CN110944501A - Protection device applied to thermoelectric double fields - Google Patents

Protection device applied to thermoelectric double fields Download PDF

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CN110944501A
CN110944501A CN201911255556.4A CN201911255556A CN110944501A CN 110944501 A CN110944501 A CN 110944501A CN 201911255556 A CN201911255556 A CN 201911255556A CN 110944501 A CN110944501 A CN 110944501A
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coating
workpiece
kappa
conductivity
heat
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CN110944501B (en
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何晓
张兴伟
吴林志
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
    • H05K9/0073—Shielding materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/2039—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating characterised by the heat transfer by conduction from the heat generating element to a dissipating body

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Abstract

The invention provides a protective device applied to a thermoelectric dual field, which comprises a workpiece area, a first coating, a second coating and a heat-conducting and electric-conducting matrix from inside to outside, wherein the sizes of the first coating and the second coating are determined by the physical parameters of a material and the geometric size of the workpiece area, and the physical parameters comprise the heat conductivity and the electric conductivity of the material. The invention can simultaneously obtain the precise solution of the protection conditions of the temperature field and the direct current electric field, and keep the original distribution states of the temperature field and the direct current electric field in the matrix from being disturbed. The protection device designed by the method is effective to a single temperature field or a direct current electric field, and has a protection function when the temperature field and the direct current electric field act simultaneously.

