CN110936042B - Copper pipe welding method - Google Patents
Copper pipe welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110936042B CN110936042B CN201911041327.2A CN201911041327A CN110936042B CN 110936042 B CN110936042 B CN 110936042B CN 201911041327 A CN201911041327 A CN 201911041327A CN 110936042 B CN110936042 B CN 110936042B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
- B23K2101/14—Heat exchangers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
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Abstract
The invention provides a copper pipe welding method, a welding device of the method comprises a first clamp and a second clamp, the first clamp is used for clamping a first copper pipe to be welded, the second clamp is used for clamping a second copper pipe to be welded, the welding joint of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe is provided with a socket matched with the socket, the welding device also comprises a heating coil and a wire feeder, the heating coil is arranged around the welding joint, the wire feeder adopts a stepping motor to provide a power source for feeding welding wires, and the welding wire is in contact connection with a signal wire, one end of the signal wire is in contact connection with the first copper pipe, so that a closed loop can be formed among the welding wire, the signal wire and the first copper pipe, the signal wire is also connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), and monitoring whether the welding wire is in contact with the first copper pipe or not through the PLC. The invention can convey welding wires in a liquid phase in a stepping mode and improve the welding quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for welding copper pipes.
Background
In the refrigeration industry, most of heat exchange pipelines of electrical equipment such as refrigerators and air conditioners are copper pipes, and the connection quality of copper pipe welding is always a focus of attention in the refrigeration industry.
The main indicators for embodying the connection quality of the copper pipe joint are as follows: joint strength, gas tightness and corrosion resistance. The copper pipe connection usually adopts a brazing welding mode, brazing is a welding method for filling gaps of solid workpieces by using liquid brazing filler metal to enable metal connection, the brazing filler metal is molten in the welding process, the weldment is not molten, welding deformation is small, and joints are smooth and attractive. In the prior art, brazing filler metal can be conveyed to the position of a welding joint of a copper pipe by a wire feeder, and main factors influencing the welding joint of the copper pipe comprise a welding temperature, a wire feeding method, the type of a welding wire, a heating method and the like.
The traditional wire feeder adopts a direct current motor as a driving unit, adopts a direct current wire feeding method to weld a copper pipe, does not completely melt when a welding wire contacts the copper pipe, can generate pressure on the pipe wall of the copper pipe, the physical performance of a thin-wall copper pipe is deteriorated under a high-temperature heating state, the copper pipe is easy to melt under the pressure action of the welding wire, the pipe wall is thinned, and the welding wire can puncture the copper pipe in severe cases. In addition, the solder formed after the welding wire is melted can not completely flow into the welding seam, a welding beading can be formed on the surface of the copper pipe, the contact area of the welding wire and the copper pipe is corroded and contracted, and the length of a fusion line of a welding joint is short. The above phenomena have a great influence on the strength, airtightness and corrosion resistance of the welded joint.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for welding copper pipes.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a copper pipe welding device comprises a first clamp and a second clamp, wherein the first clamp is used for clamping a first copper pipe to be welded, the second clamp is used for clamping a second copper pipe to be welded, a matched socket is arranged at the welding joint of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe, the welding device further comprises a heating coil and a wire feeder, the heating coil surrounds the welding joint and is used for locally heating the welding joint, the wire feeder adopts a stepping motor to provide a power source to convey a welding wire, the welding wire is in contact connection with a signal wire, one end of the signal wire is in contact connection with the first copper pipe, a closed loop can be formed among the welding wire, the signal wire and the first copper pipe, the signal wire is further connected with a PLC controller, and the PLC controller is used for monitoring whether the welding wire is in contact with the first copper pipe or not, the feeding direction of the welding wire is perpendicular to the center line of the welding joint of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe, and the welding wire is positioned above the bell mouth of the second copper pipe at the welding joint.
The copper pipe welding device utilizes the PLC and the stepping motor to carry out stepping wire feeding, the aim of accurately feeding welding wires is achieved by controlling the wire feeding length, the wire feeding speed and the stepping period, the part of the welding wires, which is in contact with a copper pipe to be welded, is always in a liquid phase state, namely liquid phase wire feeding, the pressure of the welding wires on the copper pipe is reduced, the molten welding wires smoothly flow into a welding line by the liquid phase wire feeding, the occurrence of welding beading is avoided, and the possibility of corrosion and shrinkage of the copper pipe is reduced.
