CN110924902A - Gear suspension gear drive load balance type oil pumping machine - Google Patents
Gear suspension gear drive load balance type oil pumping machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110924902A CN110924902A CN201911289496.8A CN201911289496A CN110924902A CN 110924902 A CN110924902 A CN 110924902A CN 201911289496 A CN201911289496 A CN 201911289496A CN 110924902 A CN110924902 A CN 110924902A
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- gear
- rack
- double
- rod
- lifting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
- E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
- F04B47/14—Counterbalancing
Abstract
The invention discloses a gear suspension gear drive load balance type oil pumping unit, which is characterized in that: the double-rack up-and-down driving device comprises a rack and a double-rack up-and-down driving device arranged on the rack, wherein the double-rack up-and-down driving device comprises a polished rod lifting rack, a polished rod lifting guide rail, a rack guide rail and a driving gear, and the driving gear is used for balancing and supporting two groups of oil extraction rod columns symmetrically arranged in a single-hole well, so that the driving gear can drive the two lifting racks to move up and down alternately and can balance the two groups of oil extraction rod columns, and a balance type variable-load flexible balance configuration structure is formed. The parallel double-pump underground oil extraction rod columns have equal weight, the sucker rods on two sides are provided with teeterboard at suspension points, the suspension point static load of the double optical rods is approximately symmetrical, the mirror image type double-suspension oil extraction machine only needs to play a role of slight inching lifting, the effective power of the motor can be approximately regarded as being completely used for lifting well fluid, the installed power of the motor is smaller, the system efficiency is higher, and low-carbon lifting oil extraction is really realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to a gear suspension gear drive load balance type oil pumping unit.
Background
Beam pumping unit lifting oil extraction has always been the dominant artificial lifting mode in the world oil industry. Compared with other lifting modes, the lifting device has the advantages of firmness, durability, high reliability of field working conditions, convenience in maintenance, high standardization degree, high universality and the like. But at the same time, the beam pumping unit has inherent deficiency which cannot be overcome. Mainly comprises the following steps: the technical advantages of long-stroke and low-stroke production parameters cannot be fully exerted, the balance principle problem and the suspension point load fluctuation characteristic cause low load balance rate, heavy load starting of the motor, light load working, large torque fluctuation, uneven load of the upper stroke and the lower stroke, even negative torque, low efficiency and high energy consumption. Because the characteristics of the four-link transmission mechanism of the beam pumping unit are not changed essentially, the defects of large horsecar and high energy consumption cannot be fundamentally overcome, and the mechanical mining efficiency is limited in space improvement and energy-saving potential.
At present, the quantity of oil pumping units in each oil field in China is more than 35 thousands of units, the total installed capacity of a motor exceeds 1500 thousands of kilowatts, and the annual power consumption exceeds 250 hundred million degrees. The efficiency of the actual measurement machine acquisition system is only 25% -30%, and some efficiency is even lower than 25%, according to measurement and calculation, if the efficiency can be increased to 31%, the total annual energy saving potential can reach nearly two billion degrees. The novel low-energy-consumption lifting system is researched and developed for meeting the planning and requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction of national industrial production and realizing low-carbon lifting oil production of an oil well.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a gear suspension gear drive load balance type oil pumping unit which can improve oil extraction efficiency and reduce lifting energy consumption aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: gear suspension gear drive load balanced type beam-pumping unit, its characterized in that: the double-rack up-and-down driving device comprises a rack and a double-rack up-and-down driving device arranged on the rack, wherein the double-rack up-and-down driving device comprises a polished rod lifting rack fixedly connected with a polished rod, a polished rod lifting guide rail fixedly connected with the polished rod lifting rack, a rack roller guide rail respectively configured with the polished rod lifting guide rail, and a driving gear which is simultaneously meshed with the two lifting racks and drives the two lifting racks to alternate up and down, the rack roller guide rail is arranged on the rack, and the driving gear is used for balancing and supporting two groups of oil extraction rod columns with equal weight arranged in a single-port well to form a balance type variable-load flexible balanced configuration structure, so that the double-rack up-and-down driving device can drive the two lifting racks to alternately move up and down and.
According to the technical scheme, a suspension gear is further arranged between the two polished rods on the support, the suspension gear forms a balance supporting point of the two groups of oil extraction rod columns, and the suspension gear is meshed with the two polished rod lifting racks respectively.
According to the technical scheme, the number of the driving gears is one, the driving gears are arranged between the two polish rods, the polish rod lifting rack is arranged on the inner sides of the two polish rods, and two sides of the driving gears are respectively meshed with the polish rod lifting rack.
