CN110940752B - Multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation device and method. The device comprises an air supply system, a dual-channel switching system I, an adsorption and desorption system, a dual-channel switching system II, a chromatographic analysis system, a tail gas discharge system, and a desorption gas. system, adsorbent discharge and analysis system, adsorbent online feeding system and purging and conveying gas source system; the present invention utilizes advanced dual-channel switching system, gas supply system, high-temperature inert gas desorption system and adsorbent analysis system, which can carry out The pressurized, long-period, dual-channel adsorption and desorption evaluation of various sample gases and adsorbents has the characteristics of easy operation and online reading of results, and has good expansibility and market prospects.

Description

A kind of multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation device and method

technical field

The invention relates to a gas adsorption and desorption evaluation technology in the field of energy and chemical industry, in particular to a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation device and method.

Background technique

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) refer to the general term for organic compounds with a boiling point of less than 260°C under a standard atmospheric pressure of 101.3kPa (20), including aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing hydrocarbons and sulfur-containing hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons etc. In many chemical production, the emission of VOC-containing waste gas has always been a very prominent problem. Its emission will not only cause serious air pollution, but also greatly waste resources and increase production costs.

In the energy and chemical industry, there are light hydrocarbon volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions in all links from raw material extraction, transportation, processing to product production, storage and transportation, and sales. These low-carbon hydrocarbons pollute the environment, waste resources, cause fire hazards and endanger personal safety, and bring many serious harm to enterprises and society.

Low-carbon hydrocarbons generally have the characteristics of flammable, explosive, toxic and harmful, unstable in emission and concentration, and difficult to handle. At present, the main treatment methods are divided into recycling method and destruction method. The recovery method can be divided into condensation method, absorption method, adsorption method, membrane separation method, etc. The destruction method can be divided into dilution diffusion method, direct combustion method, regenerative catalytic oxidation combustion method, biological method and low temperature plasma method. However, the research and application of these methods all depend on the development of efficient adsorbents and advanced evaluation methods.

Therefore, there is a need for an accurate and reliable adsorbent evaluation device and method to test the performance of adsorbents to guide selection and research. The existing technology can only perform adsorption and desorption measurements on a single gas component under normal pressure, and only has a single measurement channel. The method is very limited and does not have universality and flexibility.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a universal and flexible multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation device and method, so as to solve the problem that the prior art can not carry out pressure adsorption and can only perform adsorption and desorption in a single channel Disadvantages of testing.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: including an air supply system, a dual-channel switching system I, an adsorption and desorption system, a dual-channel switching system II, a chromatographic analysis system, a tail gas discharge system, a desorption gas system, and an adsorbent discharge system. And analysis system, adsorbent online feeding system and purging and conveying air source system;

The dual-channel switching system I is connected to the adsorption and desorption system through the parallel pipelines M and L, and then connected to the dual-channel switching system II through the parallel pipelines K and F. The dual-channel switching system II is connected to the chromatograph through the parallel pipelines Z and J. The analysis system is connected with the tail gas emission system; the gas supply system includes a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system and a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system that is connected to the dual-channel switching system I and provides a test sample gas for the adsorption and desorption system; The desorption gas system is also connected with the dual-channel switching system I to provide a desorption gas source for the adsorption and desorption system;

The adsorbent discharge and analysis system is connected with the dual-channel switching system I through the parallel pipelines R and S, and the adsorbent online feeding system is inclined at the interface with the pipelines K and F of the adsorption and desorption system through the parallel feeding pipelines Q and W. Connected; the purging and conveying gas source system is connected with the feeding pipelines Q and W of the adsorbent online feeding system.

The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system includes V1 to Vn single-component gas supply systems; each single-component gas supply system includes a gas supply device V, a pressure precision control valve, and a flow precision control valve that are connected in sequence. and automatic flow control valve; each two groups of single-component air supply systems are connected in parallel with the first-stage mixer and then connected in parallel with each other;

The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system includes a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas collection tank, a pressure precision control valve, a flow precision control valve and an automatic flow control valve that are connected in sequence, and a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas collection tank connected vertically. The direct interface of the gas to be measured between it and the pressure precision control valve;

The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system and the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system are connected in parallel with the dual-channel switching system I through the secondary mixer.

Described adsorption and desorption system comprises adsorption and desorption device I and adsorption and desorption device II in parallel, and the incoming direction of adsorption and desorption device I is connected to adsorption and desorption system feed valve I arranged between adsorption and desorption device I and dual-channel switching system I. The discharge direction is connected to the pipeline K, the incoming direction of the adsorption and desorber II is connected to the pipeline F in the incoming direction of the adsorption and desorber II and the feed valve II of the adsorption and desorption system of the dual-channel switching system I is connected to the discharge direction.

The adsorption-desorber I and the adsorption-desorber II both include a barrel heater, an adsorbent in the center of the barrel heater, and an adsorbent fixed filter device and a quick loading and unloading device respectively installed at both ends of the barrel heater;

The barrel heater includes one or more combinations of electric heating, water bath heating, oil bath heating and steam heating; the adsorbent is activated carbon, coke powder modified products, high-performance adsorbent carbon materials and gas condensate. A combination of one or more glues; the adsorbent-fixed filter device is a combination of one or more of asbestos, metal sinter, alloy mesh and glass wool.

The stripping gas system includes a stripping gas source, a pressure precision control valve, a flow precision control valve and an automatic flow control valve that are connected in sequence;

The adsorbent discharge and analysis system includes an adsorbent discharge valve I installed on the pipeline R, and an adsorbent discharge valve II installed on the pipeline S; the pipelines R and S are connected in parallel and are connected to the adsorbent. An adsorbent analyzer is connected behind the collection tank;

The adsorbent analyzer is a combination of one or more of BET, XRD and FT-IR analyzers;

The desorption gas source is one or a combination of nitrogen, air, carbon dioxide, helium and steam.