As a preferred design of the invention, the wire feeder comprises a winding wheel and a conveying roller wheel set, a wire feeding module is arranged between the winding wheel and the conveying roller wheel set, a wire discharging module is arranged behind the conveying roller wheel set, and the welding wire sequentially passes through the wire feeding module, the conveying roller wheel set and the wire discharging module.
And as a preferred design of the invention, an infrared thermometer is arranged at the welding joint and is connected with the PLC, the temperature of the copper pipe at the welding joint is monitored by the infrared thermometer, and the monitored temperature value is fed back to the PLC, thereby controlling the wire feeder to feed the welding wire.
As the optimal design of the invention, the welding device also comprises a welding wire preheating module for preheating the welding wire, and the welding wire is preheated, so that the heating time required by melting the welding wire after contacting with the copper pipe is shortened, and the welding efficiency is improved.
A method for welding a copper pipe by using the copper pipe welding device comprises the following steps:
s1: polishing the socket of the first copper pipe and the socket of the second copper pipe smoothly, and inserting the socket of the first copper pipe into the socket of the second copper pipe;
s2: clamping a first copper pipe through a first clamp, clamping a second copper pipe through a second clamp, and enabling center lines of the clamped first copper pipe and the clamped second copper pipe to coincide at a welding joint, wherein the welding joint is a joint of a socket of the first copper pipe and a socket of the second copper pipe;
s3: placing the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe which are clamped in the step S2 into a heating coil, locally heating the welding joint through the heating coil, and monitoring the temperature of the welding joint, preferably, monitoring the temperature of the welding joint by using an infrared thermometer;
s4: pre-feeding a welding wire by a wire feeder: the feeding direction of the welding wire is perpendicular to the center lines of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe at the welding joint, the distance between the front end of the welding wire and the first copper pipe after the welding wire is fed in advance is a preset distance value M1, the welding wire is positioned above the bell mouth of the second copper pipe, and the distance between the welding wire and the bell mouth of the second copper pipe is a preset distance value M2; when the welding wire is melted, the welding wire can quickly flow into the gap of the welding joint below the welding wire for filling the welding flux;
s5: when the temperature value at the welding joint reaches a preset temperature value T, the wire feeder starts to feed welding wires, stops feeding the welding wires when the front ends of the welding wires are in contact with the first copper pipe, and prepares to enter a liquid-phase pulse wire feeding stage;
preferably, the welding wire is in contact connection with a signal wire, one end of the signal wire is in contact connection with the first copper pipe, so that the welding wire, the signal wire and the first copper pipe can form a closed loop, the signal wire is further connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), when the welding wire is in contact with the first copper pipe, the closed loop is conducted, and the PLC receives a conducting signal and immediately controls the wire feeder to stop feeding the welding wire;
s6: liquid phase pulse wire feeding stage: conveying welding wires in a stepping mode according to preset parameters, wherein each section of wire feeding length, each section of wire feeding interval, each section of wire feeding speed and total wire feeding section number are the length of the welding wires which are melted through the heat conduction action when the welding wires are contacted with a first copper pipe, each section of wire feeding interval is the time required by the melting of the welding wires in each section of wire feeding length, each section of wire feeding speed is the conveying speed of the welding wires in each section of stepping conveying process, and the total wire feeding section number multiplied by each section of wire feeding length is equal to the length of the welding wires required by the welding of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe;
s7: and after the liquid phase pulse wire feeding stage reaches the preset total wire feeding section number, the welding wires are pumped back through the wire feeding machine, and the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe are cooled.
In step S5, the preset temperature value T is 30 to 50 ℃ higher than the melting temperature of the welding wire.
The invention has the following remarkable effects:
1. according to the copper pipe welding device and the welding method, the part of the welding wire in contact with the copper pipe to be welded is always in the liquid phase, so that the adverse effect of the welding wire on the copper pipe in the wire feeding process is eliminated, the pressure of the welding wire on the copper pipe is reduced, the copper pipe is prevented from being punctured by the welding wire, the liquid phase wire feeding can obtain a welding line with long fusion line, uniform and fine tissue and low porosity, and the joint strength, the air tightness and the corrosion resistance of a welding joint are improved.