According to the technical scheme, the support frame is provided with the T-shaped sliding groove, and the at least one rack roller guide rail is arranged in the T-shaped groove and is fixed through the rack guide rail bolt.
According to the technical scheme, the polish rod guide pinch rollers are respectively arranged above and below the support frame corresponding to the two polish rods, the polish rod guide pinch rollers are arranged on the support frame through bearings, and the support frame is provided with the locking device for limiting the polish rod guide pinch rollers.
According to the technical scheme, the polished rod guide pinch roller comprises a pinch roller frame, pinch rollers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pinch roller frame, and locking devices are correspondingly arranged on the supporting frame.
In one well, according to the requirement of the inner diameter structure size of a casing and the safe rod pipe lifting operation standard, an even number of same oil production pipe columns are symmetrically put in parallel, even numbers of parallel polished rods are arranged at a well head, wherein the oil production pipe columns and the polished rods are correspondingly divided into two groups, the upper ends of the two groups of parallel polished rods are respectively connected with polished rod lifting racks, the two polished rod lifting racks are suspended and driven with a driving gear arranged between the two groups of parallel polished rods, the static loads of the symmetrical oil production rod columns on the two sides of the driving gear are approximately equal, a balance type flexible load-changing flexible balance configuration structure is formed, and the two groups of parallel oil production pipe columns are alternately lifted up and down to produce oil through the driving gear.
Under the same working condition and production parameters of the same well with the same position of the parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe column, the gear suspension gear drives the suspension gear or the driving gear in the load balance type oil pumping machine to serve as a balance support suspension point of the two oil production rod columns, the static loads of the symmetrical oil pumping rod columns on two sides of the suspension point are approximately equal, and the static loads are in balance relation with each other through a similar balance structure of load and balance weight. Therefore, the problems of incomplete matching and poor balance degree existing in the balance principle and structural design of the traditional pumping unit are well solved, wherein the characteristics of the pumping unit suspension point load self alternation and the dynamic change along with the formation energy of the stratum. And then make this beam-pumping unit motor work almost all be used for promoting the well fluid and have nothing to do with the weight of pole in the pit, can reduce motor installed power by a wide margin, complete machine load balancing rate and system efficiency obtain the promotion of matter, finally reduce beam-pumping unit oil recovery lifting energy consumption, realized "low carbon" in the true sense and lifted the oil recovery.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1. through setting up two sets of oil recovery poles that weight is nearly equal, two sets of oil recovery poles pass through drive gear or hang the gear balanced support, constitute "balance formula" and become the flexible balanced configuration structure of load, so only need the drive power of motor to do one-way well liquid and promote for motor installed power is littleer, and system efficiency is higher, realizes "low carbon" in the true sense and lifts the oil recovery. The parallel double-pump underground oil production pipe column is designed to be completely symmetrical, the sucker rod columns on two sides are in a 'sitting seesaw' type structure at the suspension point, the double-sucker rod suspension point static load is approximately symmetrical, the gear suspension gear drives the load balance type oil pumping unit to only play a 'slight' inching lifting role, and the motor power can be approximately considered to be completely used for lifting well fluid (and equivalent 'middle point' lower rod weight, friction force and the like). Therefore, the balance degree is improved by 'quality' (especially intermittent well outlet, intermittent pumping well and insufficient liquid supply well), the system efficiency is improved by more than 10% compared with the traditional system, and the lifting energy consumption is greatly reduced.
2. Because the load is close to the limit of the counterweight, the transmission chain is short, the starting torque is small, and the reactive loss is low. Under the condition of a single-side load, the rotating force arm is minimum, the starting torque is correspondingly minimum, and the friction loss in the transmission process is reduced to the minimum.