The purging and conveying air source system is divided into two parallel paths, one is connected to the feed end of the adsorbent discharge valve I and adsorbent discharge valve II on the feeding pipelines Q and W; one is connected to the inlet of the adsorption and desorption system. Feed valve I, adsorption and desorption system feed valve II, adsorbent discharge valve I, adsorbent discharge valve II, adsorbent discharge valve I, adsorbent discharge valve II and pipelines R and S to achieve adsorbent pressure Online transportation and pneumatic clearing of each pipeline.

The chromatographic analysis system includes a pressure remote monitor, a filter, a system backup valve, a total flow monitor and an anti-backflow device, which are respectively connected to the pipeline Z and the pipeline J in turn; the total flow monitor and the anti-backflow device of the pipeline J. The devices are connected to the chromatograph through quick-release variable diameter, micro-flow control valve;

The tail gas discharge system comprises a tail gas cut-off valve, a fire arrester and a blower which are connected in sequence, wherein the tail gas cut-off valve is connected with the outlet of the anti-backflow device of the chromatographic analysis system.

The adsorbent online feeding system includes an adsorbent temporary storage tank, a weighing instrument and a powder shut-off valve which are connected in sequence, and the outlet of the powder shut-off valve is respectively connected with the parallel feeding pipelines Q and W.

The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation method of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Adsorbent loading and system cleaning process:

1.1. Place adsorbent fixed filter devices at the upper and lower ends of adsorption-desorber I and adsorption-desorber II, load adsorbent in the adsorbent temporary storage tank, open the purging and conveying gas source system to introduce the conveying gas to the adsorbent online feeding system, The adsorbent is pneumatically transported into the adsorption and desorption system through the purging and conveying air source system, and the loading amount of the adsorbent is recorded after the adsorbent is loaded;

1.2. Set the pressure, flow rate and replacement time of the desorption gas system, replace the adsorption and desorption system with the purge and desorption gas source gas, and check the air tightness of the device pipeline;

Step 2. Switch the sample gas process:

The gas supply system is controlled to switch between three states: the independent gas supply of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system, the independent gas supply of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system, and the mixed gas supply of the two systems, so as to realize the gas supply of different sample gases:

1) Independent gas supply of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system: Connect the single-component gas supply systems with different gas components V1 to Vn to the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system, and set the gas supply of each group of single-component gas supply systems. The opening of the pressure precision control valve, the flow precision control valve and the automatic flow control valve, until the values of the automatic flow control valve and the total flow monitor of the single-component gas supply system meet the test requirements;

2) Independent gas supply of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system: use the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas collection tank to collect the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas sample or connect the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon directly to the direct interface of the gas to be tested, and set the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas sample. The opening of the pressure precision control valve, flow precision control valve and automatic flow control valve of the hydrocarbon direct feeding system, until the value of the automatic flow control valve and the value of the total flow monitor meet the test requirements;

3) The two systems are mixed with gas supply: the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas collection tank and the single-component gas supply system work at the same time, and are mixed in the secondary mixer, and the pressure precision control valve and flow precision control valve of each system are set. and automatic flow control valve opening, until the flow automatic flow control valve value and total flow monitor value meet the test requirements;

Step 3. Adsorption evaluation process:

3.1. Operate the dual-channel switching system I, so that the gas to be tested enters the adsorption-desorber I, and the adsorbed gas enters the chromatograph through the pipeline J through the dual-channel switching system II for analysis;

3.2. Adjust the value of the system backup pressure valve on the pipeline J to the process setting value;

3.3. According to the test requirements, control the working state of the gas supply system according to step 2, and start the adsorption process;

3.4. Connect the chromatograph to the system through the quick release variable diameter, and part of the sample gas is adjusted by the micro-flow control valve to meet the requirements of the instrument and then enter the chromatograph to analyze the adsorption effect;

3.5. Double channel adsorption process:

When the removal rate γ analyzed by the chromatograph in step 3.4 is lower than 10-70%, operate the dual-channel switching system I, so that the gas to be tested enters the adsorption and desorber II, and the adsorbed gas passes through the dual-channel switching system II from the pipeline J Enter the chromatograph for analysis, then repeat steps 3.2 to 3.4 until the removal rate γ analyzed by the chromatograph is lower than 10 to 70%, stop the adsorption test or use the adsorbent online feeding system to add adsorbent online for a long period of online feeding adsorption test;

Step 4. Desorption and analysis process:

With dual-channel switching system I and dual-channel switching system II, the desorption process can be switched between three states: A, B, and C:

A: Simultaneous desorption of adsorption-desorber I and adsorption-desorber II

a1) Operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I and the dual-channel switching system II, so that the desorbed gas enters the parallel adsorption-desorber I and the adsorption-desorber II;

a2) Set the purge displacement pressure P=0.0～5.0MPa of the desorption gas system, and at the same time the value of the automatic flow control valve and the value of the total flow monitor meet the test requirements;

a3) Turn on the barrel heater, make the barrel heater reach the set temperature T=50～500℃, and regenerate the heated adsorbent;

a4) Stop the desorption gas system, close the barrel heater, and when the system pressure drops to normal pressure, open the adsorption and desorption system feed valve I, the adsorption and desorption system feed valve II, the adsorbent discharge valve I, and the adsorbent discharge valve. Material valve II, the adsorbent enters the adsorbent collection tank;

a5) Carry out BET, XRD, FT-IR analysis on the adsorbent in the adsorbent collection tank with an adsorbent analyzer, and calculate the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent;