Description

Protection device applied to thermoelectric double fields
Technical Field
The invention relates to a protection device, in particular to a protection device applied to a thermoelectric double field.
Background
When the electronic device works in a circuit, the electric conductivity of the electronic device is different from that of uniform conductive matrixes such as a circuit board and the like, so that the phenomenon of current concentration or radiation is generated, different joule heat is generated in different areas of the circuit board due to the phenomenon, and the electronic device is easily burnt by the heat; machine parts operating in extreme temperature (high or low temperature) environments need to be connected or in close contact with a surrounding heat-conducting matrix, but the heat conductivity of the machine parts is different from that of the surrounding heat-conducting matrix, so that local heat flow concentration or diffusion phenomena are caused, and the phenomena can cause non-uniform heat stress and affect the mechanical strength and the fatigue life of the machine parts.
Aiming at the engineering problems, the invention provides a design method of a thermoelectric double-field protection device from the perspective of thermoelectric double physical fields based on a neutral inclusion thought, and the protection device designed by the method mainly comprises a workpiece area, a first coating, a second coating and a heat-conducting and electric-conducting substrate. The protection device designed by the method can work in a thermoelectric double-physical-field environment, and can accurately eliminate the phenomenon of heat flow and current concentration or dispersion caused by a workpiece area, thereby protecting electronic devices, mechanical parts and the like and prolonging the service life of the protection device.
The material required by the protective device designed by the method has uniform isotropy, and the protective device is processed by adopting a numerical control linear cutting technology, and has the characteristics of simple operation, low cost, excellent performance, wide application range and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to eliminate the concentration or dispersion phenomenon of heat flow and current in a heat-conducting and electric-conducting matrix caused by a workpiece area (electronic devices, mechanical parts and the like), avoid the damage of the electronic devices and the mechanical workpieces caused by the concentration of the heat flow and the current, provide a protection means for engineering problems, provide a protection device applied to a thermoelectric double field and simultaneously obtain accurate solution of protection conditions of a temperature field and a direct current electric field.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the material comprises a workpiece area, a first coating, a second coating and a heat and electricity conducting matrix from inside to outside, wherein the sizes of the first coating and the second coating are determined by the physical parameters of the material and the geometric size of the workpiece area, and the physical parameters comprise the heat conductivity and the electric conductivity of the material.
The invention also includes such structural features:
1. the materials of the two coatings are in two cases: when k is1<κ0，σ1<σ0At least one of the layers is ensured to have a thermal and electrical conductivity greater than that of the matrix material, i.e. kappa2>κ0，σ2>σ0Or kappa3>κ0，σ3>σ0) (ii) a When k is1>κ0，σ1>σ0At least one of the layers is ensured to have a thermal and electrical conductivity lower than that of the matrix material, i.e. kappa2<κ0，σ2<σ0Or kappa3<κ0，σ3<σ0(ii) a Wherein: the material thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the workpiece region are respectively kappa1And σ1The thermal conductivity and the electric conductivity of the materials of the first coating and the second coating are respectively k2，σ2And kappa3，σ3The thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the heat-conducting and electrically-conducting base material are respectively kappa0And σ0。
2. The geometrical dimensions of the two coatings satisfy:
Figure BDA0002310149800000021
wherein: p1＝r2 2/r3 2Is the volume fraction of the entire composite region occupied by the workpiece region and the first coating, the entire composite region consisting of the workpiece region, the first coating and the second coating, f1＝r1 2/r2 2Is the volume fraction of the workpiece area in the composite area consisting of the workpiece area and the first coating, r1Radius of the workpiece area, r2，r3The radius of the first coating and the radius of the second coating.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the coating of the thermoelectric double-field protection device is two layers, compared with a protection device with a single coating, the protection effect is more accurate, and the phenomenon of concentration or dispersion of heat flow and current caused by a workpiece area can be completely eliminated; the protection device can work under the dual functions of a temperature field and a direct current electric field, and has the protection function aiming at the thermoelectric dual physical fields. The invention can simultaneously obtain the precise solution of the protection conditions of the temperature field and the direct current electric field, and keep the original distribution states of the temperature field and the direct current electric field in the matrix from being disturbed. The protection device designed by the method is effective to a single temperature field or a direct current electric field, and has a protection function when the temperature field and the direct current electric field act simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a protective device designed according to the method of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a graph of temperature and potential distribution in a thermally and electrically conductive matrix without a coating
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the working effect of the protection device designed according to the method of the present invention
The reference numerals include: 1. a workpiece area; 2. a first coating layer; 3. a second coating layer; 4. a thermally and electrically conductive substrate; 5. isotherms or equipotentials.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The protective device comprises a workpiece area, a first coating, a second coating and a heat and electricity conducting substrate, wherein the workpiece area is cylindrical, the first coating and the second coating are circular rings, and the heat and electricity conducting substrate is filled outside the coatings. Wherein the dimensions of the coating are determined by the physical parameters of the material (thermal and electrical conductivity of the material) and the geometric dimensions (radius) of the workpiece area. The device can not only accurately eliminate the influence of a workpiece area on a temperature field and a direct current electric field when in work, but also can simultaneously work under the temperature field and the direct current electric field, and meanwhile, the coating of the device is made of a uniform and isotropic natural material and is easy to prepare.
The constituent materials and dimensions of the coating of the present invention are not exclusive. The material of the coating can be selected according to the actual working condition; the geometrical size of the coating is determined by the physical parameters (thermal and electrical conductivity) of the workpiece area, the coating and the heat-conducting and electrically-conducting matrix, and the geometrical size (radius) of the workpiece area, i.e. the coating can have different geometrical sizes under different working environments.
According to the neutral inclusion concept, the geometry of the coating can be determined based on the electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity of the selected material, and the geometry of the workpiece region. The definition of neutral inclusions is: when inclusions having an effective property equal to that of the matrix are placed in the matrix, the homogeneous field of the matrix is not disturbed, and such inclusions are called neutral inclusions.
The method for determining the size of the coating comprises the following steps: firstly, determining the material thermal and electrical conductivity of the workpiece region and the heat-conducting and electrically-conducting matrix region and the radius r of the workpiece region1As shown in fig. 1, wherein the material thermal and electrical conductivity of the workpiece region is κ1And σ1The thermal conductivity and the electric conductivity of the materials of the first coating and the second coating are respectively k2，σ2And kappa3，σ3The thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the heat-conducting and electrically-conducting base material are respectively kappa0And σ0. Then selecting a coating material, wherein the selection of the coating material is divided into two conditions: (1) when k is1<κ0(σ1<σ0) At least one of the layers is ensured to have a thermal and electrical conductivity greater than that of the matrix material, i.e. kappa2>κ0(σ2>σ0) Or kappa3>κ0(σ3>σ0) As shown in fig. 1; (2) when k is1>κ0(σ1>σ0) At least one of the layers is ensured to have a thermal and electrical conductivity lower than that of the matrix material, i.e. kappa2<κ0(σ2<σ0) Or kappa3<κ0(σ3<σ0). And finally, calculating the geometric dimension of the coating according to the neutral inclusion idea.
The geometrical dimension calculation method of the coating comprises the following steps: according to the idea of neutral inclusion, the geometrical size of the coating (r in FIG. 1)2，r3) Can be calculated by the formula (1), wherein P1＝r2 2/r3 2The volume fraction of the entire composite region (composed of the workpiece region, the first coating layer and the second coating layer) occupied by the workpiece region and the first coating layer, f1＝r1 2/r2 2Is the volume fraction of the workpiece area occupying the composite area consisting of the workpiece area and the first coating. The material thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the corresponding area and the radius r of the workpiece area are measured1Substituting the radius r of the first and second coating layers into the formula (1)2And r3. As can be seen from the formula (1), when different materials are selected as the coating to construct the thermoelectric dual-field protection device, the radius r of the coating2And r3And is also changed accordingly.
Figure BDA0002310149800000031
The specific geometric dimension of the coating is obtained by calculation by the method, and then the first coating and the second coating are obtained by cutting by a numerical control cutting technology, wherein a proper margin is reserved in the cutting process, and the margin is generally 0.1-0.5 mm. And finally, embedding the first coating, the second coating and the workpiece region into the heat-conducting and electric-conducting matrix in sequence in an interference assembly mode. The device may operate autonomously: when heat flow and current flow through the area where the coating is located, the influence of the workpiece area on the temperature field and the direct current electric field in the heat-conducting and electric-conducting base body can be eliminated due to the action of the coating, and therefore the protection function aiming at the thermoelectric double physical fields is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1, the thermoelectric dual field protection device designed by the method of the present invention is composed of the following four parts: the workpiece comprises a workpiece area 1, a first coating 2, a second coating 3 and a heat and electricity conducting base body 4. Wherein the workpiece region 1 is cylindrical, but the electronic device or mechanical part operating therein may be any shape; the heat-conducting and electric-conducting substrate is a working environment of an electronic device or a mechanical part; the first and second coatings 2 and 3 are embedded in the matrix in an interference fit.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the protection device designed according to the method of the invention automatically works in a thermoelectric double physical field without manual operation after being assembled. The working process and the effect are as follows: isothermal lines (equipotential lines) of a temperature field (direct current electric field) in the uniform heat-conducting and electrically-conducting base body 4 are parallel to each other and are uniformly distributed, and when the base body comprises workpiece areas 1 such as electronic devices, mechanical parts and the like, the uniform temperature field and the direct current electric field are disturbed, so that heat flow or current is locally concentrated or dispersed (the isothermal lines are dispersed or concentrated), which is shown in fig. 2 for the distribution condition of the isothermal lines (equipotential lines); when the coating is embedded outside the working area, namely the protective device is formed, the phenomenon of heat flow concentration or divergence (isothermal line divergence or concentration) caused by the workpiece area is eliminated, and the disturbed temperature field and the direct current electric field are restored uniformly again, which is referred to as an isothermal line (equipotential line) 5 in fig. 2 and 3, so that thermosensitive elements, electronic devices, mechanical parts and the like in the workpiece area are protected.
In summary, the present invention provides a method for eliminating adverse effects such as heat flow or current concentration and dispersion caused by a workpiece (electronic device or mechanical part) in a uniform heat and electricity conducting substrate based on the idea of neutral inclusion, so as to realize the function of protecting the workpiece. The presence of neutral inclusions, i.e. inclusions, does not disturb the physical field in the matrix material. . The thermoelectric double-field protection device designed by the method can be applied to the engineering aspects of protecting thermosensitive elements, electronic devices, mechanical parts and the like, and is composed of a workpiece area, a first coating, a second coating and a heat-conducting and electric-conducting matrix, wherein a uniform isotropic material is selected as the coating, and the size of the coating can be calculated according to the method. And cutting by using a numerical control cutting technology to obtain a circular coating, and assembling in an interference assembly mode to ensure that the interfaces are in close contact.

