CN110935425B - Polymer composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Polymer composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high molecular composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbon, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the composite material comprises an A anion material and a B cation material; the A anion material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-6% of porous etherified starch, 0.1-1% of xanthan gum, 2-10% of betaine, 0.1-0.5% of AEG (alcohol ether glycoside), 0.1-0.5% of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), and 82-93% of pure water; the cationic material B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of chitosan, 0.1-1% of cationic guar gum, 2-10% of betaine, 1-3% of citric acid, 2-8% of polyethylene glycol, 0.01-0.05% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.5% of APG (alkyl glycoside), 0.1-0.5% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 78-93% of pure water. The composite material is environment-friendly, can be biologically and rapidly degraded, does not consume energy, is convenient to maintain, is convenient and fast to desorb, and has high efficiency of adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a high-molecular composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous enhancement and powerful execution of national environmental protection policies, the influence of PM2.5 on the air quality of people is gradually reduced, but environmental research workers find that the pollution of volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) emitted by organizations such as industrial and mining enterprises, catering industry and the like to the air of people becomes a pain point for the environmental protection industry to control, the catering industry is closely related to the life of people, meanwhile, the solid-liquid-gas three-state mixed pollutants generated by oil smoke seriously influence the health of people, in particular to the volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) in the oil smoke, the volatile organic pollutants mainly comprise oxygen-containing volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) such as non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs), halogenated hydrocarbons and corresponding aldehydes, ketones, esters and the like, the organic volatiles are potential or indirect carcinogens, the non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs) are closely related to urban chemical smoke, the formation of secondary aerosol is also an important source for the formation of atmospheric ozone precursors, becomes an important factor for urban atmospheric pollution and human health influence.
In 2001, the state promulgates implementation of oil fume emission standards (trial) in the food industry, which mainly use oil fume as a control index of a pollution source and does not provide corresponding control requirements for volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) emitted by the pollution source of the food and drink. With the updating and perfection of online oil fume monitoring means and methods, cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou in 2018 are respectively provided with a new standard, namely landmark for short, for oil fume emission in catering industry, and non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs) are listed into one of online monitoring indexes for the first time in the new landmark, for example, the environmental protection agency of Beijing City in 2018 and the quality technology supervision agency of Beijing City release the emission standard of atmospheric pollutants in catering industry (DB 11/1488-. The departure of the landmarks puts higher purification technical requirements on catering industry and oil fume purification equipment manufacturers.
At present, the oil fume purification equipment mainly comprises the following methods for purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in oil fume: 1. physical methods, including condensation, absorption, adsorption; the defects of low concentration and high flux of VOCs, low adsorption efficiency, large occupied area of equipment and frequent replacement of consumables. 2. Combustion processes, including catalytic combustion; the defects of high operation cost, energy consumption and incomplete reaction in the treatment process are easy to generate secondary pollution carcinogens. 3. The low-temperature plasma has the defects of energy consumption, easy generation of secondary pollutant ozone 4, electrostatic method, frequent cleaning of the polar plate and certain potential safety hazard.
As the application of commercial oil fume purification equipment, the factors of low cost, safety, effectiveness, convenient and quick maintenance and the like need to be considered, and at the present stage, the commercial oil fume purification equipment can hardly meet the requirements, and different defects exist in the purification technology of oil fume non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs).
Chinese patent application publication No. CN109647334 discloses a non-methane total hydrocarbon material in high-efficiency oil fume removal, which takes a multifunctional honeycomb-shaped high-specific surface area activated carbon material as a carrier, simultaneously impregnates an active component and a high-efficiency antibacterial component solution, and prepares a MHCC high-performance honeycomb material through solid-liquid separation and drying; the loading amount of the active component is 0.001-10 wt%, and the content of the high-efficiency antibacterial component is 0.001-1 wt%. The active component is one or more of urea, fructose, oxalic acid, benzoic acid, sodium alginate, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and bromohexadecane. The antibacterial component is composed of one or more of chitosan, quaternary ammonium salt or nano silver. From the descriptions of examples 1 to 6 of the patent, it is clear that the purification efficiency of non-methane total hydrocarbons in the soot using the material of the patent is 70% or less, and the purification efficiency is still to be improved.
