CN110946663A - 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate and design method thereof - Google Patents
3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110946663A CN110946663A CN201911410888.5A CN201911410888A CN110946663A CN 110946663 A CN110946663 A CN 110946663A CN 201911410888 A CN201911410888 A CN 201911410888A CN 110946663 A CN110946663 A CN 110946663A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0093—Features of implants not otherwise provided for
- A61C8/0096—Implants for use in orthodontic treatment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
- A61C7/002—Orthodontic computer assisted systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
- A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
- A61C8/0089—Implanting tools or instruments
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate and a design method thereof. The invention integrates CBCT jaw bone data, three-dimensional dentition model and micro-CT scanned micro-implant nail data, and is more accurate compared with the method which only uses jaw bone data or does not use micro-implant nail data obtained by accurate scanning; the invention simultaneously determines the implantation position and the implantation direction of the micro implantation nail, so that the implantation nail is consistent with the design scheme, the implantation accuracy is improved, and the safety in the implantation process is ensured to the maximum extent; the micro-implant nail guide plate is divided into two parts, so that the problem that the guide plate is difficult to take out after the micro-implant nail is implanted is solved, and the guide plate is convenient to take out by using a metal ligature wire which is commonly used in clinic to ligature and fix; finally, the invention has simple and easy design, can be popularized in clinic and avoids the problem that the micro-implant nail touches the tooth root in the implantation process.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to a guide plate for orthodontics, in particular to a 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate and a design method thereof.
[ background of the invention ]
The implant anchorage is implanted into the alveolar bone by utilizing the biocompatibility of titanium to form partial or whole bone fusion so as to bear the correcting force and achieve the purpose of strengthening the anchorage. Since the implant anchorage does not substantially move in the alveolar bone and does not require a high degree of cooperation of the patient, the implant anchorage has been rapidly developed and spread since its clinical application in 1999. More and more orthodontists are continuously trying to apply implants as antibodies against moving teeth, so that the treatment result does not completely depend on the cooperation of patients, and the treatment is successful in some difficult cases which cannot achieve satisfactory effect by applying the conventional method, thereby opening up a new era of implant antigens.
In addition to the use of implants relying on osseointegration retention as anchorage, titanium alloys without surface treatment and stainless steel micro-implant nails (mini-srew) can also be used as orthodontic anchorage. The implant is generally in a screw shape, is mainly fixed by mechanical force after being screwed into bone tissues, can bear certain stress although not forming complete osseous combination with surrounding bone tissues, and can meet the requirement of orthodontic anchorage. At present, compared with other bone implant anchorage, the micro-screw implant has the advantages of small size, low price and simple and convenient operation and small damage, and in most cases, an orthodontist can independently complete the implant implantation and extraction without the help of a surgeon, so that the treatment cost can be effectively reduced. The device is theoretically suitable for all situations needing anchorage control, in particular to cases in which the anchorage control effect is difficult to achieve by applying traditional means, and patients who do not want to wear accessories such as extraoral arches, palatine bars and the like. The orthodontic treatment auxiliary device can be used for assisting in correcting orthodontic difficult cases and expanding the indications of orthodontic treatment, so that the orthodontic treatment auxiliary device wins the favor of more and more orthodontists.
Good stability is essential for the micro-implant to exert anchorage. However, in most cases, the implant area of the miniscrew implant is in the alveolar bone of the adjacent tooth roots on the buccal and palatal sides, and the implant damages the tooth roots during implantation, and the implant comes into contact with the tooth roots to cause problems such as reduction in stability, even falling off, entry into the maxillary sinus, or nerve damage. Factors that can cause the micro-implant to fall off include the proficiency of the orthodontist, the implantation method, the implant position, and the like. Most of the clinical failure cases occur in 3 months after the implantation, which indicates that the implantation has a great influence on the success rate. Clinical research shows that when the micro-implant is implanted, the tooth root is damaged, the implantation failure rate is 79.2%, the micro-implant is well implanted in the alveolar bone, and the failure rate is 8.3%. Therefore, in order to avoid as much as possible the micro-implants touching the root during implantation, the implantation position and angle of the micro-implants must be evaluated and measured in detail before implantation. There are two main methods for improving the stability of the micro-implant after implantation: firstly, the tapping-assisting drill bit is implanted by using a tapping-assisting mode, so that a strong resistance can be felt when the tapping-assisting drill bit initially enters the bone cortex, the resistance is reduced after the tapping-assisting drill bit penetrates through the bone cortex, if the resistance is felt to be strong, or the drill bit continuously rotates but cannot continuously enter the bone cortex, or the vibration of the drill bit is felt, the drill bit possibly touches the tooth root, the implantation angle and the direction need to be changed, and the drilling is implanted again; secondly, the distance between two tooth roots and the angle formed by the implantation of the micro-implant and the long axis of the tooth are judged by means of accurate positioning by means of assistance and combination of the shot X-ray film.
