CN110949692B - Mechanical separation mechanism and mechanical separation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanical separation mechanism and a mechanical separation system, belongs to the technical field of aerospace, and solves the problems that the existing separation mechanism using initiating explosive devices to complete separation is high in cost, poor in safety and incapable of being reused. The mechanical separating mechanism includes: the locking rod, the elastic piece, the fixed seat, the locking handle and the rocker arm; the locking rod penetrates through the first separation body and the second separation body, and an elastic piece in a compression state is arranged between the locking rod and the first separation body; the fixed seat is fixed with the second separation body; the rocker arm is hinged with the fixed seat; the middle part of the lock handle is hinged with the fixed seat, a first end of the lock handle and the lock rod form a first limit structure, and a second end of the lock handle and one end of the rocker arm form a second limit structure; the first limiting structure can prevent the lock rod from being separated from the lock handle; the second limiting structure can prevent the lock handle from swinging. The invention does not need initiating explosive device, can realize bidirectional unlocking separation, and is safe and reliable.

Description

Mechanical separation mechanism and mechanical separation system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace, in particular to a mechanical separation mechanism and a mechanical separation system.

Background

The function of the separation device is to reliably connect two parts to be separated before the separation action is executed, unlocking can be quickly realized when a separation command is received, and the separation power can be provided when the separation device is unlocked.

The separation points are divided into point separation and linear separation according to whether the separation points are continuous or not.

The separation points of the point separation are distributed on the separation surfaces of the two bodies in a multi-point mode, mainly explosive bolts and the like exist, generally, the single-point bearing capacity is low, a plurality of point separation devices need to be installed to improve the connection rigidity, and the reliability is reduced due to the excessive separation devices.

The separation points of the linear separation are linearly and continuously distributed on the separation surfaces of the two bodies, and mainly comprise a cutting rope separation device, an expansion pipe-groove plate separation device, an air bag separation device, a mechanical separation device and the like. The connecting device has the advantages of strong bearing capacity, high reliability, continuous connection rigidity and the like. But has the defects of large separation impact, inconvenient disassembly and the like.

Existing linear separation devices, such as: the cutting rope separating device, the expansion pipe-groove plate separating device and the air bag separating device contain initiating explosive devices, are disposable, and have high cost and high requirements on installation operators in initiating explosive operation.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above analysis, the present invention is directed to provide a mechanical separation mechanism and a mechanical separation system, so as to solve the problems of high cost, poor safety and incapability of recycling when the conventional separation mechanism uses initiating explosive devices to complete separation.

The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:

the technical scheme of the invention provides a mechanical separating mechanism, which comprises: the locking rod, the elastic piece, the fixed seat, the locking handle and the rocker arm;

the locking rod penetrates through the first separation body and the second separation body, and an elastic piece in a compression state is arranged between the locking rod and the first separation body; the fixed seat is fixed with the second separation body; the rocker arm is hinged with the fixed seat; the middle part of the lock handle is hinged with the fixed seat, a first end of the lock handle and the lock rod form a first limit structure, and a second end of the lock handle and one end of the rocker arm form a second limit structure;

the first limiting structure can prevent the lock rod from being separated from the lock handle;

the second limiting structure can prevent the lock handle from swinging.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the rocker arm is a rigid rod, and the middle part of the rocker arm is hinged with the fixed seat; the first end of the rocker arm and the second end of the lock handle form a second limiting structure, and the second end of the rocker arm is hinged with the pull rod; the pull rod is hinged with the starting mechanism; the starting mechanism can pull the rocker arm through the pull rod to enable the rocker arm to rotate.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the second limit structure comprises a sliding part and a limit part which mutually apply pressure; the sliding part is arranged at the first end of the rocker arm and comprises a sliding surface, the sliding surface is a curved surface, and the sliding radius of the sliding surface is limited by the maximum distance from all points on the sliding surface to the hinged position of the rocker arm and the fixed seat; the limiting part is arranged on the second end of the lock handle and comprises a limiting surface, the limiting surface is an arc surface, and the radius of the limiting surface is equal to the sliding radius of the sliding surface;

the limiting part is pressed on the sliding part.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the sliding part can slide relative to the limiting part and is separated from the limiting part.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the first limiting structure comprises a limiting block and a stopping part, the limiting block is arranged on one side of the lock rod positioned on the second separation body, and the stopping part is arranged at the first end of the lock handle.