3. The lifting advantages of long stroke and slow stroke are better exerted. The stroke is convenient to adjust, and only the rotating number of turns of the mandrel (motor) needs to be changed, so that the height and the weight of the whole machine can be designed to be smaller (the stroke of the existing tower crane is not adjustable), the stroke frequency can be further adjusted to be smaller, and eccentric wear is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an assembly of a gear suspension-gear drive mirror image type double-suspension pumping unit in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a plan view of a gear suspension-gear drive mirror image type double-suspension pumping unit in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a side view of a gear suspension-gear drive mirror image type double-suspension pumping unit in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a chain wheel and chain suspension driven mirror type double-suspension pumping unit in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a gear suspension gear drive load balance type pumping unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-1, 1-2-polish rod anti-drop cap; 2-1, 2-polished rod; 3, a gear is suspended on a gear to drive a load balance type pumping unit main body; 4. 12-a polish rod guide pinch roller; 5-1, 5-2-polish rod lifting rack; 6-1, 6-2-rack roller guide rail; 7-1, 7-2-rack guide rail bolt; 8-suspension gear; 9-1, 9-2-polish rod lifting guide rail; 10. 10-1, 10-2-drive gear; 11-1, 11-2-rack bolt; 13-1, 13-2-double-optical-rod packing box gland; 14-1, 14-2-packing box body; 15-1, 15-2-packing box rubber; 16-double-optical-rod packing box end cover; 17-double-optical-rod packing box end cover bolt; 18-1, 18-2-production gates; 19-sealing the partition plate; 20-production of the cross; 21-producing the four-way bolt; 22-double hanging casing four-way; 23-1, 23-2-casing gate; 24-double-suspension sleeve four-way bolt; 25-a bushing joint; 26-1, 26-2-tubing coupling; 27-1, 27-2-oil pipe; 28-sucker rod coupling; 28-1, 28-2-sucker rod coupling; 29-sucker rod; 30-1, 30-2-upstream dynamic valve; 31-1, 31-2-plunger; 32-1, 32-2-downstream electrovalve; 33-1, 33-2-pump cylinder; 34-a sleeve; 34-1-casing blasthole; 35-1, 35-2-fixed valve; 36-1, 36-2-screen; 37-1, 37-2-plug; 38-double-optical-rod packing bin and adjusting screw rod of packing box; 39-a gearbox; 40-a gearbox input shaft pulley; 41-a belt; 42, a motor; 43-rack rail rollers; 48, producing a tee joint; 49. 50-double pump cylinder centralizer; 51-double cannula; 52-releasing type double-cannula packer; 54-three-way centralizing joint; 55-central cannula; 56-central cannula sealing ring; 57-release type single cannula packer; 57-1-packer rubber cylinder; 57-2-packer slips.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
The gear suspension-gear drive mirror image type double-suspension oil pumping unit provided by the embodiment comprises a rack 3 and a double-rack up-and-down driving device arranged on the rack, wherein the double-rack up-and-down driving device comprises a polished rod lifting rack (5-1,5-2) fixedly connected with a polished rod respectively, a polished rod lifting guide rail (9-1,9-2) fixedly connected with the polished rod lifting rack respectively, a rack guide rail (6-1,6-2) respectively configured with the polished rod lifting guide rail, a driving gear 10, a motor 42 and a gearbox 39 which are engaged with the two lifting racks simultaneously and drive the two lifting racks to move up and down alternately, and an output shaft of the motor 42 is connected with a gearbox input shaft belt wheel 40 through a belt 41. Two rack guide rails (6-1,6-2) are arranged on the frame 3, and two polished rod lifting racks at the upper ends of the two groups of oil extraction rod columns are meshed through a reversing gear 10, so that the two rack guide rails can drive the two lifting racks to move up and down alternately and can balance the two groups of oil extraction rod columns, and a balance type variable-load flexible balance configuration structure is formed.
In this embodiment, a hanging gear 8 is further disposed between the two polish rods on the bracket, the hanging gear 8 is respectively engaged with the two polish rod lifting racks (5-1,5-2), the hanging gear 8 is used as a hanging support balance structure (i.e. a support balance hanging point) of the two oil extraction rod columns, and the driving gear 10 is used for driving the two polish rods to alternately lift up and down for oil extraction, so that the manufacturing precision of the gear is further reduced. Wherein, the suspension gear 8 and the driving gear 10 are positioned on the symmetrical center line of the frame 3 and are arranged at intervals up and down.
At the moment, the suspension gear 8 is used as a balance supporting point of two oil extraction rod columns, the static load of the suspension point of the oil extraction rod is approximately symmetrical, the mirror image type double-suspension oil pumping unit only needs to play a 'one straw type' inching lifting role (the driving gear 10 plays an electric role), and the power of the motor is approximately regarded as being used for lifting well fluid.