Therefore, the development of a material capable of efficiently adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs) has great scientific research and application significance, and the development of the material and the process is not slow.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polymer composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons, a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a polymer composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons is characterized in that: comprises A anion material and B cation material;
the A anion material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-6% of porous etherified starch, 0.1-1% of xanthan gum, 2-10% of betaine, 0.1-0.5% of AEG (alcohol ether glycoside), 0.1-0.5% of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), and 82-93% of pure water;
the cationic material B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of chitosan, 0.1-1% of cationic guar gum, 2-10% of betaine, 1-3% of citric acid, 2-8% of polyethylene glycol, 0.01-0.05% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.5% of APG (alkyl glycoside), 0.1-0.5% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 78-93% of pure water.
Preferably, the A anion material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of porous etherified starch, 0.5% of xanthan gum, 5% of betaine, 0.3% of AEG (alcohol ether glycoside), 0.1% of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and 90.1% of pure water;
the cationic material B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% of chitosan, 0.8% of cationic guar gum, 4% of betaine, 1% of citric acid, 3% of polyethylene glycol, 0.02% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, 0.2% of APG (alkyl glycoside), 0.3% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 89.68% of pure water.
The preparation method of the polymer composite material for adsorbing and purifying the non-methane total hydrocarbon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the preparation method of the A anion material comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding 1-6% of porous etherified starch and 0.1-1% of xanthan gum into 82-93% of pure water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare A1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 2-10% of betaine into the A1 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare an A2 glue solution;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the A2 glue solution at 60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and cooling to normal temperature for later use;
step 4, respectively adding 0.1-0.5% of AEG (alcohol ether glucoside) and 0.1-0.5% of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene) into the A2 glue solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to prepare an A anion material;
the preparation method of the B cationic material comprises the following steps:
step 1, pouring 0.1-1% of cationic guar gum into 78-93% of pure water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at the water temperature of 75-80 ℃, and preparing B1 glue solution for later use after the cationic guar gum is fully dissolved;
step 2, adding 0.1-2% of chitosan into 1% of citric acid solution for full dissolution for later use to prepare B2 glue solution;
step 3, mixing 2-8% of polyethylene glycol and 0.01-0.05% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, stirring at a water temperature of 50-70 ℃, and fully dispersing to prepare a B3 mesoporous adsorbent for later use;
step 4, adding B3 into the B2 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at normal temperature, and fully mixing to obtain B4 glue solution;
step 5, adding B4 into the B1 glue solution, stirring for 30-60 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preparing B5 glue solution after fully mixing uniformly;
step 6, adding 2-10% of betaine into the B5 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preserving heat for 12-15 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after full dissolution to obtain B6 glue solution for later use;
and 7, respectively adding 0.1-0.5% of APG (alkyl glycoside) and 0.1-0.5% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into the B6 glue solution, stirring at normal temperature for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the B cationic material.
The application of the polymer composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbon is characterized in that: the method is applied to purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons in the oil fume.
Furthermore, the application method is that the A anion material and the B cation material are soaked on the porous carrier and are placed at the front end of the oil smoke outlet pipeline.
Furthermore, the porous carrier is one of activated carbon sponge, activated carbon cloth and glass fiber paper.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the A, B material is made of biological polysaccharide high molecular material, and the formed gel aqueous solution has a porous structure, a large specific surface area, strong water absorption and oil absorption functions, has positive and negative charges respectively, can adsorb different particles with charges respectively, is biodegradable and environment-friendly.
2. The A, B material of the invention selects strong active nonionic and cationic surfactants, the active oleophilic group is an alkyl group, which can efficiently adsorb and purify non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the oil smoke, and the selected surfactants can be biodegraded, are environment-friendly and have no harm to people and environment.
3. The A, B material is more convenient and rapid to desorb after oil fume purification, and the cleaned solution can be directly discharged without harm to the environment.
4. The A, B material is used in combination, and the purification efficiency of the non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the oil smoke is high.
5. The invention has the advantages of natural and easily obtained material sources, simple preparation method, easy operation and obvious purification effect, and can be widely used for treating VOCs (volatile organic chemicals) which are organically discharged in the fields of oil fume, spraying, industry and the like.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments. This invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the concept of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the present invention will only be defined by the appended claims.
