CN110937761A - High-efficiency treatment system and process for high-concentration oil-containing heavy metal waste liquid - Google Patents
High-efficiency treatment system and process for high-concentration oil-containing heavy metal waste liquid Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/24—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/722—Oxidation by peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
- C02F2305/026—Fenton's reagent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency treatment system and a process for high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid, wherein the system comprises an oil separation settling tank for performing demulsification treatment on the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid, a coagulation air floatation tank connected with the oil separation settling tank and used for performing coagulation air floatation treatment on waste water, a batch reaction tank connected with the coagulation air floatation tank and used for performing Fenton advanced oxidation treatment on the waste water, a waste water adjusting tank connected with the batch reaction tank and used for separating a mud-water mixture in the waste water, a scraper evaporator connected with the waste water adjusting tank and used for performing evaporation treatment on filtrate, a hydrolysis acidification tank connected with the scraper evaporator and used for performing biochemical treatment on condensate, and an MBR tank connected with the effluent of the hydrolysis acidification tank and used for realizing mud-water separation under the action of. The invention realizes the effects of strong demulsification capability, high adaptive concentration, high recovery rate and strong purification treatment capability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency treatment system and a high-efficiency treatment process for high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid.
Background
In the finish machining process of metal products, lubricating oil has the functions of lubrication, cooling and rust prevention, and can not play a role any more in a period of time due to the mixing of impurities and harsh use environment, so that oily waste liquid is formed, the main components of the oily waste liquid are water, vegetable oil, mineral oil, mixed heavy metal components and the like, and the waste liquid can cause serious pollution when entering water or soil and threatens ecological safety.
The conventional treatment method of the waste oil liquid at present is to firstly perform demulsification and oil removal and then perform secondary treatment by using biochemical or other separation reaction technologies, but poor demulsification effect often occurs in operation, the oil content of effluent is high, the stability of a subsequent biochemical unit is affected, and the effect of a biochemical treatment system is further poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a high-efficiency treatment system and a process for high-concentration oil-containing heavy metal waste liquid, so that the high-efficiency treatment system and the high-efficiency treatment process for high-concentration oil-containing heavy metal waste liquid have the effects of strong demulsification capacity, high adaptive concentration, high recycling rate and strong purification treatment capacity. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
high concentration oiliness heavy metal waste liquid high efficiency processing system, include the oil removal settling basin that carries out the breakdown of emulsion processing with high concentration oiliness heavy metal waste liquid, connect the oil removal settling basin and be used for coagulating the coagulation air supporting pond of air supporting processing waste water, connect the batch reaction tank that the air supporting pond of coagulating is used for fenton advanced oxidation processing waste water, connect the batch reaction tank and carry out the waste water equalizing basin that separates with muddy water mixture in the waste water, connect the waste water equalizing basin and carry out evaporation treatment's scraper evaporator with filtrating, connect the hydrolysis acidification pond that the scraper evaporator is used for carrying out biochemical treatment with the condensate, and the play water of connecting the hydrolysis acidification pond is used for membrane filtration effect to realize the MBR pond of muddy water separation.
Specifically, sulfuric acid and a demulsifier are added into the oil separation settling tank for demulsification treatment.
Specifically, alkali is added into a preposed reaction tank of the coagulation air floatation tank to neutralize the wastewater, the pH is adjusted to be neutral, and a coagulant PAC and a flocculant PAM are added to enable oil drops and impurities to be mutually condensed.
Specifically, sulfuric acid is added into the batch reaction tank to reduce the pH value, and then ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide are added to carry out Fenton oxidation reaction.
Specifically, the floating oil in the oil separation settling tank, the oil-containing scum in the coagulation air flotation tank and the distillation residue in the scraper evaporator are all collected to an incinerator for incineration treatment.
Specifically, the hydrolysis acidification tank is connected with a hydrolysis sedimentation tank, and supernatant liquid after hydrolysis sedimentation is stored in the hydrolysis sedimentation tank.
Specifically, an anoxic tank for denitrification and an aerobic tank for nitrification are arranged between the hydrolysis sedimentation tank and the MBR tank.
