CN101234334A - Natural material simulating plant to accumulate organic pollutant in the air - Google Patents
Natural material simulating plant to accumulate organic pollutant in the air Download PDFInfo
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- CN101234334A CN101234334A CNA2007101564340A CN200710156434A CN101234334A CN 101234334 A CN101234334 A CN 101234334A CN A2007101564340 A CNA2007101564340 A CN A2007101564340A CN 200710156434 A CN200710156434 A CN 200710156434A CN 101234334 A CN101234334 A CN 101234334A
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- plant
- cutin
- cuticula
- natural material
- organic pollution
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- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 69
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical group ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229920000832 Cutin Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalic acid Substances OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium oxalate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O VBIXEXWLHSRNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003325 Ilex Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209035 Ilex Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008534 Capsicum annuum var annuum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000008384 Capsicum annuum var. annuum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001976 enzyme digestion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000227653 Lycopersicon Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011076 safety test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011511 Diospyros Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000236655 Diospyros kaki Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003920 environmental process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a natural material which imitates organic pollutants in plant accumulation air and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the followings steps: 1) separating cuticles on external surfaces of plants by using the method of chemistry or biological ferment decomposition, drying, grinding and sieving 20 to 100 mesh; 2) treating the cuticles for 1 to 6 hours under a temperature of 50 to 70 DEG C with organic solvents to remove waxy components in the plant cuticles; 3) making water curing treatment for 3 to 6 hours with hydrochloric acid of 1 to 6mol/L, then removing sugar components, making filtration and washing with water to neutrality, thus obtaining natural model materials after drying. The natural materials can serve as an imitate media for organic pollutants in plant accumulation air in particular to the persistent organic pollutants; organic pollutants attached on the imitating materials can be used for analyzing and determining the accumulation amount of the organics after being extracted by the organic solvents, while the desorbed imitating materials can be recycled and used. The imitating materials can be used for the research on regional distribution conditions of organic pollutants in the atmospheric environment and the evaluation of health risks of the organic pollutants accumulated in agricultural products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the development and application of the simulation material of environmental process, the natural material of organic pollution in especially a kind of simulating plant accumulation air.
Background technology
The agricultural product security problem has caused the extensive concern of government and society.2006, lay special stress on is set up the importance of agricultural product quality and safety test system in " the national agricultural product quality and safety test system construction plan " of the establishment of the Ministry of Agriculture of country, comprises the safety monitoring and the evaluation of agricultural product production (comprising agroecological environment, agriculture input) and agricultural product quality.Good agroecological environment just can be produced healthy agricultural product.Yet, the atmosphere polluting problem that is on the rise, particularly persistence organic pollutant pollutes, the residual concentration of the organic pollution in the agricultural product is raise, to agricultural product security particularly the safety of vegetable and fruit and grain constitute a serious threat, influence export of farm produce processing trade and harm population health.Therefore, accurately predicting and estimate organic contamination in the air influence of agricultural product is seemed particularly important, is the important content in the safety verification detection architecture of agricultural product quality.
The plant cuticula is the first road barrier of organic pollution in plant contact, absorption, accumulation, migration, the conversion environment, to organic pollution in environment-botanical system the migration conversion and the safety in production of agricultural product play a crucial role.Organic pollution on the plant cuticula suction-operated and to stride membrane process be very typical hypergene behavior, behavior generation material impact is circulated, returns in remote conveying, the zone of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) organic pollution of etc.ing with the whole world.
Floristics is various, and different types of plant cuticula all there are differences at composition and properties.Cuticular heterogeneity makes that different types of plant is different to the absorption of organic pollution with accumulation, makes corresponding evaluation become complicated and be difficult to and operates.Therefore need to seek scientific and reasonable cast material and estimate the absorption and the accumulation of plant organic pollution.Adopt at present usually extractible fat (soluble lipids) content to come the accumulation situation of pre-measuring plants to organic pollution, however a large amount of studies show that, the plant of the method prediction to the accumulation of organic pollution well below actual conditions.What we were nearest discovers, the significant points of plant absorbing accumulation organic pollution is polymerized fatty (polymeric lipids) rather than the extractibility fat in the cuticula.So far do not see the report of the natural simulation material of organic pollution in the plant accumulation air.Patent of the present invention is intended to by the improved plant cuticula, and the polymerized fatty that extracts in the plant cuticula is estimated the accumulation of plant to organic pollution as cast material.
Summary of the invention
The natural material that the purpose of this invention is to provide organic pollution in a kind of simulating plant accumulation air.
The natural material of organic pollution comprises the steps: in the simulating plant accumulation air
1) cuticula of the method separating plant outer surface of usefulness chemistry or biological enzymolysis, drying and crushing, 20～100 orders sieve;
2) handled 1-6 hour down at 50～70 ℃ with organic solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula;
3) with the hydrochloric acid of 1～6mol/L after 100 ℃ of water bath processing 3-6 hours, remove wherein carbohydrate components, filter, wash to neutrality drying with water.