B: adsorption-desorber I adsorption, adsorption-desorber II desorption simultaneous operation process:

b1) Operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I, so that the gas to be tested in the gas supply system enters the adsorption and desorber I to carry out the adsorption test, and simultaneously operate the dual-channel switching system II so that the adsorbed gas enters the chromatograph from the pipeline J for analysis, and the adsorption and desorption are carried out. Device I then performs the adsorption evaluation process of steps 3.2 to 3.3;

b2) At the same time, operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I, so that the desorbed gas of the desorption gas system enters the adsorption-desorber II; The pressure precision control valve of the suction system is set to the purge displacement pressure P = 0.0 ~ 5.0MPa, and the flow precision control valve and automatic flow control valve of the desorption system are adjusted until the value of the automatic flow control valve and the total flow monitor value flow. To meet the test requirements, turn on the barrel heater to make the desorption temperature reach the set temperature T = 50 ~ 500 ℃, purge the desorption gas source into the adsorption and desorber II to regenerate the adsorbent, stop the desorption gas system, and turn off the barrel heater. When the system pressure P drops to normal pressure, open the feed valve II and adsorbent discharge valve II of the adsorption and desorption system, the adsorbent enters the adsorbent collection tank, and the adsorbent in the adsorbent collection tank is BETed by the adsorbent analyzer. , XRD, FT-IR analysis, and calculate the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent;

C: adsorption-desorber I desorption, adsorption-desorber II adsorption and simultaneous operation process:

c1) Operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I, so that the gas to be tested in the gas supply system enters the adsorption and desorber II for adsorption test, and at the same time operate the dual-channel switching system II, so that the adsorbed gas enters the chromatograph through the pipeline J for analysis, adsorption and desorption Device II then performs the adsorption evaluation process in steps 3.2 to 3.3;

c2) At the same time, operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I, so that the desorbed gas of the desorption gas system enters the adsorption-desorber I, and operate the dual-channel switching system II so that the adsorption-desorber I is connected to the pipeline Z and then connected to the exhaust emission system, and the desorber I is connected to the exhaust gas discharge system. The pressure precision control valve of the suction system is set to the purge displacement pressure P = 0.0 ~ 5.0MPa, and the flow precision control valve and automatic flow control valve of the desorption system are adjusted until the value of the automatic flow control valve and the total flow monitor value flow. To meet the test requirements, turn on the barrel heater to make the desorption temperature reach the set temperature T = 50 ~ 500 ° C, purge the desorption gas source into the adsorption and desorber I to regenerate the adsorbent, stop the desorption gas system, and turn off the barrel heater. When the system pressure P drops to normal pressure, open the feed valve I and adsorbent discharge valve I of the adsorption and desorption system, and the adsorbent enters the adsorbent collection tank, and the adsorbent in the adsorbent collection tank is subjected to BET using the adsorbent analyzer. , XRD, FT-IR analysis, and calculate the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent;

Step 5. Eliminate system blockage:

Adsorption and desorption system feed valve I, adsorption and desorption system feed valve II, adsorbent discharge valve I, adsorbent discharge valve II, adsorbent discharge valve I, adsorbent discharge valve II, one of pipelines R and S When one or more combinations are blocked, open the purging and conveying air supply system to remove the blockage.

The calculation method of the removal rate γ and the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent is:

(1) Calculation method of removal rate γ:

γ=(C _o -C _t )/C ₀ ×100

In the formula, C _t - component concentration at a certain time, vol%;

C ₀ - component concentration in the initial state, vol%;

γ-Removal rate, %;

(2) Calculation method of adsorbent adsorption capacity U:

In the formula, C ₀ -the initial concentration of a certain component, mol%;

C _t - outlet concentration of a component at time t, mol%;

m-adsorbent loading, g;

t-adsorption time, min;

Fv-adsorbed gas flow, L/min;

M _f - the relative molecular mass of a component, g/mol;

U-adsorbent adsorption capacity, g/100g adsorbent.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention can realize atmospheric pressure, pressure adsorption and high temperature inert gas desorption of various gas samples through a gas supply system comprising a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system and a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system, which solves the problem of the prior art. The disadvantages of not being able to carry out adsorption under pressure and only being able to carry out adsorption and desorption tests in a single channel, the present invention utilizes advanced atmospheric pressure and pressured dual-channel switching systems, gas supply systems, adsorbent analysis systems and high-temperature inert gas desorption, and finally realizes multi-channel desorption. The pressurized, long-term, dual-channel evaluation of various sample gases and adsorbents has the characteristics of easy operation and online reading of results, and has good expansibility and market prospects.

The invention also discloses a dual-channel adsorption and desorption evaluation method based on the dual-channel switching system I and the dual-channel switching system II, which can realize long-term adsorption test and dual-channel adsorption test and desorption test respectively; The system blockage removal method; provides the multi-low carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation method, removal rate γ and adsorbent adsorption capacity U calculation method.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the adsorption-desorber I 24 and the adsorption-desorber II 25 in the present invention

In the figure: 1. Air supply system; 2. Dual-channel switching system I; 3. Adsorption and desorption system; 4. Dual-channel switching system II; 5. Chromatographic analysis system; 6. Exhaust gas discharge system; 7. Desorption gas system; 8. Adsorbent discharge and analysis system; 9. Adsorbent online feeding system; 10. Purging and conveying gas source system; 11. Desorption gas source; 12. Multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system; material system; 14, pressure precision control valve; 15, flow precision control valve; 16, automatic flow control valve; 17, one-stage mixer; 18, single-component gas supply system; 20. Direct interface of gas to be measured; 21. Secondary mixer; 22. Feed valve I of adsorption and desorption system; 23. Feed valve II of adsorption and desorption system; 24. Adsorption and desorption device I; 25, adsorption and desorption device II; 26, adsorbent discharge valve I; 27, adsorbent discharge valve II; 28, adsorbent collection tank; 29, adsorbent analyzer; 30, adsorbent temporary storage tank; 31, weighing instrument; 32, powder cut off valve; 33, adsorbent discharge valve I; 34, adsorbent discharge valve II; 35, pressure remote monitor; 36, filter; 37, system backup pressure valve; 38, total flow monitor; 39, anti-backflow device; 40, quick release variable diameter; 41, micro-flow control valve; 42, chromatograph; 43, shut-off valve; 44, flame arrester; 45, venting device; 46, quick loading and unloading device; 47, adsorbent fixed filter device ; 48, barrel heater; 49, adsorbent.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention.

