CN112555828A - Hearth and combustor cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler - Google Patents
Hearth and combustor cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN112555828A CN112555828A CN202011477086.9A CN202011477086A CN112555828A CN 112555828 A CN112555828 A CN 112555828A CN 202011477086 A CN202011477086 A CN 202011477086A CN 112555828 A CN112555828 A CN 112555828A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
- F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
- F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides a cold flame mixes gas boiler in advance on furnace and combustor cooling type surface, includes furnace, is located furnace's entrance and installs the water-cooled combustor, furnace's exit linkage backfire chamber, evenly arranged U type water cooling component along circumference in the furnace, the entry of U type water cooling component is evenly connected in the ring channel along circumference, and U type water cooling component delivery port and water-cooled combustor delivery port all connect in the boiler water tank. The invention adopts the water-cooled burner, can realize even gas combustion, does not generate a local high-temperature area, reduces the combustion temperature of the flame root and reduces the thermal NO of the flame rootxGenerating; meanwhile, a hearth cooling system is adopted, and a U-shaped pipeline cooling structure is arranged to ensure that the inside of the furnace is uniformRealizes the compact structure and the economical manufacture of the boiler at the same time of uniform low temperature atmosphere, and further obviously reduces NO when gas fuel is burntxAnd (4) generating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boiler combustion and environmental protection, in particular to a hearth and combustor cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler.
Background
China is used as a country with large energy consumption, and coal resources are one of the main sources of energy in China. According to the national statistical bureau, the yield of raw coal in China in 2019 is 38.5 hundred million tons, the year-on-year increase is 4.0%, and the coal consumption accounts for 57.7% of the total energy consumption. Coal can generate a large amount of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and some greenhouse gases in the combustion process, thereby causing serious pollution to the environment; in addition, the harmless treatment of the coal-fired pollutants has extremely high cost and poor economy, and does not accord with the 'green low-carbon' economy advocated by China. Natural gas is used as clean energy, and the pollutant emission generated during combustion is little and easy to treat. In recent years, with the continuous increase of natural gas supply, the policy of 'changing coal into gas' is vigorously advocated by the country, according to the 'China natural gas high quality development report 2020', the China natural gas consumption scale is expected to reach 3200 billion cubic meters in 2020, and is expected to reach 4500 billion cubic meters compared with about 66% increase in 2015 in 2020 and 4500 billion cubic meters in 2025. With the increasingly strict pollutant emission standards of the energy industry by national policy, the change of coal-fired boilers to gas-fired boilers has been driven by the times.
Pollutants generated during combustion of gaseous fuels are mainly nitrogen oxides, and can be classified into a thermal type, a rapid type and a fuel type according to the source thereof. Due to the high calorific value of the gas fuel, the combustion temperature can be as high as 1800 ℃ or so, if NO cooling measures are taken, at which time the rapid and fuel NOxIs almost negligible, and thermal NOxAlmost 90% or more of the total nitrogen oxides are occupied. Thermal NOxIs prepared from N in combustion air and the resultant O and OH through reaction, and is composed of thermal NOxThe mechanism of formation of (A) is known, and since the factors affecting the formation include temperature, oxygen concentration, residence time of the reactants, etc., the thermal type NO generated during combustion of the gas fuel is reducedxThe measures mainly comprise: the combustion temperature is reduced, and local high temperature is avoided; adjusting the oxygen concentration; the residence time of the reactants in the high temperature zone is shortened.
