CN110940544A

CN110940544A - Soil pollution detection method

Info

Publication number: CN110940544A
Application number: CN201911108671.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈晓菲
Original assignee: Xi'an Chongguangguangchen Testing Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Xi'an Chongguangguangchen Testing Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-13
Filing date: 2019-11-13
Publication date: 2020-03-31

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil pollution detection method, which specifically comprises the following steps: step 1, sampling soil; step 2, drying the soil sample collected in the step 1 to remove moisture, then adding acid, and then oscillating and heating; step 3, detecting the soil sample treated in the step 2; according to the soil pollution detection method, the sampling points are hexagonal sampling, the sampling points are rich, accurate detection of soil components in the test area is guaranteed, the steps are simple, the used raw materials are all low-cost and easily-available materials, and manpower and material resources are saved.

Description

Soil pollution detection method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and relates to a soil pollution detection method.

Background

Soil pollutants can be broadly classified into two broad categories, inorganic pollutants and organic pollutants. The inorganic pollutants mainly comprise acid, alkali, heavy metal, salts, compounds of radioactive elements cesium and strontium, compounds containing arsenic, selenium and fluorine, and the like. The organic pollutants mainly comprise organic pesticides, phenols, cyanides, petroleum, synthetic detergents, 3, 4-benzopyrene, harmful microorganisms brought by municipal sewage, sludge and animal manure, and the like; when the soil contains excessive harmful substances and exceeds the self-cleaning capacity of the soil, the composition, the structure and the function of the soil are changed, the activity of microorganisms is inhibited, and the harmful substances or decomposition products thereof are gradually accumulated in the soil and are indirectly absorbed by the human body through the soil → plants → the human body, so that the degree of harming the health of the human body is reached; therefore, the detection of the soil pollution components is very important, the sampling is ensured to be accurate in the detection process, and the accuracy of test data is difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a soil pollution detection method, which solves the problems of non-uniform sampling and inaccurate component test in the existing soil detection.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the soil pollution detection method is implemented according to the following steps:

step 1, sampling soil;

step 2, drying the soil sample collected in the step 1 to remove moisture, then adding acid, and then oscillating and heating;

and 3, detecting the soil sample treated in the step 2.

The invention is also characterized in that:

wherein the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: selecting a sampling area, arranging a plurality of sampling points, and finally sampling;

wherein the plurality of sampling points are in a regular hexagon shape;

wherein the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps: putting the soil sample collected in the step 1 into an evaporation dish, heating at 100-120 ℃, removing water, and then adding acid after removing water to perform vibration heating;

wherein the acid adding process is adding nitric acid and phosphoric acid;

wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 10-11 percent, and the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 5-10 percent;

wherein the oscillating heating process in the step 2 comprises the following steps: firstly, oscillating a soil sample after adding acid in an oscillator for 10-12 h, then taking out, heating and drying to remove redundant acid;

wherein the detection process of the step 3 is as follows: grinding and sieving the soil sample treated in the step 2, adding distilled water, oscillating, filtering, and detecting the filtrate;

wherein the oscillation time is 5-6 h;

wherein the volume ratio of the distilled water to the soil sample is 3: 1.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the soil pollution detection method, the sampling points are hexagonal sampling, the sampling points are rich, accurate detection of soil components in the test area is guaranteed, the steps are simple, the used raw materials are all low-cost and easily-available materials, and manpower and material resources are saved.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

The invention provides a soil pollution detection method, which is implemented by the following steps:

step 1, soil sampling: selecting a sampling area, and arranging a plurality of sampling points in a regular hexagon shape; finally, sampling is carried out;

step 2, drying the soil sample collected in the step 1 to remove moisture, then adding acid, and then oscillating and heating:

putting the soil sample collected in the step 1 into an evaporation dish, heating at 100-120 ℃, removing water, and then adding acid after removing water to perform vibration heating; wherein the acid adding process is adding nitric acid and phosphoric acid; wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 10-11 percent, and the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 5-10 percent; the oscillating and heating process is that firstly, the soil sample after being added with acid is oscillated in an oscillator for 10-12 hours, and then the soil sample is taken out to be heated and dried to remove the redundant acid;

step 3, detecting the soil sample treated in the step 2: grinding and sieving the soil sample treated in the step 2, adding distilled water, oscillating, filtering, and detecting the filtrate; wherein the oscillation time is 5-6 h; wherein the volume ratio of the distilled water to the soil sample is 3: 1.

Claims

1. A soil pollution detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, sampling soil;

and 3, detecting the soil sample treated in the step 2.

2. The soil pollution detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is specifically as follows: selecting a sampling area, arranging a plurality of sampling points, and finally sampling.

3. The soil pollution detection method of claim 2, wherein the plurality of sampling points are in a regular hexagonal shape.

4. The soil pollution detection method according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises: and (3) putting the soil sample collected in the step (1) into an evaporation dish, heating at 100-120 ℃, removing water, and then adding acid after removing water to vibrate and heat.

5. The method for detecting soil pollution according to claim 1, wherein the acid adding process is adding nitric acid and phosphoric acid.

6. The soil pollution detection method according to claim 5, wherein the mass fraction of the nitric acid is 10-11%, and the mass fraction of the phosphoric acid is 5-10%.

7. The soil pollution detection method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oscillating heating in step 2 comprises: firstly, oscillating the soil sample after adding acid in an oscillator for 10-12 h, then taking out, heating and drying to remove redundant acid.

8. The soil pollution detection method of claim 1, wherein the detection process of step 3 is as follows: and (3) grinding and sieving the soil sample treated in the step (2), adding distilled water, oscillating, filtering after oscillation, and finally detecting the filtrate.

9. The soil pollution detection method according to claim 8, wherein the oscillation time is 5-6 hours.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the volume ratio of the distilled water to the soil sample is 3: 1.