CN110925277A - Separation device and mechanical separation system based on rocker arm connecting rod - Google Patents
Separation device and mechanical separation system based on rocker arm connecting rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN110925277A CN110925277A CN201911107239.8A CN201911107239A CN110925277A CN 110925277 A CN110925277 A CN 110925277A CN 201911107239 A CN201911107239 A CN 201911107239A CN 110925277 A CN110925277 A CN 110925277A
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B1/00—Devices for securing together, or preventing relative movement between, constructional elements or machine parts
- F16B1/02—Means for securing elements of mechanisms after operation
- F16B1/04—Means for securing elements of mechanisms after operation disengaged by movement of the actuating member of the element
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rocker arm connecting rod-based separation device and a mechanical separation system, belongs to the technical field of aerospace, and solves the problems that an existing separation mechanism is high in cost and poor in safety when initiating explosive devices are used for separation, and cannot be recycled. The separation device comprises: the locking device comprises a fixed seat, a lock handle, a mounting plate, an elastic piece, a rocker arm, a connecting rod and an elastic block; the fixing seat is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the second separation body; the lock handle is hinged with the fixed seat, the rocker arm is hinged with the fixed seat, the elastic block is hinged with the rocker arm, and the connecting rod is hinged with the rocker arm; the elastic piece is connected with the lock handle and the fixed seat, and the elastic piece and the lock handle form a limiting structure and enable the elastic piece to be in a stretching state; the hinged shaft of the lock handle and the fixed seat and the hinged shaft of the elastic block and the rocker arm are parallel to the first direction; the hinged shaft of the rocker arm and the fixed seat and the hinged shaft of the connecting rod and the rocker arm are both parallel to the second direction. The invention does not need initiating explosive device, can realize bidirectional unlocking separation, and is safe and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerospace, in particular to a rocker arm connecting rod-based separation device and a mechanical separation system.
Background
The function of the separation device is to reliably connect two parts to be separated before the separation action is executed, unlocking can be quickly realized when a separation command is received, and the separation power can be provided when the separation device is unlocked.
The separation points are divided into point separation and linear separation according to whether the separation points are continuous or not.
The separation points of the point separation are distributed on the separation surfaces of the two bodies in a multi-point mode, mainly explosive bolts and the like exist, generally, the single-point bearing capacity is low, a plurality of point separation devices need to be installed to improve the connection rigidity, and the reliability is reduced due to the excessive separation devices.
The separation points of the linear separation are linearly and continuously distributed on the separation surfaces of the two bodies, and mainly comprise a cutting rope separation device, an expansion pipe-groove plate separation device, an air bag separation device, a mechanical separation device and the like. The connecting device has the advantages of strong bearing capacity, high reliability, continuous connection rigidity and the like. But has the defects of large separation impact, inconvenient disassembly and the like.
Existing linear separation devices, such as: the cutting rope separating device, the expansion pipe-groove plate separating device and the air bag separating device contain initiating explosive devices, are disposable, and have high cost and high requirements on installation operators in initiating explosive operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the present invention provides a separating device, which is used to solve the problems of high cost, poor safety and incapability of recycling when the existing separating mechanism uses initiating explosive devices to complete separation.
The purpose of the invention is mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
the technical scheme of the invention provides a separating device based on a rocker arm connecting rod, which comprises: the locking device comprises a fixed seat, a lock handle, a mounting plate, an elastic piece, a rocker arm, a connecting rod and an elastic block; the fixing seat is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the mounting plate is fixedly connected with the second separation body;
the lock handle is hinged with the fixed seat, the rocker arm is hinged with the fixed seat, the elastic block is hinged with the rocker arm, and the connecting rod is hinged with the rocker arm; the elastic piece is connected with the lock handle and the fixed seat, and the elastic piece and the lock handle form a limiting structure and enable the elastic piece to be in a stretching state;
the hinged shaft of the lock handle and the fixed seat and the hinged shaft of the elastic block and the rocker arm are parallel to the first direction; the hinged shaft of the rocker arm and the fixed seat and the hinged shaft of the connecting rod and the rocker arm are parallel to the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the mounting plate is provided with the lock rod, and the lock handle can hook the lock rod.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the elastic block is hinged with the rocker arm through a first pin shaft; a bidirectional limiting structure is arranged between the elastic block and the rocker arm;
the rocker arm is provided with a reset structure, and the reset structure applies acting force to the elastic block to enable the bidirectional limiting structure to be in a limit limiting state.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the elastic block is provided with a limiting through groove, and the lock handle is provided with a limiting part;
spacing portion includes plane portion and cambered surface portion, and plane portion forms limit structure with the lateral wall that spacing logical groove, and during cambered surface portion can make spacing portion slip spacing logical groove, and cambered surface portion and bullet piece took place the relative slip, the action moment direction that cambered surface portion applyed to the bullet piece was opposite with reset structure to the action moment that the bullet piece was applyed.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the rocker arm is hinged with the fixed seat through a second pin shaft; the limiting through groove is a fan-shaped groove, and the axis of the fan-shaped groove is overlapped with the axis of the second pin shaft.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the reset structure is a bent elastic sheet, one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the rocker arm, and the other end or the bent part of the elastic sheet is abutted against the elastic block.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the axis of the connecting rod is parallel to the first direction; the elastic piece is a spring, one end of the spring is connected with the fixed seat, and the other end of the spring is connected with the lock handle.
