CN110924972A - Construction method of hard rock tunnel - Google Patents
Construction method of hard rock tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110924972A CN110924972A CN201911339674.3A CN201911339674A CN110924972A CN 110924972 A CN110924972 A CN 110924972A CN 201911339674 A CN201911339674 A CN 201911339674A CN 110924972 A CN110924972 A CN 110924972A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/10—Making by using boring or cutting machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a hard rock tunnel, which comprises the following steps: designing an arrangement mode of drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill according to the shape of a face to be drilled, wherein high-voltage electrodes and low-voltage electrodes of the drill bits are distributed in a preset mode so as to break the face through the pulse discharge effect of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes, and the overall distribution area of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes is larger than or equal to the cross section area of a shell of the electric pulse rock drill; and (5) carrying out rock breaking construction on the tunnel face by adopting an electric pulse rock drill. When the tunnel face is broken, the outline of the drill bit can completely contain the shell of the electric pulse rock drill, so that the overexcavation and underexcavation can be avoided, and the stability of a tunnel supporting structure system is ensured. Meanwhile, the electric pulse rock drill breaks rock by using the pulse discharge effect, and the drill bit does not need to rotate in the process of breaking rock on the tunnel face, so that the abrasion loss of the drill bit is small, and the rock breaking efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of broken rocks, in particular to a construction method of a hard rock tunnel.
Background
In engineering construction such as mining, water and electricity, geological exploration, civil engineering, traffic, petroleum and the like, construction for breaking rock is usually involved, the construction cost is directly influenced by rock breaking efficiency, and common rock breaking modes in the prior art comprise mechanical rock breaking and explosive blasting rock breaking.
On the one hand, along with the continuous deepening of the depth and the width of the resource exploitation by the human beings, the unconventional wells such as deep wells and ultra-deep wells need to be drilled for the acquisition of crude oil, natural gas and geothermal energy in the future, and when the hard rock or the ultra-deep well is drilled by adopting the traditional mechanical drilling mode, the drill bit is easy to wear, the drilling efficiency is low, and the difficulty of rock breaking drilling is large.
On the other hand, when the traditional drilling and blasting method is adopted for rock breaking construction, because the distance between the drilling center of the rock drill and the edge of the shell of the rock drill is large, if the drilling direction of the rock drill is ensured to be parallel to the axial direction of an excavated tunnel, the second-time excavation profile is smaller than the first-time excavation profile, so that the excavation radius is gradually reduced, the quality of the tunnel is influenced, and meanwhile, a large underexcavation amount is caused. If the tunnel profile is ensured to be unchanged, a certain included angle exists in the drilling direction along the axial direction of the hole when the peripheral holes are drilled, so that the excavation profile can be diffused outwards along the radial direction, and a large excess excavation amount is caused. The method not only has serious influence on the stability of the tunnel supporting structure system, but also greatly increases the construction cost of the tunnel due to the increase of slag discharge and backfill workload.
Therefore, how to provide a hard rock tunnel construction method which has high construction efficiency and can effectively avoid the over excavation phenomenon is a problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a hard rock tunnel construction method, which has high construction efficiency, can effectively avoid the over-excavation phenomenon, and reduces the construction cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a hard rock tunnel construction method includes:
designing an arrangement mode of drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill according to the shape of a face to be drilled, wherein high-voltage electrodes and low-voltage electrodes of the drill bits are distributed in a preset mode so as to break the face through the pulse discharge effect of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes, and the overall distribution area of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes is larger than or equal to the cross section area of a shell of the electric pulse rock drill;
and carrying out rock breaking construction on the tunnel face by adopting the electric pulse rock drill.
Preferably, the method for designing the arrangement of the drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill according to the shape of the face to be drilled comprises the following steps:
according to the shape of the cross section of face, bind first drill bit module of first predetermined quantity extremely on the casing to form holistically the drill bit makes the drill bit adapts to the shape of the cross section of face, so that to face carry out whole promotion broken rock.
Preferably, the method for designing the arrangement of the drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill according to the shape of the face to be drilled comprises the following steps:
determining the shape of the outer contour of the palm surface according to the shape of the palm surface;
designing the arrangement mode of the drill bits according to the shape of the outer contour;
adopt electric pulse rock drill is right the face carries out the construction of breaking rock, include:
performing rock breaking drilling on the outer contour by using the electric pulse rock drill to separate a central excavation area inside the outer contour from peripheral rocks outside the outer contour;
and carrying out rock breaking construction on the central excavation area.