In recent years, three-dimensional software is applied, a micro-implant nail guide plate is designed according to cone beam CT and is manufactured by utilizing a rapid prototyping technology, and implant nail implantation is guided. The technology integrates data such as a three-dimensional dentition model, jaw CBCT and the like, and adopts a reverse engineering technology to design the implantation guide plate, so that the accurate implantation of the micro-implant nail becomes possible. At present, the technology of a foreign CAD/CAM implant guide plate has been developed for more than ten years, the precise implantation of the guide plate auxiliary implant is widely accepted, the domestic manufacture of the CAD/CAM guide plate still belongs to the starting stage, and the precision and the stability of the micro-implant need to be researched and verified due to the difference of implantation positions, sizes and the like.
The deficiency of the prior art
1. At present, the orthodontic micro-implant is implanted by a two-dimensional X-ray positioning direct implantation method. The biggest problems encountered are that generally only the implantation skill and experience of doctors can be used for judgment, the implantation position and the implantation angle of the micro-implant are not measured and evaluated finely, and the anatomical structure of an implantation area is lack of accurate knowledge, so that the stability after implantation is insufficient.
2. At present, orthodontists also use the anatomical structures in the mouth or the existing devices in the mouth to place metal wires, and then combine X-ray films to assist positioning. Still stay on the two-dimensional image basis, still there is not accurate reliable standard to the determination of implantation site position and direction, once the position that the doctor judged is improper or implantation method selection is improper, need relocate, take a picture again, perhaps even need take a plurality of X-ray films to judge the best implantation position, and the power consumption is consumed in time consuming, has increased treatment cost on the contrary.
3. At present, scholars reconstruct the tooth jaw shape by CBCT and design and manufacture a micro-implant operation guide plate to guide the implantation of the micro-implant, but because CBCT still can not reconstruct the accurate tooth and gum shape, the stability and the accuracy are insufficient.
4. At present, no design and manufacture system based on three-dimensional image foundation is specially applied to implantation of orthodontic micro-implants. The method is dependent on foreign processing design, has high cost and long manufacturing period, and needs to be improved when used for implanting the orthodontic micro-implant, but no better improvement scheme is provided at present; the other type is that the domestic scholars design and laser quickly form the required guide plate by using a series of related image processing and design software, the method uses the manufacturing process of the implant guide plate for reference, on one hand, the image acquisition and design process is complex, a plurality of three-dimensional image processing software are needed, on the other hand, the forming of the guide plate enables the contrast dental jaw CBCT three-dimensional image and the surface laser scanning three-dimensional image to be overlapped and registered by adopting external markers, the influence of the registration precision on the guiding implantation accuracy exists, the error is increased, the guide plate manufacturing step is more complicated, and the problems of sufficient retention and guiding of the guide plate during implantation cannot be well solved.
5. At present, compared with the prior art, when a virtual micro-implant implantation plan is made, the previous research can only use virtual columns to represent micro-implants and implantation directions thereof, and cannot display the position relationship between the micro-implants with real sizes and adjacent tooth roots in bones. The existing foreign modeling software system only comprises three-dimensional information of the implant, the implant is mostly in a column shape with a larger diameter, the orthodontic micro-implant is smaller in diameter and mostly in a cone shape, so that the existing implant three-dimensional data can not be used for representing the orthodontic micro-implant, only through a software system of a digital virtual micro-implant image containing several kinds of orthodontic anchorage micro-implants which are commonly used clinically, the position relation between the micro-implant and a dental jaw three-dimensional anatomical structure can be determined more accurately, and a scheme for simulating the implant implantation direction and depth more reasonably is formulated.
