CN110939405A - Process method for injecting cement in well cementation project - Google Patents
Process method for injecting cement in well cementation project Download PDFInfo
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- CN110939405A CN110939405A CN201911422381.1A CN201911422381A CN110939405A CN 110939405 A CN110939405 A CN 110939405A CN 201911422381 A CN201911422381 A CN 201911422381A CN 110939405 A CN110939405 A CN 110939405A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/001—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing unburned clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/40—Spacer compositions, e.g. compositions used to separate well-drilling from cementing masses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/46—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells containing inorganic binders, e.g. Portland cement
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/70—Grouts, e.g. injection mixtures for cables for prestressed concrete
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses a process method for injecting cement in a well cementation project, which comprises the following steps: running a casing in the wellbore; pumping spacer fluid with the density of 1.30sg into the sleeve; a lower rubber plug is put in; sequentially pumping and injecting leading slurry and tail slurry into the casing, wherein the leading slurry is cement slurry with the density of 1.45sg, and the tail slurry is cement slurry with the density of 1.75 sg; an upper rubber plug is put in; injecting drilling fluid with the density of less than 1.18sg into the casing for replacement, enabling the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry to return to a preset height position in an annular space between the outside of the casing and a well wall, wherein the annular return speed of the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry in the annular space is not less than 0.21 s/m; and (5) pressing by a gluing plug, stabilizing the pressure, emptying, waiting for setting and finishing construction. The invention enables the tail slurry, the collar slurry and the spacer fluid to simultaneously meet the theoretical condition of wall surface shear stress, can effectively improve the replacement efficiency of cement slurry, improve the cementing quality of cement and stratum and realize effective packing under the conditions of large inclination and difficult standard reaching of the centering degree of a horizontal well casing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil field well cementing engineering, and particularly relates to a process method for injecting cement in the well cementing engineering.
Background
The cementing operation in the oil-gas well cementing project is a key process after a casing is put into a well, and the cementing operation has the function of sealing the annular space between the casing and a well wall so as to seal an oil-gas water layer and enable the casing to become a channel for oil gas to enter the well. In the operation of the cement slurry injection, spacer fluid, leading slurry and tail slurry are injected into an annular space between the outside of the sleeve and the well wall through the inner sleeve of the oil-gas well in sequence, and residual drilling fluid (slurry) on the well wall is replaced. At present, because the casing centering degree of a highly deviated well or a horizontal well is inevitably low, a wide-edge and narrow-edge effect occurs in the displacement process, and a mud residual well wall forms a virtual mud cake, the wall shear stress theory is difficult to meet (the density of a displacement liquid is at least 10% higher than that of a displaced liquid, the rheological property is at least 20% higher, and the theoretical sequence of the rheological properties of four kinds of slurry is that tail slurry is larger than leading slurry, and isolating liquid is larger than mud), so that the cement cemented formation is poor in quality.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cement injection process method in well cementation engineering, which can meet the wall shear stress theory, can effectively improve the replacement efficiency of cement paste, improve the cementation quality of cement and a stratum and realize effective packing under the conditions of large inclination and difficult standard reaching of the centering degree of a horizontal well casing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a process method for injecting cement in well cementation engineering is suitable for a highly deviated well or a horizontal well which is drilled by drilling fluid with the density of less than 1.18sg, and comprises the following steps:
running a casing in the wellbore;
pumping spacer fluid with the density of 1.30sg into the sleeve;
a lower rubber plug is put in;
sequentially pumping and injecting leading slurry and tail slurry into the sleeve, wherein the leading slurry is cement slurry with the density of 1.45sg, and the tail slurry is cement slurry with the density of 1.75 sg;
an upper rubber plug is put in;
injecting drilling fluid with the density of less than 1.18sg into the casing for replacement, and enabling the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry to upwards return to a preset height position in an annular space between the outside of the casing and a well wall, wherein the annular return speed of the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry in the annular space is not less than 0.21 s/m;
and the gluing plug is pressed, stabilized, emptied, and subjected to waiting for setting, and the construction is finished.
