CN110938319A - Equipment and method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black by improving single-furnace yield and yield - Google Patents
Equipment and method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black by improving single-furnace yield and yield Download PDFInfo
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- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
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Abstract
The invention discloses equipment and a method for producing semi-reinforced carbon black by improving the yield and the yield of a single furnace, wherein the equipment comprises a combustion chamber, a tubular furnace burner, a tubular furnace natural gas preheater, a tubular furnace burner and a tubular furnace process air preheater, wherein the tubular furnace burner is provided with a first natural gas inlet, a combustion-supporting tail gas inlet and a second tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet; the top of the tubular furnace natural gas preheater is provided with a second natural gas inlet and a natural gas outlet, and the natural gas and the combustion tail gas exchange heat in a radiation mode; the side wall of the tubular furnace process air preheater is provided with a process air inlet and a process air outlet, and the process air and the combustion tail gas exchange heat in a convection mode. The invention uses sensible heat and chemical heat of the low-heat value carbon black tail gas to preheat the raw material for producing the carbon black and the process air through the tubular heating furnace, so that the heat of the raw material entering the carbon black reaction furnace is increased, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the yield and the single-furnace yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon black production, in particular to a device and a method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black by improving single-furnace yield and yield.
Background
In the early 50 s of the last century, natural gas is used as a raw material by Chinese science and technology personnel, and a semi-reinforced carbon black production technology and process equipment are invented, the development of the rubber industry in China is greatly promoted by the invention of the technology, but the current single-furnace yield is 1500 tons/year, the online air preheating is about 150 ℃, 6000 standard natural gas is consumed by each ton of carbon black due to the factors of high product property particularity (high product viscosity, easy bridging and pipe plugging), large tail gas amount generated by unit yield and the like, and the energy consumption is always high.
The semi-reinforcing carbon black is prepared by using natural gas as a raw material and incompletely combusting the natural gas and process air to obtain black powder, wherein the reaction temperature is 1050-1300 ℃, the reaction temperature is 1050 ℃ and is quenched by water to be below 800 ℃ to terminate the cracking reaction, the reaction mechanism is complex, and a plurality of reaction processes exist simultaneously. However, the main reaction, as analyzed by the final product after the reaction, is composed of the following reaction formula:
CH4+2O2＝CO2+2H2O+801.3KJ (1)
CH4＝C+2H2-77.748KJ (2)
CH4+O2＝CO+H2+H2O+277.552KJ (3)
other secondary reactions are also numerous such as:
C+H2O＝CO+H2
CO2+H2＝CO+H2O
the reaction formula (2) is the main reaction process for obtaining the carbon black product, the larger the proportion of the carbon black product is, the higher the yield of the carbon black is, the temperature for producing the carbon black at the natural gas cracking temperature is 1000 ℃, the cracking speed is accelerated along with the temperature rise, and the temperature of the reaction furnace is required to be controlled between 1050 ℃ and 1300 ℃.
The heat required by equation (2) and the heat required to heat the entire mass to 1300 c are provided by the reactions of equations (1) and (3), and the process of heating the reactants results in a decrease in the production efficiency of carbon black, a decrease in the single pass yield, and an increase in the consumption of natural gas.
In addition, the temperature of tail gas generated in the production process of semi-reinforcing carbon black is 160-200 ℃, the tail gas contains hydrogen, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like, the heat value is about 2000KJ/Nm3, and the tail gas is not fully utilized because a small factory is discharged by combustion and a large factory is used for burning a boiler as fuel.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides equipment and a method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black by improving the yield and the yield of a single furnace.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a device for improving the yield and the yield of a single furnace and producing semi-reinforced carbon black comprises a combustion chamber and a tubular furnace burner connected with an inlet of the combustion chamber, wherein a tubular furnace natural gas preheater, a tubular furnace burner and a tubular furnace process air preheater are sequentially connected to an outlet of the combustion chamber, and a chimney is arranged at an outlet of the tubular furnace process air preheater; the tubular furnace burner is provided with a first natural gas inlet, a combustion-supporting tail gas inlet and a second tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet; a second natural gas inlet and a natural gas outlet are formed in the top of the tubular furnace natural gas preheater, and natural gas exchanges heat with combustion tail gas generated by the combustion chamber in a radiation mode in the tubular furnace natural gas preheater; the side wall of the tubular furnace process air preheater is provided with a process air inlet and a process air outlet, and process air and combustion tail gas exchange heat in a convection mode in the tubular furnace process air preheater.
