CN115650448A - Composite flocculant based on modified diatomite and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite flocculant based on modified diatomite and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115650448A CN115650448A CN202210151188.4A CN202210151188A CN115650448A CN 115650448 A CN115650448 A CN 115650448A CN 202210151188 A CN202210151188 A CN 202210151188A CN 115650448 A CN115650448 A CN 115650448A
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- diatomite
- modified diatomite
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical class O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000108664 Nitrobacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004427 diamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The scheme relates to a composite flocculant based on modified diatomite, which comprises 20-40 parts of modified diatomite, 10-15 parts of an inorganic flocculant and 0.1-0.5 part of a microbial community; the modified diatomite is treated by sodium hydroxide, treated by polyethylene glycol and then coated by aluminum, and finally coated by polyethylene diamine. The surface of the diatomite is modified, so that the aperture and the pore volume of the diatomite can be effectively increased; metal ions in the water body can be effectively removed; impurities such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body can be effectively adsorbed; the service life is prolonged, the adsorption sites are increased, and the water-based organic compound adsorbent has certain adsorbability to organic matters in water; the adsorption effect of the modified diatomite is used for gathering impurity pollutants in the water body, and the inorganic flocculant and the microbial flora assist in flocculating, precipitating and degrading the pollution in the water body, so that metal ions and organic matters in the wastewater are effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water treatment, in particular to a composite flocculant based on modified diatomite and application thereof.
Background
Water is one of the most important natural resources on which humans rely for survival, and is also an indispensable resource for all ecosystems. Although China has wide breadth and numerous rivers and seas, the water resource occupied by people in China is very low. Particularly, with the rapid development of economy, a large amount of domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, agricultural wastewater and the like seriously pollute the water environment and further influence the life safety of animals, plants and human beings. In the face of increasingly stringent environmental standards and requirements, and in order to reduce the energy and resource requirements required in the sewage treatment process and reduce the potential risk of secondary pollution, a novel efficient water treatment process and a water treatment agent must be developed.
The common sewage treatment methods include: ion exchange, precipitation, suspension, adsorption, flocculation, biological methods, etc. The flocculation method is a simple and efficient wastewater treatment method, and is generally used in industry in combination with biological methods and adsorption methods, because various solutes, suspended particles or colloids in an aqueous solution can be destabilized and aggregated by a flocculant to form floccules, so that the floccules are accelerated to settle.
Most commercial organic synthetic flocculants are based on petroleum and are made by chemical processing and are non-renewable resources. At present, people turn to search natural resources in nature to replace organic synthetic flocculants.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the composite flocculant which is prepared by combining the inorganic flocculant and the biological flora based on natural resources, namely the diatomite, and has better flocculation effect compared with the traditional flocculant.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a composite flocculant based on modified diatomite comprises 20-40 parts of modified diatomite, 10-15 parts of inorganic flocculant and 0.1-0.5 part of microbial flora; the preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing a certain amount of diatomite in an erlenmeyer flask, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, and oscillating for 2-3 hours at a constant temperature of 40 ℃; after finishing, filtering, washing with water to be neutral, drying, and calcining at 350-400 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain powder;
2) After the powder is cooled, putting the powder into a water solution of polyethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation to uniformly disperse the powder, heating the powder to 60 ℃, adding sodium metaaluminate into the powder, wherein the using amount of the sodium metaaluminate is 1.5-2.5 percent of the mass of the powder, and stirring the powder for 1 hour at constant temperature to obtain slurry;
3) Adding polyethylene diamine into the slurry, heating to 80-90 ℃, and stirring for 1-2 h; and cooling to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation, drying the solid, and grinding to obtain the modified diatomite.
Preferably, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10M, and the volume mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the diatomite is 4 ml.
Preferably, the mass of the polyethylene glycol in the step 2) is 1-1.5% of the mass of the powder.
Preferably, the dosage of the polyethylene diamine is 70-100% of the mass of the powder.
Preferably, the inorganic flocculant is one or more of polyaluminium sulfate, polyaluminium silicate, ferric chloride and polyaluminium chloride.
Preferably, the microbial flora is at least two of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis and nitrobacteria.