The overall structure of the present invention is different from the traditional adsorption and desorption device, and can provide special Atmospheric pressure, pressurized adsorption and high temperature inert gas desorption of various sample gases under the conditions of proportioned multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas and multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding, further based on dual-channel switching system I 2, dual The channel switching system II 4 can realize the pressurized, long-term dual-channel adsorption and desorption test of various sample gases and adsorbents. It has the characteristics of easy operation and online reading of results, and has good expansion and market prospects.

Since the present invention has various operation schemes, the present invention will be further described in detail by taking the dual-channel pressure adsorption of multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas, adsorption by adsorption-desorber I 24, and simultaneous desorption by adsorption-desorber II 25 as an example. .

Referring to Figure 1, the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation device includes a gas supply system 1, a dual-channel switching system I 2, an adsorption and desorption system 3, a dual-channel switching system II 4, a chromatographic analysis system 5, a tail gas emission system 6, and a stripping gas System 7 , adsorbent discharge and analysis system 8 , adsorbent online feeding system 9 and purging and conveying gas source system 10 .

The gas supply system 1 is connected with the dual-channel switching system I 2, then connected with the adsorption and desorption system 3 through the parallel pipelines M and L, and then connected with the dual-channel switching system II 4 through the parallel pipelines K and F. The dual-channel switching system II 4 It is connected to the chromatographic analysis system 5 through parallel pipelines Z and J, and then connected to the exhaust gas discharge system 6 . The adsorbent discharge and analysis system 8 is connected to the dual channel switching system I 2 through parallel lines R, S. The adsorbent online feeding system 9 is connected to the outlet pipelines K and F of the adsorption and desorption system 2 through parallel feeding pipelines Q and W.

The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12 and the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13 constitute the gas supply system 1. The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12 and the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13 are connected in parallel with the secondary low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12. The mixers 21 are connected; the multi-component low-carbon simulated gas system 12 includes V1-Vn single-component gas supply systems 18; each of the single-component gas supply systems 18 includes sequentially connected gas supply devices V, V The pressure precise control valve 14, the flow precise control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16; the two groups of single-component gas supply systems 18 are connected in parallel with the first-stage mixer 17 and then connected in parallel with each other.

The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13 includes a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas collection tank 19, a pressure precision control valve 14, a flow precision control valve 15 and an automatic flow control valve 16, which are connected in sequence and are vertically connected to the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon gas mixture. A direct interface 20 for the gas to be measured between the collection tank 19 and the pressure precise control valve 14; the gas supply system 1 can independently distribute the sample gas according to different evaluation test requirements or directly use the gas collection tank to directly inhale.

The gas supply system 1 can realize the evaluation and analysis of various gas samples:

Scheme 1. Multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulation sample gas. The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12 can simulate sample gases of different compositions required for the evaluation test through V1-Vn single-component gas supply systems 18, and each single-component gas supply system 18 is connected with a pressure precision control valve 14. , the flow precision control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16, can accurately control the single-component gas volume entering the first-stage mixer 17, thereby ensuring the accurate gas ratio of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12;

Option 2: Direct feed of multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbons. The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas collection tank 19 can be used to directly collect the sample gas and connect to the system, or the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas can be directly connected to the gas to be measured direct interface 20 for detection and analysis.

The gas supply system 1 can be switched between different gas source combinations A, B, and C according to the test requirements:

A. Multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas adsorption process

Switch the gas supply system 1 to the working state of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12, connect the single-component gas supply systems 18 with V1 to Vn different gas components to the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12, and set each group The pressure fine control valve 14, the flow fine control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16 of the single-component gas supply system 18 are opened until the values of the automatic flow control valve 16 and the total flow monitor 38 of the single-component gas supply system 18 reach Test requirements;

B. Low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feed adsorption process

Switch the gas supply system 1 to the working state of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13, use the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas collection tank 19 to collect the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas sample and connect it to the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13, Set the pressure precision control valve 14, the flow precision control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16 of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13 to the opening degree until the flow automatic flow control valve 16 value and the total flow monitor 38 value meet the test requirements ;

C. Simulated gas and low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feed mixed feed adsorption process

Switch the gas supply system 1 to the simultaneous working state of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12 and the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13, and use the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture gas collection tank 19 to collect the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixture sample and connect it to the The multi-low carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13 and setting the pressure precision control valve 14, flow precision control valve 15 and automatic flow control valve 16 of the system meet the test requirements. The gas system 18 is connected to the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12, and the pressure precision control valve 14, the flow precision control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16 of the single-component gas supply system 18 are set to meet the test requirements. The gas in the hydrocarbon mixture gas collection tank 19 and the gas in the single-component gas supply system 18 are mixed in the secondary mixer 21 and then enter the adsorption and desorber. During the test, it is necessary to ensure that the value of the total flow monitor 38 also meets the test requirements.

The stripping gas system 7 includes a stripping gas source 11 , a pressure fine control valve 14 , a flow fine control valve 15 and an automatic flow control valve 16 connected in sequence to provide the system with a stable flow and pressure controllable stripping gas source. The stripping gas source 11 is a combination of one or more of high pressure nitrogen, low pressure nitrogen, air, carbon dioxide, helium and steam.

The adsorption and desorption system 3 includes two groups of adsorption and desorption system feed valves I 22, adsorption and desorption systems I 24, adsorption and desorption system feed valves II 23, and adsorption and desorption systems II 25, which are connected in sequence. Achieved in: ① adsorption-desorber I 24 and adsorption-desorber II 25 simultaneous adsorption, ② adsorption-desorber I 24 adsorption and adsorption-desorber II 25 desorption, ③ adsorption-desorber I 24 desorption and adsorption-desorber II 25 adsorption three transition between states.