6. In the current research on the implantation accuracy of the digital guide plate, the implantation deviation is between 0.27mm and 1.80mm, and the sample size is small.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate and a design method thereof so as to achieve the aim of accurate implantation of orthodontic micro-implant nails in clinic.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
A3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate, comprising:
the dental surface retention plate comprises a far middle dental surface retention plate and a near middle dental surface retention plate which are spliced, and a splicing line of the far middle dental surface retention plate and the near middle dental surface retention plate is positioned in the center of the implantation position of the micro-implant nail of the patient;
the gum positioning plate comprises a far middle gum positioning plate and a near middle gum positioning plate which are spliced, and the splicing line of the far middle gum positioning plate and the near middle gum positioning plate is positioned in the center of the implantation position of the micro-implant nail of the patient;
the micro-implant nail implantation hole is formed in a splicing line of the far-middle gum retention plate and the near-middle gum retention plate, the micro-implant nail implantation hole is located at the micro-implant nail implantation position of a patient, and the center of the micro-implant nail implantation hole is located on the splicing line;
the handle guide pipeline is arranged on the micro-implant nail implantation hole, and the angle between the handle guide pipeline and the tooth surface retention plate is adapted to the implantation angle of the micro-implant nail of the patient; the handle guide pipeline and the micro-implant nail implantation hole are both cylindrical cavities and are coaxially arranged.
The micro-implant nail guide plate is further improved in that:
the tooth surface fixing plate, the gum fixing plate, the micro-implant nail implanting hole and the handle guide pipeline are all made by 3D printing.
The thickness of the tooth surface fixing plate and the thickness of the gum fixing plate are both 2-3 mm.
The part covered by the gingival retention plate stops 2-3mm from the gingival margin to the vestibular sulcus direction of the implantation position of the implantation nail.
The splicing line of the far and middle gum position-retaining plates and the near and middle gum position-retaining plates is provided with a serrated embedded part for increasing the position-retaining strength.
The distal tooth surface retention plate and the proximal tooth surface retention plate are bent inwards and horizontally to be attached to the teeth of the patient.
The inner diameters of the micro-implant nail implantation hole and the handle guide pipe are larger than the diameter of the micro-implant nail cap part.
The inner diameter of the handle guide pipeline is the diameter of the implanted handle, and the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter is only 4 mm.
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate, which comprises the following steps:
step 8, in three-dimensional design software, dividing the tooth surface retention plate and the gum retention plate into two parts from the vertical direction through the axis of the handle guide pipeline, and designing saw-toothed cracks at the positions of fracture lines at the gum retention plate and the handle guide pipeline; outputting two three-dimensional models;
and 9, printing the micro-implant nail guide plate by using a rapid prototyping technology, and finishing the manufacturing.
The method is further improved in that:
in the step 5, the height and the direction of the implantation position are designed according to the following method:
the height of the implantation position is 1-2 mm below the membrane-gingival junction, the height of the implantation position is measured on the three-dimensional dentition model, and the three-dimensional dentition model is marked on the integrated jaw bone CT model containing three-dimensional dentition data and is used as a reference in implantation;
the implantation direction evaluates the root-bone relationship and the bone quantity of the area of the patient to be implanted with the micro-implant nail from the vertical direction, the sagittal direction and the horizontal direction, the implantation direction is selected according to the evaluation result, the virtual micro-implant nail is implanted into the jaw bone from the three directions, the micro-implant nail is implanted into the jaw bone, and the cap part of the micro-implant nail is kept on the surface of the gum without touching the tooth root.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the jaw bone, the teeth, the gum and the micro-implant nail are integrated together, so that the method is more accurate compared with a method only using jaw bone data or not using micro-implant nail data; the invention simultaneously determines the implantation position and the implantation direction of the micro implantation nail, so that the implantation nail is consistent with the design scheme, the implantation accuracy is improved, and the safety in the implantation process is ensured to the maximum extent; the micro-implant nail guide plate is divided into two parts, so that the problem that the guide plate is difficult to take out after the micro-implant nail is implanted is solved, and the guide plate is convenient to take out by using a metal ligature wire which is commonly used in clinic to ligature and fix; finally, the invention has simple and easy design, can be popularized in clinic and avoids the problem that the micro-implant nail touches the tooth root in the implantation process.