Preferably, the composite flocculant further comprises 1-3 parts of a coagulant aid, and the coagulant aid is polyacrylamide or chitosan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the diatomite has a porous structure and a larger specific surface area, and the method firstly adopts sodium hydroxide to treat the diatomite, so that the pore diameter of the diatomite can be effectively increased; after calcination, further removing impurities and increasing the pore volume; the steric hindrance is increased by adding the polyethylene glycol, so that the contact area is increased when the polyethylene glycol is mixed with sodium metaaluminate, and metal ions in a water body can be effectively removed; the modified diatomite is coated by aluminum, and the aluminum is positively charged, so that the surface of the modified diatomite is electrically changed, and impurities such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like in a water body can be effectively adsorbed; finally, the addition of the polyethylene diamine forms a protective layer on the surface of the diatomite, so that the service life is prolonged, adsorption sites are increased, and the diatomite surface water treatment agent has certain adsorbability on organic matters in water.
The adsorption effect of the modified diatomite is used for gathering impurity pollutants in the water body, and the flocculation, precipitation and degradation of the pollutants in the water body are assisted by the inorganic flocculant and the microbial flora, so that metal ions and organic matters in the wastewater are effectively reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1:
a composite flocculant based on modified diatomite comprises 20 parts of modified diatomite, 10 parts of inorganic flocculant (polyaluminium sulfate and polyaluminium silicate 1:1) and 0.1 part of microbial community; the preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing a certain amount of diatomite in a conical flask, adding 10M sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass volume ratio of 1g to 4ml, and oscillating at constant temperature of 40 ℃ for 2-3 h; after finishing, filtering, washing with water to be neutral, drying, and calcining at 350-400 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain powder;
2) After the powder is cooled, putting the powder into a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution containing 1% of the powder by mass, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation to uniformly disperse the powder, heating the powder to 60 ℃, adding sodium metaaluminate into the powder, wherein the using amount of the sodium metaaluminate is 1.8% of the powder by mass, and stirring the powder for 1 hour at constant temperature to obtain slurry;
3) Adding 70% of polyethylene diamine based on the mass of the powder into the slurry, heating to 80-90 ℃, and stirring for 1-2 h; and cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, drying the solid, and grinding to obtain the modified diatomite.
Example 2:
a modified diatomite-based composite flocculant comprising 30 parts of modified diatomite, 12 parts of an inorganic flocculant (polymeric ferric silicate, ferric chloride and polyaluminium chloride 1; the preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing a certain amount of diatomite in a conical flask, adding 10M sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass volume ratio of 1g to 4ml, and oscillating at constant temperature of 40 ℃ for 2-3 h; after finishing, filtering, washing with water to be neutral, drying, and calcining at 350-400 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain powder;
2) After the powder is cooled, putting the powder into a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution containing 1.2% of the powder by mass, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation to uniformly disperse the powder, heating the powder to 60 ℃, adding sodium metaaluminate into the powder, wherein the using amount of the sodium metaaluminate is 1.8% of the powder by mass, and stirring the powder for 1 hour at constant temperature to obtain slurry;
3) Adding polyethylene diamine accounting for 80% of the mass of the powder into the slurry, heating to 80-90 ℃, and stirring for 1-2 hours; and cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, drying the solid, and grinding to obtain the modified diatomite.
Example 3:
a modified diatomaceous earth-based composite flocculant comprising 40 parts of modified diatomaceous earth, 15 parts of an inorganic flocculant (polyaluminum silicate, and polyaluminum chloride 2; the preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing a certain amount of diatomite in a conical flask, adding 10M sodium hydroxide solution according to the mass volume ratio of 1g to 4ml, and oscillating at constant temperature of 40 ℃ for 2-3 h; after finishing, filtering, washing with water to be neutral, drying, and calcining at 350-400 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain powder;
2) After the powder is cooled, putting the powder into a polyethylene glycol aqueous solution containing 1.5% of the powder by mass, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation to uniformly disperse the powder, heating the powder to 60 ℃, adding sodium metaaluminate into the powder, wherein the using amount of the sodium metaaluminate is 2.5% of the powder by mass, and stirring the powder for 1 hour at constant temperature to obtain slurry;
3) Adding 100% of polyethylene diamine based on the mass of the powder into the slurry, heating to 80-90 ℃, and stirring for 1-2 h; and cooling to room temperature, carrying out solid-liquid separation, drying the solid, and grinding to obtain the modified diatomite.
