CN110946292B

CN110946292B - Walnut shell breaking and kernel taking device and method

Info

Publication number: CN110946292B
Application number: CN201911325525.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾有青; 李哲; 肖志刚; 路飞; 吴隆坤
Original assignee: Shenyang Normal University
Current assignee: Shenyang Normal University
Priority date: 2019-12-20
Filing date: 2019-12-20
Publication date: 2022-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-20
Also published as: CN110946292A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and relates to a device and a method for breaking shells of walnuts and completely taking whole kernels. Comprises a transportation part and a crushing part; the conveying part comprises a bottom plate and side plates, the bottom plate and the side plates are obliquely arranged, the side plates are perpendicular to the bottom plate, grooves are formed in the side plates, and transverse teeth are arranged at the bottoms of the grooves; the structure and the method are suitable for harvesting complete kernels, and have the advantages of convenient operation, time and labor saving, high production efficiency, compact structure, good complete walnut kernel shell breaking effect and good practicability.

Description

Walnut shell breaking and kernel taking device and method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and relates to a device and a method for breaking shells and taking whole kernels of walnuts.

Background

Walnuts are the most important nut-type fruit trees and woody oil tree species in the world. Walnut kernel is a good tonic and food processing material, contains about 65% of fat, about 15% of protein, more than 10% of carbohydrate, 5.8% of crude fiber, 0.32% of vitamin and phosphorus, 0.39% of potassium, 0.10% of calcium and other mineral substances, and has high nutritive and medicinal values.

With the annual increase of the walnut yield, the problems of how farmers depend on walnut enrichment and how to improve the added value of the walnut are rapidly highlighted. According to related experience at home and abroad, deep processing of walnuts to improve the additional value of the walnuts can be used as an important means for increasing income of farmers, but shell breaking and kernel taking are the primary procedures in any form of deep processing. The walnut shell breaking method is still adopted in many places to break the shells of the walnuts manually, the efficiency is extremely low, and the cost of labor is improved along with the reduction of rural labor force, so that the cost of shell breaking and kernel taking is increased.

At present, the walnut shell breaking method comprises the following methods: (1) a centrifugal collision type hull breaking method; (2) chemical etching method; (3) a vacuum blasting method; (4) ultrasonic shell breaking method; (5) a fixed-gap extrusion shell breaking method; (6) directional beating method; (7) laser method. The first method, too much broken kernels, is rarely used; the second method is not easy to accept because of poor control in actual operation, easy corrosion, poor treatment and environmental pollution; the third and fourth methods have expensive equipment, high shell breaking cost and unsatisfactory shell breaking effect; the fifth and sixth methods are worth researching and exploring, and have high requirements on operation and equipment. Gas jet impact, energy, vacuum, etc. methods are also beginning to be applied in the field of chestnut shelling.

At present, the walnut shell breaking and kernel taking mechanical equipment in China is various in types, and related equipment has a lot of patents, but analysis on the principle shows that the whole kernel in all shell breaking machine design targets does not consider the core wood in the crack of the walnut kernel, namely, the ideal whole kernel also contains the core wood.

As food material for food application, complete walnut kernel appearance in special foods such as amber walnut kernels, sesame walnut kernels, original walnut kernels and the like can be sold better, the characteristics are more prominent, and better commercial value can be obtained.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a device and a method for breaking shells and taking whole kernels of walnuts. And the core wood must be broken first and then the shell is broken, otherwise the kernel is too brittle to exert strength and the whole kernel cannot be obtained.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a walnut shell breaking and kernel taking device comprises a transportation part and a shell breaking part; the conveying part comprises a bottom plate and side plates, the bottom plate and the side plates are obliquely arranged, the side plates are perpendicular to the bottom plate, grooves are formed in the side plates, and transverse teeth are arranged in the grooves; the shell breaking part comprises a shell breaking groove, a top plate, a plurality of circular saws and a drill bit mechanism, the shell breaking groove is located below the top plate, the lower portion of the top plate is of a conical groove structure, the drill bit mechanism is arranged between the top plate and the shell breaking groove, the drill bit mechanism comprises a drill bit, the drill bit is fixed on a rubber table, a drill bit clamp end is arranged at the opposite end of the drill bit, and the plurality of circular saws are arranged between the drill bit and the top plate.