2. The copper pipe welding device adopts a liquid phase pulse wire feeding method, welding wires flow into a welding seam instantly after being melted, no welding flux is gathered outside the welding seam, flash is avoided, the corrosion of a copper pipe to be welded is reduced, the smoothness of the welding joint is improved on the basis of improving the physical performance of the welding joint, and the appearance is more attractive.
3. According to the invention, the PLC and the stepping motor are adopted to carry out stepping wire feeding, so that the welding automation is realized, and the welding efficiency is ensured.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a copper pipe welding apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the wire feeder of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the copper pipe welding device of the present invention comprises a first clamp 5 and a second clamp 6, wherein the first clamp 5 is used for clamping a first copper pipe 1 to be welded, the second clamp 6 is used for clamping a second copper pipe 2 to be welded, a socket is provided at a welding joint 3 of the first copper pipe 1 and the second copper pipe 2, the welding device further comprises a heating coil 4 and a wire feeder, the heating coil 4 is arranged around the welding joint 3 and is used for locally heating the welding joint 3, the wire feeder adopts a stepping motor to provide a power source to convey a welding wire 7, the welding wire 7 is in contact connection with a signal line 8, one end of the signal line 8 is in contact connection with the first copper pipe 1, so that a closed loop can be formed among the welding wire 7, the signal line 8 and the first copper pipe 1, the signal line 8 is also connected with a PLC controller 9, the PLC controller 9 is connected with an upper computer 10 for controlling the wire feeder, specifically, the signal line 8 may be a conductive wire, one end of which is connected to the first clamp 5, the first clamp 5 has a conductor for conducting the signal line 8 and the first copper tube 1, and the other end of the signal line 8 is capable of conducting the bonding wire 7. The PLC 9 is used for monitoring whether the welding wire 7 is in contact with the first copper pipe 1 or not, the conveying direction of the welding wire 7 is perpendicular to the center line of the welding joint 3 of the first copper pipe 1 and the second copper pipe 2, and the welding wire 7 is located above the bell mouth of the second copper pipe 2 at the welding joint 3.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, an infrared thermometer is arranged at the welding joint 3, the infrared thermometer is connected with the PLC 9, the temperature of the copper pipe at the welding joint 3 is monitored by the infrared thermometer, the monitored temperature value is fed back to the PLC 9, and the wire feeder is further controlled to feed welding wires according to preset steps.
As shown in fig. 2, the wire feeder of the present invention includes a winding wheel 11 and a conveying roller wheel set, a wire feeding module 12 is disposed between the winding wheel 11 and the conveying roller wheel set, a wire discharging module 16 is disposed behind the conveying roller wheel set, and a welding wire 7 sequentially passes through the wire feeding module 12, the conveying roller wheel set and the wire discharging module 16.
The winding wheel 11 is used for winding a welding wire, the wire feeding module 12 is used for guiding and shaping the welding wire before the welding wire enters the conveying roller set, the conveying roller set comprises two pairs of conveying wheels, each pair of conveying wheels comprises a driving wheel 13 and a driven wheel 14, a limiting module 15 is arranged between the two pairs of conveying wheels, the distance between the driving wheel 13 and the driven wheel 14 is adjustable, the welding wire is driven to move forwards through friction force, and the wire discharging module 16 is used for guiding the welding wire to be sent to the position near the first copper pipe in the first embodiment.
In this embodiment, a welding wire preheating module may be further added to preheat the welding wire.
Two copper tubes, namely a first copper tube 1 and a second copper tube 2, are taken, wherein one end of each of the first copper tube 1 and the second copper tube 2 is provided with a socket, and the other end of each of the first copper tube 1 and the second copper tube 2 is provided with a socket, for example, a socket 1a of the first copper tube 1 shown in figure 1, the tube wall thickness of the first copper tube and the second copper tube is 0.5mm, the tube length is 70mm, the outer diameter is 8mm, the outer diameter of the socket is 9.2mm, the inner diameter of the socket is 8.2mm, and the depth of the socket is 10 mm.