In this embodiment, each polished rod lifting guide rail is provided with a longitudinal convex ridge which is matched with the roller in the rack roller guide rail, so that the polished rod lifting guide rail runs smoothly. The rack roller guide rails (6-1,6-2) are respectively fixed on the rack 3 through rack guide rail bolts (7-1, 7-2). Slip teeth are arranged in the polish rod lifting rack and the polish rod lifting guide rail and used for biting and fixing the polish rod. When the oil extraction device works, the driving gear 10 is matched with the two polished rod lifting racks (5-1 and 5-2) through the driving of the motor to drive the pipe column on one side to move downwards and the pipe column on the other side to move upwards, so that the alternate oil extraction is realized. In addition, in order to adapt to oil extraction posts with different calibers and different outer diameters, a T-shaped groove is further formed in the frame 3, and rack roller guide rails (6-1 and 6-2) are arranged in the T-shaped groove and are fixed through rack guide rail bolts (7-1 and 7-2) respectively so as to be adjusted according to different working conditions. In order to enable the stability of the two parallel polish rods to be better, the polish rod guide pinch roller 4 and the polish rod guide pinch roller 12 are arranged on the support frame and are respectively positioned above and below the two polish rods, the polish rod guide pinch roller 4 and the polish rod guide pinch roller 12 are respectively arranged on the support frame 3 through bearings and can rotate at will in 360 degrees, and after a proper angle is adjusted, the polish rod guide pinch roller and the polish rod guide pinch roller are locked through a locking device, so that the practical performance of the polish rod guide pinch roller is enhanced. The structure of the device is shown in the figure, and the device comprises a pressing wheel frame, pressing wheels are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pressing wheel frame, and locking devices are correspondingly arranged on a supporting frame.
The invention is mainly used in a gear suspension type multi-pump symmetrical continuous progressive liquid discharge balance load low-power-consumption lifting system, wherein the gear suspension type multi-pump symmetrical continuous progressive liquid discharge balance load low-power-consumption lifting system comprises: the gear suspension gear drives the load balance type oil pumping unit, the double-optical-rod double-suspension oil production well head and the parallel double-pump underground oil production rod column; the number of the pipe columns of the parallel double-pump underground oil extraction rod columns is two and the two pipe columns are symmetrically distributed, the polished rods at the upper ends of the two oil extraction rod columns are supported in a balanced mode through the suspension gears or the driving gears to form a balance type variable-load flexible balance configuration structure, the load balanced type oil pumping unit is driven through the gear suspension gears to drive the two parallel oil extraction rod columns to lift up and down alternately for oil extraction, and the parallel double-pump underground oil extraction rod columns and the double-light-rod double-suspension oil extraction well head are configured.
During construction, according to the requirements of the inner diameter structure size of a casing and the safe rod pipe lifting operation standard, an even number of same oil production pipe columns are symmetrically put into a well in parallel, and even number of parallel polished rods are arranged at the well mouth.
In this embodiment, each set of oil production strings may be symmetrically arranged or asymmetrically arranged, as long as the weight of the oil production rod strings on both sides is equal, the number of each set of oil production strings may be one or multiple, and this embodiment is described by taking an example in which two sets of symmetric oil production strings are arranged, and each set of oil production string is one oil production string. Namely, as shown in fig. 1, two oil production pipes are symmetrically arranged to form a dual-oil pipe type parallel dual-pump downhole oil production pipe or a release pipeless dual-rod type parallel dual-pump downhole oil production pipe, and correspondingly, the multi-polished rod multi-suspension oil production wellhead device is a dual-polished rod dual-suspension oil production wellhead.
Under the same working condition and production parameters of the same well with the same position of the parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe column, the static loads of symmetrical sucker rod columns on two sides of the suspension point of the load balance type oil pumping unit driven by the gear suspension gear are approximately equal, and are in balance relation of a similar balance structure of load and balance weight. Therefore, the problems of incomplete matching and poor balance degree existing in the balance principle and structural design of the traditional pumping unit are well solved, wherein the characteristics of the pumping unit suspension point load self alternation and the dynamic change along with the formation energy of the stratum. And then make this novel beam-pumping unit motor work almost all be used for promoting the well fluid and have nothing to do with well rod column weight in the pit, can reduce installation power by a wide margin, complete machine load balancing rate and system efficiency obtain the promotion of matter, finally reduce the machine and adopted the energy consumption of lifting, realized "low carbon" in the true sense and lifted the oil recovery.
The specific embodiment of the invention is used for explaining and explaining two oil production pipes, namely the invention provides a single-well double-pump continuous progressive liquid discharge balancing load low-power-consumption lifting system and method. As shown in the figure 1-2, the novel lifting system consists of three main system modules, namely a parallel double-pump underground oil production pipe column, a double-optical-rod double-suspension oil production well head and a gear suspension gear driven load balance type oil pumping unit.