The high-efficiency treatment process of the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid comprises the following steps:
s1, demulsifying, namely feeding the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid into an oil separation settling tank, adding sulfuric acid and a demulsifier into the oil separation settling tank, fully mixing and stirring to stratify oil and water, removing floating oil, and feeding the remaining waste liquid into a coagulation air flotation tank;
s2, performing coagulation air floatation treatment, namely adding alkali into a pre-reaction tank of a coagulation air floatation tank to neutralize wastewater, adjusting the pH to be neutral, adding a coagulant PAC and a flocculant PAM to enable oil drops and impurities to be mutually condensed, removing oil-containing floating slag, and overflowing air floatation effluent to the batch-type reaction tank;
s3, performing Fenton advanced oxidation, adding sulfuric acid into the batch reaction tank to adjust the pH value to acidity, adding ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide to perform Fenton oxidation reaction, further removing organic matters in water, adding alkali after the reaction is finished to adjust the pH value to alkalinity, and adding a flocculating agent to coagulate flocs to form a mud-water mixture;
s4, separating mud and water, performing filter pressing on the mud and water mixture, and collecting filtrate through a wastewater adjusting tank;
s5, evaporating, conveying the filtrate into a scraper evaporator system for evaporation, and collecting the evaporated condensate into an intermediate pool;
s6, biochemical treatment, wherein the effluent of the intermediate tank is sent into a hydrolysis acidification tank, and the hydrolysis bacteria and the acidification bacteria have synergistic effect; precipitating the water discharged from the hydrolysis acidification tank in a hydrolysis precipitation tank, and then feeding the supernatant into a subsequent process;
and S7, filtering by the MBR, allowing supernatant after precipitation in the hydrolysis sedimentation tank to successively pass through the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank and the MBR tank, performing denitrification on heterotrophic bacteria in the anoxic section, performing nitrification on autotrophic bacteria in the aerobic section, allowing effluent from the aerobic tank to enter the MBR tank, performing sludge-water separation by membrane filtration, and allowing membrane effluent to enter the MBR effluent tank for discharge or reuse.
Specifically, the floating oil in the oil separation settling tank, the oil-containing scum in the coagulation air flotation tank and the distillation residue in the scraper evaporator are all collected to an incinerator for incineration treatment.
Specifically, the concentrated sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the anoxic tank through reflux control.
Compared with the prior art, the high-efficiency treatment system and the process for the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid have the beneficial effects that:
the stock solution sequentially passes through the steps of demulsification treatment, coagulation air flotation, Fenton advanced oxidation, mud-water separation, evaporation treatment, biochemical treatment and MBR filtration treatment, has the effects of strong demulsification capacity, high adaptive concentration, high recycling rate and strong purification treatment capacity, and avoids the defects of poor demulsification effect, high oil content of effluent and the like in the operation of the traditional process equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1, the high-efficiency treatment system for high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid in the embodiment includes an oil separation settling tank for performing demulsification treatment on the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid, a coagulation air flotation tank connected with the oil separation settling tank and used for performing coagulation air flotation treatment on waste water, a batch reaction tank connected with the coagulation air flotation tank and used for performing fenton advanced oxidation treatment on the waste water, a waste water adjusting tank connected with the batch reaction tank and used for separating mud-water mixture in the waste water, a scraper evaporator connected with the waste water adjusting tank and used for performing evaporation treatment on filtrate, a hydrolysis acidification tank connected with the scraper evaporator and used for performing biochemical treatment on condensate, and an MBR tank connected with effluent of the hydrolysis acidification tank and used for performing mud-water separation under membrane filtration action.
And adding sulfuric acid and a demulsifier into the oil separation settling tank to perform demulsification treatment.
Alkali is added into a preposed reaction tank of the coagulation air floatation tank to neutralize the wastewater, the pH value is adjusted to be neutral, and a coagulant PAC and a flocculant PAM are added to ensure that oil drops and impurities are mutually coagulated.
And (3) firstly adding sulfuric acid into the batch reaction tank to reduce the pH value, and then adding ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide to carry out Fenton oxidation reaction.
The floating oil in the oil separation settling tank, the oil-containing scum in the coagulation air flotation tank and the distillation residue in the scraper evaporator are all collected to an incinerator for incineration treatment.
The hydrolysis acidification tank is connected with a hydrolysis sedimentation tank, and supernatant liquid after hydrolysis sedimentation is stored in the hydrolysis sedimentation tank.
An anoxic tank for denitrification and an aerobic tank for nitrification are arranged between the hydrolysis sedimentation tank and the MBR tank.
The high-efficiency treatment process of the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid comprises the following steps:
1) and demulsification treatment, namely conveying the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid into an oil separation settling tank through a feed pump, adding sulfuric acid and a demulsifier into the oil separation settling tank, fully mixing and stirring to separate oil from water, and floating oil floats on the water surface by utilizing the density difference of oil, impurities and water. The oil layer is scraped by an oil scraper and then is collected and sent to an incinerator for incineration treatment, and the remaining waste liquid is sent to a coagulation air flotation tank by a lifting pump.