The technical scheme of the invention also provides a mechanical separation system, which comprises a mechanical separation unit and an unlocking device;
the mechanical separation unit is the separation device of the technical scheme of the invention; the mechanical separation units are provided with a plurality of connecting rods, and the connecting rods of all the mechanical separation units can be sequentially and coaxially connected, or the connecting rods of the mechanical separation units are of a coaxial integrated structure;
the unlocking device is of a telescopic structure, and the telescopic end of the unlocking device is connected with the connecting rod of the mechanical separation unit and can drive the connecting rod to move horizontally.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the unlocking device comprises: the telescopic rod, the spring, the first magnet, the second magnet, the mounting seat and the connecting piece are arranged on the mounting seat;
the mounting seat is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the second magnet is connected with the mounting seat; the fixed end of the telescopic rod is provided with a connecting part which is fixedly connected with the first magnet, and the free end of the telescopic rod passes through the mounting seat and the second magnet and is connected with the connecting rod through a connecting piece; one end of the spring is connected with the connecting part, the other end of the spring is connected with the mounting seat, and the spring is in a compressed state;
at least one of the first magnet and the second magnet is an electromagnet.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the connecting piece comprises a chute and a sliding block;
the sliding groove is fixedly connected with the free end of the telescopic rod, and the sliding block is fixedly connected with the connecting rod;
the slider can slide in the chute in a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.
The technical scheme of the invention can at least realize one of the following effects:
1. the invention abandons the use of initiating explosive devices with poor safety as necessary components for realizing the separation of the separating mechanism, the unlocking device adopts an electromagnet form, the whole device adopts a mechanical structure to realize the locking and the separation of the separating mechanism, the safety and the reliability are realized, and the operation risk of workers is greatly reduced.
2. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the connecting rod and the rocker arm, the whole mechanical structure can be unlocked in two directions, and the whole structure can be unlocked no matter which direction the connecting rod is pulled.
3. The invention adopts the form of a mechanical connecting rod, the mechanism has simple structure, and the locking rod can play a role of alignment after penetrating through the first separating body and the second separating body besides the function of locking and separating.
4. The invention connects a plurality of separating devices in series and controls the separating devices through the same connecting rod, realizes the starting control of a single starting source on all the separating devices, and has simple structure, real-time synchronization and high corresponding speed.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be combined with each other to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, wherein like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout.
FIG. 1-1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art configuration of the present invention;
FIGS. 1-2 are schematic diagrams of a prior art separation state of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an unlocking process in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a separated state in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the separated state in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the locking state in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing a state of motion of a connecting rod swing arm according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the unlocking device in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
11-explosive cord; 22-flat tubes; 33-an explosive product; 44-a separation plate; 55-isolate; 66-screws; 101-a rocker arm; 102-a connecting rod; 103-a lock handle; 104-locking bar; 105-an elastic member; 106-a fixed seat; 107-a bullet block; 108-a reset configuration; 109-a mounting plate; 110-a first magnet; 111-a second magnet; 112-a telescopic rod; 113-a connector; 114-mounting seat.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and which together with the embodiments of the invention serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit its scope.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the term "connected" should be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, which may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, which may be a direct connection, or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The terms "top," "bottom," "above … …," "below," and "on … …" as used throughout the description are relative positions with respect to components of the device, such as the relative positions of the top and bottom substrates inside the device. It will be appreciated that the devices are multifunctional, regardless of their orientation in space.
Existing separation mechanisms typically employ an expansion tube-groove plate separation device.
As shown in fig. 1-1 and 1-2, the expansion pipe-groove plate separation device is composed of an explosive cord 11, flat pipes 22, filler, a separation plate 44 and a separation body 55.