The parallel double-pump underground oil production pipe column can adopt two structures of a double-oil pipe type and a releasing pipeless double-rod type. The dual tubing string may be suitable for large bore casing, such as 7 inch and above production casing, while the release tubeless dual-stem string may be suitable for production casing between 5 inch and 7 inch, and may be applied to production casing above 7 inch as required.
As shown in figure 1, the double-oil-pipe type parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe comprises two oil production pipes with the same structure, and each oil production pipe comprises a polish rod anti-drop cap (1-1, 1-2); a polish rod (2-1, 2-2); tubing couplings (26-1, 26-2); oil pipes (27-1, 27-2); a sucker rod collar 28; a sucker rod 29; upstream dynamic valves (30-1, 30-2); plungers (31-1, 31-2); downstream electrovalves (32-1, 32-2); a pump cylinder (33-1, 33-2); fixed valves (35-1, 35-2); a screen (36-1, 36-2); the plugs (37-1, 37-2) will now be described by way of example of a specific configuration of one of the production strings. A specific configuration example of one of the production strings will be described. The oil pipe is installed through the double-optical-rod double-suspension oil extraction well head in a suspension mode, the oil pipe 27-1, the oil pumping pump barrel 33-4, the sieve pipe 36-1 and the plug 37-1 are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the oil pipes are connected through the oil pipe coupling 26-1, the oil pipe at the uppermost end is suspended through the double-optical-rod double-suspension oil extraction well head, the oil pipe at the lowermost end is connected with the oil well pump barrel 33-1, the weight of the oil pipe column is borne through the double-optical-rod double-suspension oil extraction well head, and the weight of the oil pipe column is borne through the suspension gear. The upper end of the polish rod 2-1 is connected with a polish rod anti-drop cap 1-1, the lower end is connected with a sucker rod 29, the sucker rods 29 are connected through sucker rod couplings 28, and the sucker rod 29 at the lowest end is connected with a plunger assembly. When the sucker rod is installed, the polish rod is connected with the sucker rod and the plunger assembly to form an oil extraction rod column which is placed in the oil pipe 27-1 until the oil pump cylinder 33-1. The oil well pump is in the prior art, the oil well pump comprises oil well pump cylinders, fixed valve assemblies (35-1 and 35-2) are respectively installed at the bottoms of the two oil well pump cylinders, a plunger assembly is respectively matched in the oil well pump cylinders, and the plunger assembly comprises an upper traveling valve 30, a plunger 31 and a lower traveling valve 32. . Polished rods (1-1, 1-2) at the upper ends of the two oil production strings are suspended through a suspension gear 8 and driven through a driving gear 10, and static loads of the oil production strings symmetrically arranged on two sides of the suspension gear 8 are approximately equal to form a balance type load-variable flexible balance configuration structure.
The releasing pipeless double-rod parallel double-pump downhole oil production string can adopt two structural forms according to the difference of the releasing intubation packer structure, and is divided into a releasing single intubation packer pipeless double-rod parallel double-pump downhole oil production string and a releasing double intubation packer pipeless double-rod parallel double-pump downhole oil production string.
As shown in fig. 2, the pipe-free dual-rod parallel dual-pump downhole production string of the releasing type dual-cannula packer comprises: the anti-drop device comprises polish rod anti-drop caps (1-1 and 1-2), polish rods (2-1 and 2-2), sucker rod coupling rings (28-1 and 28-2), sucker rods (29-1 and 29-2), a double-pump-barrel centralizer 49, a two-rod oil well pump, a double-pump-barrel centralizer 50, a double-cannula 51, a throw-off double-cannula packer 52, a central-cannula sealing ring, a throw-off single-cannula packer, a packer rubber barrel and a packer slip, wherein the two ends of a pump barrel of the two-rod oil well pump are respectively connected with the double-pump-barrel centralizer 49 and a three-way centralizer joint 54, and a plunger assembly of the two-rod oil well pump is packaged in the pump barrel and is the prior art. Upstream movable valves (30-1, 30-2) are respectively arranged in the pump cylinders of the two rod-type oil-well pumps; plungers (31-1, 31-2); downstream electrovalves (32-1, 32-2); fixed valves (35-1, 35-2). The plungers (31-1, 31-2) of the two rod type oil well pumps are respectively connected with one oil well pump rod (29-1, 29-2), and the two oil well pump rods are respectively connected with the corresponding polish rods (2-1, 2-2) to form two oil well rod columns which are arranged in parallel. The structure difference of the double-cylinder pump centralizer and the existing single-cylinder pump centralizer is that double holes for two sucker rod columns to pass through are arranged on the body of the centralizer, and other structures are basically consistent. The lower end of the dual barrel centralizer 50 is connected to a throw-away dual cannula packer 52 by a dual cannula 51. The double insertion pipe 51 is a double insertion pipe 51 hermetically inserted with double center holes of the double-pump-cylinder centralizer 49, and is a parallel structure of two parallel single insertion pipes in the prior art. The releasing type double-cannula packer 52 comprises a body, two holes are formed in the body and are matched with a double-cannula 51, a packer rubber cylinder 52-1 and a packer slip 52-2 are arranged outside the body, the difference between the releasing type double-cannula packer 52 and the existing packer is that two holes are formed inside the body and are matched with the double-cannula 51, and the rest structures are the same. The releasing type double-cannula packer pipeless double-rod parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe column is put into the shaft to adopt two operations: running a releasing double-cannula packer 52 with a tubing string for the first time, then pressing the setting and releasing the packer; after the tubing string is taken out, the tubing string is used for the second time to drive two oil extraction rod columns, a rod-type oil well pump and a double-insertion pipe 51 to go down, then the packer double-sealing pipe is inserted, and then the packer double-sealing pipe is pressed to release the double pump cylinders; after the tubing string is pulled out. The operations of tool setting and releasing, pressing and releasing are all provided with corresponding technical standards.