2) And (2) coagulation air flotation treatment, namely adding alkali into a pre-reaction tank of a coagulation air flotation tank to neutralize wastewater, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, adding a coagulant PAC and a flocculant PAM to enable oil drops and impurities to be mutually condensed, carrying the oil drops and the impurities to the surface of a separation area under the wrapping and adhering action of micro bubbles released by compressed air to form an oil sludge layer, scraping oil sludge by a residue scraping plate, collecting oil-containing scum to an incinerator for incineration treatment, and overflowing air flotation effluent to a batch reaction tank for subsequent treatment.
3) Performing Fenton advanced oxidation, namely adding sulfuric acid into a batch reaction tank to reduce the pH value to 3, then adding ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide to perform Fenton oxidation reaction, further removing organic matters in water, adding alkali after the reaction is finished, adjusting the pH value to 8 to enable impurities and heavy metal components in the water to form floccules, and finally adding a flocculating agent to enable the floccules to be coagulated to form a mud-water mixture.
4) And (3) separating mud and water, conveying the mud and water mixture into a plate-and-frame filter press through a filter press conveying pump for filter pressing, and collecting filtrate through a wastewater regulating tank.
5) Evaporating, pumping the filtrate into a scraper evaporator system by a liquid inlet pump for evaporation, collecting the evaporated condensate into an intermediate tank, and collecting the distillation residues into an incinerator for incineration.
6) And (3) biochemical treatment, wherein the effluent of the intermediate tank is sent into a hydrolysis acidification tank through a lifting pump, insoluble organic matters in water are hydrolyzed into soluble organic matters under the action of hydrolysis bacteria and acidification bacteria, and macromolecular substances which are difficult to biodegrade are converted into micromolecular substances which are easy to biodegrade, so that the biodegradability of the wastewater is improved, and a good foundation is provided for subsequent biochemical treatment. And (3) precipitating the water discharged from the hydrolysis acidification tank by using a hydrolysis precipitation tank, then feeding the supernatant into a subsequent anoxic and aerobic process section, and refluxing sludge in the precipitation tank to the hydrolysis acidification tank.
7) Filtering by MBR, passing the effluent of the hydrolysis acidification tank through an anoxic tank, an aerobic tank and an MBR tank in sequence, and performing denitrification of heterotrophic bacteria in an anoxic section to ammoniate (N on an organic chain or amino in amino acid) pollutants such as protein and fat to free ammonia (NH)3、NH4 +) Under the condition of fully supplying oxygen to the aerobic section, the nitrification of autotrophic bacteria can react NH3-N(NH4To NO by oxidation of ++)3 -. The effluent of the aerobic tank enters an MBR tank and then is subjected to sludge-water separation through membrane filtration, the effluent of the membrane enters an MBR effluent tank for waiting for discharge or reuse, the concentrated sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the anoxic tank through reflux control, and the sludge water returned to the anoxic tank is subjected to NO denitrification by the anaerobic bacteria3 -Is reduced into molecular nitrogen (N)2) Thereby realizing the harmless treatment of the sewage.
The concentration requirements of the system for treating the wastewater are met as the following table 1:
| item | COD | SS | NH3-N | TP | pH | Petroleum products | Copper (Cu) | Zinc | Chromium (III) | Nickel (II) | Lead (II) | Cadmium (Cd) |
| Concentration (mg/L) | <200000 | <1500 | <500 | <30 | 2～12 | 8000 | <1000 | <1000 | <500 | <500 | <500 | <500 |
TABLE 1
After the treatment by the system process, the effluent meets the discharge requirement concentration as shown in the following table 2:
| item | COD | SS | NH3-N | TP | pH | Petroleum products | Copper (Cu) | Zinc | Chromium (III) | Nickel (II) | Lead (II) | Cadmium (Cd) |
| Concentration (mg/L) | ＜300 | <50 | <50 | <5 | 6～8 | <10 | <1 | <1 | <0.5 | <0.5 | <0.5 | <0.05 |
TABLE 2
When the embodiment is applied, the oil separation sedimentation tank is connected with a dosing tank for adding the demulsifier, the coagulation air flotation tank is connected with a dosing device for adding PAC and PAM reagents, and the batch reaction tank is connected with a dosing tank for adding Fenton reagents and coagulants. The stock solution sequentially passes through the steps of demulsification treatment, coagulation air flotation, Fenton advanced oxidation, mud-water separation, evaporation treatment, biochemical treatment and MBR filtration treatment, has the effects of strong demulsification capacity, high adaptive concentration, high recycling rate and strong purification treatment capacity, and avoids the defects of poor demulsification effect, high oil content of effluent and the like in the operation of the traditional process equipment.