According to the technical scheme, the first separation body and the second separation body are provided with through holes with the same position and size, and the limiting blocks can pass through the through holes.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the torque applied to the lock handle by the rocker arm through the second limiting structure is opposite to the torque applied to the lock handle by the lock rod through the second limiting structure.

The technical scheme of the invention also provides a mechanical separation system which comprises a plurality of mechanical separation structures, wherein the mechanical separation structures are the mechanical separation structures, connecting rods of all the mechanical separation structures can be connected into coaxial rigid rods, and the rigid rods are connected with the starting mechanism.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the starting mechanism comprises a starting mechanism and a telescopic part; the starting mechanism can drive the free end of the telescopic part to stretch; the free end of the telescopic part is hinged with the pull rod;

in the technical scheme of the invention, the starting mechanism is a motor or a piston driven by hydraulic pressure, and the telescopic part is fixedly connected with the piston.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the starting mechanism is operated by remote control or electric control.

The technical scheme of the invention can at least realize one of the following effects:

1. the invention abandons the use of initiating explosive devices with poor safety as necessary components for realizing the separation of the separating mechanism, and the whole device adopts a mechanical structure to realize the locking and the separation of the separating mechanism, thereby being safe and reliable and greatly reducing the operation risk of workers.

2. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the first limit structure and the second limit structure, the whole mechanical structure can be unlocked in two directions, and the whole structure can be unlocked no matter which direction the pull rod is pulled.

3. The invention adopts the form of a mechanical connecting rod, the mechanism has simple structure, and the locking rod can play a role of alignment after penetrating through the first separating body and the second separating body besides the function of locking and separating.

In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.

Drawings

The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.

FIG. 1-1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art configuration of the present invention;

FIGS. 1-2 are schematic diagrams of a prior art separation state of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an unlocking process in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a separated state in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the separated state in example 2 of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of the locking state in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a state of motion of a connecting rod swing arm according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of example 3 of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the unlocking device in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

11-explosive cord; 22-flat tubes; 33-an explosive product; 44-a separation plate; 55-isolate; 66-screws; 101-a rocker arm; 102-a connecting rod; 103-a lock handle; 104-locking bar; 105-an elastic member; 106-a fixed seat; 107-a bullet block; 108-a reset configuration; 109-a mounting plate; 110-a first magnet; 111-a second magnet; 112-a telescopic rod; 113-a connector; 114-mounting seat.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.

Existing separation mechanisms typically employ an expansion tube-groove plate separation device.

As shown in fig. 1-1 and 1-2, the expansion pipe-groove plate separation device is composed of an explosive cord 11, flat pipes 22, filler, a separation plate 44 and a separation body 55.

When the two separating bodies 55 need to be separated, the detonator detonators detonate the explosive cable 11, the explosive cable 11 generates detonation energy and corresponding explosive products 33, the flat tubes 22 expand and expand under the action of the detonation energy and the explosive products 33 and deform into round tubes, namely, the transverse dimension is increased, and shearing force is applied to the separating plates 44 with the prefabricated weakening groove gaps, so that the separating plates 44 are broken and separated at the weakening grooves, and the two separating bodies 55 are separated. This device presents several distinct disadvantages: firstly, because the device needs the separating plate 44 to break at the weakening groove, the whole device can only be used as a disposable device, which wastes materials and has higher cost; secondly, although the explosion products 33 and fragments generated by explosion are sealed in the flat tube, the flat tube 22 is easily damaged by high-pressure gas generated by explosion, so that the separation body 55 is accidentally injured or the environment is polluted; thirdly, because the initiating explosive device is needed to be used as a key structure for realizing separation, harsh safety conditions exist in the filling, storage and transportation of the initiating explosive device, and the use risk of the device is increased; fourthly, because the flat tube 22 is arranged between the two separating bodies 55, the separating plate 44 is easily broken by the change of the relative position of the separating bodies 55 to cause false triggering to the separating device, so a fixing device must be arranged, the two separating bodies 55 need to be fixedly connected in a suspended mode without knowing direct contact connection, the difficulty is high, the separating plate 44 and the separating bodies 55 need to be fixedly connected through the screws 66, and the structure is complex.