Temperature being of the thermodynamic type NOxOne of the main factors of generation, at combustion temperatures below 1300 ℃, there is hardly any thermal type NOxIs generated and combustedWhen the burning temperature is higher than 1300 ℃, the reaction rate can be increased by 6-7 times when the burning temperature is increased by 100 ℃.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a hearth and combustor cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler which adopts a water-cooled combustor, can realize uniform gas combustion, does not generate a local high-temperature area, reduces the combustion temperature of the root of a flame and reduces the thermal NO of the root of the flamexGenerating; meanwhile, a hearth cooling system is adopted, and a U-shaped pipeline cooling structure is arranged, so that the uniform low-temperature atmosphere in the boiler is ensured, the compact structure and the manufacturing economy of the boiler are realized, and the NO is further remarkably reduced during the combustion of gas fuelxAnd (4) generating.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a cold flame mixes gas boiler in advance on furnace and combustor cooling type surface, includes furnace 4, is located the entrance of furnace 4 and installs water-cooled combustor 1, and furnace 4's exit linkage combustion chamber 8 has been returned, evenly arranged U type water cooling component 5 along circumference in furnace 4, the water inlet of U type water cooling component 5 is followed furnace circumference evenly connected in annular duct 7, and U type water cooling component 5 delivery port and 1 delivery port of water-cooled combustor all connect in boiler water tank 3.
The water inlet of the annular pipeline 7 and the water inlet of the water-cooled combustor 1 form a parallel passage, a first flowmeter 6a is arranged on the annular pipeline 7, and a second flowmeter 6b is arranged on the water-cooled combustor 1.
The water-cooled combustor 1 comprises a divergent gas channel 11, an anti-backfire air inlet micro-channel 12 and a water-cooled channel 13, the cross section of the divergent gas channel 11 is gradually increased along the propagation direction of premixed flame, high cooling members 13a and low cooling members 13b are respectively arranged on two sides of the divergent gas channel 11, and the high cooling members 13a and the low cooling members 13b are alternately arranged to form continuous water-cooled channels 13 which are staggered up and down.
The boiler water tank 3 is internally provided with a first return smoke pipe 10 and a second return smoke pipe 9, and the first return smoke pipe 10 and the second return smoke pipe 9 form a smoke three-flow passage.
The first return smoke pipe 10, the second return smoke pipe 9 and the boiler water tank 3 are provided with a boiler shell 2 at the outer side.
The U-shaped water cooling component 5 consists of a straight pipe section and a bent pipe section, and the flow direction of a cooling water inlet of the U-shaped water cooling component is opposite to the flow direction of high-temperature flue gas in the hearth 4, so that countercurrent radiation heat exchange is formed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the water-cooled burner, can realize even gas combustion, does not generate a local high-temperature area, reduces the combustion temperature of the flame root and reduces the thermal NO of the flame rootxGenerating; meanwhile, a hearth cooling system is adopted, and a U-shaped pipeline cooling structure is arranged, so that the uniform low-temperature atmosphere in the boiler is ensured, the compact structure and the manufacturing economy of the boiler are realized, and the NO is further remarkably reduced during the combustion of gas fuelxAnd (4) generating.
The premixed combustion can realize the uniform air intake of gas fuel, the uniform combustion temperature in the hearth and almost no occurrence of a local high-temperature area.
The invention realizes the uniform low-temperature low NO of the fuel gasxThe surface is premixed and burnt, and the function of preventing tempering is achieved, so that the safety, stability and cleanness of gas burning are ensured; meanwhile, the low-temperature uniform atmosphere in the boiler is maintained, the convection heat exchange quantity and the radiation heat exchange quantity in the boiler are increased, and the compactness and the manufacturing economy of the boiler are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a furnace cooling system.
Fig. 3 shows the structure of a water-cooled burner.