[ description of the drawings ]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a micro-implant nail guide plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a micro-implant nail guide plate of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a top view of the micro-implant nail guide plate of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-distal facet retention plate; 2-mesial tooth surface retention plate; 3-a distal gingiva fixation plate; 4-mesial gum retention plate; 5-implanting a micro-implant nail into the hole; 6-handle guide pipe; 7-serration fitting.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Various structural schematics according to the disclosed embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated and possibly omitted for clarity of presentation. The shapes of various regions, layers and their relative sizes and positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, and deviations may occur in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and a person skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions, according to actual needs.
In the context of the present disclosure, when a layer/element is referred to as being "on" another layer/element, it can be directly on the other layer/element or intervening layers/elements may be present. In addition, if a layer/element is "on" another layer/element in one orientation, then that layer/element may be "under" the other layer/element when the orientation is reversed.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate of the invention comprises a tooth surface fixing plate, a gum fixing plate, a micro-implant nail implantation hole 5 and a handle guide pipe 6.
The dental surface retention plate comprises a far middle dental surface retention plate 1 and a near middle dental surface retention plate 2 which are spliced, and a splicing line of the far middle dental surface retention plate 1 and the near middle dental surface retention plate 2 is positioned in the center of the implantation position of the micro-implant nail of the patient; the gum position-retaining plate comprises a far middle gum position-retaining plate 3 and a near middle gum position-retaining plate 4 which are spliced, and the splicing line of the far middle gum position-retaining plate 3 and the near middle gum position-retaining plate 4 is positioned in the center of the implantation position of the micro-implant nail of the patient;
the micro-implant nail implantation hole 5 is formed on a splicing line of the far-middle gum retention plate 3 and the near-middle gum retention plate 4, the micro-implant nail implantation hole 5 is positioned at the micro-implant nail implantation position of a patient, and the center of the micro-implant nail implantation hole 5 is positioned on the splicing line; the handle guide pipe 6 is arranged on the micro-implant nail implantation hole 5, and the angle between the handle guide pipe 6 and the tooth surface retention plate is adapted to the implantation angle of the micro-implant nail of the patient; the handle guide pipe 6 and the micro-implant nail implantation hole 5 are both cylindrical cavities and are coaxially arranged.
The tooth surface fixing plate, the gum fixing plate, the micro-implant nail implanting hole 5 and the handle guide pipeline 6 are all made by 3D printing. The thickness of the tooth surface fixing plate and the thickness of the gum fixing plate are both 2-3 mm. The part covered by the gingival retention plate stops 2-3mm from the gingival margin to the vestibular sulcus direction of the implantation position of the implantation nail. The splicing line of the distal gingival retention plate 3 and the proximal gingival retention plate 4 is provided with a serrated embedded part 7 for increasing retention strength. The distal tooth surface retention plate 1 and the proximal tooth surface retention plate 2 are bent horizontally inwards at the ends and are attached to the teeth of the patient. The inner diameters of the micro-implant implantation hole 5 and the handle guide pipe 6 are larger than the diameter of the micro-implant cap part. The inner diameter of the handle guide tube 6 is the diameter of the implant handle, and the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter is only 4 mm.