When the two separating bodies 55 need to be separated, the detonator detonators detonate the explosive cable 11, the explosive cable 11 generates detonation energy and corresponding explosive products 33, the flat tubes 22 expand and expand under the action of the detonation energy and the explosive products 33 and deform into round tubes, namely, the transverse dimension is increased, and shearing force is applied to the separating plates 44 with the prefabricated weakening groove gaps, so that the separating plates 44 are broken and separated at the weakening grooves, and the two separating bodies 55 are separated. This device presents several distinct disadvantages: firstly, because the device needs the separating plate 44 to break at the weakening groove, the whole device can only be used as a disposable device, which wastes materials and has higher cost; secondly, although the explosion products 33 and fragments generated by explosion are sealed in the flat tube, the flat tube 22 is easily damaged by high-pressure gas generated by explosion, so that the separation body 55 is accidentally injured or the environment is polluted; thirdly, because the initiating explosive device is needed to be used as a key structure for realizing separation, harsh safety conditions exist in the filling, storage and transportation of the initiating explosive device, and the use risk of the device is increased; fourthly, because the flat tube 22 is arranged between the two separating bodies 55, the separating plate 44 is easily broken by the change of the relative position of the separating bodies 55 to cause false triggering to the separating device, so a fixing device must be arranged, the two separating bodies 55 need to be fixedly connected in a suspended mode without knowing direct contact connection, the difficulty is high, the separating plate 44 and the separating bodies 55 need to be fixedly connected through the screws 66, and the structure is complex.
The embodiment of the invention overcomes the defects of the existing separation device, abandons the use of initiating explosive devices, adopts a mechanical structure to realize the locking function and the separation function, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, can be repeatedly used, has small separation impact, low cost and good safety without initiating explosive devices.
Example 1
Specifically, an embodiment of the present invention provides a separation device, where the separation device includes: a lock rod 104, an elastic piece 105, a fixed seat 106, a lock handle 103 and a rocker arm 101; the locking bar 104 passes through the first and second separation bodies; an elastic piece 105 in a compression state is arranged between the lock rod 104 and the first separation body, or an elastic piece 105 in a stretching state is arranged between the lock rod 104 and the second separation body; the fixing seat 106 is fixed with the second separation body; the rocker arm 101 is hinged with a fixed seat 106; the middle part of the lock handle 103 is hinged with the fixed seat 106, a first limit structure is formed by the first end of the lock handle 103 and the lock rod 104, and a second limit structure is formed by the second end of the lock handle 103 and one end of the rocker arm 101; the first limit structure can prevent the lock rod 104 from separating from the lock handle 103; the second limit structure can prevent the lock lever 103 from swinging.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first separation body and the second separation body are directly contacted and connected, the locking rod 104 penetrates through the two separation bodies, when the locking rod 104 is pulled out, the two separation bodies can be separated, and the locking rod 104 penetrates through the first separation body and the second separation body, so that the first separation body and the second separation body can be connected and fixed, and in addition, the alignment function is also realized. The torque applied to the latch lever 103 by the rocker arm 101 through the second limit formation is in the opposite direction to the torque applied to the latch lever 103 by the latch lever 104 through the second limit formation. When the embodiment of the invention is in a locking state, the rocker arm 101 is kept still, the relative position of the lock handle 103 can be kept unchanged through the first limit structure and the second limit structure, and the lock rod 104 can also be kept still through the thrust of the elastic piece 105 and the acting force of the first limit structure because the elastic piece 105 is in a compression state, so that the locking of the whole device is realized. When the unlocking is performed in the embodiment of the present invention, the rocker arm 101 swings under the control of the external force, the second limit structure is separated, so that the lock handle 103 rotates under the action of the first limit structure until the first limit structure is separated, and the lock rod 104 is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body under the action of the elastic member 105, thereby completing the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body. The whole process is safe and reliable, the corresponding speed is high, initiating explosive devices are not needed, no waste is generated, and the method is safe and environment-friendly.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the rocker arm 101 is required to be connected with the starting device as a key for starting the separation of the present invention. Specifically, the rocker arm 101 is a rigid rod, and the middle part of the rocker arm 101 is hinged with the fixed seat 106; a first end of the rocker arm 101 and a second end of the lock handle 103 form a second limiting structure, and the second end of the rocker arm 101 is hinged with the connecting rod 102; the connecting rod 102 is hinged with the starting device; the starting device can pull the rocker arm 101 through the connecting rod 102, so that the rocker arm 101 rotates, the second limiting structure is separated, the lock handle 103 rotates until the first limiting structure is separated, the lock rod 104 is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body, and the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body is completed.