The welding method of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe comprises the following steps:
s1: polishing the socket of the first copper pipe 1 and the bell mouth of the second copper pipe 2 smoothly, and inserting the socket of the first copper pipe 1 into the bell mouth of the second copper pipe 2;
s2: clamping a first copper pipe 1 through a first clamp 5, clamping a second copper pipe 2 through a second clamp 6, and enabling central lines of the clamped first copper pipe 1 and the clamped second copper pipe 2 to be superposed at a welding joint 3, wherein the welding joint 3 is a joint of a socket of the first copper pipe 1 and a socket of the second copper pipe 2;
s3: placing the first copper pipe 1 and the second copper pipe 2 which are clamped in the step S2 into a heating coil 4, locally heating the welding joint 3 through the heating coil 4, and monitoring the temperature of the welding joint 3 through an infrared thermometer;
s4: pre-feeding a welding wire by a wire feeder: the feeding direction of the welding wire 7 is perpendicular to the center lines of the first copper pipe 1 and the second copper pipe 2 at the welding joint 3, the distance between the front end of the welding wire 7 and the first copper pipe 1 after the welding wire is fed in advance is 5mm, the welding wire 7 is positioned above the bell mouth of the second copper pipe 2, and the distance between the welding wire 7 and the bell mouth of the second copper pipe 2 is 2 mm; the welding wire 7 is a Cu93P welding wire with the diameter of 1mm, the melting temperature of the welding wire is 710-793 ℃, and the solder has good fluidity and can be well used for small-gap welding. When the welding wire is melted, the welding wire can quickly flow into the gap of the welding joint below the welding wire for filling the welding flux.
S5: when the temperature value at the welding joint 3 reaches a preset temperature value T which is 720 ℃, the wire feeder starts to feed the welding wire 7, stops feeding the welding wire when the front end of the welding wire 7 is in contact with the first copper pipe 1, and prepares to enter a liquid phase pulse wire feeding stage;
the welding wire 7 is in contact connection with a signal wire 8, one end of the signal wire 8 is in contact connection with the first copper pipe 1, so that the welding wire 7, the signal wire 8 and the first copper pipe can form a closed loop, the signal wire 8 is also connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller) 9, when the welding wire 7 is in contact with the first copper pipe 1, the closed loop is conducted, and the PLC 9 receives a conducting signal and immediately controls the wire feeder to stop feeding the welding wire;
s6: liquid phase pulse wire feeding stage: conveying welding wires in a stepping mode according to preset parameters, wherein each section of wire feeding length, each section of wire feeding interval, each section of wire feeding speed and total wire feeding section number are the length of the welding wires which are melted through the heat conduction action when the welding wires are contacted with a first copper pipe, each section of wire feeding interval is the time required by the melting of the welding wires in each section of wire feeding length, each section of wire feeding speed is the conveying speed of the welding wires in each section of stepping conveying process, and the total wire feeding section number multiplied by each section of wire feeding length is equal to the length of the welding wires required by the welding of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe; in the embodiment, the length of each section of wire feeding is 2mm, the wire feeding interval of each section is 0.1s, the wire feeding speed of each section is 40mm/s, and the total number of the wire feeding sections is 60.
S7: and after the liquid phase pulse wire feeding stage reaches the preset total wire feeding section number, the welding wires are pumped back through the wire feeding machine, and the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe are cooled.
In the step S5, the preset temperature T should be 30 to 50 ℃ higher than the melting temperature of the welding wire.