Preferably, the designing the arrangement of the drill bits according to the shape of the outer contour includes:
and binding a second preset number of second drill bit modules to the shell according to the shape of the outer contour to form the whole drill bit, so that the drill bit is adapted to the shape of the outer contour, and the whole outer contour is subjected to rock breaking drilling at the same time.
Preferably, the designing the arrangement of the drill bits according to the shape of the outer contour includes:
binding at least one third drill bit module to the housing to form the integral drill bit, such that the drill bit matches the local arc of the outer profile;
and driving the electric pulse rock drill to move according to the track of the outer contour so as to carry out multiple times of rock breaking drilling by adjusting the position of the electric pulse rock drill, wherein the drilling slotted holes drilled in two adjacent times are connected end to end so as to complete the drilling of the whole outer contour.
Preferably, before the driving the electric pulse rock drill to move along the track of the outer contour, the method further comprises the following steps:
setting a track matched with the shape of the outer contour according to the shape of the outer contour;
the driving of the electric pulse rock drill moves according to the track of the outer contour, and the driving method comprises the following steps:
and driving the electric pulse rock drill to move along the track.
Preferably, the rock breaking construction of the central excavation region includes:
and blasting and breaking the rock in the central excavation area by adopting an explosive blasting and rock breaking mode.
Preferably, the rock breaking construction of the central excavation region includes:
and crushing the rock in the central excavation area by adopting a mechanical drilling mode or an electric pulse drilling mode.
Preferably, in the process of performing rock breaking construction on the tunnel face by using the electric pulse rock drilling machine, the method further comprises the following steps:
and discharging slag by using the drilling fluid channel of the electric pulse rock drill.
The construction method of the hard rock tunnel provided by the invention adopts a non-mechanical electric pulse rock drill to carry out rock breaking construction on the face to be drilled, so that the mechanical effect of shock waves, jet flow or plasma channels generated by pulse discharge is utilized to destroy the rock, and the aim of excavating the face is fulfilled. The whole distribution area of the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode of the drill bit of the electric pulse rock drill is larger than or equal to the cross section area of the shell of the electric pulse rock drill, so that when the tunnel face is excavated, the outline of the drill bit can completely contain the shell of the electric pulse rock drill, the phenomena of over-excavation and under-excavation can be avoided, the stability of a tunnel supporting structure system is ensured, and the construction cost caused by increasing the slag discharge amount and the backfill workload is reduced.
Meanwhile, the electric pulse rock drill breaks rock by using the pulse discharge effect, and the drill bit does not need to rotate in the process of breaking rock on the tunnel face, so that the abrasion loss of the drill bit is small, and the rock breaking efficiency is high.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a hard rock tunnel construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a hard rock tunnel construction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a hard rock tunnel construction method according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a hard rock tunnel construction method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a construction method for breaking rock on a face by using an integral drilling manner in a hard rock tunnel construction method provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a construction method for breaking rock on a tunnel face by using stepwise drilling in the hard rock tunnel construction method provided by the present invention.
The reference numerals in fig. 5 and 6 are as follows:
the drilling tool comprises an outer contour 1, a central excavation area 2, peripheral rocks 3, a third drill bit module 4 and a track 5.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The core of the invention is to provide a hard rock tunnel construction method which has high construction efficiency, can effectively avoid the over excavation phenomenon and reduce the construction cost.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a hard rock tunnel construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The invention provides a construction method of a hard rock tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
s101: according to the shape of the face to be drilled, the arrangement mode of the drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill is designed, wherein the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes of the drill bits are distributed in a preset mode so as to break the face through the pulse discharge effect of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes, and the overall distribution area of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes is larger than or equal to the cross section area of the shell of the electric pulse rock drill.
S102: and (5) carrying out rock breaking construction on the tunnel face by adopting an electric pulse rock drill.
That is, the invention adopts the non-mechanical electric pulse rock drill to carry out rock breaking construction on the face to be drilled, so as to utilize the mechanical effect of shock waves, jet flow or plasma channels generated by pulse discharge to break the rock and achieve the aim of excavating the face.
It will be appreciated that prior to construction, it is necessary to first shape the face to be drilled according to the construction requirements.