Wherein, the double-tube type supporting centralizer is inserted into the double-tube type supporting centralizer at intervals during the synchronous lifting operation of the double tubes, the double rods and the double pumps for preventing twisting and blocking.
The parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe of pipe-free double-rod of releasing formula single cannula packer includes: polish rod anti-drop caps (1-1, 1-2), polish rods (2-1, 2-2), sucker rod couplings (28-1, 28-2), sucker rods (29-1, 29-2), a double-pump-barrel centralizer 49, a two-rod oil well pump, a three-way centralizing joint 54, a central insertion pipe 55, a central insertion pipe sealing ring 56, a throw-away single-insertion-pipe packer 57, a packer rubber barrel 57-1 and a packer slip 57-2. The two ends of the pump cylinder of the two-rod oil well pump are respectively connected with a double-pump cylinder centralizer 49 and a three-way centralizing joint 54, and the plunger assembly of the two-rod oil well pump is packaged in the pump cylinder and is the prior art. Upstream movable valves (30-1, 30-2) are respectively arranged in the pump cylinders of the two rod-type oil-well pumps; plungers (31-1, 31-2); downstream electrovalves (32-1, 32-2); fixed valves (35-1, 35-2). The plungers (31-1, 31-2) of the two rod type oil well pumps are respectively connected with one oil well pump rod (29-1, 29-2), and the two oil well pump rods are respectively connected with the corresponding polish rods (2-1, 2-2) to form two oil well rod columns which are arranged in parallel. The lower end of the three-way centralizing coupling 54 is sealingly mated to a single throw-away cannula packer 57 via a single cannula (center cannula) 55. The well descending steps are similar to the well descending steps of the pipe-free double-rod parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe column of the releasing type double-cannula packer, and are not described again.
Specifically, the three-way centering joint 54 has a structure as shown in fig. 2, and has a dual channel therein, which is communicated with the pump cylinders of the two-rod oil-well pump, and a central channel at the lower part thereof, which is communicated with the central insertion tube 55, wherein the central channel is communicated with the dual channel to form a three-way structure. The single-stinger packer 57 of the present embodiment may be an existing stinger packer.
The oil production pipe column is configured with a double-light-rod double-suspension oil production well head, wherein the double-light-rod double-suspension oil production well head is divided into an independent liquid-outlet production four-way double-light-rod double-suspension oil production well head and an integrated liquid-outlet production three-way double-light-rod double-suspension oil production well head. The independent liquid-outlet production four-way double-light-rod double-suspension oil production well head is configured with the double-oil-pipe type parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe column, and the integrated liquid-outlet production three-way double-light-rod double-suspension oil production well head is correspondingly configured with the releasing pipeless double-rod type parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe column.