The adsorbent discharge and analysis system 8 includes a parallel pipeline R connected with the adsorbent discharge valve I 26, and a pipeline S connected with the adsorbent discharge valve II 27. The parallel pipelines R and S are combined and then connected to the adsorbent collection tank 28 The adsorbent analyzer 29 is then connected. Through the cooperation between the dual-channel switching system I 2, the adsorbent discharge valve I 26 and the adsorbent discharge valve II 27, it can be realized that: ① the adsorption and desorber I 24 discharges the adsorbent alone; ② the adsorption and desorber II 25 is independent The adsorbent is discharged; ③ The adsorption-desorber I 24 and the adsorption-desorber II 25 simultaneously discharge the adsorbent and switch between three states. The adsorbent analyzer 29 is a combination of one or more of BET, XRD and FT-IR analyzers, which can specifically evaluate the characteristics of the adsorbent after adsorption is completed, and compare it with the properties of fresh activated carbon to investigate the analytical regeneration effect.

The adsorbent online feeding system 9 includes an adsorbent temporary storage tank 30, a weighing instrument 31, a powder shut-off valve 32 connected in sequence, an adsorbent discharge valve I 33 and an adsorbent discharge valve II 34 connected in parallel. The adjuvant temporary storage tank 30 is used to store fresh adsorbent. The amount of the adsorbent can be calculated by the difference between the weighing instrument 31 before and after the addition of the adsorbent, and the online pneumatic conveying and feeding of the adsorbent can be realized by the purging and conveying air source system 10 .

The chromatographic analysis system 5 includes parallel pipelines Z and J, and pipelines Z and J all include a pressure remote monitor 35, a filter 36, a system backup valve 37, a total flow monitor 38 and an anti-backflow device 39 connected in sequence; The variable diameter 40 , the micro-flow control valve 41 and the chromatograph 42 are connected in sequence and then connected between the total flow monitoring 38 and the anti-backflow device 39 .

The exhaust gas discharge system 6 includes an exhaust gas shut-off valve 43 , a flame arrester 44 and a blower 45 which are connected in sequence. After most of the detection gas from the adsorption and desorption system 3 is emptied by the tail gas discharge system 6, a small part is controlled by the micro-flow control valve 41 and then enters the chromatograph 42 to analyze the removal rate.

The described purging and conveying air source system 10 is divided into two parallel paths, and one path is connected to the feed end of the adsorbent discharge valve I 33 and the adsorbent discharge valve II 34 on the feeding pipelines Q and W; Desorption system feed valve I 22, adsorption and desorption system feed valve II 23, sorbent discharge valve I 26, sorbent discharge valve II 27, sorbent discharge valve I 33, sorbent discharge valve II 34 and piping R, S, realize online transportation of adsorbent under pressure and pneumatic blockage removal of each pipeline.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the adsorption-desorber I 24 and the adsorption-desorber II 25 have the same structure, and both include a barrel heater 48 , an adsorbent 49 in the center of the barrel heater 48 , and the adsorbent fixed at both ends of the adsorbent 49 connected to the center. Filter device 47, quick loading and unloading device 46; adsorbent 49 is a combination of one or more of activated carbon, coke powder modified product, high-performance adsorbent carbon material and aerogel; the barrel heater 48 includes electric heating, A combination of one or more of water bath heating, oil bath heating and steam heating; the adsorbent fixed filter device 47 is a combination of one or more of asbestos, metal sinter, alloy mesh and glass wool. The barrel heater 48 can heat and desorb the adsorbent 49; the adsorbent fixed filter device 47 located at both ends of the adsorption and desorber can filter or prevent the adsorbent 49 particles in the bed from being carried out of the device by the gas, and can be quickly loaded and unloaded The device 46 can realize the quick loading and unloading of the adsorption and desorber, as well as dredging and removing blockages.

The multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption and desorption evaluation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

Step 1. Adsorbent loading and system cleaning process:

1.1 After loading the adsorbent 49 in the adsorbent temporary storage tank 30, record the initial indication W ₁ of the weighing instrument 31, and then place the adsorbent fixed filter device 47 on the upper and lower ends of the adsorption-desorber I 24 and the adsorption-desorber II 25, open The purging and conveying gas source system 10 introduces the conveying gas to the adsorbent online feeding system 9, opens the powder shut-off valve 32, the parallel adsorbent discharge valve I 33 and the adsorbent discharge valve II 34, and the adsorbent 49 is purged and conveyed The air source system 10 is pneumatically transported into the adsorption-desorber I 24 and the adsorption-desorber II 25, and after the adsorbent is filled, the weighing instrument 31 is recorded to indicate the number W ₂ ;

1.2 Set the pressure precision control valve 14 of the stripping gas system 7 to the displacement pressure P=0.5-5MPa, slowly open the flow precision control valve 15 of the stripping gas system 7, and set the automatic flow control valve 16 to the test requirements, Replace the adsorbent 49 bed with the purge and desorption gas source 11 gas T1=5～20min, and check the air tightness of the device pipeline at the same time;

Step 2. Switch the sample gas process:

Independent gas supply for the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12: Connect the single-component gas supply systems 18 with different gas components V1 to Vn to the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system 12, and set each group of single-component gas supply systems 18 of the pressure precision control valve 14, the flow precision control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16 are opened until the values of the automatic flow control valve 16 and the total flow monitor 38 of the single-component gas supply system 18 meet the test requirements;

The present invention can also independently supply gas through the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13: the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas sample is collected by the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas collection tank 19 or the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon is directly connected to the direct interface of the gas to be measured. 20. Set the opening of the pressure precision control valve 14, flow precision control valve 15 and automatic flow control valve 16 of the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system 13 until the value of the automatic flow control valve 16 and the value of the total flow monitor 38 reach Test requirements;