Preferably, the 1.45sg cement slurry consists of the following components in parts by weight:
preferably, the 1.75sg cement slurry consists of the following components in parts by weight:
preferably, the 1.30sg spacer fluid consists of the following components in parts by weight:
preferably, the circulation temperature in the well is 56 °.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, 1.45sg cement slurry (as leading slurry) and 1.75sg cement slurry (as tail slurry) are configured, and the spacer fluid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry are displaced into an inner annular space between the casing and the well wall at a certain annular return speed, so that the tail slurry, the leading slurry and the spacer fluid can meet the theoretical condition of wall shear stress under the condition that the performance of the cement slurry, and can effectively improve the displacement efficiency, improve the cementing quality of cement and a stratum and realize effective packing under the condition that the intermediate degree of a highly deviated well and a horizontal well casing is difficult to reach the standard. Meanwhile, 1.75sg cement slurry can be mixed with 1.45sg cement slurry to reach a stable state, and chemical reaction does not occur under the conditions of bottom hole temperature and pressure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plot of shear rate (annulus return velocity) versus wall shear stress for drilling fluid, spacer fluid, lead slurry, and tail slurry in the annulus at a circulation temperature of 56 ° in the well of the present invention.
Detailed Description
So that those skilled in the art can better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a process method for injecting cement in well cementation engineering, which is suitable for a large inclined well or a horizontal well drilled by drilling fluid with the density of less than 1.18sg, and the circulation temperature in the well is 56 degrees, and the process method comprises the following steps:
running a casing in the wellbore;
pumping spacer fluid with the density of 1.30sg into the sleeve;
a lower rubber plug is put in;
sequentially pumping and injecting leading slurry and tail slurry into the sleeve, wherein the leading slurry is cement slurry with the density of 1.45sg, and the tail slurry is cement slurry with the density of 1.75 sg;
an upper rubber plug is put in;
injecting drilling fluid with the density of less than 1.18sg into the casing for replacement, and returning the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry to a preset height position in an annular space between the outside of the casing and a well wall, wherein the annular return speed of the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry is not less than 0.21s/m in the process of returning the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry to the annular space;
and the gluing plug is pressed, stabilized, emptied, and subjected to waiting for setting, and the construction is finished.
1.30sg spacer fluid were prepared as follows:
the 1.30sg isolating solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation process method of the 1.30sg spacer fluid comprises the following steps:
adding 100 parts of water into a first stirrer;
adding 7.5 parts of Nakeguta soil.
Fully hydrating for 40-48 h;
adding 1.5 parts of a thickening agent which is a product with the code of D1001 and produced by Chengdu Doudao actual industry limited company;
adding 38 parts of barite;
fully stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 8000-10000r/min, and the stirring time is 60 s.
Preparation of 1.30sg spacer was completed.
The experimental data of the spacer fluid prepared by the process method are as follows:
experimental project | Results of the experiment |
Density of | 1.30 |
Difference in density of slurry | <0.02 |
The six-speed values are as follows:
temp/° C/rotational speed | 600 | 300 | 200 | 100 | 6 | 3 |
56 | 92 | 60 | 45 | 32 | 7 | 5 |
Based on a six-speed value that the circulation temperature of the 1.30sg isolation fluid in the well is 56 degrees, the shear rate and the shear stress are obtained through a power law model, and a rheological curve of the 1.30sg isolation fluid is drawn, as shown in figure 1. The rheology of the 1.30sg spacer fluid is at least 20% higher than the rheology of the drilling fluid at a shear rate (annulus return) of not less than 0.21 s/m.