Considering that the rocker arm 101 may slightly swing in the case where the embodiment of the present invention vibrates as a whole, it is necessary to prevent false triggering of the swing-to caused by this. In the embodiment of the invention, the second limiting structure comprises a sliding part and a limiting part which mutually apply pressure; the sliding part is arranged at the first end of the rocker arm 101 and comprises a sliding surface which is a curved surface, and the sliding radius of the sliding surface is limited by the maximum distance from all points on the sliding surface to the hinged part of the rocker arm 101 and the fixed seat 106; the limiting part is arranged at the second end of the lock handle 103 and comprises a limiting surface, the limiting surface is an arc surface, and the radius of the limiting surface is equal to the sliding radius of the sliding surface; the limiting part is pressed on the sliding part. The limiting part and the sliding part are pressed together, and the second limiting structure can apply enough locking force to the lock handle 103. Set up spacing face into the radius of arc surface and spacing face and the slip radius of glide plane equal for when rocking arm 101 rotates certain small angle, the relative initial position in position of spacing portion still remains unchanged even relative spacing portion slides, even rocking arm 101 takes place slight swing promptly, also can not make the separation of second limit structure, has prevented that whole device from triggering by mistake because of the vibration. The sliding surface and the limiting surface can adopt point contact, line contact and surface contact, but considering that the point contact and the line contact can cause pitting corrosion or excessive wear, the embodiment of the invention adopts a surface contact mode, namely the sliding surface of the sliding part and the limiting surface of the limiting part are arc surfaces with equal radius. Furthermore, the limiting part and the sliding part are both arc plates so as to save the material consumption of the whole device.
The relative slip takes place for sliding part and spacing portion along with the rotation of rocking arm 101, when the turned angle of rocking arm 101 reached the preset critical value, sliding part slipped from the spacing face of circular arc of spacing portion, realize breaking away from of sliding part and spacing portion, the breaking away from of the spacing portion of second promptly, thereby make lock handle 103 rotate under first limit structure's effect, until first limit structure separation, locking lever 104 is taken out from between first separation body and the second separation body under the effect of elastic component 105, accomplish the separation of first separation body and second separation body. Can prevent that rocking arm 101 from shaking because of whole device and the spurious triggering, can rotate to critical angle at rocking arm 101 again after, trigger immediately, realize the separation of true first separation body and second separation body, not only safe and reliable possesses very fast response speed moreover.
In the embodiment of the invention, the starting mechanism comprises a starting device and a telescopic part; the starting device can drive the free end of the telescopic part to stretch; the free end of the telescopic part is hinged to a connecting rod 102. The free end of the telescopic part is opened and controlled to stretch through the starting structure, so that the connecting rod 102 is driven to move, the rocker arm 101 is driven to rotate, the first limiting structure is separated, the locking rod 104 is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body under the action of the elastic piece 105, and the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body is completed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the starting device adopts a piston structure driven by a motor or hydraulic pressure, and the telescopic part is fixedly connected with the piston structure; the starting device is operated by remote control or electric control. So that the starting device has a faster response speed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the first limit structure can be realized by adopting the same structure as the second limit structure, but considering that the second limit structure has the function of preventing false triggering, if the same function is arranged on the first limit structure, the structural and functional redundancy exists, and the complexity and the production cost of the whole structure are increased. Therefore, the first limiting structure in the embodiment of the present invention is designed to have a simplified structure as the end point of the first priority.
First limit structure has set up three kinds of forms:
form one
The first limiting structure comprises a limiting block and a stopping portion, the limiting block is arranged on one side of the locking rod 104 located in the second separation body, and the stopping portion is arranged at the first end of the locking handle 103. The stopper is for being equipped with the block structure of recess, and backstop portion is cubic or platelike, and backstop portion can block on the recess of stopper, and when lock handle 103 rotated, backstop portion was deviate from the recess of stopper, realizes the separation of first limit structure. The size of the stopper is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the locking rod 104 to facilitate the locking rod 104 to be disengaged from the first separation body and the second separation body.
Form two
The first limiting structure comprises a limiting block and a stopping portion, the limiting block is arranged on one side of the locking rod 104 located in the second separation body, and the stopping portion is arranged at the first end of the locking handle 103. The stopper adopts cubic or platelike structure, is equipped with the recess on the backstop portion, and the stopper can block on the recess of backstop portion, rotates as lock handle 103, and the stopper is deviate from the recess of backstop portion, realizes first limit structure's separation. The size of the stopper is smaller than or equal to the diameter of the locking rod 104 to facilitate the locking rod 104 to be disengaged from the first separation body and the second separation body.