The present invention can also supply gas by mixing two systems: the multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas collection tank 19 and the single-component gas supply system 18 work at the same time, and are mixed in the secondary mixer 21, and the pressure of each system is set for precise control. The valve 14, the flow precision control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16 are opened until the value of the automatic flow control valve 16 and the value of the total flow monitor 38 meet the test requirements;

Step 3. Adsorption evaluation process:

3.1, operate the dual-channel switching system I 2, so that the gas to be measured enters the adsorption-desorber I 24, and the gas that has been adsorbed enters the chromatograph 42 through the pipeline J through the dual-channel switching system II 4 for analysis;

3.2. Adjust the value of the system backup pressure valve 37 on the pipeline J to the process setting value;

3.3. According to the test requirements, control the working state of the gas supply system 1 according to step 2, and start the adsorption process;

3.4. Connect the chromatograph 42 to the system through the quick release variable diameter 40, and part of the sample gas is adjusted by the micro-flow control valve 41 to meet the requirements of the instrument and then enter the chromatograph 42 to analyze the adsorption effect;

3.5. Double channel adsorption process:

When the removal rate γ analyzed by the chromatograph 42 in step 3.4 is lower than 10-70%, operate the dual-channel switching system I2, so that the gas to be tested enters the adsorption-desorber II 25, and the adsorbed gas passes through the dual-channel switching system II 4 Enter the chromatograph 42 through the pipeline J for analysis, and then repeat steps 3.2 to 3.4 until the removal rate γ analyzed by the chromatograph 42 is lower than 10 to 70%, and the adsorption test is stopped;

Step 4. Desorption and analysis process:

With the aid of the two-channel switching system I 2 and the two-channel switching system II 4, the desorption process is switched to the mode B adsorption-desorber I 24 adsorption and adsorption-desorber II 25 The simultaneous operation process of desorption:

b1) Operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I2, so that the gas to be tested of the gas supply system 1 enters the adsorption and desorber I24 for adsorption test, and simultaneously operates the dual-channel switching system II4 to make the gas that has been adsorbed enter the chromatograph 42 from the pipeline J for carrying out Analysis, the adsorption and desorber I 24 is followed by the adsorption evaluation process of steps 3.2 to 3.3;

b2) At the same time, operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I2, so that the desorbed gas of the desorption gas system 7 enters the adsorption-desorber II 25, and operate the dual-channel switching system II 4 so that the adsorption-desorber II 25 is connected to the pipeline Z and then connected to the exhaust gas In the discharge system 6, set the pressure fine control valve 14 of the stripping gas system 7 to the purge displacement pressure P=0.0-5.0MPa, and adjust the flow precision control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16 of the stripping gas system 7 until the flow The value of the automatic flow control valve 16 and the value of the total flow monitor 38 meet the test requirements, turn on the barrel heater 48 to make the desorption temperature reach the set temperature T = 50 ~ 500 ° C, and purge the desorption gas source 11 into the adsorption and desorption device II 25. The adsorbent 49 is regenerated, the desorption gas system 7 is stopped, the barrel heater 48 is turned off, and when the system pressure P drops to normal pressure, the adsorption and desorption system feed valve II 23 and adsorbent discharge valve II 27 are opened, and the adsorbent enters The adsorbent collection tank 28 is used for BET, XRD, FT-IR analysis of the adsorbent in the adsorbent collection tank 28 by using the adsorbent analyzer 29, and the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent is calculated;

The desorption and analysis process can also be carried out in two ways: A and C:

A: Simultaneous desorption of adsorption-desorber I 24 and adsorption-desorber II 25:

a1) Operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I 2 and the dual-channel switching system II 4, so that the desorbed gas enters the parallel adsorption-desorber I 24 and the adsorption-desorber II 25;

a2) Set the purge displacement pressure P=0.0～5.0MPa of the desorption gas system 7, and at the same time the value of the automatic flow control valve 16 and the value of the total flow monitor 38 meet the test requirements;

a3) Turn on the barrel heater 48, so that the barrel heater 48 reaches the set temperature T=50～500℃, and the heating adsorbent is regenerated;

a4) Stop the desorption gas system 7, close the barrel heater 48, and when the system pressure drops to normal pressure, open the adsorption and desorption system feed valve I 22, the adsorption and desorption system feed valve II 23, and the adsorbent discharge valve I26 , the adsorbent discharge valve II 27, the adsorbent enters the adsorbent collection tank 28;

a5) Use the adsorbent analyzer 29 to carry out BET, XRD, FT-IR analysis on the adsorbent 49 in the adsorbent collection tank 28, and calculate the adsorbent adsorption capacity U;

C: adsorption-desorber I 24 desorption, adsorption-desorber II 25 adsorption and simultaneous operation process:

c1) Operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I2, so that the gas to be tested in the gas supply system 1 enters the adsorption and desorber II25 to perform the adsorption test, and simultaneously operate the dual-channel switching system II4 so that the gas that has been adsorbed enters the chromatograph 42 through the pipeline J for testing. Analysis, the adsorption-desorber II 25 is then subjected to the adsorption evaluation process of steps 3.2 to 3.3;

c2) At the same time, operate the state of the dual-channel switching system I2, so that the desorbed gas of the desorption gas system 7 enters the adsorption-desorber I24, and operate the dual-channel switching system II4 so that the adsorption-desorber I24 is connected to the pipeline Z and then connected to the exhaust gas In the discharge system 6, set the pressure fine control valve 14 of the stripping gas system 7 to the purge displacement pressure P=0.0-5.0MPa, and adjust the flow precision control valve 15 and the automatic flow control valve 16 of the stripping gas system 7 until the flow The value of the automatic flow control valve 16 and the value of the total flow monitor 38 meet the test requirements, turn on the barrel heater 48 to make the desorption temperature reach the set temperature T=50～500°C, and purge the desorption gas source 11 into the adsorption and desorber I 24 for The adsorbent 49 is regenerated, the desorption gas system 7 is stopped, the barrel heater 48 is closed, and when the system pressure P drops to normal pressure, the adsorption and desorption system feed valve I 22 and the adsorbent discharge valve I 26 are opened, and the adsorbent enters The adsorbent collection tank 28 is used for BET, XRD, FT-IR analysis of the adsorbent in the adsorbent collection tank 28 by using the adsorbent analyzer 29, and the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent is calculated;

Step 5: System blockage removal process:

Adsorption and desorption system feed valve I 22, adsorption and desorption system feed valve II 23, adsorbent discharge valve I 26, adsorbent discharge valve II 27, adsorbent discharge valve I 33, adsorbent discharge valve II 34, When one or more of the combinations of pipelines R and S are blocked, open the purging and conveying gas source system 10 to remove the blockage.