Described plant cutin is the cutin of plant leaf surface or pericarp.The plant leaf surface cutin is pine needle cutin, Chinese ilex cutin or tealeaves cutin.The pericarp cutin is tomato cutin, apple cutin or green pepper cutin.Chemical method is: at 2-4gL
-1Oxalic acid and 8-16gL
-1Ammonium oxalate solution in, stir down 5-24h at 40-90 ℃.Biological enzyme digestion method is: under the 2-4 condition, the pectase and the cellulase that are respectively 2-5% with mass percent concentration soak plant cutin, enzymolysis processing 1-3 days, separating plant cuticula in the pH value.The volume ratio of pectase and cellulase solution is 1: 1-1: 4.Organic solvent is chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent.
Main component of the present invention is the polymerism fat in the plant cuticula, but utilizes organic pollution in this material simulating plant cuticula absorption and accumulation air; This simulation material is realized the regeneration cycle use easily.This simulation material can be used as the passive sampling device, the situation of organic pollution in the accumulation of the monitoring plant on a large scale air, and the zone migration process of evaluation organic pollution, Latitude Distribution or Different Altitude distribute or the like; Simultaneously, this simulation material can be used for the situation of organic pollution in the prosecution agricultural product absorption and accumulation air, for scientific evaluation is polluted the agricultural product security problem that causes by organic matter in the air.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is intended to by the improved plant cuticula, and the polymerized fatty that extracts in the plant cuticula is estimated the accumulation of plant to organic pollution as simulation material; Estimate natural simulation material reclaiming simultaneously and utilize method.
Embodiment 1
Get the tomato cuticula, at 4gL
-1Oxalic acid and 16gL
-1Ammonium oxalate solution in, stir down 24h at 40 ℃, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, drying and crushing, 20 orders sieve; Mixed solvent with chloroform and methyl alcohol was handled 2 hours down at 70 ℃, removed the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 3 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-1 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L.
Embodiment 2
The apple cuticula is at 4gL
-1Oxalic acid and 16gL
-1Ammonium oxalate solution in, stir down 24h at 40 ℃, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, drying and crushing, 20 orders sieve; Mixed solvent with chloroform and methyl alcohol was handled 2 hours down at 70 ℃, removed the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 3 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-2 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L.
Embodiment 3
Get the tomato cuticula, at 4gL
-1Oxalic acid and 16gL
-1Ammonium oxalate solution in, stir down 5h at 90 ℃, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, drying and crushing, 100 orders sieve; Handled 6 hours down at 50 ℃ with chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 6 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-3 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 3mol/L.
Embodiment 4
Get apple persimmon cuticula, at 4g.L
-1Oxalic acid and 16g.L
-1Ammonium oxalate solution in, stir down 5h at 90 ℃, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, drying and crushing, 100 orders sieve; Handled 6 hours down at 50 ℃ with chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 6 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-4 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 3mol/L.
Embodiment 5
Get the tomato cuticula, under the effect of pectase 2% and 2% cellulase, its volume ratio is 1: 1, and enzymolysis is 3 days under control pH 2 values, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, and drying and crushing, 20 orders sieve; Handled 2 hours down at 70 ℃ with chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 3 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-5 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L.
Embodiment 6
Get the tomato cuticula, under the effect of pectase 5% and 5% cellulase, its volume ratio is 1: 4, and enzymolysis is 1 day under control pH 4 values, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, and drying and crushing, 20 orders sieve; Handled 2 hours down at 70 ℃ with chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 3 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-6 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L.
Embodiment 7
Get the tomato cuticula, under the effect of pectase 5% and 5% cellulase, its volume ratio is 1: 1, and enzymolysis is 1 day under the control pH2 value, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, and drying and crushing, 100 orders sieve; Handled 6 hours down at 50 ℃ with chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 6 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-7 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 3mol/L.
Embodiment 8
Get the cuticula of apple, under the effect of pectase 5% and 5% cellulase, its volume ratio is 1: 1, and enzymolysis is 3 days under control pH 2 values, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, and drying and crushing, 100 orders sieve; Mixed solvent with chloroform and methyl alcohol was handled 6 hours down at 70 ℃, removed the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 6 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-8 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 3mol/L.
Embodiment 9
Get the pine needle cuticula, at 4gL
-1Oxalic acid and 16g.L
-1Ammonium oxalate solution in, stir down 24h at 40 ℃, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, drying and crushing, 20 orders sieve; Mixed solvent with chloroform and methyl alcohol was handled 2 hours down at 70 ℃, removed the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 3 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-9 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L.
