CN110946162A - 一种蜂糖李嫁用愈合剂 - Google Patents

一种蜂糖李嫁用愈合剂 Download PDF

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CN110946162A
CN110946162A CN201911351579.5A CN201911351579A CN110946162A CN 110946162 A CN110946162 A CN 110946162A CN 201911351579 A CN201911351579 A CN 201911351579A CN 110946162 A CN110946162 A CN 110946162A
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陈奇胜
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Guizhou Shuoyuan Dadi Agricultural Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂,它的量份组分如下:石蜡3~5份、琼脂3~5份、吲哚乙酸1~3份、腐殖酸钠1~3份、杀菌剂4~6份。本发明不仅能提高灭菌效果,而且能提高蜂糖李树嫁接的伤口的愈合效果。

Description

一种蜂糖李嫁用愈合剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种愈合剂,尤其涉及一种蜂糖李嫁用愈合剂。
背景技术
蜂糖李是贵州省安顺市利用当地李子选育而成的优良李树新品种,因其果大味甜,果形如油桐,其味浓甜,可溶性糖在13.54%以上,在当地称为“蜂糖李”,其售价每公斤在80元以上,创贵州水果新高。2016年7月通过审定,定名为“蜂糖李”,目前贵州种植面积近50万亩。但因蜂糖李含糖量较高,蜂糖李病在蜂糖李树体上普遍存在,病发率也较高,其中嫁接、修剪等过程中产生树皮伤口时,极易发生感染,一般果园发病株率20~50%,高的甚至高达100%,部分果园的蜂糖李树种植3~4年就会因病毒病的发生而全部死亡,造成重大的损失,严重地制约了蜂糖李的发展。所以需要制备一种能针对蜂糖李嫁接、修剪过程中因伤口而被蜂糖李病病毒感染的问题的伤口愈合剂来满足蜂糖李的发展。目前市场上出售的各种果树伤口愈合剂、愈合膏等,使用后伤口愈合不佳、抗病毒和灭菌效果较差,有的甚至不能起到伤口愈合和抗毒杀菌的效果。因此,现有的技术中存着灭菌效果较差和伤口愈合效果较差的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种蜂糖李嫁用愈合剂。本发明不仅能提高灭菌效果,而且能提高蜂糖李树嫁接的伤口的愈合效果。
本发明的技术方案:一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂,按重量份组分如下:石蜡3~5份、琼脂3~5份、吲哚乙酸1~3份、腐殖酸钠1~3 份、杀菌剂4~6份。
前述的一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂中,所述杀菌剂按重量份组分如下:大蒜40~60份、芦荟80~120份、壳寡糖1~3份、0.3wt%苦参碱水剂0.5~1.5份、硫酸铁1~3 份、硫酸铜1~3份、乙酸10~45份。
前述的一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂中,所述杀菌剂按照如下制备方法制备:
A、将大蒜和芦荟去皮,使用破壁机进行打碎处理,在转速为10000r/min~15000r/min下打碎处理3~5min;然后取出放入冰柜,在-20~-10℃温度下冷冻8~12h;取出后使用破壁机进行打碎处理,在转速为30000r/min~45000r/min下打碎处理5~8min,自然升温至室温后制得大蒜芦荟胶状物;
B、将壳聚糖加入3~5wt%乙酸溶液中,加热至45~50℃,搅拌溶解后制得壳聚糖溶液;
C、将壳聚糖溶液、大蒜芦荟胶状物、硫酸铁、硫酸铜和0.3wt%苦参碱水剂进行混合,在频率为20~40KHZ下进行超声波振荡20~25min;取出放入恒温水浴中,搅拌60~180min,其中水浴温度为75~80℃,搅拌速度为120~180r/min;搅拌完成后,快速冷却至5~10℃,再自然升温至室温,得到了含有壳聚糖铜络合物和壳聚糖铁络合物的杀菌剂。
前述的一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂中,所述伤口愈合剂按如下制备方法制备:
a、将石蜡和琼脂加热至47~64℃,在转速为200~300r/min下搅拌10~15min,得到糊状物;
b、在杀菌剂中加入吲哚乙酸、腐殖酸钠和步骤a中得到的糊状物,在恒温47~64℃的水浴中搅拌30~60min,冷却至室温后,得到成品,其中搅拌速度为120~180r/min。