The embodiment of the invention overcomes the defects of the existing separation device, abandons the use of initiating explosive devices, adopts a mechanical structure to realize the locking function and the separation function, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, can be repeatedly used, has small separation impact, low cost and good safety without initiating explosive devices.

Example 1

Specifically, an embodiment of the present invention provides a separation device, where the separation device includes: a lock rod 104, an elastic piece 105, a fixed seat 106, a lock handle 103 and a rocker arm 101; the locking bar 104 passes through the first and second separation bodies; an elastic piece 105 in a compression state is arranged between the lock rod 104 and the first separation body, or an elastic piece 105 in a stretching state is arranged between the lock rod 104 and the second separation body; the fixing seat 106 is fixed with the second separation body; the rocker arm 101 is hinged with a fixed seat 106; the middle part of the lock handle 103 is hinged with the fixed seat 106, a first limit structure is formed by the first end of the lock handle 103 and the lock rod 104, and a second limit structure is formed by the second end of the lock handle 103 and one end of the rocker arm 101; the first limit structure can prevent the lock rod 104 from separating from the lock handle 103; the second limit structure can prevent the lock lever 103 from swinging.

In the embodiment of the invention, the first separation body and the second separation body are directly contacted and connected, the locking rod 104 penetrates through the two separation bodies, when the locking rod 104 is pulled out, the two separation bodies can be separated, and the locking rod 104 penetrates through the first separation body and the second separation body, so that the first separation body and the second separation body can be connected and fixed, and in addition, the alignment function is also realized. The torque applied to the latch lever 103 by the rocker arm 101 through the second limit formation is in the opposite direction to the torque applied to the latch lever 103 by the latch lever 104 through the second limit formation. When the embodiment of the invention is in a locking state, the rocker arm 101 is kept still, the relative position of the lock handle 103 can be kept unchanged through the first limit structure and the second limit structure, and the lock rod 104 can also be kept still through the thrust of the elastic piece 105 and the acting force of the first limit structure because the elastic piece 105 is in a compression state, so that the locking of the whole device is realized. When the unlocking is performed in the embodiment of the present invention, the rocker arm 101 swings under the control of the external force, the second limit structure is separated, so that the lock handle 103 rotates under the action of the first limit structure until the first limit structure is separated, and the lock rod 104 is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body under the action of the elastic member 105, thereby completing the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body. The whole process is safe and reliable, the corresponding speed is high, initiating explosive devices are not needed, no waste is generated, and the method is safe and environment-friendly.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the rocker arm 101 is required to be connected with the starting mechanism as a key for starting the separation of the present invention. Specifically, the rocker arm 101 is a rigid rod, and the middle part of the rocker arm 101 is hinged with the fixed seat 106; a first end of the rocker arm 101 and a second end of the lock handle 103 form a second limiting structure, and the second end of the rocker arm 101 is hinged with the connecting rod 102; the connecting rod 102 is hinged with the starting mechanism; the starting mechanism can pull the rocker arm 101 through the connecting rod 102, so that the rocker arm 101 rotates, the second limiting structure is separated, the lock handle 103 rotates until the first limiting structure is separated, the lock rod 104 is pulled out from the space between the first separation body and the second separation body, and the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body is completed.