A high-molecular composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane hydrocarbon contains anionic material A and cationic material B.
The A anion material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-6% of porous etherified starch, 0.1-1% of xanthan gum, 2-10% of betaine, 0.1-0.5% of AEG (alcohol ether glycoside), 0.1-0.5% of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether), and 82-93% of pure water;
the cationic material B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of chitosan, 0.1-1% of cationic guar gum, 2-10% of betaine, 1-3% of citric acid, 2-8% of polyethylene glycol, 0.01-0.05% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.5% of APG (alkyl glycoside), 0.1-0.5% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 78-93% of pure water.
Wherein, the porous etherified starch in the A anion material is formed by etherifying porous starch and belongs to anion plant polysaccharide. The porous modified starch is modified starch granules with surface and internal pore structures, the porosity is more than 50%, the diameter of the granules is about 1 micron, and compared with the conventional starch, the porous modified starch has the advantages of large pore volume, large specific surface area, large density stacking capacity, small granule density and strong water and oil absorption capacity.
The xanthan gum in the anion material A belongs to anion bacterial polysaccharide, has good water solubility, good stability to heat and acid and alkali, is easily dissolved in cold and hot water, is freezing-resistant, can be dispersed in water, and has the effects of thickening, suspending, emulsifying, stabilizing and the like. The xanthan gum has the general performance of long-chain macromolecules, but has more functional groups than the general macromolecules and unique performance, and the sol molecules of the xanthan gum can form combined banded spiral copolymers to form a network structure similar to the gum, so that the xanthan gum has strong emulsification effect and good suspension capacity on insoluble solids and oil drops.
Betaine in the anionic material A is a surfactant, is nontoxic, and has good water solubility, intermiscibility, compatibility, biodegradability and antistatic property.
AEG (alcohol ether glucoside) in the anionic material A is a green functional nonionic surfactant, has no irritation, is easy to biodegrade, and is safe to people and environment; the water-soluble organic silicon dioxide gel has good water solubility, hard water resistance and good thickening effect on a formula body, and can be compatible with various active substances; stable chemical property, has the functions of foaming, foam stabilization, emulsification, decontamination and the like, and has synergistic effect when being compounded with various surface active components.
TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene) in the anionic material A is anionic surface active, has excellent emulsifying and cleaning capacity, strong dirt removing capacity on animal, plant and mineral oil stains, good dispersibility and antistatic performance and easy biodegradation.
In addition, the chitosan in the cationic material B is prepared in a laboratory by the applicant, extracted from shrimp and crab shells, is a unique cationic basic polysaccharide in the nature, has free amino in molecules, is easy to form salt in an acid solution, has a cationic property, has unique physical and chemical properties of the chitosan due to the characteristics of the amino, has good biocompatibility, safety and biodegradability, can adsorb chelated metal ions, and is bacteriostatic. Of course, the chitosan in the cationic material of the invention B can also be selected from commercially available chitosan.
The cationic guar gum in the cationic material B is modified by plant neutral polysaccharide guar gum, has the effects of foaming, foam stabilization, static resistance, thickening and the like, can form a porous network structure with protein,
the betaine in the cationic material B is a surfactant, is nontoxic, and has good water solubility, intermiscibility, compatibility, biodegradability and antistatic property.
The citric acid in the cationic material B can quickly precipitate metal ions, so that dirt and ash can be dispersed and suspended, the performance of the surfactant is improved, and the chelating agent is an excellent chelating agent.
The polyethylene glycol in the cationic material B has good biocompatibility, affinity, lubricity, moisture retention and dispersibility, is stable to heat, does not hydrolyze, does not deteriorate and the like.
The nano-scale titanium dioxide in the B cationic material is an inorganic non-metallic material, has a large specific surface area, a multi-mesoporous structure on the surface and an ultra-strong adsorption function.
The APG (alkyl glycoside) in the B cationic material is non-ionic surface active, has good foamability, strong detergency, strong dissolving capacity, acid and alkali resistance, good thickening capacity and good compatibility, can be compounded with various ionic surface active to generate a synergistic effect, is easy to biodegrade, and is non-toxic and non-irritant.
The octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride in the cationic material B is a cationic surfactant, is easy to dissolve in water, has good chemical stability, heat resistance, acid and alkali resistance and good permeability, antistatic property and bactericidal property, can be compatible with various surfactants, synergizes and is biodegradable.