与现有技术相比,本发明中的杀菌剂制备中,大蒜芦荟胶状物的提取过程通过冷冻后在30000 ~45000r/min转速的破壁机中进行破壁处理,能够对大蒜和芦荟的细胞进行有效的破壁,充分释放了大蒜和芦荟中的活性成分和杀菌物质,提高了愈合剂的灭菌效果;同时破壁处理后得到的活性成分能够提高吲哚乙酸和腐殖酸钠渗透进树体,促进树体伤口处细胞生长从而促进伤口组织愈合,并且增加树体自身抗病性;通过制备壳聚糖铜络合物和壳聚糖铁络合物,在保留了壳聚糖高效的灭菌能力的同时有效的吸附了其他其他灭菌物质、生长素和矿物质,提高愈合剂的稳定性和延长杀菌剂有效时长,并且通过这种络合物结构吸附大蒜和芦荟中提取的杀菌成分后,能够起到长时间缓慢释放的效果,利用这种长时间缓慢释放的效果使得对能够对蜂糖李病病菌进行长时间的抑制和杀伤,从而使病菌丧失活性,起到提高了抗蜂糖李病的能力,提高了蜂糖李树存活率;同时杀菌剂的制备过程中,通过超声振荡、75~80℃恒温水浴中缓慢搅拌使得铜离子、铁离子与壳寡糖充分混合,使络合反应充分,再通过快速降温和自然升温,增加了所得络合物的稳定性和吸附性,从而进一步提高了杀菌剂的稳定性和延长了杀菌剂的有效时长;使用原材料芦荟使得制成的杀菌剂呈胶状,通过杀菌剂、石蜡和琼脂的混合,在保留了胶状特性的同时具有了更好的粘合性和成膜性能,能够使愈合剂在植物的伤口处形成一层黏附作用强的疏水性膜,可以提高愈合剂的稳定性,使其长期不变质,作用效果持久,而且还可以减少愈合剂在雨水冲刷下造成的流失。因此,本发明不仅能提高灭菌效果,而且能提高蜂糖李树嫁接的伤口的愈合效果。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
实施例1。一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂,按重量份组分如下:石蜡3份、琼脂3份、吲哚乙酸1份、腐殖酸钠1份、杀菌剂6份。上述的一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂中,所述杀菌剂按重量份组分如下:大蒜40份、芦荟120份、壳寡糖3份、0.3wt%苦参碱水剂1.5份、硫酸铁3 份、硫酸铜1份、乙酸45份。
所述杀菌剂的制备方法如下:
A、将大蒜和芦荟去皮,使用破壁机进行打碎处理,在转速为10000r/min下打碎处理5min;然后取出放入冰柜,在-10℃温度下冷冻12h;取出后使用破壁机进行打碎处理,在转速为45000r/min下打碎处理5,自然升温至室温后制得大蒜芦荟胶状物;
B、将壳聚糖加入5wt%乙酸溶液中,加热至50℃,搅拌溶解后制得壳聚糖溶液;
C、将壳聚糖溶液、大蒜芦荟胶状物、硫酸铁、硫酸铜和0.3wt%苦参碱水剂进行混合,在频率为20下进行超声波振荡25min;取出放入恒温水浴中,搅拌60min,其中水浴温度为75℃,搅拌速度为120r/min;搅拌完成后,快速冷却至5℃,再自然升温至室温,得到了含有壳聚糖铜络合物和壳聚糖铁络合物的杀菌剂。
所述伤口愈合剂的制备方法如下:
a、将石蜡和琼脂加热至47℃,在转速为200r/min下搅拌10min,得到糊状物;
b、在杀菌剂中加入吲哚乙酸、腐殖酸钠和步骤a中得到的糊状物,在恒温47℃的水浴中搅拌30min,冷却至室温后,得到成品,其中搅拌速度为120r/min。
实施例2。一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂,按重量份组分如下:石蜡5份、琼脂5份、吲哚乙酸3份、腐殖酸钠3 份、杀菌剂4份。上述的一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂中,所述杀菌剂按重量份组分如下:大蒜60份、芦荟80份、壳寡糖1份、0.3wt%苦参碱水剂0.5份、硫酸铁3 份、硫酸铜3份、乙酸10份。
所述杀菌剂的制备方法如下:
A、将大蒜和芦荟去皮,使用破壁机进行打碎处理,在转速为5000r/min下打碎处理3min;然后取出放入冰柜,在-20℃温度下冷冻8;取出后使用破壁机进行打碎处理,在转速为30000r/min下打碎处理5min,自然升温至室温后制得大蒜芦荟胶状物;
B、将壳聚糖加入3wt%乙酸溶液中,加热至45℃,搅拌溶解后制得壳聚糖溶液;
C、将壳聚糖溶液、大蒜芦荟胶状物、硫酸铁、硫酸铜和0.3wt%苦参碱水剂进行混合,在频率为40KHZ下进行超声波振荡20min;取出放入恒温水浴中,搅拌60min,其中水浴温度为75℃,搅拌速度为120r/min;搅拌完成后,快速冷却至10℃,再自然升温至室温,得到了含有壳聚糖铜络合物和壳聚糖铁络合物的杀菌剂。
所述伤口愈合剂的制备方法如下:
a、将石蜡和琼脂加热至64℃,在转速为300r/min下搅拌15min,得到糊状物;
b、在杀菌剂中加入吲哚乙酸、腐殖酸钠和步骤a中得到的糊状物,在恒温64℃的水浴中搅拌30min,冷却至室温后,得到成品,其中搅拌速度为150r/min。