Considering that the rocker arm 101 may slightly swing in the case where the embodiment of the present invention vibrates as a whole, it is necessary to prevent false triggering of the swing-to caused by this. In the embodiment of the invention, the second limiting structure comprises a sliding part and a limiting part which mutually apply pressure; the sliding part is arranged at the first end of the rocker arm 101 and comprises a sliding surface which is a curved surface, and the sliding radius of the sliding surface is limited by the maximum distance from all points on the sliding surface to the hinged part of the rocker arm 101 and the fixed seat 106; the limiting part is arranged at the second end of the lock handle 103 and comprises a limiting surface, the limiting surface is an arc surface, and the radius of the limiting surface is equal to the sliding radius of the sliding surface; the limiting part is pressed on the sliding part. The limiting part and the sliding part are pressed together, and the second limiting structure can apply enough locking force to the lock handle 103. Set up spacing face into the radius of arc surface and spacing face and the slip radius of glide plane equal for when rocking arm 101 rotates certain small angle, the relative initial position in position of spacing portion still remains unchanged even relative spacing portion slides, even rocking arm 101 takes place slight swing promptly, also can not make the separation of second limit structure, has prevented that whole device from triggering by mistake because of the vibration. The sliding surface and the limiting surface can adopt point contact, line contact and surface contact, but considering that the point contact and the line contact can cause pitting corrosion or excessive wear, the embodiment of the invention adopts a surface contact mode, namely the sliding surface of the sliding part and the limiting surface of the limiting part are arc surfaces with equal radius. Furthermore, the limiting part and the sliding part are both arc plates so as to save the material consumption of the whole device.

The relative slip takes place for sliding part and spacing portion along with the rotation of rocking arm 101, when the turned angle of rocking arm 101 reached the preset critical value, sliding part slipped from the spacing face of circular arc of spacing portion, realize breaking away from of sliding part and spacing portion, the breaking away from of the spacing portion of second promptly, thereby make lock handle 103 rotate under first limit structure's effect, until first limit structure separation, locking lever 104 is taken out from between first separation body and the second separation body under the effect of elastic component 105, accomplish the separation of first separation body and second separation body. Can prevent that rocking arm 101 from shaking because of whole device and the spurious triggering, can rotate to critical angle at rocking arm 101 again after, trigger immediately, realize the separation of true first separation body and second separation body, not only safe and reliable possesses very fast response speed moreover.

In the embodiment of the invention, the starting mechanism comprises a starting mechanism and a telescopic part; the starting mechanism can drive the free end of the telescopic part to stretch; the free end of the telescopic part is hinged to a connecting rod 102. The free end of the telescopic part is opened and controlled to stretch through the starting structure, so that the connecting rod 102 is driven to move, the rocker arm 101 is driven to rotate, the first limiting structure is separated, the locking rod 104 is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body under the action of the elastic piece 105, and the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body is completed.

In the embodiment of the invention, the starting mechanism adopts a piston structure driven by a motor or hydraulic pressure, and the telescopic part is fixedly connected with the piston structure; the actuating mechanism is operated by remote control or electric control. So that the starting mechanism has a faster response speed.

In the embodiment of the invention, the first limit structure can be realized by adopting the same structure as the second limit structure, but considering that the second limit structure has the function of preventing false triggering, if the same function is arranged on the first limit structure, the structural and functional redundancy exists, and the complexity and the production cost of the whole structure are increased. Therefore, the first limiting structure in the embodiment of the present invention is designed to have a simplified structure as the end point of the first priority.

First limit structure has set up three kinds of forms:

form one

The first limiting structure comprises a limiting block and a stopping portion, the limiting block is arranged on one side of the locking rod 104 located in the second separation body, and the stopping portion is arranged at the first end of the locking handle 103. The stopper is for being equipped with the block structure of recess, and backstop portion is cubic or platelike, and backstop portion can block on the recess of stopper, and when lock handle 103 rotated, backstop portion was deviate from the recess of stopper, realizes the separation of first limit structure. The size of the stopper is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the locking rod 104 to facilitate the locking rod 104 to be disengaged from the first separation body and the second separation body.

Form two

The first limiting structure comprises a limiting block and a stopping portion, the limiting block is arranged on one side of the locking rod 104 located in the second separation body, and the stopping portion is arranged at the first end of the locking handle 103. The stopper adopts cubic or platelike structure, is equipped with the recess on the backstop portion, and the stopper can block on the recess of backstop portion, rotates as lock handle 103, and the stopper is deviate from the recess of backstop portion, realizes first limit structure's separation. The size of the stopper is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the locking rod 104 to facilitate the locking rod 104 to be disengaged from the first separation body and the second separation body.