1.45sgWater (W)The slurry was prepared as follows:
the 1.45sg cement paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation process method of the 1.45sg cement slurry comprises the following steps:
adding 100 parts of cement into a second stirrer, wherein the cement is oil well G-grade oil well cement produced by a 0man cement plant;
4 parts of micro-silicon is added into a second stirrer, wherein the micro-silicon is produced by Tianjin Keli Oll Limited oil well micro-silicon;
adding 16 parts of lightening admixture into a second stirrer, and standing, wherein the lightening admixture is a BYJ product produced by Tianjin Keli Auer Limited company;
adding 80 parts of water into a third stirrer;
1.8 parts of a suspending agent is added into a third stirrer, wherein the suspending agent is a product with the code of BCS-040S and is produced by China Petroleum ocean engineering Co.Ltd;
adding 8 parts of a first fluid loss agent into a third stirrer, wherein the first fluid loss agent is a product with the code of CG212L and is produced by Tianjin Keli Aole Limited company;
stirring by a third stirrer, wherein the stirring revolution is 4000r/min and the stirring time is 60 s;
pouring the materials in the second stirring machine which is kept standing into a third stirring machine, and continuously stirring while pouring, wherein the stirring revolution is 4000r/min, and the stirring time is 120 s;
finally, independently stirring, adding 1 part of defoaming agent into a third stirrer while stirring, wherein the stirring revolution is 2000r/min, the stirring time is 20s, and the defoaming agent is a product with the code of CX410L, which is produced by Tianjin Keli Oll Co., Ltd;
preparation of a 1.45sg cement slurry was completed.
The experimental data of the cement slurry 1.45sg prepared by the process method are as follows:
experimental project | Results of the experiment |
Density of | 1.45 |
Difference in density of slurry | <0.02 |
Draining water | 0ml |
Loss of water (1000psi condition) | <48cc |
Compressive strength (Water conservation 48h) | >1300psi |
The six-speed values are:
based on the six-speed value of the 1.45sg cement slurry, the shear rate and the shear stress are calculated through a power law model, a rheological curve of the 1.45sg cement slurry is drawn, and when the shear rate (annular return speed) is not less than 0.21s/m, the rheology of the 1.45sg cement slurry is at least 20% higher than that of the 1.30sg isolation liquid at the time, as shown in figure 1.
1.75sg cement slurry make up as follows:
the 1.75sg cement paste comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation process of the 1.75sg cement slurry comprises the following steps:
adding 100 parts of cement into a fourth stirrer, wherein the cement is oil well G-grade cement produced by a 0man cement plant;
3 parts of micro-silicon is added into a fourth stirrer, wherein the micro-silicon is produced by Tianjin Keli Oll Limited oil well micro-silicon;
adding 5 parts of lightening admixture into a fourth stirrer, and standing, wherein the lightening admixture is a BYJ product produced by Tianjin Keli Auer Limited company;
adding 48.6 parts of water into a fifth stirrer;
6.4 parts of a second fluid loss agent is added into a fifth stirrer for stirring, wherein the stirring revolution is 4000r/min, the stirring time is 60s, and the second fluid loss agent is a product with the code of BCG-200L, which is produced by China Petroleum ocean engineering Co., Ltd;
pouring the materials in the fourth stirring machine which is kept standing into a fifth stirring machine, and continuously stirring while pouring, wherein the stirring revolution is 4000r/min, and the stirring time is 120 s;
finally, independently stirring, and adding 1 part of defoaming agent into a fifth stirrer while stirring, wherein the stirring revolution is 2000r/min, the stirring time is 20s, and the defoaming agent is a product with the code of CX410L, which is produced by Tianjin Keli Oll Co., Ltd;
preparation of a 1.75sg cement slurry was completed.
The experimental data of the cement slurry 1.75sg prepared by the process method are as follows:
experimental project | Results of the experiment |
Density of pressure densitometer | 1.75 |
Difference in density of slurry | <0.02sg |
Draining water | 0ml |
Loss of water(at 1000 psi) | <36cc |
Compressive strength (Water conservation 48h) | >2500psi |
Six-speed numerical values:
based on the six-speed value of the 1.75sg cement slurry, the shear rate and the shear stress are calculated through a power law model, a rheological curve of the 1.75sg cement slurry is drawn, and when the shear rate (annular return speed) is not less than 0.21s/m, the rheology of the 1.75sg cement slurry is at least 20% higher than that of the 1.45sg isolation liquid at the time, as shown in figure 1.