Preferably, the A anion material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of porous etherified starch, 0.5% of xanthan gum, 5% of betaine, 0.3% of AEG (alcohol ether glycoside), 0.1% of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether) and 90.1% of pure water;
the cationic material B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% of chitosan, 0.8% of cationic guar gum, 4% of betaine, 1% of citric acid, 3% of polyethylene glycol, 0.02% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, 0.2% of APG (alkyl glycoside), 0.3% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 89.68% of pure water.
The preparation method of the polymer composite material comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding 1-6% of porous etherified starch and 0.1-1% of xanthan gum into 82-93% of pure water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare A1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 2-10% of betaine into the A1 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare an A2 glue solution;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the A2 glue solution at 60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and cooling to normal temperature for later use;
and 4, respectively adding 0.1-0.5% of AEG (alcohol ether glucoside) and 0.1-0.5% of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene) into the A2 glue solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the A anion material.
The preparation method of the B cationic material comprises the following steps:
step 1, pouring 0.1-1% of cationic guar gum into 78-93% of pure water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at the water temperature of 75-80 ℃, and preparing B1 glue solution for later use after the cationic guar gum is fully dissolved;
step 2, adding 0.1-2% of chitosan into 1% of citric acid solution for full dissolution for later use to prepare B2 glue solution;
step 3, mixing 2-8% of polyethylene glycol and 0.01-0.05% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, stirring at a water temperature of 50-70 ℃, and fully dispersing to prepare a B3 mesoporous adsorbent for later use;
step 4, adding B3 into the B2 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at normal temperature, and fully mixing to obtain B4 glue solution;
step 5, adding B4 into the B1 glue solution, stirring for 30-60 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preparing B5 glue solution after fully mixing uniformly;
step 6, adding 2-10% of betaine into the B5 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preserving heat for 12-15 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after full dissolution to obtain B6 glue solution for later use;
and 7, respectively adding 0.1-0.5% of APG (alkyl glycoside) and 0.1-0.5% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into the B6 glue solution, stirring at normal temperature for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the B cationic material.
The application of the polymer composite material can be applied to purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons in oil fume. In addition, the method can also be applied to the treatment of VOCs (volatile organic chemicals) which are organically discharged in the fields of spraying, industry and the like.
Furthermore, the method is to soak the anion material A and the cation material B on the porous carrier and place the porous carrier at the front end of the oil smoke outlet pipeline.
Furthermore, the porous carrier is one of activated carbon sponge, activated carbon cloth and glass fiber paper.
Example 1:
and (A) preparing an anionic material:
step 1, adding 1% of porous ether starch and 1% of xanthan gum into 91.2% of purified water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare A1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 6% of betaine into the A1 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to obtain an A2 glue solution;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the A2 glue solution at 60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and cooling to normal temperature for later use;
and 4, respectively adding 0.5 percent of AEG (alcohol ether glucoside) and 0.3 percent of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene) into the A2 glue solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to prepare the A anion material.
The preparation method of the B cationic material comprises the following steps:
step 1, pouring 0.3% of cationic guar gum into 89.79% of purified water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at the water temperature of 75-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare B1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 0.5 percent of prepared chitosan into 1 percent of citric acid solution for full dissolution for later use to prepare B2 glue solution;
step 3, mixing 6 percent of polyethylene glycol and 0.01 percent of nano-scale titanium dioxide, and stirring and fully dispersing at the water temperature of 50-70 ℃ to prepare the B3 mesoporous adsorbent for later use;
step 4, adding B3 into the B2 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at normal temperature, and fully mixing to obtain B4 glue solution;
step 5, adding B4 into the B1 glue solution, stirring for 30-60 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preparing B5 glue solution after fully mixing uniformly;
step 6, adding 3% of betaine into the B5 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preserving heat for 12-15 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after full dissolution to obtain B6 glue solution for later use;
and 7, respectively adding 0.2% of APG (alkyl glycoside) and 0.2% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into the B6 glue solution, stirring at normal temperature for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the B cationic material.