Comparative example 1:
the difference from example 3 is the preparation of modified diatomaceous earth, which is obtained by directly performing solid-liquid separation on the slurry after step 2), drying the solid and grinding the solid.
Comparative example 2:
the same as example 3, except that the modified diatomaceous earth was replaced with an equal amount of unmodified diatomaceous earth.
Comparative example 3:
the modified diatomaceous earth was removed, and the remaining components were the same as in example 3.
Product effectiveness testing
The simulated wastewater was treated with the composite flocculants prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3.
The composition of the simulated wastewater is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Composition (A) | Fe 2+ | Zn 2+ | Cd 2+ | Ammonia nitrogen | Total phosphorus | COD |
Concentration mg/L | 90 | 80 | 60 | 70 | 100 | 300 |
50mg of composite flocculant is added into 1L of simulated wastewater, the mixture is stirred and mixed evenly, the mixture is kept still for one day, and the removal rate of ions and COD in the wastewater is detected, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Fe 2+ /% | Zn 2+ /% | Cd 2+ /% | Ammonia nitrogen/%) | Total phosphorus/% | COD/% | |
Example 1 | 88.5 | 90.1 | 87.2 | 94.1 | 94.5 | 92.5 |
Example 2 | 89.1 | 90.5 | 88.1 | 95.8 | 95.1 | 93.8 |
Example 3 | 89.9 | 91.6 | 88.8 | 97.2 | 96.6 | 95.1 |
Comparative example 1 | 72.6 | 70.3 | 65.3 | 82.5 | 82.2 | 80.1 |
Comparative example 2 | 69.5 | 66.5 | 60.2 | 81.5 | 82.0 | 82.1 |
Comparative example 3 | 65.1 | 60.3 | 58.7 | 75.3 | 70.1 | 76.4 |
From the above table, the composite flocculant based on modified diatomite has good removal effect on heavy metal ions, ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic matters.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The composite flocculant based on the modified diatomite is characterized by comprising 20-40 parts of the modified diatomite, 10-15 parts of an inorganic flocculant and 0.1-0.5 part of a microbial community; the preparation process of the modified diatomite comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing a certain amount of diatomite in an erlenmeyer flask, adding a sodium hydroxide solution, and oscillating for 2-3 hours at a constant temperature of 40 ℃; after finishing, filtering, washing with water to be neutral, drying, and calcining at 350-400 ℃ for 2-3 h to obtain powder;
2) After the powder is cooled, putting the powder into a water solution of polyethylene glycol, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation to uniformly disperse the powder, heating the powder to 60 ℃, adding sodium metaaluminate into the powder, wherein the using amount of the sodium metaaluminate is 1.5-2.5 percent of the mass of the powder, and stirring the powder for 1 hour at constant temperature to obtain slurry;
3) Adding polyethylene diamine into the slurry, heating to 80-90 ℃, and stirring for 1-2 h; and cooling to room temperature, performing solid-liquid separation, drying the solid, and grinding to obtain the modified diatomite.
2. The modified diatomite-based composite flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10M, and the volume mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide solution to the diatomite is 4 ml.
3. The modified diatomite-based composite flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the polyethylene glycol in the step 2) is 1-1.5% of the mass of the powder.
4. The modified diatomite-based composite flocculant according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the polyethylene diamine is 70-100% of the mass of the powder.
5. The modified diatomite-based composite flocculant of claim 1, wherein the inorganic flocculant is one or more of polyaluminum sulfate, polyaluminum silicate, polyaluminum ferric silicate, ferric chloride and polyaluminum chloride.
6. The modified diatomite-based composite flocculant of claim 1, wherein the microbial flora is at least two of yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bacillus subtilis and nitrifying bacteria.
7. The modified diatomite-based composite flocculant of claim 1, wherein the composite flocculant further comprises 1-3 parts of a coagulant aid, and the coagulant aid is polyacrylamide or chitosan.
8. Use of the modified diatomite-based composite flocculant according to any one of claims 1-7 for simultaneously removing heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in wastewater.
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CN116789331A (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-09-22 | 青岛中润设备仪表有限公司 | Sea water desalination process |
CN116789331B (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-11-10 | 青岛中润设备仪表有限公司 | Sea water desalination process |
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