Claims (4)

1.一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂,其特征在于,按重量份组分如下:石蜡3~5份、琼脂3~5份、吲哚乙酸1~3份、腐殖酸钠1~3 份、杀菌剂4~6份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂,其特征在于:所述杀菌剂按重量份组分如下,大蒜40~60份、芦荟80~120份、壳寡糖1~3份、0.3wt%苦参碱水剂0.5~1.5份、硫酸铁1~3 份、硫酸铜1~3份、乙酸10~45份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂,其特征在于:所述杀菌剂按照如下制备方法制备,
A、将大蒜和芦荟去皮,使用破壁机进行打碎处理,在转速为10000~15000r/min下打碎处理3~5min;然后取出放入冰柜,在-20~-10℃温度下冷冻8~12h;取出后再次使用破壁机进行打碎处理,在转速为30000~45000r/min下打碎处理5~8min,自然升温至室温后制得大蒜芦荟胶状物;
B、将壳聚糖加入3~5wt%乙酸溶液中,加热至45~50℃,搅拌溶解后制得壳聚糖溶液;
C、将壳聚糖溶液、大蒜芦荟胶状物、硫酸铁、硫酸铜和0.3wt%苦参碱水剂进行混合,在频率为20~40KHZ下进行超声波振荡20~25min;取出放入恒温水浴中,搅拌60~180min,其中水浴温度为75~80℃,搅拌速度为120~180r/min;搅拌完成后,快速冷却至5~10℃,再自然升温至室温,得到含有壳聚糖铜络合物和壳聚糖铁络合物的杀菌剂。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的一种蜂糖李嫁接用愈合剂,其特征在于:所述伤口愈合剂按照如下制备方法制备,
a、将石蜡和琼脂加热至47~64℃,在转速为200~300r/min下搅拌10~15min,得到糊状物;
b、在杀菌剂中加入吲哚乙酸、腐殖酸钠和步骤a中得到的糊状物,在恒温47~64℃的水浴中搅拌30~60min;冷却至室温后,得到成品;其中搅拌速度为120~180r/min。
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