Form III

The first limiting structure comprises a limiting block and a stopping portion, the limiting block is arranged on one side of the locking rod 104 located in the second separation body, and the stopping portion is arranged at the first end of the locking handle 103. Be equipped with the pinhole on the stopper, be equipped with the pin on the backstop portion, the pin is connected with lock handle 103 through both ends articulated connecting rod, and the pin can insert the pinhole, rotate as lock handle 103, extract the pin from the pinhole through the connecting rod, realize the separation of first limit structure, both ends can guarantee that the pin can be followed the axis direction and extracted from the pinhole with pin and lock handle 103 articulated connecting rod 102 respectively, can not make the pin cause the damage because of the shearing force, it is required to explain, if the degree of depth that the pin inserted the pinhole is not big, can omit the connecting rod, can be with neglecting the shearing force of the pinhole that the change of pin angle leads to the pin.

In order to allow the lock rod 104 to be smoothly pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first separation body and the second separation body are provided with through holes having the same position and size, the limiting block can pass through the through holes, and the original length of the elastic member 105 should be greater than or equal to the length of the lock rod 104.

In order to simplify the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention, in the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic member 105 is a spring sleeved on the lock rod 104, one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the end of the lock rod 104 through a baffle, and the other end of the spring is in contact with the first separation body, so as to complete the compression of the spring.

Considering that the embodiment of the invention is used in the technical field of aerospace, if the separated parts of the separating device are easy to damage other equipment such as a spacecraft, the parts falling from high altitude can also threaten personnel and articles on the bottom surface. In the embodiment of the invention, the baffle is fixed with the end part of the lock rod 104, one end of the spring is fixed with the baffle, and the other end of the spring is fixed with the first separation body. After the whole device is separated, the lock rod 104 and the spring are connected with the first separation body, other parts are connected with the second separation body along with the fixed seat 106, no flying parts exist, and the safety of the embodiment of the invention is improved.

For convenience of explanation, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, clockwise, counterclockwise, up, down, left and right are all referred to fig. 2 to 4, but the actual orientation and direction of the embodiment of the present invention are not necessarily the same as those of fig. 2.

When the separation is performed in the embodiment of the invention, the starting mechanism pulls the connecting rod 102 leftwards, the connecting rod 102 drives the rocker arm 101 to rotate clockwise, the limiting part and the sliding part slide relatively until the sliding part slips from the right side of the limiting part, the second limiting structure is separated, the lock handle 103 rotates clockwise under the action of the first limiting structure until the first limiting structure is separated, the lock rod 104 moves upwards under the action of the spring and is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body, and the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body is realized.

In the embodiment of the invention, when separation is performed, the starting mechanism can also pull the connecting rod 102 rightwards, the connecting rod 102 drives the rocker arm 101 to rotate anticlockwise, the limiting part and the sliding part slide relatively until the sliding part slips from the left side of the limiting part, the second limiting structure is separated, the lock handle 103 rotates clockwise under the action of the first limiting structure until the first limiting structure is separated, the lock rod 104 moves upwards under the action of the spring and is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body, and the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body is realized.

Example 2

The first and second bodies typically have flange-like connections, allowing the locking bar 104 to pass over the first and second bodies from outside the connection. According to the structure of the embodiment 1, the embodiment of the present invention is further improved to be more suitable for arranging the first separation body and the second separation body with flange structures at the connection positions, and it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the shape and the structure of part of the components of the embodiment 1 are improved, so that the improved components have other functions and advantages besides the functions and advantages in the embodiment 1, and specifically, the following steps are performed:

as shown in fig. 5 to 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a mechanical release mechanism based on a rocker link, including: the fixing seat 106, the lock handle 103, the mounting plate 109, the elastic piece 105, the rocker arm 101, the connecting rod 102 and the elastic block 107; the fixing seat 106 is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the mounting plate 109 is fixedly connected with the second separation body; the lock handle 103 is hinged with a fixed seat 106, the rocker arm 101 is hinged with the fixed seat 106, the elastic block 107 is hinged with the rocker arm 101, and the connecting rod 102 is hinged with the rocker arm 101; the elastic piece 105 is connected with the lock handle 103 and the fixed seat 106, the elastic block 107 and the lock handle 103 form a limiting structure, and the elastic piece 105 is in a stretching state; the hinge shaft of the lock handle 103 and the fixed seat 106 and the hinge shaft of the elastic block 107 and the rocker arm 101 are both parallel to the first direction; the hinge shaft of the rocker arm 101 and the fixed seat 106 and the hinge shaft of the connecting rod 102 and the rocker arm 101 are parallel to the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. In order to facilitate the transmission direction control of the whole device, the relative rotation which can occur to all the components is limited to be orthogonal by the first direction and the second direction in the embodiment of the invention.

In the embodiment of the invention, the structure of the lock handle 103 and the lock rod 104 is improved, the installation plate 109 is provided with the lock rod 104, and the lock handle 103 is provided with a hook part which can hook the lock rod 104. The lock lever 104 is disposed to cross the lock shafts of the first and second separation bodies through the mounting plate 109, the lock shafts being parallel to the connection surfaces of the first and second separation bodies, and the axis of the lock lever 104 is parallel to the first direction in consideration that the lock lever 103 can be hooked to the lock lever 104.

In order to improve the locking effect, in the embodiment of the invention, the elastic block 107 is arranged between the lock handle 103 and the rocker arm 101, so that the indirect limit is realized. The elastic block 107 is hinged with the rocker arm 101 through a first pin shaft; a bidirectional limiting structure is arranged between the spring block 107 and the rocker arm 101, and the rotation of the spring block 107 is limited within a certain angle range. The rocker arm 101 is provided with a reset structure 108, the reset structure 108 applies acting force to the elastic block 107, so that the bidirectional limiting structure is in a limit limiting state, namely the reset structure 108 can press the elastic block 107 on the rocker arm 101.

The spring block 107 is provided with a limiting through groove, and the lock handle 103 is provided with a limiting part; spacing portion includes plane portion and cambered surface portion, and plane portion forms limit structure with the lateral wall that spacing led to the groove, and the cambered surface portion can make spacing portion slide in spacing leading to the groove, and when cambered surface portion and bullet piece 107 took place the relative slip, the action moment direction that cambered surface portion applyed bullet piece 107 and reset structure 108 were to the opposite direction of the action moment that bullet piece 107 was applyed. When the elastic block 107 is pressed on the rocker arm 101 by the reset structure 108, the limiting through groove can limit and lock the limiting part of the lock handle 103, so that the lock handle 103 can keep a state of hooking the lock rod 104, and the first separation body and the second separation body are fixed.

In order to release the lock handle 103 from the elastic block 107, in the embodiment of the present invention, the swing arm 101 is hinged to the fixed seat 106 through a second pin; the limiting through groove is a fan-shaped groove, and the axis of the fan-shaped groove is overlapped with the axis of the second pin shaft. When the rocker arm 101 swings, the elastic block 107 swings along with the rocker arm 101, and the limiting through groove and the limiting part slide relatively until the limiting part slips from the openings at the two ends of the limiting through groove, so that the lock handle 103 rotates under the action of the elastic piece 105 and releases the lock rod 104.

In consideration of the application of the embodiment of the invention to the field of aerospace, the weight of the whole structure needs to be reduced as much as possible, in the embodiment of the invention, the reset structure 108 is a bent elastic sheet, one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the rocker arm 101, and the other end or the bent part of the elastic sheet abuts against the elastic block 107.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the link 102 is parallel to the first direction, and the link 102 keeps translating when moving, that is, the axis of the link 102 is always parallel to the first direction. The elastic member 105 is a spring, one end of the spring is connected with the fixing seat 106, and the other end is connected with the lock handle 103.