The invention utilizes the tail gas with low calorific value generated in the production process of semi-reinforcing carbon black as a combustion raw material, the tail gas is used for supporting combustion with air for supporting combustion, the combustion in a combustion chamber generates heat, the combustion tail gas with heat sequentially passes through a tubular furnace natural gas preheater, a tubular furnace burner and a tubular furnace process air preheater to provide energy for preheated substances (natural gas, process air and tail gas air for supporting combustion) in the tubular furnace, and is finally discharged from a chimney, and the preheated natural gas and the process air enter a semi-reinforcing carbon black reaction furnace for reaction.
The device of the invention can carry out off-line preheating on the raw materials for producing the semi-reinforcing carbon black, can reduce the reaction quantity of the reaction formulas (1) and (3), effectively saves the input amount of natural gas, and simultaneously reduces O2The amount of air (O in the air) introduced into the reactor is reduced2:N21: 3.76), the heat that the heating is heated the material needs is reduced to further reduce the reaction quantity of reaction formula (1) and (3), practiced thrift the cost, improved the single-furnace output of carbon black production, simultaneously, make the tail gas that produces in the semi-reinforcing carbon black production process obtain abundant utilization, improved the utilization ratio of the energy.
As can be seen from the reaction processes of the reaction formulas (1), (2) and (3), the natural gas reaction process is a process that the material volume is increased, the diameter of the reaction furnace is large, the diameter is reduced along with the air amount, and meanwhile, under the condition that the residence time of the reaction furnace is not changed, the treatment capacity of the natural gas can be increased, the treatment capacity can be increased by 1.2 times to the maximum extent, and the yield can be increased, and the increased treatment can further increase the yield.
Preferably, the outer wall of the tubular furnace burner is provided with a first tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet and a tail gas combustion-supporting air outlet, the tail gas combustion-supporting air outlet is connected with a second tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet, the tubular furnace burner is internally provided with a tail gas combustion-supporting air pipe, two ends of the tail gas combustion-supporting air pipe are respectively connected with the first tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet and the tail gas combustion-supporting air outlet, and the tubular furnace burner is also internally provided with a second tail gas pipe for combustion tail gas to circulate and the tail gas combustion-supporting air pipe is arranged in a convection manner.
Before the air for tail gas combustion supporting enters the tubular furnace burner, the air and the combustion tail gas in the tubular furnace burner are subjected to heat convection, so that the heat required by the combustion reaction of the tubular furnace burner is less, and the energy is saved more.
Preferably, the tube furnace natural gas preheater is of a double-layer structure, combustion tail gas in the tube furnace burner circulates inside the tube furnace natural gas preheater, a cavity for containing natural gas is formed between an inner layer and an outer layer of the tube furnace natural gas preheater, and the second natural gas inlet and the natural gas outlet are communicated with the cavity.
Combustion tail gas in the combustion chamber firstly passes through the tube furnace natural gas preheater, and the heat in the tube furnace natural gas preheater is great, and the natural gas exchanges heat with the form of combustion tail gas with the radiation, when guaranteeing good preheating effect, can improve the handling capacity to the natural gas.
Preferably, the inside of tube furnace technology air heater is equipped with the first tail gas pipe that supplies the circulation of burning tail gas, the inside of tube furnace technology air heater still is equipped with both ends and connects respectively the technology air inlet and the technology air duct of technology air outlet, the technology air duct with first tail gas pipe is the convection current form and arranges.
After the combustion tail gas is subjected to heat exchange with the natural gas and the tail gas combustion-supporting air, the heat carried by the combustion tail gas is reduced, the heat exchange between the process air and the combustion tail gas is completed in a convection mode in the tubular furnace process air preheater, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
The invention also provides a method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black by improving the yield and the output of a single furnace, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black by improving single-furnace yield and yield comprises the following steps:
the natural gas pipeline from the natural gas main is divided into two paths, wherein: one path of natural gas enters a natural gas preheater of the tubular furnace through a metering pipe system 1, and the preheated natural gas enters a semi-reinforcing carbon black reaction furnace to be used as a raw material for carbon black cracking reaction; the other path of natural gas enters the tubular furnace burner through the pipe system 2 by metering to be used as fuel and mainly used for baking the tubular furnace at the initial starting stage or used as long-time naked flame;
after the process air flow is measured, the process air is sent into a process air preheater of the tubular furnace for preheating through a pipe system 3, and the preheated process air enters the semi-reinforced carbon black reaction furnace to be used as combustion-supporting gas for the carbon black cracking reaction;
after being pressurized by a tail gas pressurizing fan, combustion-supporting tail gas is metered by a pipe system 4 and then is sent to a tubular furnace burner to be used as fuel to be combusted in a combustion chamber to provide energy for preheated substances of the tubular furnace, and the combustion tail gas is discharged through a chimney;
the tail gas combustion-supporting air is pressurized by a fan, metered by a pipe system 5, sent to a tubular furnace burner, and discharged through a chimney after supporting combustion in a combustion chamber.