The calculation method of removal rate γ and adsorption capacity U of adsorbent 49 is:

(1) Calculation method of removal rate γ:

γ=(C _o -C _t )/C ₀ ×100

In the formula, C _t - component concentration at a certain time, vol%;

C ₀ - component concentration in the initial state, vol%;

γ-Removal rate, %;

(2) Calculation method of adsorbent adsorption capacity U:

In the formula, C ₀ -the initial concentration of a certain component, mol%;

C _t - outlet concentration of a component at time t, mol%;

m-adsorbent loading, g;

t-adsorption time, min;

Fv-adsorbed gas flow, L/min;

M _f - the relative molecular mass of a component, g/mol;

U-adsorbent adsorption capacity, g/100g adsorbent.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: Modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to the specific embodiments, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall all be included in the scope of the present claims.

Claims (2)

1. A multivariate low-carbon hydrocarbon adsorption desorption evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, an adsorbent loading and system cleaning process:

1.1, placing adsorbent fixing and filtering devices (47) at the upper and lower ends of an adsorption desorber I (24) and an adsorption desorber II (25), loading an adsorbent (49) in an adsorbent temporary storage tank (30), opening a purging and conveying gas source system (10), introducing conveying gas to an adsorbent online charging system (9), pneumatically conveying the adsorbent (49) into an adsorption and desorption system (3) through the purging and conveying gas source system (10), and recording the loading amount of the adsorbent after the adsorbent is completely charged;

1.2, setting the pressure, flow and replacement time of a desorption gas system (7), and replacing an adsorption desorption system (3) with a purging desorption gas source (11) and checking the air tightness of a device pipeline;

step two, switching the sample gas:

the control gas supply system (1) switches under the three states of independent gas supply of the multielement low carbon hydrocarbon simulation gas system (12), independent gas supply of the multielement low carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system (13) and mixed gas supply of the two systems, so that gas supply of different samples is realized:

1) the multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon simulated gas system (12) independently supplies gas: connecting V1-Vn single-component gas supply systems (18) with different gas components into a multi-component low-carbon hydrocarbon simulation gas system (12), and setting the opening degrees of a pressure fine control valve (14), a flow fine control valve (15) and an automatic flow control valve (16) of each group of single-component gas supply systems (18) until the values of the automatic flow control valve (16) and a total flow monitor (38) of the single-component gas supply systems (18) meet the test requirements;

2) the multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system (13) independently supplies gas: collecting a multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas sample by using a multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas collecting tank (19) or directly connecting the multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon into a direct interface (20) of gas to be measured, and setting the opening degrees of a pressure fine control valve (14), a flow fine control valve (15) and an automatic flow control valve (16) of a multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon direct feeding system (13) until the numerical value of the automatic flow control valve (16) and the numerical value of a total flow monitor (38) meet the test requirements;

3) two systems mix the air supply: the multi-element low-carbon hydrocarbon mixed gas collection tank (19) and the single-component gas supply system (18) work simultaneously, are mixed in a secondary mixer (21), and the opening degrees of a pressure fine control valve (14), a flow fine control valve (15) and an automatic flow control valve (16) of each system are set until the numerical value of the automatic flow control valve (16) and the numerical value of a total flow monitor (38) meet the test requirements;

step three, an adsorption evaluation process:

3.1, operating a dual-channel switching system I (2) to enable the gas to be detected to enter an adsorption desorber I (24), and enabling the gas after adsorption to enter a chromatograph (42) from a pipeline J through a dual-channel switching system II (4) for analysis;

3.2, adjusting the numerical value of a system back-pressure valve (37) on the pipeline J to be a process set value;

3.3, according to the test requirements, controlling the working state of the gas supply system (1) according to the step two, and starting the adsorption process;

3.4, connecting a chromatograph (42) to a system through a quick-release reducing valve (40), and allowing part of sample gas to enter the chromatograph (42) for analyzing the adsorption effect after the sample gas is adjusted by a micro-flow control valve (41) to meet the requirements of the instrument;

3.5, a double-channel adsorption process:

when the removal rate gamma of the chromatograph (42) analyzed in the step 3.4 is lower than 10-70%, operating the dual-channel switching system I (2) to enable the gas to be detected to enter the adsorption desorber II (25), enabling the gas after adsorption to enter the chromatograph (42) from a pipeline J through the dual-channel switching system II (4) for analysis, then repeating the step 3.2-3.4, and stopping an adsorption test or performing a long-period adsorption test of online feeding by utilizing an adsorbent online feeding system (9) to online add an adsorbent (49) until the removal rate gamma of the chromatograph (42) analyzed is lower than 10-70%;

step four, desorption and analysis process:

with the two-channel switching system I (2) and the two-channel switching system II (4), the desorption process can be switched between A, B, C three states:

a, simultaneous desorption of the adsorption desorber I (24) and the adsorption desorber II (25)

a1) Operating the state of the two-channel switching system I (2) and the state of the two-channel switching system II (4) to enable desorption gas to enter an adsorption desorber I (24) and an adsorption desorber II (25) which are connected in parallel;