Form III
The first limiting structure comprises a limiting block and a stopping portion, the limiting block is arranged on one side of the locking rod 104 located in the second separation body, and the stopping portion is arranged at the first end of the locking handle 103. Be equipped with the pinhole on the stopper, be equipped with the pin on the backstop portion, the pin is connected with lock handle 103 through both ends articulated connecting rod, and the pin can insert the pinhole, rotate as lock handle 103, extract the pin from the pinhole through the connecting rod, realize the separation of first limit structure, both ends can guarantee that the pin can be followed the axis direction and extracted from the pinhole with pin and lock handle 103 articulated connecting rod 102 respectively, can not make the pin cause the damage because of the shearing force, it is required to explain, if the degree of depth that the pin inserted the pinhole is not big, can omit the connecting rod, can be with neglecting the shearing force of the pinhole that the change of pin angle leads to the pin.
In order to allow the lock rod 104 to be smoothly pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first separation body and the second separation body are provided with through holes having the same position and size, the limiting block can pass through the through holes, and the original length of the elastic member 105 should be greater than or equal to the length of the lock rod 104.
In order to simplify the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention, in the embodiment of the present invention, the elastic member 105 is a spring sleeved on the lock rod 104, one end of the spring is fixedly connected with the end of the lock rod 104 through a baffle, and the other end of the spring is in contact with the first separation body, so as to complete the compression of the spring.
Considering that the embodiment of the invention is used in the technical field of aerospace, if the separated parts of the separating device are easy to damage other equipment such as a spacecraft, the parts falling from high altitude can also threaten personnel and articles on the bottom surface. In the embodiment of the invention, the baffle is fixed with the end part of the lock rod 104, one end of the spring is fixed with the baffle, and the other end of the spring is fixed with the first separation body. After the whole device is separated, the lock rod 104 and the spring are connected with the first separation body, other parts are connected with the second separation body along with the fixed seat 106, no flying parts exist, and the safety of the embodiment of the invention is improved.
For convenience of explanation, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, clockwise, counterclockwise, up, down, left and right are all referred to fig. 2 to 4, but the actual orientation and direction of the embodiment of the present invention are not necessarily the same as those of fig. 2.
When the separation is performed in the embodiment of the invention, the starting device pulls the connecting rod 102 leftwards, the connecting rod 102 drives the rocker arm 101 to rotate clockwise, the limiting part and the sliding part slide relatively until the sliding part slips from the right side of the limiting part, the second limiting structure is separated, the lock handle 103 rotates clockwise under the action of the first limiting structure until the first limiting structure is separated, the lock rod 104 moves upwards under the action of the spring and is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body, and the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body is realized.
In the embodiment of the invention, when separation is performed, the starting device can also pull the connecting rod 102 rightwards, the connecting rod 102 drives the rocker arm 101 to rotate anticlockwise, the limiting part and the sliding part slide relatively until the sliding part slips from the left side of the limiting part, the second limiting structure is separated, the lock handle 103 rotates clockwise under the action of the first limiting structure until the first limiting structure is separated, the lock rod 104 moves upwards under the action of the spring and is pulled out from between the first separation body and the second separation body, and the separation of the first separation body and the second separation body is realized.