Claims (3)

1. A protection device applied to a thermoelectric double field is characterized in that: the material comprises a workpiece area, a first coating, a second coating and a heat and electricity conducting matrix from inside to outside, wherein the sizes of the first coating and the second coating are determined by the physical parameters of the material and the geometric size of the workpiece area, and the physical parameters comprise the heat conductivity and the electric conductivity of the material.
2. The protection device of claim 1, wherein: the materials of the two coatings are in two cases: when k is1<κ0，σ1<σ0At least one of the layers is ensured to have a thermal and electrical conductivity greater than that of the matrix material, i.e. kappa2>κ0，σ2>σ0Or kappa3>κ0，σ3>σ0) (ii) a When k is1>κ0，σ1>σ0At least ensure thereinThe material thermal and electrical conductivity of a coating layer is less than that of the base material, i.e., kappa2<κ0，σ2<σ0Or kappa3<κ0，σ3<σ0(ii) a Wherein: the material thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the workpiece region are respectively kappa1And σ1The thermal conductivity and the electric conductivity of the materials of the first coating and the second coating are respectively k2，σ2And kappa3，σ3The thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the heat-conducting and electrically-conducting base material are respectively kappa0And σ0。
3. A protection device for thermoelectric dual field applications according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the geometrical dimensions of the two coatings satisfy:
Figure FDA0002310149790000011
wherein:
Figure FDA0002310149790000012
is the volume fraction of the whole composite region occupied by the workpiece region and the first coating, the whole composite region consists of the workpiece region, the first coating and the second coating,
Figure FDA0002310149790000013
is the volume fraction of the workpiece area in the composite area consisting of the workpiece area and the first coating, r1Radius of the workpiece area, r2，r3The radius of the first coating and the radius of the second coating.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114002785A (en) * 2021-10-15 2022-02-01 浙江大学 CMOS compatible structure for reducing thermal crosstalk of silicon optical chip
CN114183627A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-03-15 哈尔滨工程大学 Multi-zone thermal protection device

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CN107555940A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-01-09 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Broadband wave-absorbing heat-insulation stealth composite material and preparation method thereof
CN110189739A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-08-30 西安交通大学 A kind of acoustics superstructure design method by modified paint

Patent Citations (2)

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CN107555940A (en) * 2017-09-30 2018-01-09 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Broadband wave-absorbing heat-insulation stealth composite material and preparation method thereof
CN110189739A (en) * 2019-05-27 2019-08-30 西安交通大学 A kind of acoustics superstructure design method by modified paint

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114002785A (en) * 2021-10-15 2022-02-01 浙江大学 CMOS compatible structure for reducing thermal crosstalk of silicon optical chip
CN114183627A (en) * 2021-11-25 2022-03-15 哈尔滨工程大学 Multi-zone thermal protection device
CN114183627B (en) * 2021-11-25 2023-10-13 哈尔滨工程大学 Multi-region heat protection device

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