a2) setting the purging replacement pressure P of a desorption gas system (7) to be 0.0-5.0 MPa, and simultaneously enabling the numerical value of an automatic flow control valve (16) and the numerical value of a total flow monitor (38) to meet the test requirement;

a3) opening the barrel-shaped heater (48) to enable the barrel-shaped heater (48) to reach a set temperature T of 50-500 ℃, and performing heating adsorbent regeneration;

a4) stopping the desorption gas system (7), closing the barrel-shaped heater (48), opening an adsorption and desorption system feed valve I (22), an adsorption and desorption system feed valve II (23), an adsorbent discharge valve I (26) and an adsorbent discharge valve II (27) when the system pressure is reduced to normal pressure, and enabling the adsorbent to enter an adsorbent collecting tank (28);

a5) performing BET, XRD and FT-IR analysis on the adsorbent (49) in the adsorbent collecting tank (28) by using an adsorbent analyzer (29) to calculate the adsorbent adsorption capacity U;

b, adsorption by an adsorption desorber I (24) and desorption by an adsorption desorber II (25) are carried out simultaneously:

b1) operating the state of the two-channel switching system I (2) to enable the gas to be detected of the gas supply system (1) to enter an adsorption desorber I (24) for adsorption test, simultaneously operating the two-channel switching system II (4) to enable the gas after adsorption to enter a chromatograph (42) for analysis through a pipeline J, and then performing the adsorption evaluation process of the steps 3.2-3.3 on the adsorption desorber I (24);

b2) meanwhile, operating the state of a dual-channel switching system I (2) to enable desorbed gas of a desorbed gas system (7) to enter an adsorption desorber II (25), operating a dual-channel switching system II (4) to enable the adsorption desorber II (25) to be connected into a pipeline Z and then to be connected into a tail gas discharge system (6), setting a pressure fine control valve (14) of the desorbed gas system (7) to a purging replacement pressure P of 0.0-5.0 MPa, adjusting a flow fine control valve (15) and an automatic flow control valve (16) of the desorbed gas system (7) until the numerical value of the automatic flow control valve (16) and the numerical value of a total flow monitor (38) reach test requirements, opening a barrel heater (48) to enable the desorption temperature to reach a set temperature T of 50-500 ℃, enabling a purging desorption gas source (11) to enter the adsorption desorber II (25) to regenerate an adsorbent (49), and stopping the desorbed gas system (7), closing the barrel-shaped heater (48), opening a feeding valve II (23) of the adsorption and desorption system and a discharge valve II (27) of the adsorbent when the pressure P of the system is reduced to the normal pressure, allowing the adsorbent to enter an adsorbent collecting tank (28), and performing BET, XRD and FT-IR analysis on the adsorbent in the adsorbent collecting tank (28) by using an adsorbent analyzer (29) to calculate the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent;

c, desorption of the adsorption desorber I (24), adsorption of the adsorption desorber II (25) and simultaneous operation processes of:

c1) operating the state of the two-channel switching system I (2) to enable the gas to be detected of the gas supply system (1) to enter an adsorption desorber II (25) for adsorption test, simultaneously operating the two-channel switching system II (4) to enable the gas after adsorption to enter a chromatograph (42) for analysis through a pipeline J, and then performing the adsorption evaluation process of the steps 3.2-3.3 on the adsorption desorber II (25);

c2) meanwhile, the state of a dual-channel switching system I (2) is operated, so that desorbed gas of a desorbed gas system (7) enters an adsorption desorber I (24), a dual-channel switching system II (4) is operated, so that the adsorption desorber I (24) is connected into a pipeline Z and then connected into a tail gas discharge system (6), a pressure fine control valve (14) of the desorbed gas system (7) is set to a purging replacement pressure P which is 0.0-5.0 MPa, a flow fine control valve (15) and an automatic flow control valve (16) of the desorbed gas system (7) are adjusted until the numerical value of the automatic flow control valve (16) and the numerical value of a total flow monitor (38) reach test requirements, a barrel heater (48) is opened so that the desorption temperature reaches a set temperature T which is 50-500 ℃, a purging desorption gas source (11) enters the adsorption desorber I (24) to regenerate an adsorbent (49), and the desorbed gas system (7) is stopped, closing the barrel-shaped heater (48), opening a feeding valve I (22) of the adsorption and desorption system and a discharge valve I (26) of the adsorbent when the pressure P of the system is reduced to the normal pressure, allowing the adsorbent to enter an adsorbent collecting tank (28), and performing BET, XRD and FT-IR analysis on the adsorbent in the adsorbent collecting tank (28) by using an adsorbent analyzer (29) to calculate the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent;

step five: and (3) removing system blockage:

when one or more of the combination of the adsorption and desorption system feed valve I (22), the adsorption and desorption system feed valve II (23), the adsorbent discharge valve I (26), the adsorbent discharge valve II (27), the adsorbent discharge valve I (33), the adsorbent discharge valve II (34) and the pipeline R, S is blocked, the purging and conveying gas source system (10) is opened to remove the blockage.

2. The method for evaluating the adsorption and desorption of the multi-element low carbon hydrocarbon according to claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the removal rate γ and the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent comprises the following steps:

(1) the calculation method of the removal rate gamma comprises the following steps:

γ＝(C _o -C _t )/C ₀ ×100

in the formula, C _t -component concentration at a certain moment, vol%;

C ₀ -initial state component concentration, vol%;

gamma-removal rate,%;

(2) the method for calculating the adsorption capacity U of the adsorbent comprises the following steps:

in the formula, C ₀ -initial concentration of a certain component, mol%;

C _t outlet enrichment of a certain component at time tDegree, mol%;

m-sorbent loading, g;

t-adsorption time, min;

fv-adsorbed gas flow, L/min;

M _f -the relative molecular mass of a certain component, g/mol;

u-adsorbent adsorption capacity, g/100g adsorbent.

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