Wherein: the device comprises a water-cooled burner 1, a boiler shell 2, a boiler water tank 3, a hearth 4, a U-shaped water-cooled component 5, a first flowmeter 6a, a second flowmeter 6b, an annular pipeline 7, a combustion chamber 8, a second return smoke pipe 9, a first return smoke pipe 10, a gradually expanding type gas channel 11, a backfire-proof air inlet micro-channel 12, a high cooling component 13a, a low water-cooled component 13b and a water-cooled channel 13.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-3, the cooling system of the water-cooled burner coupled hearth of the invention can realize low-temperature and low-NO mixed gasxThe uniform surface combustion promotes the boiler compactness when guaranteeing the inside even low temperature atmosphere of furnace, reduces area. The main structure is that a mixed gas flow inlet is provided with an anti-backfire air inlet micro-channel 12, the section size of a gradually expanding type gas channel 11 is gradually increased along the propagation direction of premixed flame, and high and low cooling components 13a and 13b at two sides are arranged alternately to form continuous water cooling channels 13 which are staggered up and down; the U-shaped water cooling component 5 is arranged on the hearth 4
In the furnace, the water inlet is uniformly connected with an annular pipeline 7 along the circumferential direction of the furnace chamber to form an annular installation of a U-shaped water cooling component 5; a water inlet of the annular pipeline 7 and a water inlet of the water-cooled burner 1 form a parallel passage, and flow meters (6a and 6b) are arranged to control the amount and flow rate of cooling water; the water outlet of the U-shaped water-cooling component 5 and the water outlet of the water-cooling combustor 1 are both connected to a boiler water tank 3 to form a hearth cooling system; the boiler water tank 3 is internally provided with a first return smoke pipe 10 and a second return smoke pipe 9 respectively to form a smoke three-flow passage.
After the mixed gas flows through the anti-backfire gas inlet micro-channel 12 and is sent into the water-cooled burner 1, the mixed gas is ignited and burnt in the gradually expanding gas channel 11, and the short and compact premixed flame and the water-cooled channel 13 generate violent heat transfer; after the high-temperature flue gas generated by premixed combustion rapidly exchanges heat with the U-shaped water cooling component 5 in the hearth 4, the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with cooling water in the boiler water tank 3 through the first return smoke pipe 10 and the second return smoke pipe 9 and is discharged out of the boiler shell 2; cooling water in the U-shaped water-cooling component 5 and cooling water in the water-cooled burner 1 absorb heat and then are discharged into the boiler water tank 3.
The water inlet of the annular pipeline 7 and the water inlet of the water-cooled combustor 1 form a parallel passage, and the cooling water quantity and the cooling water speed are controlled by arranging a first flowmeter 6a and a second flowmeter 6b, so that the temperature of premixed combustion flame and the temperature level in the furnace are controlled.
Cooling water in the annular pipeline 7 is introduced through the uniform inlet and then discharged into the uniformly arranged U-shaped water cooling components 5; the water inlets of the U-shaped water cooling components are uniformly connected with the annular pipeline 7 and are uniformly arranged in the hearth 4 along the circumferential direction of the hearth to formThe ring-shaped parts are uniformly arranged at equal intervals; cooling water is introduced into the boiler water tank 3 again after exchanging heat with high-temperature flue gas, so that uniform low-temperature atmosphere in the boiler can be effectively realized, and thermal NO in the flue gas is reducedxAnd (4) generating.
The flow direction of a cooling water inlet in the U-shaped water cooling component 5 is opposite to the flow direction of high-temperature flue gas, so that countercurrent radiation heat exchange is formed, the convection heat exchange quantity and the radiation heat exchange quantity in the boiler are increased, the compactness of the boiler is improved, and the occupied area is reduced.
The water-cooled burner 1 is provided with a divergent gas channel 11, an anti-backfire air inlet micro-channel 12 and a water-cooled channel 13, mixed gas flow enters the divergent gas channel 12 through the anti-backfire air inlet micro-channel 11 and is ignited, and premixed flame exchanges heat with a high cooling member 13a and a low cooling member 13b on two sides to form stable, safe, efficient, compact and uniform low-temperature and low-NOxSurface combustion.