As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the working process of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:

when in locking:

the lock handle 103 is in an open state under the action of the elastic piece 105, and when the first separation body is close to the second separation body, the lock rod 104 firstly enters the hook-shaped part of the lock handle 103; along with further approaching, locking lever 104 promotes the lock handle 103 and rotates, and the hook portion detains locking lever 104 gradually, at this moment, rotatory lock handle 103 passes through the cambered surface portion of spacing portion and the slip of bullet piece 107, promote bullet piece 107 and overcome the effect of reset structure 108 and rotate, it is spacing logical inslot to block into to spacing portion card, bullet piece 107 descends lock handle 103 lock at the effect of reset structure 108 and dies, hook portion detains locking lever 104 completely, and lock handle 103 realizes the reverse lock of lock handle 103 under the effect of elastic component 105 and dies, and then make whole device lock completely, first separation body and second separation body are compressed tightly and fixed connection together.

During separation:

the connecting rod 102 translates under the action of external force to drive the rocker arm 101 to rotate, and at the moment, the limiting part slides in the limiting through groove; when the rocker arm 101 rotates to a certain angle, the limiting part slips from the limiting through groove, the lock handle 103 rotates under the action of the elastic piece 105, so that the lock rod 104 can be separated from the hook part, the whole device is completely separated, and the first separation body and the second separation body can be separated.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a mechanical separation system, which includes a mechanical separation unit and an unlocker; the mechanical separation unit is the mechanical separation mechanism of embodiment 2; the mechanical separation units are provided with a plurality of connecting rods 102, and the connecting rods 102 of all the mechanical separation units can be sequentially and coaxially connected, or the connecting rods 102 of the mechanical separation units are of a coaxial integrated structure; the unlocking device is of a telescopic structure, and the telescopic end of the unlocking device is connected with the connecting rod 102 of the mechanical separation unit and can drive the connecting rod 102 to move in a translation mode. In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of mechanical separating mechanisms are connected in series and controlled by the same connecting rod 102, so that the starting control of all the mechanical separating mechanisms by a single starting source is realized, the structure is simple, the real-time synchronization is realized, and the corresponding speed is high.

Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention also defines the structure of the unlocking device, and the unlocking device comprises: the telescopic rod 112, the spring, the first magnet 110, the second magnet 111, the mounting seat 114 and the connecting piece 113; the mounting seat 114 is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the second magnet 111 is connected with the mounting seat 114; a connecting part is arranged at the fixed end of the telescopic rod 112, the connecting part is fixedly connected with the first magnet 110, and the free end of the telescopic rod 112 passes through the mounting seat 114 and the second magnet 111 and is connected with the connecting rod 102 through a connecting part 113; one end of the spring is connected with the connecting part, the other end of the spring is connected with the mounting seat 114, and the spring is in a compressed state; at least one of the first magnet 110 and the second magnet 111 is an electromagnet. The whole unlocking structure is separated through an electromagnetic mode, so that initiating explosive devices are avoided, the whole unlocking structure adopts a mechanical structure to realize locking and separation of the separating mechanism, safety and reliability are realized, and the operation risk of workers is greatly reduced.

It is to be noted that; at least one of the first magnet 110 and the second magnet 111 is an electromagnet, and the other magnet can be either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet, and the extension or retraction of the telescopic rod 112 from the mounting seat 114 is realized through the mutual attraction or repulsion of magnetic poles; the mounting seat 114 may also be fixedly connected to the fixing seat 106, so long as the unlocking device can drive the connecting rod 102 to translate relative to the fixing seat 106.

Since the connecting rod 102 is hinged to the rocker arm 101, the moving mode of the connecting rod 102 is a translation of a circular arc path, not an axial or radial movement, so in the embodiment of the present invention, the connecting member 113 includes a sliding chute and a sliding block; the chute is fixedly connected with the free end of the telescopic rod 112, and the slide block is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 102; the slider can slide in the chute in a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction. The function of the sliding groove and the sliding block can enable the telescopic rod 112 to apply acting force to the connecting rod 102 to enable the connecting rod 102 to move, and the sliding groove and the sliding block slide relatively to each other to avoid interference of the connecting piece 113 on movement of the connecting rod 102.