Example 2
Preparation of anionic Material
Step 1, adding 4% of porous ether starch and 0.5% of xanthan gum into 90.1% of purified water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare A1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 5% of betaine into the A1 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to obtain an A2 glue solution;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the A2 glue solution at 60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and cooling to normal temperature for later use;
and 4, respectively adding 0.3 percent of AEG (alcohol ether glucoside) and 0.1 percent of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene) into the A2 glue solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to prepare the A anion material.
The preparation method of the B cationic material comprises the following steps:
step 1, pouring 1% of cationic guar gum into 86.35% of purified water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at the water temperature of 75-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare B1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 1% of prepared chitosan into 1% of citric acid solution for full dissolution for later use to prepare B2 glue solution;
step 3, mixing 6 percent of polyethylene glycol and 0.05 percent of nano-scale titanium dioxide, stirring at the water temperature of 50-70 ℃, and fully dispersing to prepare a B3 mesoporous adsorbent for later use;
step 4, adding B3 into the B2 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at normal temperature, and fully mixing to obtain B4 glue solution;
step 5, adding B4 into the B1 glue solution, stirring for 30-60 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preparing B5 glue solution after fully mixing uniformly;
step 6, adding 4% of betaine into the B5 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preserving heat for 12-15 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after full dissolution to obtain B6 glue solution for later use;
and 7, respectively adding 0.1% of APG (alkyl glycoside) and 0.5% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into the B6 glue solution, stirring at normal temperature for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the B cationic material.
Example 3
And (A) preparing an anionic material:
step 1, adding 6% of porous ether starch and 0.1% of xanthan gum into 89.6% of purified water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare A1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 4% of betaine into the A1 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to obtain an A2 glue solution;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the A2 glue solution at 60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and cooling to normal temperature for later use;
and 4, respectively adding 0.1% of AEG (alcohol ether glucoside) and 0.2% of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene) into the A2 glue solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to prepare the A anion material.
The preparation method of the B cationic material comprises the following steps:
step 1, pouring 0.5% of cationic guar gum into 86.07% of purified water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at the water temperature of 75-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare B1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 2% of prepared chitosan into 1% of citric acid solution for full dissolution for later use to prepare B2 glue solution;
step 3, mixing 5 percent of polyethylene glycol and 0.03 percent of nano-scale titanium dioxide, and stirring and fully dispersing at the water temperature of 50-70 ℃ to prepare the B3 mesoporous adsorbent for later use;
step 4, adding B3 into the B2 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at normal temperature, and fully mixing to obtain B4 glue solution;
step 5, adding B4 into the B1 glue solution, stirring for 30-60 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preparing B5 glue solution after fully mixing uniformly;
step 6, adding 5% of betaine into the B5 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preserving heat for 12-15 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after full dissolution to obtain B6 glue solution for later use;
and 7, respectively adding 0.3% of APG (alkyl glycoside) and 0.1% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into the B6 glue solution, stirring at normal temperature for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the B cationic material.
Example 4
And (A) preparing an anionic material:
step 1, adding 4% of porous ether starch and 0.5% of xanthan gum into 90.1% of purified water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare A1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 5% of betaine into the A1 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to obtain an A2 glue solution;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the A2 glue solution at 60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and cooling to normal temperature for later use;
and 4, respectively adding 0.3 percent of AEG (alcohol ether glucoside) and 0.1 percent of TX-10 (alkylphenol polyoxyethylene) into the A2 glue solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to prepare the A anion material.
The preparation method of the B cationic material comprises the following steps:
step 1, pouring 0.8% of cationic guar gum into 89.68% of purified water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at the water temperature of 75-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare B1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 1% of prepared chitosan into 1% of citric acid solution for full dissolution for later use to prepare B2 glue solution;
step 3, mixing 3 percent of polyethylene glycol and 0.02 percent of nano-scale titanium dioxide, and stirring and fully dispersing at the water temperature of 50-70 ℃ to prepare a B3 mesoporous adsorbent for later use;
step 4, adding B3 into the B2 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at normal temperature, and fully mixing to obtain B4 glue solution;
step 5, adding B4 into the B1 glue solution, stirring for 30-60 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preparing B5 glue solution after fully mixing uniformly;
step 6, adding 4% of betaine into the B5 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preserving heat for 12-15 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after full dissolution to obtain B6 glue solution for later use;
and 7, respectively adding 0.2% of APG (alkyl glycoside) and 0.3% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into the B6 glue solution, stirring at normal temperature for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the B cationic material.