When the electric pulse rock drill is used for breaking rock on the face, the arrangement mode of the drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill needs to be designed according to the shape of the face to be drilled so that the arrangement mode of the drill bits is adaptive to the shape of the face to be drilled.
It will be appreciated that in order to enable complete breaking of the rock of the face, it is necessary to ensure that the high and low voltage electrodes of the drill bit have a predetermined distribution to break the face by the effect of the pulsed discharge of the high and low voltage electrodes.
The invention does not limit the specific distribution mode of the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode, as long as the rock on the face to be drilled can be completely crushed when the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode are discharged.
Furthermore, in order to avoid the phenomenon of over-excavation or under-excavation, the whole distribution area of the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode of the drill bit is larger than or equal to the cross section area of the shell of the electric pulse rock drill, so that the outline of the drill bit excavation can completely contain the shell of the electric pulse rock drill when the tunnel face is excavated, the phenomena of over-excavation and under-excavation can be avoided, the stability of a tunnel supporting structure system is ensured, and the construction cost caused by increasing the slag output and the backfilling workload is reduced.
Meanwhile, the electric pulse rock drill breaks rock by using the pulse discharge effect, and the drill bit does not need to rotate in the process of breaking rock on the tunnel face, so that the abrasion loss of the drill bit is small, and the rock breaking efficiency is high.
Referring to fig. 2, a flow chart of a hard rock tunnel construction method according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown; meanwhile, for the convenience of visual understanding, please refer to fig. 5, which is a construction diagram illustrating the hard rock tunnel construction method provided by the present invention adopts an integral drilling mode to break rock on the tunnel face.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the arrangement of the drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill is designed according to the shape of the face to be drilled, which comprises:
s201: according to the shape of the cross section of the face, a first preset number of first drill bit modules are bound to the shell to form an integral drill bit, and the drill bit is made to adapt to the shape of the cross section of the face.
At this moment, adopt electric pulse rock drill to carry out the broken rock construction to the tunnel face, include:
s202: and integrally propelling the tunnel face to break the rock by adopting an electric pulse rock drill.
That is to say, the drill bit in this embodiment includes the first drill bit module of first predetermined quantity, and the first drill bit module of first predetermined quantity distributes according to certain mode of arranging to the shape of the face that the combination formed the required drilling, thereby can adopt the mode of whole drilling to break rock to the face, and this construction mode is broken rock efficiently, and construction convenience.
The specific value of the first preset number of the first drill modules is not limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can set the specific value according to actual needs.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the structures of the single first drill bit modules may be the same or different, as long as it can be ensured that the overall distribution area of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes of all the first drill bit modules is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the casing of the electric pulse rock drill, and it can be ensured that the complete rock breaking can be performed on the tunnel face.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a hard rock tunnel construction method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
In order to reduce the disturbance to the surrounding rock during rock breaking, on the basis of the above embodiment, the arrangement mode of the drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill is designed according to the shape of the face to be drilled, and the arrangement mode comprises the following steps:
s301: the shape of the outer contour 1 of the face is determined according to the shape of the face.
S302: and designing the arrangement mode of the drill bits according to the shape of the outer contour 1.
At this moment, adopt electric pulse rock drill to carry out the broken rock construction to the tunnel face, include:
s303: the outer contour 1 is drilled for breaking rock using an electric pulse rock drill, so that a central excavation area 2 within the outer contour 1 is separated from peripheral rock 3 outside the outer contour 1.
S304: and carrying out rock breaking construction on the central excavation area 2.
That is, in this embodiment, the rock is broken on the face by using a step-by-step drilling method, and the electric pulse rock drill is first used to perform drilling construction on the outer contour 1 of the face, and then the rock breaking construction is performed on the central excavation area 2.
It can be understood that after the outer contour 1 of the face is subjected to rock breaking drilling, the central excavation region 2, which is positioned in the outer contour 1, on the face is separated from the peripheral rocks 3 outside the outer contour 1, so that when the rock breaking construction is carried out on the central excavation region 2, the disturbance on the peripheral rocks 3 can be greatly reduced, the stability of the peripheral rocks is favorably ensured, and the workload and the cost for consolidating the peripheral rocks by high-pressure grouting and the like can be reduced; meanwhile, the damage to the adjacent tunnels due to chain reaction can be avoided.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a hard rock tunnel construction method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Considering the concrete way of drilling the outer contour 1 of the face, as a preferable solution, on the basis of the above embodiment, the arrangement of the drill bits is designed according to the shape of the outer contour 1, which includes:
s402: and binding a second preset number of second drill bit modules to the shell according to the shape of the outer contour 1 to form an integral drill bit, so that the drill bit is adapted to the shape of the outer contour 1.