Embodiment 10
Get the cuticula of tealeaves, at 4gL
-1Oxalic acid and 16gL
-1Ammonium oxalate solution in, stir down 5h at 90 ℃, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, drying and crushing, 100 orders sieve; Mixed solvent with chloroform and methyl alcohol was handled 6 hours down at 60 ℃, removed the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 6 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-10 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 3mol/L.
Embodiment 11
Get the pine needle cuticula, under the effect of pectase 2% and 2% cellulase, its volume ratio is 1: 1, and enzymolysis is 3 days under the control pH2 value, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, and drying and crushing, 20 orders sieve; Handled 2 hours down at 70 ℃ with chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 3 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-11 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 6mol/L.
Embodiment 12
Get the Chinese ilex cuticula, under the effect of pectase 5% and 5% cellulase, its volume ratio is 1: 4, and enzymolysis is 2 days under the control pH2 value, the cuticula of separating plant outer surface, and drying and crushing, 100 orders sieve; Handled 6 hours down at 50 ℃ with chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula; Then remove wherein carbohydrate components, after 6 hours, filter, wash with water, make natural model material (key component is a polymerized fatty) NMM-12 after the drying to neutrality in 100 ℃ of water bath processing with the hydrochloric acid of 3mol/L.
Embodiment 13
This example is investigated the renovation process of natural simulation material.The mixed solvent of natural simulation material NMM-1～NMM-12 after using by chloroform and methyl alcohol extracted the organic pollution that is accumulated, measure its concentration; And the cast material after the desorb can reuse.
Claims (8)
1. the natural material of organic pollution in the simulating plant accumulation air is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) cuticula of the method separating plant outer surface of usefulness chemistry or biological enzymolysis, drying and crushing, 20～100 orders sieve;
2) handled 1-6 hour down at 50～70 ℃ with organic solvent, remove the waxy component in the plant cuticula;
3) with the hydrochloric acid of 1～6mol/L after 100 ℃ of water bath processing 3-6 hours, remove wherein carbohydrate components, filter, wash to neutrality drying with water.
2. the natural material of organic pollution is characterized in that described plant cutin is the cutin of plant leaf surface or pericarp in a kind of simulating plant accumulation air according to claim 1.
3. the natural material of organic pollution is characterized in that described plant leaf surface cutin is pine needle cutin, Chinese ilex cutin or tealeaves cutin in a kind of simulating plant accumulation air according to claim 2.
4. the natural material of organic pollution is characterized in that described pericarp cutin is tomato cutin, apple cutin or green pepper cutin in a kind of simulating plant accumulation air according to claim 2.
5. the natural material of organic pollution is characterized in that described chemical method is: at 2-4gL in a kind of simulating plant accumulation air according to claim 1
-1Oxalic acid and 8-16gL
-1Ammonium oxalate solution in, stir down 5-24h at 40-90 ℃.
6. the natural material of organic pollution in a kind of simulating plant accumulation air according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described biological enzyme digestion method is: in the pH value is under the 2-4 condition, the pectase and the cellulase that are respectively 2-5% with mass percent concentration soak the plant cutin, enzymolysis processing 1-3 days, the separating plant cuticula.
7. the natural material of organic pollution in a kind of simulating plant accumulation air according to claim 6, the volume ratio that it is characterized in that described pectase and cellulase solution is 1: 1-1: 4.
8. the natural material of organic pollution is characterized in that described organic solvent is chloroform, methyl alcohol or their mixed solvent in a kind of simulating plant accumulation air according to claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101564340A CN101234334A (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2007-10-30 | Natural material simulating plant to accumulate organic pollutant in the air |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101564340A CN101234334A (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2007-10-30 | Natural material simulating plant to accumulate organic pollutant in the air |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101234334A true CN101234334A (en) | 2008-08-06 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2007101564340A Pending CN101234334A (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2007-10-30 | Natural material simulating plant to accumulate organic pollutant in the air |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102342570A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-02-08 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | Separating method of fruit skin layer |
| CN108043364A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-18 | 湖南广播电视大学 | A kind of preparation and application of novel porous flaxen fiber heavy metal absorbent |
| CN108414295A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-17 | 佛山市诺瓦安评检测有限公司 | Industrial enzyme mixing dirt sampling apparatus and the method for sampling in workplace air |
-
2007
- 2007-10-30 CN CNA2007101564340A patent/CN101234334A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102342570A (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2012-02-08 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | Separating method of fruit skin layer |
| CN102342570B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-03 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | Separating method of fruit skin layer |
| CN108043364A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-18 | 湖南广播电视大学 | A kind of preparation and application of novel porous flaxen fiber heavy metal absorbent |
| CN108414295A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-17 | 佛山市诺瓦安评检测有限公司 | Industrial enzyme mixing dirt sampling apparatus and the method for sampling in workplace air |
| CN108414295B (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2021-06-29 | 广东诺瓦安评检测有限公司 | Sampling device and sampling method for industrial enzyme mixed dust in air of workplace |
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Open date: 20080806 |