The anion material A and the cation material B prepared by the methods of the embodiments 1 to 3 are soaked on the activated carbon cloth and then are placed at the front end of the oil smoke outlet pipeline. The purification efficiency of non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the oil smoke is as follows:
therefore, the purifying efficiency of the high molecular composite material for purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the oil smoke is obviously superior to that of the prior art.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A polymer composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons is characterized in that: the material comprises an A anion material and a B cation material, wherein the A anion material and the B cation material are soaked on a porous carrier in the using process;
the A anion material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1-6% of porous etherified starch, 0.1-1% of xanthan gum, 2-10% of betaine, 0.1-0.5% of alcohol ether glycoside, 0.1-0.5% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, and 82-93% of pure water;
the cationic material B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of chitosan, 0.1-1% of cationic guar gum, 2-10% of betaine, 1-3% of citric acid, 2-8% of polyethylene glycol, 0.01-0.05% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, 0.1-0.5% of alkyl glycoside, 0.1-0.5% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 78-93% of pure water.
2. The polymeric composite for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons according to claim 1, wherein:
the A anion material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4% of porous etherified starch, 0.5% of xanthan gum, 5% of betaine, 0.3% of alcohol ether glycoside, 0.1% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene and 90.1% of pure water;
the cationic material B comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1% of chitosan, 0.8% of cationic guar gum, 4% of betaine, 1% of citric acid, 3% of polyethylene glycol, 0.02% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, 0.2% of alkyl glycoside, 0.3% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride and 89.68% of pure water.
3. The method for preparing a polymer composite material for adsorbing and purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the preparation method of the A anion material comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding 1-6% of porous etherified starch and 0.1-1% of xanthan gum into 82-93% of pure water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare A1 glue solution;
step 2, adding 2-10% of betaine into the A1 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and fully dissolving for later use to prepare an A2 glue solution;
step 3, keeping the temperature of the A2 glue solution at 60 ℃ for 12-15 hours, and cooling to normal temperature for later use;
step 4, respectively adding 0.1-0.5% of alcohol ether glycoside and 0.1-0.5% of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene into the A2 glue solution, stirring for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to prepare an A anion material;
the preparation method of the B cationic material comprises the following steps:
step 1, pouring 0.1-1% of cationic guar gum into 78-93% of pure water, stirring for 60-120 minutes at the water temperature of 75-80 ℃, and preparing B1 glue solution for later use after the cationic guar gum is fully dissolved;
step 2, adding 0.1-2% of chitosan into 1% of citric acid solution for full dissolution for later use to prepare B2 glue solution;
step 3, mixing 2-8% of polyethylene glycol and 0.01-0.05% of nano-scale titanium dioxide, stirring at a water temperature of 50-70 ℃, and fully dispersing to prepare a B3 mesoporous adsorbent for later use;
step 4, adding B3 into the B2 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at normal temperature, and fully mixing to obtain B4 glue solution;
step 5, adding B4 into the B1 glue solution, stirring for 30-60 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preparing B5 glue solution after fully mixing uniformly;
step 6, adding 2-10% of betaine into the B5 glue solution, stirring for 10-20 minutes at the water temperature of 70-80 ℃, and preserving heat for 12-15 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃ after full dissolution to obtain B6 glue solution for later use;
and 7, respectively adding 0.1-0.5% of alkyl glycoside and 0.1-0.5% of octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride into the B6 glue solution, stirring at normal temperature for 20-30 minutes, and uniformly mixing to obtain the B cationic material.
4. Use of a polymeric composite for the adsorption and purification of non-methane total hydrocarbons according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that: the method is applied to purifying non-methane total hydrocarbons in the oil fume.
5. The use of a polymeric composite for the adsorption and purification of non-methane total hydrocarbons according to claim 4, wherein: the application method is that the A anion material and the B cation material are soaked on the porous carrier and are placed at the front end of the oil smoke air outlet pipeline.
6. The use of a polymeric composite for the adsorption and purification of non-methane total hydrocarbons according to claim 5, wherein: the porous carrier is one of activated carbon sponge, activated carbon cloth and glass fiber paper.
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