The method for breaking shells and taking whole kernels by using the device comprises the following steps: (1) the walnut conveying direction is adjusted in the conveying part: the head of the walnut is pointed, the tail of the walnut is flat and round, and when the walnut rolls on the bottom plate, the head and tail directions of the walnut can be automatically adjusted to be vertical to the rolling direction under the action of the side plates and the structure of the walnut;

(2) the walnut falls into the bottom of the shell breaking groove, the head of the tip is opposite to the pit of the top plate, the plurality of circular saws fall to fix the walnut, the drill bit props against the center of the tail of the walnut and starts to drill into the tail of the walnut to destroy the split wood root, the depth of the drill bit drilling into the walnut is determined by the height of the rubber table, when the rubber table contacts the tail of the walnut, the plurality of circular saws are automatically started to stop when the specified depth is reached, and discharging is carried out; breaking the split wood root and breaking the shell;

(3) manually removing residual hull, and manually extracting the rest part of the diaphragma juglandis from the leaf end to obtain the complete walnut kernel without the diaphragma juglandis.

Further, the function of the side plate and the walnut structure in the step (1) is specifically as follows: when the walnut rolls, the head and tail directions of the walnut can be automatically adjusted to be vertical to the rolling direction; meanwhile, the tail part of the walnut is contacted with the groove of the side plate, the tail part of the walnut is not acted with the bottom of the groove, the head part of the walnut is rubbed with the transverse teeth at the bottom of the groove, and the direction of the rotation of the walnut is consistent with the direction of the head part and the tail part of the walnut.

Further, the step (2) is to break the core wood and then break the shell.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the device aims at the three-dimensional walnut with the core wood to obtain the complete walnut kernel without the core wood. The idea of breaking the roots of the diaphragma juglandis and then breaking the shells is adopted to draw the diaphragma juglandis out of the leaf ends. Finally, complete walnut kernels can be quickly obtained under the assistance of manpower, and the walnut kernel production line is good in effect, low in labor intensity, simple in equipment structure, economical and practical.

Drawings

In order to facilitate understanding for those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the walnut structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the position structure of the side plate and the bottom plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a side plate structure of the bottom plate according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the side plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the breaking portion of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a multi-piece circular saw and drill bit according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-6, the present embodiment can divide the walnut kernel into four segments, which are connected to each other at the front part of the kernel, and are not connected at the back part to form a pore. The split core wood is matched with kernels, the front end of the split core wood wraps the connecting parts of the kernels, the rear end of the split core wood grows in pores of the kernels as if the split core wood is a tree, the rear end of the split core wood is a tree root, the middle part of the split core wood is a tree branch, the front end of the split core wood is a tree leaf, the split core wood grows in the walnut kernel and is of a three-dimensional structure, a main trunk and four branch rings. This configuration makes it difficult to remove the core wood in a full kernel condition. The idea adopted by the embodiment is as follows: firstly, breaking the roots of the diaphragma juglandis, and then breaking the shells, so that the diaphragma juglandis can be pulled out from the leaf ends; and the core wood must be broken first and then the shell is broken, otherwise the kernel is too brittle to exert strength and the whole kernel cannot be obtained.