In summary, the embodiments of the present invention provide a mechanical separation mechanism and a mechanical separation system, the present invention abandons the use of an initiating explosive device with poor safety as a necessary component for realizing separation of the separation mechanism, and the whole device adopts a mechanical structure to realize locking and separation of the separation mechanism, so that the present invention is safe and reliable, and greatly reduces the operation risk of the working personnel; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the first limit structure and the second limit structure, the whole mechanical structure can be unlocked in two directions, and the whole structure can be unlocked no matter which direction the pull rod is pulled; the invention adopts the form of a mechanical connecting rod, the mechanism has simple structure, and the locking rod can play a role of alignment after penetrating through the first separating body and the second separating body besides the function of locking and separating.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A mechanical disconnect mechanism, the mechanical disconnect mechanism comprising: the locking device comprises a locking rod (104), an elastic piece (105), a fixed seat (106), a locking handle (103) and a rocker arm (101);

the lock rod (104) penetrates through the first separation body and the second separation body, and an elastic piece (105) in a compression state is arranged between the lock rod (104) and the first separation body; the fixed seat (106) is fixed with the second separation body; the rocker arm (101) is hinged with the fixed seat (106); the middle part of the lock handle (103) is hinged with the fixed seat (106), a first end of the lock handle (103) and the lock rod (104) form a first limiting structure, and a second end of the lock handle (103) and one end of the rocker arm (101) form a second limiting structure;

the first limiting structure can prevent the lock rod (104) from being separated from the lock handle (103);

the second limiting structure can prevent the lock handle (103) from swinging.

2. Mechanical disconnecting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the rocker arm (101) is a rigid rod and the middle part of the rocker arm (101) is hinged to the fixed seat (106); a first end of the rocker arm (101) and a second end of the lock handle (103) form a second limiting structure, and the second end of the rocker arm (101) is hinged with the pull rod (102); the pull rod (102) is hinged with the starting mechanism; the starting mechanism can pull the rocker arm (101) through a pull rod (102) to enable the rocker arm (101) to rotate.

3. The mechanical disconnect mechanism of claim 2, wherein the second limit structure comprises a slide portion and a limit portion that exert pressure on each other; the sliding part is arranged at the first end of the rocker arm (101), the sliding part comprises a sliding surface, the sliding surface is a curved surface, and the sliding radius of the sliding surface is defined by the maximum distance from all points on the sliding surface to the hinged part of the rocker arm (101) and the fixed seat (106); the limiting part is arranged at the second end of the lock handle (103), the limiting part comprises a limiting surface, the limiting surface is an arc surface, and the radius of the limiting surface is equal to the sliding radius of the sliding surface;

the limiting part is pressed on the sliding part.

4. The mechanical disconnect mechanism of claim 3, wherein the sliding portion is slidable relative to the limit stop portion and is disengaged from the limit stop portion.

5. The mechanical separating mechanism according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the first limiting structure comprises a limiting block and a stopping block, the limiting block is arranged on one side of the lock rod (104) located at the second separating body, and the stopping block is arranged at the first end of the lock handle (103);

the torque applied to the lock handle (103) by the rocker arm (101) through the second limiting structure is opposite to the torque applied to the lock handle (103) by the lock rod (104) through the second limiting structure.

6. The mechanical separating mechanism of claim 5, wherein the first separating body and the second separating body are provided with through holes with the same position and size, and the limiting blocks can pass through the through holes.

7. A mechanical separation system comprising a plurality of mechanical separation structures, wherein the mechanical separation structures are as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, and the connecting rods of all the mechanical separation structures can be connected as coaxial rigid rods connected to an actuating mechanism.

8. The mechanical separation system of claim 7, wherein the activation mechanism includes an activation mechanism and a telescoping section; the starting mechanism can drive the free end of the telescopic part to stretch; the free end of the telescopic part is hinged with the pull rod (102).

9. The mechanical separation system of claim 8, wherein the activation mechanism is an electric motor or a hydraulically driven piston, and the extension is fixedly connected to the piston.

10. The mechanical separation system of claim 9, wherein the activation mechanism operates by remote or electronic control.

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