Based on the data, the invention realizes that when the annular return speed of the spacer fluid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry is not less than 0.21s/m, the tail slurry, the leading slurry and the spacer fluid can meet the standard of cement slurry performance, and simultaneously meet the theoretical conditions of wall surface shear stress (namely, the density of the displacing fluid is at least 10% higher than that of the displaced fluid, the rheological property is at least 20% higher, and the theoretical sequence of the rheological properties of the four slurries is that the tail slurry is greater than the leading slurry and the spacer fluid is greater than that of the slurry), so that the displacement efficiency can be effectively improved, the cementing quality of cement and stratum can be improved, and effective packing can be realized under the conditions of large inclination and moderate horizontal well casing which are difficult to reach the standard. Meanwhile, 1.75sg cement slurry can be mixed with 1.45sg cement slurry to reach a stable state, and chemical reaction does not occur under the conditions of bottom hole temperature and pressure.
Example 1:
this example 1 is for a highly deviated well (well) with a depth of 2366m, the maximum well deviation is 79 ° and the circulation temperature in the well is 56 °, the drilling fluid used is a drilling fluid with a density of less than 1.18sg, the average well diameter is 13in (inches), the casing diameter is 9.625in (inches), the average annulus cross-section is 0.03867m2。
Step 1, setting a casing in a borehole;
step 2, after casing is put in, drilling fluid is injected in a top-through circulation mode (generally circulating for 2 weeks), the discharge capacity is slow, and the pumping pressure is stable from 0.38m3Min is increased to 2.73m3Min, adjusting the performance of the drilling fluid to ensure that the funnel viscosity is less than 45 Pa.s and the dynamic shear force is less than 5 Pa;
step 3, injecting an isolation liquid: injecting the spacer fluid by a cement truck for 16m3Its displacement is 0.7955m3/min;
Step 4, putting a lower rubber plug;
step 5, injecting cement paste: adopting a cement truck to inject collar slurry of 65m3Its displacement is 0.7955m3Min; tail pulp 15m3Its displacement is 0.7955m3/min;
Step 6, placing an upper rubber plug;
step 7, replacing the drilling fluid 88m with a mud pump3The discharge capacity is 2.703m3Min, at last 15.9m3When replacing, the displacement is 0.509m3The annular return speeds of the spacer fluid, the collar slurry and the tail slurry in the annular space are respectively 1.16s/m (return speed in the early injection stage) and 0.22s/m (return speed in the later injection stage), and the annular return speeds of the tail slurry in the annular space are respectively 1.16s/m (return speed in the early injection stage) and 0.22s/m
(late stage injection stage return speed); and finally, returning the leading slurry to the ground, returning the tail slurry to 1979m, and completely returning the spacer fluid out of the stratum.
Step 8, pressing the glue plug;
step 9, pressure stabilization and emptying: stabilizing the pressure for 2-3 min after the collision pressure, releasing the pressure to 0psi, and observing the reflux condition; if the air is not emptied, the poor pressure and the high freezing point are higher than the static pressure difference of 290-435 psi;
and step 10, measuring the sound amplitude after waiting for 24 hours.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalents may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and equivalents should also be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A process method for injecting cement in well cementation engineering is characterized in that the process method is suitable for a highly deviated well or a horizontal well which is drilled by adopting drilling fluid with the density of less than 1.18sg, and comprises the following steps:
running a casing in the wellbore;
pumping spacer fluid with the density of 1.30sg into the sleeve;
a lower rubber plug is put in;
sequentially pumping and injecting leading slurry and tail slurry into the sleeve, wherein the leading slurry is cement slurry with the density of 1.45sg, and the tail slurry is cement slurry with the density of 1.75 sg;
an upper rubber plug is put in;
injecting drilling fluid with the density of less than 1.18sg into the casing for replacement, and enabling the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry to upwards return to a preset height position in an annular space between the outside of the casing and a well wall, wherein the annular return speed of the isolating liquid, the leading slurry and the tail slurry in the annular space is not less than 0.21 s/m;
and the gluing plug is pressed, stabilized, emptied, and subjected to waiting for setting, and the construction is finished.
5. the process of cementing in a well cementation project according to claim 4, wherein the well circulation temperature is 56 °.
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Cited By (1)
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CN113356790A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-07 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Low-temperature shallow well cementing method |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113356790A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-09-07 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Low-temperature shallow well cementing method |
CN113356790B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-20 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Low-temperature shallow well cementing method |
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