Preferably, the preheating temperature of the natural gas is 100-600 ℃.
Preferably, the preheating temperature of the process air is 100 ℃ to 400 ℃.
Preferably, the ratio of the processing amount of the process air to the processing amount of the natural gas is 2.4-4: 1.
preferably, the preheating temperature of the natural gas is 300-550 ℃.
Preferably, the preheating temperature of the process air is 200 ℃ to 400 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention uses sensible heat and chemical heat of the low-heat value carbon black tail gas to preheat the raw material for producing the carbon black and the process air through the tubular heating furnace, so that the heat of the raw material entering the carbon black reaction furnace is increased, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the yield and the single-furnace yield.
2. Before the air for tail gas combustion supporting enters the tubular furnace burner, the air and the combustion tail gas in the tubular furnace burner are subjected to heat convection, so that the heat required by the combustion reaction of the tubular furnace burner is less, and the energy is saved more.
3. Combustion tail gas in the combustion chamber firstly passes through the tube furnace natural gas preheater, and the heat in the tube furnace natural gas preheater is great, and the natural gas exchanges heat with the form of combustion tail gas with the radiation, when guaranteeing good preheating effect, can improve the handling capacity to the natural gas.
4. After the combustion tail gas is subjected to heat exchange with the natural gas and the tail gas combustion-supporting air, the heat carried by the combustion tail gas is reduced, the heat exchange between the process air and the combustion tail gas is completed in a convection mode in the tubular furnace process air preheater, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black with enhanced single-furnace throughput and yield according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a tube furnace burner; 101. a first natural gas inlet; 102. a combustion-supporting tail gas inlet; 103. a second tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet; 2. a combustion chamber; 3. a tube furnace natural gas preheater; 301. a second natural gas inlet; 302. a natural gas outlet; 4. a tube furnace burner; 401. a first tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet; 402. an air outlet for combustion supporting of tail gas; 5. a tube furnace process air preheater; 501. a process air inlet; 502. a process air outlet; 6. and (4) a chimney.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
as shown in figure 1, the equipment for producing the semi-reinforcing carbon black by improving the yield and the yield of a single furnace comprises a combustion chamber 2 and a tube furnace combustor 1 connected with the inlet of the combustion chamber 2, wherein a tube furnace natural gas preheater 3, a tube furnace combustor 4 and a tube furnace process air preheater 5 are sequentially connected to the outlet of the combustion chamber 2, and a chimney 6 is arranged at the outlet of the tube furnace process air preheater 5; the tubular furnace burner 1 is provided with a first natural gas inlet 101, a combustion-supporting tail gas inlet 102 and a second tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet 103; a second natural gas inlet 301 and a natural gas outlet 302 are formed in the top of the tube furnace natural gas preheater 3, and natural gas exchanges heat with combustion tail gas generated by the combustion chamber 2 in a radiation mode in the tube furnace natural gas preheater 3; the side wall of the tubular furnace process air preheater 5 is provided with a process air inlet 501 and a process air outlet 502, and the process air and the combustion tail gas exchange heat in a convection mode in the tubular furnace process air preheater 5.
The invention utilizes the tail gas with low calorific value generated in the production process of semi-reinforcing carbon black as a combustion raw material, the tail gas is used for supporting combustion by air for supporting combustion, the combustion in a combustion chamber 2 generates heat, the combustion tail gas with heat sequentially passes through a tubular furnace natural gas preheater 3, a tubular furnace burner 4 and a tubular furnace process air preheater 5 to provide energy for preheated substances (natural gas, process air and tail gas air for supporting combustion) in the tubular furnace, and is finally discharged from a chimney 6, and the preheated natural gas and the process air enter a semi-reinforcing carbon black reaction furnace for reaction.
The device can preheat the raw materials for producing the semi-reinforcing carbon black off-line, can reduce the reaction quantity of the reaction formulas (1) and (3), effectively saves the input amount of natural gas, simultaneously reduces the consumption of O2, reduces the air quantity entering the reaction furnace (O2: N2: 1: 3.76 in the air), reduces the heat required for heating the heated material, further reduces the reaction quantity of the reaction formulas (1) and (3), saves the cost, improves the single furnace yield of carbon black production, fully utilizes the tail gas generated in the semi-reinforcing carbon black production process, and improves the utilization rate of energy.