The premixed gas is ignited by the water-cooled burner 1, and the cooling effect of the U-shaped water-cooled component 5 in the hearth 4 on high-temperature flue gas is combined, so that the gas fuel is ensured to realize uniform, stable, efficient and compact low-temperature and low-NO in the gas-fired boilerxSurface combustion. The gas fuel is evenly mixed and then is sent into the water-cooled burner 1 for ignition, the burning temperature of the flame root is reduced, and the purposes of uniformity, low temperature and low NO are achievedxSurface combustion; a plurality of U-shaped water cooling components 5 are uniformly arranged in the hearth 4 along the circumferential direction, so that the radiation heat exchange quantity and the convection heat exchange quantity in the boiler are increased, the compactness of the boiler is improved, the occupied area is reduced, and the uniform low-temperature atmosphere in the boiler is ensured; part of cooling water flows into the annular pipeline through the uniform inlet, then is introduced into the uniformly distributed U-shaped water cooling components 5, exchanges heat with high-temperature flue gas, and then is introduced into a boiler water tank; part of the cooling water is introduced into a water-cooling channel 13 of the water-cooling burner 1 through a pipeline arranged in parallel, and is introduced into the boiler water tank 3 after absorbing flame heat. The device and the method can realize stable and efficient low-temperature surface combustion and uniform low-temperature atmosphere in the hearth during the premixed combustion of the gas fuel, and effectively avoid thermal NOxGenerating; and the structure of the cooling water can strengthen heat transfer, and simultaneously, the boiler is more compact and economical.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the inventionA plurality of U-shaped water cooling components 5 are uniformly arranged in the hearth 4 along the circumferential direction, and water inlets of the U-shaped water cooling components are uniformly connected with an annular pipeline 7 to form annular installation, so that the U-shaped water cooling components 5 can be ensured to uniformly feed water; the uniformly arranged U-shaped water cooling components 5 absorb the heat of the high-temperature flue gas due to N in the high-temperature flue gas2And N atoms can generate thermal NO again after meeting the reaction conditions of residence time, reaction temperature, oxygen concentration and the likexTherefore, the uniform low-temperature atmosphere in the furnace can effectively avoid thermal NO in the flue gasxGenerating; the inlet water flow direction of the U-shaped water cooling component 5 is opposite to the flow direction of the flue gas, so that countercurrent radiation heat exchange is formed, the radiation heat exchange quantity and the convection heat exchange quantity in the boiler are increased, the compactness and the manufacturing economy of the boiler are improved, and the floor area of the boiler is reduced; a water inlet of the annular pipeline 7 and a water inlet of the water-cooled burner 1 form a parallel passage, a first flowmeter 6a and a second flowmeter 6b are arranged at the water inlet, and the cooling water quantity and the cooling water flow speed are controlled, so that the root combustion temperature of the premixed flame and the temperature level in the furnace are controlled; the water outlets of the U-shaped water-cooling component 5 and the water-cooling combustor 1 are connected with the boiler water tank 3, cooling water absorbs heat and then is discharged into the boiler water tank finally to form a hearth cooling system, and running economy is guaranteed.
The water-cooled burner 1 is provided with a gradually expanding gas channel 11, an anti-backfire air inlet micro-channel 12 and a water-cooled channel 13. The mixed gas passes through the anti-backfire gas inlet micro-channel 12 and then is ignited and combusted in the divergent gas channel 11, and the premixed flame forms surface combustion on the water cooling channel 11. The flow velocity and the pressure of the mixed air flow in the anti-backfire air inlet micro-channel 12 are high, so that the premixed flame cannot spread downwards; the cross section of the divergent gas channel 9 is gradually increased along the propagation direction of the premixed flame, so that the mixed gas is ensured to be successfully ignited in the divergent gas channel 9, and short and compact premixed flame is formed; the premixed flame exchanges heat with the high-low cooling component 13a and the low cooling component 13b on the two sides violently in the divergent gas channel 9 to reduce the combustion temperature at the root of the premixed flame, so that the gas fuel forms safe, stable and efficient low-temperature low-NO in the water-cooled combustor 1xSurface combustion.
The specific operation mode of the invention is as follows:
before the mixed gas enters the divergent gas channel 11 for ignition, firstly, a first flow meter 6a and a second flow meter 6b are controlled to lead cooling water into the U-shaped water cooling component 5, the high cooling component 13a and the low cooling component 13b, so that the circulation of the cooling water in the gas furnace is ensured; after the whole mixed gas reaches the divergent gas channel 11 through the anti-backfire gas inlet micro-channel 12, ignition is carried out. In the actual operation process, the combustion temperature at the root of the premixed flame can be controlled by adjusting the amount and the flow rate of the cooling water in the water-cooled burner 1, and the temperature level in the furnace can be controlled by adjusting the amount and the flow rate of the cooling water in the U-shaped water-cooled member 5. For mixed gas with different heat values, the ignition point position of the premixed flame can be adjusted by changing the flaring angle of the divergent gas channel 11.