Wherein, as shown in fig. 4, the independent liquid outlet type production four-way double-optical rod double-suspension oil production wellhead comprises: the double-light-rod packing box matched with the double light rods comprises two packing box bodies (14-1 and 14-2) arranged in parallel, a light rod correspondingly penetrates through the interior of each packing box body, a packing box rubber sheet 15 is arranged in each packing box body, the upper end of each packing box body is tightly pressed through a double-light-rod packing box gland 13, the lower end of each packing box body is fastened at the upper end of the production four-way 20 through a double-light-rod packing box end cover 16 and a double-light-rod packing box end cover bolt 17, and double-light-rod packing box filling bins and adjusting screw rods 38 are respectively arranged on the packing box bodies (14-1 and 14-2) and used for adjusting the sealing performance. The dynamic seal of the polish rod and the packing box can be of a standard structure. Two production channels corresponding to the double-oil-pipe type parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe column in the production four-way joint 20 are provided with longitudinally arranged sealing partition plates 19 for dividing the production four-way joint 20 into two independent cavities, and the two independent cavities in the production four-way joint 20 are respectively communicated with a production gate 18-1 and a production gate 18-2 to realize independent liquid outlet at two sides; the lower end of the production cross 20 is connected with a double-suspension casing cross 22 through a production cross bolt 21, two sides of the double-suspension casing cross 22 are respectively connected with a casing gate 23-1 and a casing gate 23-2, and the double-suspension casing cross 22 is connected with a casing connector 25 through a double-suspension casing cross bolt 24. The double-hanging casing four-way joint 22 is formed by connecting two parallel hanging casing four-ways in the prior art. The double-optical-rod wellhead in the embodiment of the device is provided with independent liquid outlets on two sides, if a single-side pipe column is abnormal, only the single-side pipe column is reduced to be a counterweight, and the single pump on the other side can be used for continuing production with similar discharge capacity after the stroke or stroke is increased, so that the device is more reliable in work, and is beneficial to prolonging and free of maintenance.
As shown in fig. 5, the integrated liquid-out production three-way double-optical-rod double-suspension oil production wellhead is used for being configured with a releasing pipeless double-rod parallel double-pump downhole oil production pipe column. The production tee joint is replaced by the production tee joint 48, a sealing plate is not arranged in the production tee joint 48, namely, one side of the production tee joint 48 is provided with the production gate 18, and liquid is discharged from one side, so that the structure is more compact, and the applicability is better.
Because the parallel double-pump underground oil extraction rod column is positioned in the same well under the same working condition and production parameters, the static loads of the symmetrical oil extraction rod columns on two sides of the suspension point of the mirror image type double-suspension oil extraction machine are nearly equal, and are in a balance relation of a similar balance structure of load and balance weight. Therefore, the problems of incomplete matching and poor balance degree existing in the balance principle and structural design of the traditional pumping unit are well solved, wherein the characteristics of the pumping unit suspension point load self alternation and the dynamic change along with the formation energy of the stratum. And then make this novel beam-pumping unit motor work almost all be used for promoting the well fluid and have nothing to do with well rod column weight in the pit, can reduce installation power by a wide margin, complete machine load balancing rate and system efficiency obtain the promotion of matter, finally reduce the machine and adopted the energy consumption of lifting, realized "low carbon" in the true sense and lifted the oil recovery.
Compare traditional rod-pumped well and lift, this novel system of lifting's main technical advantage includes:
1. through setting up two sets of oil recovery poles that weight is nearly equal, two sets of oil recovery poles pass through drive gear or hang the gear balanced support, constitute "balance formula" and become the flexible balanced configuration structure of load, so only need the drive power of motor to do one-way well liquid and promote for motor installed power is littleer, and system efficiency is higher, realizes "low carbon" in the true sense and lifts the oil recovery. The parallel double-pump underground oil production pipe column is designed to be completely symmetrical, the sucker rod columns on two sides are in a 'sitting seesaw' type structure at the suspension point, the double-sucker rod suspension point static load is approximately symmetrical, the gear suspension gear drives the load balance type oil pumping unit to only play a 'slight' inching lifting role, and the motor power can be approximately considered to be completely used for lifting well fluid (and equivalent 'middle point' lower rod weight, friction force and the like). Therefore, the balance degree is improved by 'quality' (especially intermittent well outlet, intermittent pumping well and insufficient liquid supply well), the system efficiency is improved by more than 10% compared with the traditional system, and the lifting energy consumption is greatly reduced.
2. Because the load is close to the limit of the counterweight, the transmission chain is short, the starting torque is small, and the reactive loss is low. Under the condition of a single-side load, the rotating force arm is minimum, the starting torque is correspondingly minimum, and the friction loss in the transmission process is reduced to the minimum.
3. Realize the deep pumping of 'small rod and small pump', effectively release the potential of oil reservoir. The up-down strokes of the oil extraction rods on the two sides are symmetrically drained, and the original large pump can be averagely split into small symmetrical pumps under the same produced liquid discharge capacity, so that the low-permeability low-energy oil reservoir deep-pumping and dredging submergence are facilitated.