As can be seen from the reaction processes of the above reaction formulas (1), (2) and (3), the natural gas reaction process is a process that the material volume is increased, the diameter of the reaction furnace is large, the diameter is reduced along with the air amount, and meanwhile, under the condition that the residence time of the reaction furnace is not changed, the treatment capacity of the natural gas can be increased, so that the yield is improved, the yield is increased, and the yield is further increased by the increased treatment.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a first exhaust gas combustion-supporting air inlet 401 and an exhaust gas combustion-supporting air outlet 402 are provided on an outer wall of the tubular furnace burner 4, the exhaust gas combustion-supporting air outlet 402 is connected to the second exhaust gas combustion-supporting air inlet 103, an exhaust gas combustion-supporting air pipe having two ends respectively connected to the first exhaust gas combustion-supporting air inlet 401 and the exhaust gas combustion-supporting air outlet 402 is provided inside the tubular furnace burner 4, and a second exhaust pipe for circulating combustion exhaust gas and arranged in a convection manner with the exhaust gas combustion-supporting air pipe is further provided inside the tubular furnace burner 4.
Before the air for tail gas combustion assistance enters the tube furnace combustor 1, the air and the combustion tail gas in the tube furnace burner 4 are subjected to heat convection, so that the heat required by the combustion reaction of the tube furnace combustor 1 is less, and the energy is saved more.
In one embodiment, the tube furnace natural gas preheater 3 has a double-layer structure, the tube furnace natural gas preheater 3 is internally provided for circulating the combustion exhaust gas in the tube furnace burner 1, a cavity for accommodating natural gas is arranged between an inner layer and an outer layer of the tube furnace natural gas preheater 3, and the second natural gas inlet 301 and the natural gas outlet 302 are communicated with the cavity.
Combustion tail gas in the combustion chamber 2 firstly passes through the tube furnace natural gas preheater 3, heat in the tube furnace natural gas preheater 3 is great, and the natural gas and the combustion tail gas exchange heat in a radiation mode, so that the good preheating effect is ensured, and meanwhile, the treatment capacity of the natural gas can be improved.
In one embodiment, the inside of the tube furnace process air preheater 5 is provided with a first tail gas pipe for circulating the combustion tail gas, and the inside of the tube furnace process air preheater 5 is further provided with a process air pipe with two ends respectively connected with the process air inlet 501 and the process air outlet 502, and the process air pipe and the first tail gas pipe are arranged in a convection manner.
After the combustion tail gas is subjected to heat exchange with the natural gas and the tail gas combustion-supporting air, the heat carried by the combustion tail gas is reduced, the heat exchange between the process air and the combustion tail gas is completed in the tubular furnace process air preheater 5 in a convection mode, and the heat exchange efficiency can be improved.
As shown in FIG. 2, a method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black with improved single-furnace throughput and yield includes the steps of:
A. the natural gas pipeline from the natural gas main is divided into two paths, wherein: one path of natural gas enters a natural gas preheater 3 of the tubular furnace through a metering pipe system 1, and the preheated natural gas enters a semi-reinforcing carbon black reaction furnace to be used as a raw material for carbon black cracking reaction; the other path of natural gas enters a tubular furnace burner 1 through a metering pipe system 2 to be used as fuel and mainly used for baking the tubular furnace at the initial starting stage or used as long-time naked fire;
B. after the process air flow is measured, the process air is sent into a process air preheater 5 of a tubular furnace through a pipe system 3 for preheating, and the preheated process air enters a semi-reinforced carbon black reaction furnace to be used as combustion-supporting gas for carbon black cracking reaction;
C. after being pressurized by a tail gas pressurizing fan, combustion-supporting tail gas is metered by a pipe system 4 and then is sent to a tubular furnace burner 4 to be used as fuel to be burnt in a combustion chamber 2 to provide energy for preheated substances of the tubular furnace, and the combustion-supporting tail gas is discharged through a chimney 6;
D. the tail gas combustion-supporting air is pressurized by a fan, metered by a pipe system 5, sent to a tubular furnace burner 4, supported by the combustion chamber 2 and discharged through a chimney 6.
In one embodiment, the natural gas is preheated to a temperature of 100 ℃ to 600 ℃.
In one embodiment, the process air is preheated at a temperature of from 100 ℃ to 400 ℃.