The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea of the present invention, such as changing the structure of the U-shaped water cooling member, the flowing medium in the U-shaped water cooling member, the water inlet mode of the U-shaped water cooling member, etc., fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a cold flame mixes gas boiler in advance on furnace and combustor cooling type surface, a serial communication port, including furnace (4), the entrance that is located furnace (4) installs water-cooled combustor (1), and exit linkage combustion chamber (8) of furnace (4), U type water cooling component (5) have evenly been arranged along circumference in furnace (4), the water inlet of U type water cooling component (5) is evenly connected in ring channel (7) along furnace circumference, and U type water cooling component (5) delivery port and water-cooled combustor (1) delivery port all are connected in boiler water tank (3).
2. A hearth and burner cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler according to claim 1 characterized in that the water inlet of the ring shaped pipe (7) and the water inlet of the water cooled burner (1) form a parallel passage, the ring shaped pipe (7) is provided with a first flowmeter (6a), the water cooled burner (1) is provided with a second flowmeter (6 b).
3. A hearth and burner cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler according to claim 1 characterized in that said water cooled burner (1) comprises a divergent gas channel (11), a backfire preventing gas inlet micro channel (12) and a water cooled channel (13), the cross section size of the divergent gas channel (11) is gradually increased along the propagation direction of the premixed flame, both sides of the divergent gas channel (11) are respectively provided with a high cooling component (13a) and a low cooling component (13b), and the high cooling component (13a) and the low cooling component (13b) are arranged alternately to form a continuous water cooled channel (13) which is staggered up and down.
4. The hearth and burner cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that a first return smoke pipe (10) and a second return smoke pipe (9) are arranged inside the boiler water tank (3), and the first return smoke pipe (10) and the second return smoke pipe (9) form a smoke three-flow passage.
5. A hearth and burner cooled surface cold flame premix gas boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that the first return flue tube (10) and the second return flue tube (9) are provided with a boiler shell (2) outside the boiler water tank (3).
6. A hearth and burner cooled surface cold flame premix gas boiler as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that said U-shaped water cooling member (5) is composed of a straight pipe section and a bent pipe section, and the flow direction of the cooling water inlet is opposite to the flow direction of the high temperature flue gas in the hearth (4) to form the countercurrent radiation heat exchange.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011477086.9A CN112555828A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Hearth and combustor cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011477086.9A CN112555828A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Hearth and combustor cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler |
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| CN112555828A true CN112555828A (en) | 2021-03-26 |
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| CN202011477086.9A Pending CN112555828A (en) | 2020-12-15 | 2020-12-15 | Hearth and combustor cooling type surface cold flame premixing gas boiler |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113432122A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | Pressure-bearing type multiple water-cooling premixing gas device |
| CN113432121A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | Reducing ring rib water-cooling type surface combustion gas device |
| CN114811945A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-07-29 | 西安交通大学 | Premixing low-nitrogen gas boiler |
| CN115013973A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-09-06 | 西安交通大学 | Full premix water-cooling gas boiler |
| CN115235117A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-25 | 西安交通大学 | Pressure-bearing double-helix water-cooling coil horizontal premixing gas boiler |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113432122A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-24 | 西安交通大学 | Pressure-bearing type multiple water-cooling premixing gas device |
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| CN115013973B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-10-24 | 西安交通大学 | Full premix water-cooling gas boiler |
| CN115235117A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-25 | 西安交通大学 | Pressure-bearing double-helix water-cooling coil horizontal premixing gas boiler |
| CN115235117B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-10-31 | 西安交通大学 | Pressure-bearing double-spiral water-cooling coil horizontal premix gas boiler |
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