At this time, the electric pulse rock drill is used to drill the outer contour 1 by breaking rock, including:
s403: and (3) carrying out rock breaking and drilling on the whole outer contour 1 by adopting an electric pulse rock drill.
That is to say, the drill bit in this embodiment includes a second preset number of second drill bit modules, and the second preset number of second drill bit modules are distributed according to a certain arrangement mode to form the shape of the outer profile 1 of the face in a combined manner, so that the outer profile 1 can be broken in an overall drilling mode.
The specific value of the second preset number of the second drill modules is not limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can set the specific value according to actual needs.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the structures of the single second drill modules may be the same or different, as long as it can be ensured that the overall distribution area of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes of all the second drill modules is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the casing of the electric pulse rock drill, and it can be ensured that the outer profile 1 of the tunnel face can be completely broken.
For the convenience of visual understanding, please refer to fig. 6, which is a schematic construction diagram illustrating a hard rock tunnel construction method provided by the present invention, in which rock breaking is performed on a tunnel face in a step-by-step drilling manner.
As another preferable scheme, on the basis of the above embodiment, designing the arrangement of the drill bits according to the shape of the outer contour 1 includes:
s502: at least one third drill module 4 is bound to the casing to form an integral drill, which matches the drill with the local arc of the outer profile 1.
At this time, the electric pulse rock drill is used to drill the outer contour 1 by breaking rock, including:
s503: and driving the electric pulse rock drill to move according to the track of the outer contour 1 so as to carry out multiple times of rock breaking drilling by adjusting the position of the electric pulse rock drill, wherein the drilling slotted holes drilled in two adjacent times are connected end to end so as to complete the drilling of the whole outer contour 1.
That is, the present embodiment adopts a sectional construction mode, and the drilling of the whole outer contour 1 is finally completed by continuously driving the electric pulse rock drill to move along the track of the outer contour 1 each time when the rock breaking drilling is performed on the local part of the outer contour 1.
It should be noted that, the specific number of the third drill modules 4 is not limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can select the number according to actual needs. It can be understood that the larger the number of the third drill modules 4 in the present embodiment, the larger the partial length of the outer contour 1 in a single drilling, and the fewer the number of times the electric pulse rock drill is adjusted in position along the trajectory of the outer contour 1.
In view of the convenience of the electric pulse rock drill for adjusting the position along the track of the outer contour 1, on the basis of the above embodiment, before driving the electric pulse rock drill to move along the track of the outer contour 1, the method further comprises:
according to the shape of the outer contour 1, a rail 5 is provided which matches the shape of the outer contour 1.
At this time, the electric pulse rock drill is driven to move along the track of the outer contour 1, and the electric pulse rock drill comprises:
the electric pulse rock drill is driven to move along the rail 5.
That is, in this embodiment, the track 5 is adapted to the shape of the outer contour 1, and the track 5 can guide the movement of the electric pulse rock drill, so that the electric pulse rock drill moves along the track defined by the track 5, and the stability of the movement of the electric pulse rock drill can be ensured.
In the above embodiments, the concrete construction method for performing the rock breaking construction on the central excavation region 2 is not limited.
For example, in a drilling and blasting construction site, the center excavated area 2 may be blasted and broken by using an explosive blasting and breaking method.
Specifically, the cutting holes and the auxiliary holes are arranged according to geological conditions and requirements to create favorable blasting conditions, and the auxiliary holes are used for further enlarging the free surface formed by blasting of the cutting holes and filling explosive for blasting as required.
And for the places where the drilling and blasting method cannot be used for construction, the mechanical drilling mode or the electric pulse drilling mode can be adopted for carrying out rock breaking drilling on the central excavation area 2.
In each of the above embodiments, in the process of performing rock breaking construction on the face by using the electric pulse rock drill, the method further includes:
and discharging slag by using a drilling fluid channel of the electric pulse rock drill.