In one embodiment, the ratio of the process air throughput to the natural gas throughput is from 2.4 to 4: 1.
in one embodiment, the natural gas is preheated to a temperature of 300 ℃ to 550 ℃.
In one embodiment, the process air is preheated to a temperature of 200 ℃ to 400 ℃.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The equipment for producing the semi-reinforced carbon black by improving the yield and the yield of a single furnace is characterized by comprising a combustion chamber and a tubular furnace combustor connected with an inlet of the combustion chamber, wherein a tubular furnace natural gas preheater, a tubular furnace burner and a tubular furnace process air preheater are sequentially connected to an outlet of the combustion chamber, and a chimney is arranged at an outlet of the tubular furnace process air preheater; the tubular furnace burner is provided with a first natural gas inlet, a combustion-supporting tail gas inlet and a second tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet; a second natural gas inlet and a natural gas outlet are formed in the top of the tubular furnace natural gas preheater, and natural gas exchanges heat with combustion tail gas generated by the combustion chamber in a radiation mode in the tubular furnace natural gas preheater; the side wall of the tubular furnace process air preheater is provided with a process air inlet and a process air outlet, and process air and combustion tail gas exchange heat in a convection mode in the tubular furnace process air preheater.
2. The apparatus for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black with improved single-furnace yield and yield according to claim 1, wherein a first tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet and a tail gas combustion-supporting air outlet are formed in the outer wall of the tubular furnace burner, the tail gas combustion-supporting air outlet is connected with the second tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet, a tail gas combustion-supporting air pipe with two ends respectively connected with the first tail gas combustion-supporting air inlet and the tail gas combustion-supporting air outlet is arranged in the tubular furnace burner, and a second tail gas pipe which is used for circulating combustion tail gas and arranged in a convection manner with the tail gas combustion-supporting air pipe is further arranged in the tubular furnace burner.
3. The apparatus for increasing the yield and productivity of a single furnace for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black according to claim 2, wherein the tube furnace natural gas preheater has a double-layer structure, the tube furnace natural gas preheater is internally provided for circulating the combustion exhaust gas in the tube furnace burner, a cavity for containing natural gas is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer of the tube furnace natural gas preheater, and the second natural gas inlet and the natural gas outlet are communicated with the cavity.
4. The apparatus for increasing the yield and productivity of a single furnace for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black according to claim 3, wherein the tubular furnace process air preheater is provided with a first tail gas pipe for circulating the combustion tail gas, and is further provided with a process air pipe having two ends respectively connected to the process air inlet and the process air outlet, and the process air pipe and the first tail gas pipe are arranged in a convection manner.
5. A method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black by improving the yield and the output of a single furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the natural gas pipeline from the natural gas main is divided into two paths, wherein: one path of natural gas enters a natural gas preheater of the tubular furnace through a metering pipe system 1, and the preheated natural gas enters a semi-reinforcing carbon black reaction furnace to be used as a raw material for carbon black cracking reaction; the other path of natural gas enters the tubular furnace burner through the pipe system 2 by metering to be used as fuel and mainly used for baking the tubular furnace at the initial starting stage or used as long-time naked flame;
after the process air flow is measured, the process air is sent into a process air preheater of the tubular furnace for preheating through a pipe system 3, and the preheated process air enters the semi-reinforced carbon black reaction furnace to be used as combustion-supporting gas for the carbon black cracking reaction;
after being pressurized by a tail gas pressurizing fan, combustion-supporting tail gas is metered by a pipe system 4 and then is sent to a tubular furnace burner to be used as fuel to be combusted in a combustion chamber to provide energy for preheated substances of the tubular furnace, and the combustion tail gas is discharged through a chimney;
the tail gas combustion-supporting air is pressurized by a fan, metered by a pipe system 5, sent to a tubular furnace burner, and discharged through a chimney after supporting combustion in a combustion chamber.
6. The method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black with improved single-furnace yield and productivity according to claim 5, wherein the preheating temperature of the natural gas is 100 ℃ to 600 ℃.
7. The method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black with improved single-furnace yield and productivity according to claim 6, wherein the preheating temperature of the process air is 100 ℃ to 400 ℃.
8. The method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black with enhanced single-furnace yield and productivity of claim 7, wherein the ratio of the process air throughput to the natural gas throughput is from 2.4 to 4: 1.
9. the method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black with improved single-furnace yield and productivity according to claim 6, wherein the preheating temperature of the natural gas is 300 ℃ to 550 ℃.
10. The method for producing semi-reinforcing carbon black with improved single-furnace yield and productivity according to claim 7, wherein the preheating temperature of the process air is 200 ℃ to 400 ℃.
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