After welding, the appearance of the welding joint is observed, the welding flux completely flows into a welding seam, the phenomena of corrosion and shrinkage are not generated, and welding beading is not generated on the wall of the copper pipe; the cut welded joint was observed and analyzed under a microscope, and the results were as follows: the length of the fusion line of the welding joint is 10mm, the superposed parts of the socket of the first copper pipe and the bell mouth of the second copper pipe are welded, the welding seam structure is compact, the tissue distribution is uniform, and no obvious air holes and impurities exist. In addition, the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe after being welded are subjected to tensile test, and the parts which are subjected to fracture failure are all arranged on the base metal copper pipe, so that the connection strength of the welded joint is improved.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various other modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above-described structure of the present invention without departing from the basic technical concept of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A copper pipe welding method is characterized in that a copper pipe welding device is adopted, the welding device comprises a first clamp and a second clamp, the first clamp is used for clamping a first copper pipe to be welded, the second clamp is used for clamping a second copper pipe to be welded, a matched socket is arranged at a welding joint of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe, the welding device further comprises a heating coil and a wire feeder, the heating coil is arranged around the welding joint and used for locally heating the welding joint, the wire feeder adopts a stepping motor to provide a power source for conveying welding wires, the welding wires are in contact connection with a signal wire, one end of the signal wire is in contact connection with the first copper pipe, so that a closed loop can be formed among the welding wires, the signal wire and the first copper pipe, and the signal wire is further connected with a PLC (programmable logic controller), monitoring whether the welding wire is in contact with the first copper pipe or not through the PLC, wherein the conveying direction of the welding wire is perpendicular to the center line of the welding joint of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe, and the welding wire is positioned above the bell mouth of the second copper pipe at the welding joint;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1: polishing the socket of the first copper pipe and the socket of the second copper pipe smoothly, and inserting the socket of the first copper pipe into the socket of the second copper pipe;
s2: clamping a first copper pipe through a first clamp, clamping a second copper pipe through a second clamp, and enabling center lines of the clamped first copper pipe and the clamped second copper pipe to coincide at a welding joint, wherein the welding joint is a joint of a socket of the first copper pipe and a socket of the second copper pipe;
s3: placing the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe which are clamped in the step S2 into a heating coil, locally heating the welding joint through the heating coil, and monitoring the temperature of the welding joint;
s4: pre-feeding welding wires by a wire feeder: the feeding direction of the welding wire is perpendicular to the center lines of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe at the welding joint, the distance between the front end of the welding wire and the first copper pipe after the welding wire is fed in advance is a preset distance value M1, the welding wire is positioned above the bell mouth of the second copper pipe, and the distance between the welding wire and the bell mouth of the second copper pipe is a preset distance value M2;
s5: when the temperature value at the welding joint reaches a preset temperature value T, the wire feeder starts to feed welding wires, and the welding wires are stopped to be fed when the front ends of the welding wires are in contact with the first copper pipe;
s6: liquid phase pulse wire feeding stage: conveying welding wires in a stepping mode according to preset parameters, wherein each section of wire feeding length, each section of wire feeding interval, each section of wire feeding speed and total wire feeding section number are the length of the welding wires which are melted through the heat conduction action when the welding wires are contacted with a first copper pipe, each section of wire feeding interval is the time required by the melting of the welding wires in each section of wire feeding length, each section of wire feeding speed is the conveying speed of the welding wires in each section of stepping conveying process, and the total wire feeding section number multiplied by each section of wire feeding length is equal to the length of the welding wires required by the welding of the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe;
s7: and after the liquid phase pulse wire feeding stage reaches the preset total wire feeding section number, the welding wire is drawn back through the wire feeder, and the first copper pipe and the second copper pipe are cooled.
2. A method for welding copper pipes as defined in claim 1 wherein in step S3 the temperature at the weld joint is monitored by means of an infrared thermometer.
3. A method for welding a copper pipe according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, a signal wire is connected to the contact of the welding wire, and one end of the signal wire is connected to the first copper pipe in a contact manner, so that the welding wire, the signal wire and the first copper pipe can form a closed loop, and the signal wire is further connected to a PLC controller.
4. A method for welding copper pipes as defined in claim 1 wherein, in step S5, the predetermined temperature T is 30-50 ℃ higher than the melting temperature of the welding wire.
5. A copper pipe welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wire feeder comprises a winding wheel and a conveying roller set, a wire feeding module is arranged between the winding wheel and the conveying roller set, a wire discharging module is arranged behind the conveying roller set, and the welding wire sequentially passes through the wire feeding module, the conveying roller set and the wire discharging module.
6. A copper pipe welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an infrared thermometer is arranged at the welding joint, and the infrared thermometer is connected with the PLC.
7. A method for welding copper tubes according to any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein said welding apparatus further comprises a wire preheating module for preheating the welding wire.
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| CN201911041327.2A CN110936042B (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Copper pipe welding method |
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| CN201911041327.2A CN110936042B (en) | 2019-10-30 | 2019-10-30 | Copper pipe welding method |
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| CN112404642A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-26 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Welding method of thin-wall copper pipe |
| CN112658431B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-09-21 | 湖南开益制冷设备有限公司 | Vertical copper pipe welding bench |
| CN112705583A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-27 | 信达科创（唐山）石油设备有限公司 | Composite welding pipe making heat treatment production line and process |
| KR20240099424A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-06-28 | 제지앙 둔안 아트피셜 인바이런먼트 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Pipeline connection structures and stop valves |
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