4. The lifting advantages of long stroke and slow stroke are better exerted. The stroke is convenient to adjust, and only the rotating number of turns of a core shaft (motor) of the oil pumping unit is required to be changed, so that the height and the weight of the whole oil pumping unit can be designed to be smaller (the stroke of the existing tower crane is not adjustable), the stroke frequency can be further adjusted to be smaller, and eccentric wear is reduced.
5. The underground pipe column is more reliable, and the repair-free period is favorably prolonged. The double polished rod well head is the independent liquid outlet in both sides, if unilateral tubular column is unusual, only "fall into" the counter weight, transfer still usable opposite side single pump with similar discharge capacity continuation production behind stroke or the stroke.
6. The lifting system can realize continuous liquid drainage and lifting, and is favorable for relieving the sand production degree of the reservoir. The traditional intermittent pulse pumping generates a certain pulse oscillation effect on a reservoir stratum, and the sand production degree of the reservoir stratum can be aggravated to a certain degree, particularly for a low-yield low-liquid well with serious insufficient liquid supply. The lifting system of the invention discharges liquid twice in one stroke, namely the up-down stroke is a continuous progressive liquid suction-discharge process, and the liquid is smoothly supplied to the well bore, thus being beneficial to slowing down the sand production.
7. Modularized counter weights can be symmetrically arranged on two sides, and universality of a new machine type is enhanced. The lifting device can prevent the other side from being incapable of normally starting pumping due to balance failure after the single-side rod is broken, and can be used for lifting the common oil production pipe in a biased mode.
Claims (6)
1. Gear suspension gear drive load balanced type beam-pumping unit, its characterized in that: the double-rack up-and-down driving device comprises a rack and a double-rack up-and-down driving device arranged on the rack, wherein the double-rack up-and-down driving device comprises a polished rod lifting rack fixedly connected with a polished rod, a polished rod lifting guide rail fixedly connected with the polished rod lifting rack, a rack roller guide rail respectively configured with the polished rod lifting guide rail, and a driving gear which is simultaneously meshed with the two lifting racks and drives the two lifting racks to alternate up and down, the rack roller guide rail is arranged on the rack, and the driving gear is used for balancing and supporting two groups of oil extraction rod columns with equal weight arranged in a single-port well to form a balance type variable-load flexible balanced configuration structure, so that the double-rack up-and-down driving device can drive the two lifting racks to alternately move up and down and.
2. The gear-suspended gear-driven load-balanced pumping unit of claim 1, wherein: and a suspension gear is also arranged between the two polished rods on the bracket, the suspension gear forms a balance supporting point of the two groups of oil extraction rod columns, and the suspension gear is respectively meshed with the lifting racks of the two polished rods.
3. The gear-suspended gear-driven load-balanced pumping unit according to claim 2, wherein: the drive gear is one and is arranged between the two polish rods, the polish rod lifting rack is arranged on the inner sides of the two polish rods, and two sides of the drive gear are respectively meshed with the polish rod lifting rack.
4. The gear-suspended gear-driven load-balanced pumping unit of claim 3, wherein: the support frame is provided with a T-shaped sliding groove, and at least one rack roller guide rail is arranged in the T-shaped groove and is fixed through a rack guide rail bolt.
5. The gear-suspended gear-driven load-balanced pumping unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the polish rod guide pinch rollers are arranged above and below the support frame corresponding to the two polish rods respectively, the polish rod guide pinch rollers are arranged on the support frame through bearings, and the support frame is provided with a locking device for limiting the polish rod guide pinch rollers.
6. The gear-suspended gear-driven load-balanced pumping unit of claim 5, wherein: the polished rod guide pinch roller comprises a pinch roller frame, pinch rollers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the pinch roller frame, and locking devices are correspondingly arranged on the supporting frame.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113846997A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2021-12-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Screw rod driven beam-pumping unit |
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Address after: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee after: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee after: Jianghan oil field factory of Jianghan Oilfield Branch Company of China Petroleum Chemical Co. Address before: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee before: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee before: Jianghan Oil Production Plant of SINOPEC Jianghan Oilfield Co. |
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Effective date of registration: 20220831 Address after: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee after: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee after: Jianghan oil field factory of Jianghan Oilfield Branch Company of China Petroleum Chemical Co. Patentee after: Sinopec Engineering Quality Monitoring Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100728 No. 22 North Main Street, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Chaoyangmen Patentee before: CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEMICAL Corp. Patentee before: Jianghan oil field factory of Jianghan Oilfield Branch Company of China Petroleum Chemical Co. |