for more than 3 days, the turning process must be uniform and thorough, and the bottom materials are turned into the middle-upper part.
9. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) replenishing water into the fermentation tank to keep constant humidity while turning the pile.
10. The method for preparing the liquid organic fertilizer by using the tung nutshells as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after the fifth step, adding a filtering step: and filtering, precipitating and separating the primary product to obtain a finished product.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114101023A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 陈旭辉 | Tea fruit shell shelling device for classified screening |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114101023A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 陈旭辉 | Tea fruit shell shelling device for classified screening |
| CN114101023B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-12-29 | 桂阳县绿之源生态农业发展有限公司 | Tea fruit shell shelling device for classified screening |
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