A device for breaking shells and taking whole kernels of walnuts comprises a transportation part and a shell breaking part; the transportation part comprises a bottom plate 1 and side plates 2, the bottom plate 1 and the side plates 2 are both obliquely arranged, the side plates 2 are perpendicular to the bottom plate 1, grooves 21 are formed in the side plates 2, and transverse teeth 22 are arranged in the grooves 21; the shell breaking part comprises a shell breaking groove 3, a top plate 4, a plurality of circular saws 5 and a drill bit mechanism, the shell breaking groove 3 is positioned below the top plate 4, the lower part of the top plate 4 is of a conical groove structure, the drill bit mechanism is arranged between the top plate 4 and the shell breaking groove 3 and comprises a drill bit 31, the drill bit 31 is fixed on a rubber table 32, the opposite end of the drill bit 31 is provided with a drill bit clamp end 33, and the plurality of circular saws 5 are arranged between the drill bit 31 and the top plate 4;

because the head part of the walnut is provided with the sharp head part 52 and the tail part 51 is flat and round, the head and tail directions can be automatically adjusted to be vertical to the rolling direction when the walnut rolls; meanwhile, the tail part 51 of the walnut is contacted with the groove 21 of the side plate, but the tail part 51 has no effect on the bottom of the groove 21, and the head part 5 and the transverse teeth 22 at the bottom of the groove 21 generate friction, so that the head and tail directions of the walnut are consistent;

the walnut falls into broken shell groove 3 bottom, and sharp-end head 5 is relative with roof 4 pits, the fixed walnut of 5 whereabouts of multi-disc annular saw, and drill bit 31 withstands walnut afterbody center (roughly can), begins to bore into the walnut afterbody, destroys distraction wood root 53, reaches certain degree of depth (by rubber platform height determination), contacts walnut afterbody 51 when the rubber platform, and automatic start multi-disc annular saw 5 reaches appointed degree of depth and stops (by the walnut variety is confirmed, operation travel switch control), the ejection of compact. And breaking the split wood roots and the shells. Further manually removing residual shells, and manually extracting the rest diaphragma juglandis from the leaf ends to obtain the complete walnut kernels without the diaphragma juglandis.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. a method for breaking the shell of walnut and taking the whole kernel, it is characterized in that, the device that described walnut breaking the shell and taking the whole kernel is applied comprises transportation part and shell breaking part; Described transportation part comprises bottom plate and side plate, bottom plate and side plate They are all inclined, the side plates are perpendicular to the bottom plate, the side plates are provided with grooves, and the grooves are provided with transverse teeth; The shell-breaking groove is located under the top plate, the lower part of the top plate is a conical groove structure, and a drill bit mechanism is arranged between the top plate and the shell-breaking groove. There is a drill bit fixture end, and the multiple circular saws are arranged between the drill bit and the top plate;

The method for breaking the shell of the walnut and taking the whole kernel comprises the steps:

Step (1): Adjust the conveying direction of walnuts in the transportation department: the head of the walnut is pointed and the tail is flat. When rolling on the bottom plate, due to the effect of the side plate and the structure of the walnut itself, the walnut will automatically adjust the direction of the head and tail when rolling. perpendicular to the scrolling direction;

Step (2): The walnut falls into the bottom of the shell-breaking groove, and the tip of the tip is opposite to the pit on the top plate. Multiple circular saws are dropped to fix the walnut. The drill bit is against the center of the walnut tail and begins to drill into the walnut tail to destroy the distracting wood root. The height of the table determines the depth of the drill bit into the walnut. When the rubber table touches the tail of the walnut, it will automatically start the multi-chip circular saw, stop when it reaches the specified depth, and discharge the material; complete the destruction of the distracting wood root and the shell;

Step (3): Manually remove the residual shell, and manually extract the remaining distraction wood from the leaf end to obtain a complete walnut kernel without distraction wood.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the step (1), the role of the side plate and the structure of the walnut itself is specifically: when rolling, the walnut will automatically adjust the direction of the head and tail and the direction of the walnut. The rolling direction is vertical; at the same time, the tail of the walnut is in contact with the groove of the side plate, and the tail has no effect on the bottom of the groove, while the head and the horizontal teeth at the bottom of the groove generate friction, and the direction of rotation makes the head and tail of the walnut in the same direction.

3 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the process in the step (2) is to first destroy the distraction wood and then break the shell. 4 .