That is to say, no matter the whole drilling mode is adopted to break the rock on the working face, or the step-by-step drilling mode is adopted to break the rock on the working face, in the working process of the electric pulse rock drill, the electric pulse rock drill enables broken slag stones to be discharged under the scouring of the drilling fluid through a drilling fluid channel of the electric pulse rock drill.
It should be noted that, when the step-by-step drilling mode is adopted to break rock on the tunnel face, slag in the rock breaking process of the central excavation area 2 is subjected to slag removal by adopting a slag removal mode corresponding to the rock breaking method in the prior art according to the concrete adopted rock breaking method.
It is further noted that, in the present specification, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The construction method of the hard rock tunnel provided by the invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A hard rock tunnel construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
designing an arrangement mode of drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill according to the shape of a face to be drilled, wherein high-voltage electrodes and low-voltage electrodes of the drill bits are distributed in a preset mode so as to break the face through the pulse discharge effect of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes, and the overall distribution area of the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes is larger than or equal to the cross section area of a shell of the electric pulse rock drill;
and carrying out rock breaking construction on the tunnel face by adopting the electric pulse rock drill.
2. The hard rock tunnel construction method according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill is designed according to the shape of the face to be drilled, and includes:
according to the shape of the cross section of face, bind first drill bit module of first predetermined quantity extremely on the casing to form holistically the drill bit makes the drill bit adapts to the shape of the cross section of face, so that to face carry out whole promotion broken rock.
3. The hard rock tunnel construction method according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the drill bits of the electric pulse rock drill is designed according to the shape of the face to be drilled, and includes:
determining the shape of the outer contour (1) of the palm surface according to the shape of the palm surface;
designing the arrangement mode of the drill bits according to the shape of the outer contour (1);
adopt electric pulse rock drill is right the face carries out the construction of breaking rock, include:
carrying out rock breaking drilling on the outer contour (1) by using the electric pulse rock drilling machine, so that a central excavation area (2) inside the outer contour (1) is separated from peripheral rocks (3) outside the outer contour (1);
and carrying out rock breaking construction on the central excavation area (2).
4. A hard rock tunnel construction method as claimed in claim 3, wherein designing the arrangement of the drill bits according to the shape of the outer contour (1) comprises:
and binding a second preset number of second drill bit modules to the shell according to the shape of the outer contour (1) to form the whole drill bit, so that the drill bit adapts to the shape of the outer contour (1) to simultaneously drill the whole outer contour (1) by breaking rocks.
5. A hard rock tunnel construction method as claimed in claim 3, wherein designing the arrangement of the drill bits according to the shape of the outer contour (1) comprises:
binding at least one third drill module (4) to the casing to form the integral drill bit, such that the drill bit matches the local arc of the outer profile (1);
and driving the electric pulse rock drill to move according to the track of the outer contour (1) so as to carry out multiple times of rock breaking drilling by adjusting the position of the electric pulse rock drill, wherein drilling slotted holes drilled in two adjacent times are connected end to end so as to complete the drilling of the whole outer contour (1).
6. A hard rock tunnel construction method as claimed in claim 5, further comprising, before said driving said electric pulse rock drill to move in a trajectory of said outer contour (1):
setting a track (5) matched with the shape of the outer contour (1) according to the shape of the outer contour (1);
the electric pulse rock drill is driven to move according to the track of the outer contour (1), and the electric pulse rock drill comprises:
driving the electric pulse rock drill to move along the track (5).
7. A hard rock tunnel construction method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the rock breaking construction of the central excavated area (2) includes:
and blasting and breaking the rock of the central excavation area (2) by adopting an explosive blasting and rock breaking mode.
8. A hard rock tunnel construction method according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the rock breaking construction of the central excavated area (2) includes:
and (3) crushing the rock in the central excavation area (2) by adopting a mechanical drilling mode or an electric pulse drilling mode.
9. The hard rock tunnel construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the process of performing rock breaking construction on the tunnel face by using the electric pulse rock drill, the method further comprises:
and discharging slag by using the drilling fluid channel of the electric pulse rock drill.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112177626A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-05 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for tunneling roadway by electrode directional impact operation |
| CN113818892A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-12-21 | 中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司 | Rock breaking and tunneling device and rock breaking method thereof |
| CN114856602A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-08-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Broken zone excavation equipment and construction method based on self-excitation pulse jet rock breaking |
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