Example 2
The first and second bodies typically have flange-like connections, allowing the locking bar 104 to pass over the first and second bodies from outside the connection. According to the structure of the embodiment 1, the embodiment of the present invention is further improved to be more suitable for arranging the first separation body and the second separation body with flange structures at the connection positions, and it should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the shape and the structure of part of the components of the embodiment 1 are improved, so that the improved components have other functions and advantages besides the functions and advantages in the embodiment 1, and specifically, the following steps are performed:
as shown in fig. 5 to 7, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rocker link-based release apparatus, including: the fixing seat 106, the lock handle 103, the mounting plate 109, the elastic piece 105, the rocker arm 101, the connecting rod 102 and the elastic block 107; the fixing seat 106 is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the mounting plate 109 is fixedly connected with the second separation body; the lock handle 103 is hinged with a fixed seat 106, the rocker arm 101 is hinged with the fixed seat 106, the elastic block 107 is hinged with the rocker arm 101, and the connecting rod 102 is hinged with the rocker arm 101; the elastic piece 105 is connected with the lock handle 103 and the fixed seat 106, the elastic block 107 and the lock handle 103 form a limiting structure, and the elastic piece 105 is in a stretching state; the hinge shaft of the lock handle 103 and the fixed seat 106 and the hinge shaft of the elastic block 107 and the rocker arm 101 are both parallel to the first direction; the hinge shaft of the rocker arm 101 and the fixed seat 106 and the hinge shaft of the connecting rod 102 and the rocker arm 101 are parallel to the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. In order to facilitate the transmission direction control of the whole device, the relative rotation which can occur to all the components is limited to be orthogonal by the first direction and the second direction in the embodiment of the invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the structure of the lock handle 103 and the lock rod 104 is improved, the installation plate 109 is provided with the lock rod 104, and the lock handle 103 is provided with a hook part which can hook the lock rod 104. The lock lever 104 is disposed to cross the lock shafts of the first and second separation bodies through the mounting plate 109, the lock shafts being parallel to the connection surfaces of the first and second separation bodies, and the axis of the lock lever 104 is parallel to the first direction in consideration that the lock lever 103 can be hooked to the lock lever 104.
In order to improve the locking effect, in the embodiment of the invention, the elastic block 107 is arranged between the lock handle 103 and the rocker arm 101, so that the indirect limit is realized. The elastic block 107 is hinged with the rocker arm 101 through a first pin shaft; a bidirectional limiting structure is arranged between the spring block 107 and the rocker arm 101, and the rotation of the spring block 107 is limited within a certain angle range. The rocker arm 101 is provided with a reset structure 108, the reset structure 108 applies acting force to the elastic block 107, so that the bidirectional limiting structure is in a limit limiting state, namely the reset structure 108 can press the elastic block 107 on the rocker arm 101.
The spring block 107 is provided with a limiting through groove, and the lock handle 103 is provided with a limiting part; spacing portion includes plane portion and cambered surface portion, and plane portion forms limit structure with the lateral wall that spacing led to the groove, and the cambered surface portion can make spacing portion slide in spacing leading to the groove, and when cambered surface portion and bullet piece 107 took place the relative slip, the action moment direction that cambered surface portion applyed bullet piece 107 and reset structure 108 were to the opposite direction of the action moment that bullet piece 107 was applyed. When the elastic block 107 is pressed on the rocker arm 101 by the reset structure 108, the limiting through groove can limit and lock the limiting part of the lock handle 103, so that the lock handle 103 can keep a state of hooking the lock rod 104, and the first separation body and the second separation body are fixed.
In order to release the lock handle 103 from the elastic block 107, in the embodiment of the present invention, the swing arm 101 is hinged to the fixed seat 106 through a second pin; the limiting through groove is a fan-shaped groove, and the axis of the fan-shaped groove is overlapped with the axis of the second pin shaft. When the rocker arm 101 swings, the elastic block 107 swings along with the rocker arm 101, and the limiting through groove and the limiting part slide relatively until the limiting part slips from the openings at the two ends of the limiting through groove, so that the lock handle 103 rotates under the action of the elastic piece 105 and releases the lock rod 104.
In consideration of the application of the embodiment of the invention to the field of aerospace, the weight of the whole structure needs to be reduced as much as possible, in the embodiment of the invention, the reset structure 108 is a bent elastic sheet, one end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected with the rocker arm 101, and the other end or the bent part of the elastic sheet abuts against the elastic block 107.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the axis of the link 102 is parallel to the first direction, and the link 102 keeps translating when moving, that is, the axis of the link 102 is always parallel to the first direction. The elastic member 105 is a spring, one end of the spring is connected with the fixing seat 106, and the other end is connected with the lock handle 103.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the working process of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
when in locking:
the lock handle 103 is in an open state under the action of the elastic piece 105, and when the first separation body is close to the second separation body, the lock rod 104 firstly enters the hook-shaped part of the lock handle 103; along with further approaching, locking lever 104 promotes the lock handle 103 and rotates, and the hook portion detains locking lever 104 gradually, at this moment, rotatory lock handle 103 passes through the cambered surface portion of spacing portion and the slip of bullet piece 107, promote bullet piece 107 and overcome the effect of reset structure 108 and rotate, it is spacing logical inslot to block into to spacing portion card, bullet piece 107 descends lock handle 103 lock at the effect of reset structure 108 and dies, hook portion detains locking lever 104 completely, and lock handle 103 realizes the reverse lock of lock handle 103 under the effect of elastic component 105 and dies, and then make whole device lock completely, first separation body and second separation body are compressed tightly and fixed connection together.