Example (b):
this example illustrates a plan for implanting a micro-implant between the first and second premolar in the upper jaw. The micro-implant nail guide plate comprises a tooth surface fixing plate, a gum fixing plate and a micro-implant nail guiding implantation part, and is uniform in thickness and about 2-3mm in thickness. The tooth surface fixing plate comprises molars with tooth surfaces of far middle and near middle parts of a micro implant nail to be implanted, and the fixing parts are a first premolar, a second premolar and a first molars of upper jaw when the micro implant nail is planned to be implanted between the first premolar and the second premolar. The gingival retention plate comprises a stop part which is 2-3mm in the vestibular groove direction from the gingival margin to the implantation position of the micro-implant. The guiding part consists of two units, one part is a micro-implant nail implantation hole for guiding the implantation site of the micro-implant, and the other part is a handle guiding pipeline for guiding the implantation direction of the micro-implant and the implantation handle; the handle guide pipe and the micro-implant nail implanting hole are cylindrical cavities and coaxial, and the three parts jointly form a micro-implant nail guide plate. In order to be beneficial to the dislocation of the guide plate after the micro-implant nail is implanted, in three-dimensional design software, the pipeline and the micro-implant nail implantation hole are equally divided into two parts from the coaxial axis along the axial direction: the near-middle part of the micro-implant nail implantation hole and the far-middle part of the micro-implant nail implantation hole. The tooth surface retention plate is tightly attached to the tooth surface, and the gum retention plate is tightly attached to the gum. As shown in fig. 1 when viewed from the buccal side, and as shown in fig. 2 when viewed from the front to the back. Meanwhile, in order to increase the retention strength of the two guide plates after the two guide plates are divided into two parts, a jogged design is adopted, and a sawtooth-shaped jogged line in the bucco-lingual direction and the near-far-middle direction is designed on the fracture line of the gum retention plate and the guide pipeline, as shown in fig. 1 and 3.
The design method of the micro-implant nail guide plate in the embodiment is as follows:
And 2, scanning the mouth of the patient by using an intraoral scanner to obtain stl format data.
And 4, importing the three-dimensional dentition model and the CBCT of the patient into three-dimensional reconstruction software, and carrying out accurate registration to obtain the jaw bone CT model fused with the high-precision three-dimensional dentition data.
And 5, evaluating the root-bone relationship and the bone mass of the area to be implanted with the micro-implant nail of the patient from the vertical direction, the sagittal direction and the horizontal direction, selecting a proper implantation part and direction, implanting the virtual micro-implant nail into the jaw bone at a proper position from three positions, implanting the micro-implant nail into the jaw bone, and keeping the cap part of the micro-implant nail on the surface of the gum.
And 6, exporting a group of integrated models combining the jaw bone, the teeth, the gum and the micro-implant nail, and importing the models into three-dimensional design software for design.
And 7, designing a tooth retention part and a gum retention plate in the three-dimensional software, reserving an implant micro-implant nail implant hole at the implant part of the micro-implant nail through Boolean operation, connecting a coaxial cylindrical structure outside the implant micro-implant nail implant hole, wherein the inner diameter is the diameter of an implant handle, the outer diameter is 4mm more than the inner diameter, and the thickness of the implant pipeline part is reserved.
And 8, in the three-dimensional design software, a guide plate is divided into 2 parts from the vertical direction through the implanted pipeline shaft, and a sawtooth-shaped embedded part is designed (shown as a dotted line part in figure 1). And outputs two three-dimensional models of the three-dimensional model,
and 9, printing the implantation guide plate by using a rapid prototyping technology, and sterilizing.
Step 10, testing a guide plate in the mouth of a patient, and ligating and fixing the two guide plates at the position of an implanted pipeline by using 2-3 ligation wires
And 11, after the mucous membrane is disinfected, placing the guide plate in an area to be implanted, implanting a micro-implant nail, cutting off the ligature wire, and taking out the guide plate.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a little planting nail baffle that 3D printed which characterized in that includes:
the dental surface retention plate comprises a far-middle dental surface retention plate (1) and a near-middle dental surface retention plate (2) which are spliced, and a splicing line of the far-middle dental surface retention plate (1) and the near-middle dental surface retention plate (2) is positioned in the center of the implantation position of the micro-implant nail of the patient;
the gum positioning plate comprises a far middle gum positioning plate (3) and a near middle gum positioning plate (4) which are spliced, and the splicing line of the far middle gum positioning plate (3) and the near middle gum positioning plate (4) is positioned in the center of the implantation position of the micro-implant nail of the patient;
the micro-implant nail implanting hole (5) is formed in a splicing line of the far-middle gum retaining plate (3) and the near-middle gum retaining plate (4), the micro-implant nail implanting hole (5) is located at a micro-implant nail implanting position of a patient, and the center of the micro-implant nail implanting hole (5) is located on the splicing line;
the handle guide pipeline (6) is arranged on the micro-implant nail implantation hole (5), and the angle between the handle guide pipeline (6) and the tooth surface retention plate is adapted to the implantation angle of the micro-implant nail of the patient; the handle guide pipeline (6) and the micro-implant nail implantation hole (5) are both cylindrical cavities and are coaxially arranged.