What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. High concentration oiliness heavy metal waste liquid high efficiency processing system, its characterized in that: the device comprises an oil separation settling tank for demulsification treatment of high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid, a coagulation air flotation tank connected with the oil separation settling tank and used for coagulation air flotation treatment of waste water, a batch reaction tank connected with the coagulation air flotation tank and used for Fenton advanced oxidation treatment of waste water, a waste water adjusting tank connected with the batch reaction tank and used for separating mud-water mixtures in the waste water, a scraper evaporator connected with the waste water adjusting tank and used for evaporation treatment of filtrate, a hydrolysis acidification tank connected with the scraper evaporator and used for biochemical treatment of condensate, and an MBR tank connected with the hydrolysis acidification tank and used for membrane filtration to realize mud-water separation.
2. The high-efficiency treatment system for the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and adding sulfuric acid and a demulsifier into the oil separation settling tank to perform demulsification treatment.
3. The high-efficiency treatment system for the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and adding alkali into a preposed reaction tank of the coagulation air floatation tank to neutralize the wastewater, adjusting the pH to be neutral, and adding a coagulant PAC and a flocculant PAM to ensure that oil drops and impurities are mutually coagulated.
4. The high-efficiency treatment system for the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and firstly adding sulfuric acid into the batch reaction tank to reduce the pH value, and then adding ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide to carry out Fenton oxidation reaction.
5. The high-efficiency treatment system for the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: and floating oil in the oil separation settling tank, oil-containing floating slag in the coagulation air flotation tank and distillation residues in the scraper evaporator are collected to an incinerator for incineration treatment.
6. The high-efficiency treatment system for the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hydrolysis acidification tank is connected with a hydrolysis sedimentation tank, and supernatant liquid after hydrolysis sedimentation is stored in the hydrolysis sedimentation tank.
7. The high-efficiency treatment system for the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: an anoxic tank for denitrification and an aerobic tank for nitrification are arranged between the hydrolysis sedimentation tank and the MBR tank.
8. The high-efficiency treatment process of the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, demulsifying, namely feeding the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid into an oil separation settling tank, adding sulfuric acid and a demulsifier into the oil separation settling tank, fully mixing and stirring to stratify oil and water, removing floating oil, and feeding the remaining waste liquid into a coagulation air flotation tank;
s2, performing coagulation air floatation treatment, namely adding alkali into a pre-reaction tank of a coagulation air floatation tank to neutralize wastewater, adjusting the pH to be neutral, adding a coagulant PAC and a flocculant PAM to enable oil drops and impurities to be mutually condensed, removing oil-containing floating slag, and overflowing air floatation effluent to the batch-type reaction tank;
s3, performing Fenton advanced oxidation, adding sulfuric acid into the batch reaction tank to adjust the pH value to acidity, adding ferrous sulfate and hydrogen peroxide to perform Fenton oxidation reaction, further removing organic matters in water, adding alkali after the reaction is finished to adjust the pH value to alkalinity, and adding a flocculating agent to coagulate flocs to form a mud-water mixture;
s4, separating mud and water, performing filter pressing on the mud and water mixture, and collecting filtrate through a wastewater adjusting tank;
s5, evaporating, conveying the filtrate into a scraper evaporator system for evaporation, and collecting the evaporated condensate into an intermediate pool;
s6, biochemical treatment, wherein the effluent of the intermediate tank is sent into a hydrolysis acidification tank, and the hydrolysis bacteria and the acidification bacteria have synergistic effect; precipitating the water discharged from the hydrolysis acidification tank in a hydrolysis precipitation tank, and then feeding the supernatant into a subsequent process;
and S7, filtering by the MBR, allowing supernatant after precipitation in the hydrolysis sedimentation tank to successively pass through the anoxic tank, the aerobic tank and the MBR tank, performing denitrification on heterotrophic bacteria in the anoxic section, performing nitrification on autotrophic bacteria in the aerobic section, allowing effluent from the aerobic tank to enter the MBR tank, performing sludge-water separation by membrane filtration, and allowing membrane effluent to enter the MBR effluent tank for discharge or reuse.
9. The high-efficiency treatment process of the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: and floating oil in the oil separation settling tank, oil-containing floating slag in the coagulation air flotation tank and distillation residues in the scraper evaporator are collected to an incinerator for incineration treatment.
10. The high-efficiency treatment process of the high-concentration oily heavy metal waste liquid according to claim 8, which is characterized in that: and the concentrated sludge in the MBR tank returns to the anoxic tank through reflux control.
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