During separation:
the connecting rod 102 translates under the action of external force to drive the rocker arm 101 to rotate, and at the moment, the limiting part slides in the limiting through groove; when the rocker arm 101 rotates to a certain angle, the limiting part slips from the limiting through groove, the lock handle 103 rotates under the action of the elastic piece 105, so that the lock rod 104 can be separated from the hook part, the whole device is completely separated, and the first separation body and the second separation body can be separated.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a mechanical separation system, which includes a mechanical separation unit and an unlocker; the mechanical separation unit is the separation device of example 2; the mechanical separation units are provided with a plurality of connecting rods 102, and the connecting rods 102 of all the mechanical separation units can be sequentially and coaxially connected, or the connecting rods 102 of the mechanical separation units are of a coaxial integrated structure; the unlocking device is of a telescopic structure, and the telescopic end of the unlocking device is connected with the connecting rod 102 of the mechanical separation unit and can drive the connecting rod 102 to move in a translation mode. In the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of separating devices are connected in series and controlled by the same connecting rod 102, so that the starting control of a single starting source on all the separating devices is realized, the structure is simple, the real-time synchronization is realized, and the corresponding speed is high.
Meanwhile, the embodiment of the invention also defines the structure of the unlocking device, and the unlocking device comprises: the telescopic rod 112, the spring, the first magnet 110, the second magnet 111, the mounting seat 114 and the connecting piece 113; the mounting seat 114 is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the second magnet 111 is connected with the mounting seat 114; a connecting part is arranged at the fixed end of the telescopic rod 112, the connecting part is fixedly connected with the first magnet 110, and the free end of the telescopic rod 112 passes through the mounting seat 114 and the second magnet 111 and is connected with the connecting rod 102 through a connecting part 113; one end of the spring is connected with the connecting part, the other end of the spring is connected with the mounting seat 114, and the spring is in a compressed state; at least one of the first magnet 110 and the second magnet 111 is an electromagnet. The whole unlocking structure is separated through an electromagnetic mode, so that initiating explosive devices are avoided, the whole unlocking structure adopts a mechanical structure to realize locking and separation of the separating mechanism, safety and reliability are realized, and the operation risk of workers is greatly reduced.
It is to be noted that; at least one of the first magnet 110 and the second magnet 111 is an electromagnet, and the other magnet can be either an electromagnet or a permanent magnet, and the extension or retraction of the telescopic rod 112 from the mounting seat 114 is realized through the mutual attraction or repulsion of magnetic poles; the mounting seat 114 may also be fixedly connected to the fixing seat 106, so long as the unlocking device can drive the connecting rod 102 to translate relative to the fixing seat 106.
Since the connecting rod 102 is hinged to the rocker arm 101, the moving mode of the connecting rod 102 is a translation of a circular arc path, not an axial or radial movement, so in the embodiment of the present invention, the connecting member 113 includes a sliding chute and a sliding block; the chute is fixedly connected with the free end of the telescopic rod 112, and the slide block is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 102; the slider can slide in the chute in a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction. The function of the sliding groove and the sliding block can enable the telescopic rod 112 to apply acting force to the connecting rod 102 to enable the connecting rod 102 to move, and the sliding groove and the sliding block slide relatively to each other to avoid interference of the connecting piece 113 on movement of the connecting rod 102.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention provides a rocker arm connecting rod-based separation device and a mechanical separation system, the invention abandons the use of initiating explosive devices with poor safety as necessary components for realizing separation of a separation mechanism, an unlocking device adopts an electromagnet form, the whole device adopts a mechanical structure to realize locking and separation of the separation mechanism, the device is safe and reliable, and the operation risk of workers is greatly reduced; according to the invention, through the arrangement of the connecting rod 102 and the rocker arm 101, the whole mechanical structure can be unlocked in two directions, and the whole structure can be unlocked no matter which direction the connecting rod 102 is pulled; the invention adopts the form of the mechanical connecting rod 102, the mechanism structure is simple, the locking and separating functions can be realized, and the locking rod 104 can also play a role in sympathy after penetrating through the first separating body and the second separating body; according to the invention, a plurality of separating devices are connected in series and controlled by the same connecting rod 102, so that the starting control of a single starting source on all the separating devices is realized, the structure is simple, the real-time synchronization is realized, and the corresponding speed is high.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rocker link based release mechanism, comprising: the device comprises a fixed seat (106), a mounting plate (109), an elastic piece (105), a lock handle (103) and a rocker arm (101) which are hinged with the fixed seat (106), and an elastic block (107) and a connecting rod (102) which are hinged with the rocker arm (101); the fixing seat (106) is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the mounting plate (109) is fixedly connected with the second separation body; the elastic piece (105) is connected with the lock handle (103) and the fixed seat (106), and the elastic block (107) and the lock handle (103) form a limiting structure;
the hinge shaft of the lock handle (103) and the fixed seat (106) and the hinge shaft of the spring block (107) and the rocker arm (101) are both parallel to the first direction; the hinged shafts of the rocker arm (101) and the fixed seat (106) and the hinged shafts of the connecting rod (102) and the rocker arm (101) are parallel to the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular.
2. Separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting plate (109) is provided with a locking lever (104), the locking lever (103) being able to hook the locking lever (104).
3. The separating device according to claim 2, characterized in that the spring block (107) is hinged to the rocker arm (101) by a first pin; a bidirectional limiting structure is arranged between the elastic block (107) and the rocker arm (101);
the rocker arm (101) is provided with a reset structure (108), and the reset structure (108) applies acting force to the elastic block (107) to enable the bidirectional limiting structure to be in a limit limiting state.
4. The separating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the spring block (107) is provided with a limiting through groove, and the lock handle (103) is provided with a limiting part;
spacing portion includes plane portion and cambered surface portion, plane portion forms limit structure with the lateral wall that spacing led to the groove, cambered surface portion can make spacing portion slips into spacing logical inslot, just when cambered surface portion and bullet piece (107) take place the relative slip, the action moment direction that cambered surface portion was applyed bullet piece (107) is opposite with reset structure (108) to the action moment that bullet piece (107) was applyed.
5. The separating device according to claim 4, characterized in that the rocker arm (101) is hinged to the fixed seat (106) by a second pin; the limiting through groove is a fan-shaped groove, and the axis of the fan-shaped groove is overlapped with the axis of the second pin shaft.
6. The separating device according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the restoring structure (108) is a bent elastic piece, one end of which is fixedly connected with the rocker arm (101), and the other end or the bent part of which abuts against the elastic block (107).
7. A separation device according to claim 6, wherein the axis of the link (102) is parallel to the first direction; the elastic piece (105) is a spring, one end of the spring is connected with the fixed seat (106), and the other end of the spring is connected with the lock handle (103).
8. A mechanical separation system, characterized in that the mechanical separation system comprises a mechanical separation unit and an unlocker;
the mechanical separation unit is the separation device of claims 1 to 7; the mechanical separation units are provided with a plurality of connecting rods (102) which can be sequentially and coaxially connected, or the connecting rods (102) of the mechanical separation units are of a coaxial integrated structure;
the unlocking device is of a telescopic structure, and the telescopic end of the unlocking device is connected with the connecting rod (102) of the mechanical separation unit and can drive the connecting rod (102) to move in a translation mode.
9. The mechanical separation system of claim 8, wherein the unlocker comprises: the device comprises a telescopic rod (112), a spring, a first magnet (110), a second magnet (111), a mounting seat (114) and a connecting piece (113);
the mounting seat (114) is fixedly connected with the first separation body, and the second magnet (111) is connected with the mounting seat (114); the fixed end of the telescopic rod (112) is provided with a connecting part, the connecting part is fixedly connected with the first magnet (110), and the free end of the telescopic rod (112) penetrates through the mounting seat (114) and the second magnet (111) and is connected with the connecting rod (102) through a connecting piece (113); one end of the spring is connected with the connecting part, the other end of the spring is connected with the mounting seat (114), and the spring is in a compressed state;
at least one of the first magnet (110) and the second magnet (111) is an electromagnet.
10. Mechanical separating system according to claim 9, characterized in that the connecting piece (113) comprises a runner and a slide;
the sliding groove is fixedly connected with the free end of the telescopic rod (112), and the sliding block is fixedly connected with the connecting rod (102);
the slider is slidable in the slide groove in a direction perpendicular to both the first direction and the second direction.
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| CN201911107239.8A CN110925277B (en) | 2019-11-13 | 2019-11-13 | Separation device and mechanical separation system based on rocker arm connecting rod |
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| CN201911107239.8A CN110925277B (en) | 2019-11-13 | 2019-11-13 | Separation device and mechanical separation system based on rocker arm connecting rod |
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| CN110925277A true CN110925277A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
| CN110925277B CN110925277B (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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| CN112682397A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-04-20 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Mechanical connection separator and separation method thereof |
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| CN110925277B (en) | 2021-03-09 |
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