2. The 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the tooth surface retention plate, the gum retention plate, the micro-implant nail implantation hole (5) and the handle guide channel (6) are all made by 3D printing.
3. The 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of each of the tooth surface retention plate and the gum retention plate is 2-3 mm.
4. The 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the part covered by the gingival retention plate ends 2-3mm from the gingival margin to the vestibular sulcus direction of the implant nail implantation site.
5. 3D-printed micro-implant nail guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the splicing line of the distal gingival retention plate (3) and the proximal gingival retention plate (4) is provided with a serrated embedding part (7) for increasing retention strength.
6. The 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the distal (1) and proximal (2) facet retention plates have their ends bent horizontally inward to fit the patient's teeth.
7. 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate according to claim 1, characterized by that the micro-implant nail implantation hole (5) and the handle guide tube (6) have an inner diameter larger than the micro-implant nail cap diameter.
8. The 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate according to claim 7, characterized in that the inner diameter of the handle guide tube (6) is the diameter of the implant handle and the difference between the outer diameter and the inner diameter is only 4 mm.
9. A method for manufacturing a 3D printed micro-implant nail guide plate according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
step 1, acquiring CBCT data of a patient, and importing three-dimensional design software;
step 2, scanning the mouth of a patient by using an intraoral scanner to obtain a dentition three-dimensional digital model comprising teeth and a part of mucous membrane;
step 3, scanning the micro-implant nail to be implanted by applying micro CT to obtain accurate three-dimensional data of the micro-implant nail;
step 4, importing the three-dimensional dentition model and the CBCT data of the patient into three-dimensional reconstruction software for accurate registration to obtain a jaw bone CT model fusing the high-precision three-dimensional dentition data;
step 5, determining the implantation position and the implantation direction of the micro implantation nail; the implant site is positioned at the near-far middle position and between the tooth roots of two adjacent teeth, and a gap is reserved between the implant site and the tooth roots, and the gap distance is calculated according to the anchorage design and the tooth moving distance in the orthodontic treatment scheme;
step 6, exporting a group of integrated models of the micro-implant nails obtained by combining CBCT jaw bone data, three-dimensional dentition data and micro CT scanning, and importing the integrated models into three-dimensional design software;
step 7, designing a tooth surface retention plate and a gum retention plate in three-dimensional software, designing a micro-implant nail implantation hole at the micro-implant nail implantation part through Boolean operation, connecting a coaxial handle guide pipeline outside the micro-implant nail implantation hole, wherein the inner diameter of the handle guide pipeline is the diameter of an implantation handle, the outer diameter is 4mm more than the inner diameter, and the thickness of the handle guide pipeline part is reserved; the implantation hole of the micro implantation nail determines the implantation position, and the handle guides the pipeline to determine the implantation direction;
step 8, in three-dimensional design software, dividing the tooth surface retention plate and the gum retention plate into two parts from the vertical direction through the axis of the handle guide pipeline, and designing saw-toothed cracks at the positions of fracture lines at the gum retention plate and the handle guide pipeline; outputting two three-dimensional models;
and 9, printing the micro-implant nail guide plate by using a rapid prototyping technology, and finishing the manufacturing.
10. The method for manufacturing a micro-implant nail guide plate according to claim 9, wherein in the step 5, the height and direction of the implant position are designed according to the following method:
the height of the implantation position is 1-2 mm below the membrane-gingival junction, the height of the implantation position is measured on the three-dimensional dentition model, and the three-dimensional dentition model is marked on the integrated jaw bone CT model containing three-dimensional dentition data and is used as a reference in implantation;
the implantation direction evaluates the root-bone relationship and the bone quantity of the area of the patient to be implanted with the micro-implant nail from the vertical direction, the sagittal direction and the horizontal direction, the implantation direction is selected according to the evaluation result, the virtual micro-implant nail is implanted into the jaw bone from the three directions, the micro-implant nail is implanted into the jaw bone, and the cap part of the micro-implant nail is kept on the surface of the gum without touching the tooth root.
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