CN110924399A - Deep foundation pit earthwork excavation method - Google Patents
Deep foundation pit earthwork excavation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110924399A CN110924399A CN201911092647.0A CN201911092647A CN110924399A CN 110924399 A CN110924399 A CN 110924399A CN 201911092647 A CN201911092647 A CN 201911092647A CN 110924399 A CN110924399 A CN 110924399A
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- excavation
- foundation pit
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- slope
- deep foundation
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
Abstract
The invention provides a deep foundation pit earthwork excavation method, which is characterized in that a plurality of excavating devices are arranged on the slope surface of a foundation pit, and a material excavating transfer point is arranged between two adjacent excavating devices, so that excavating materials are conveyed to the adjacent material excavating transfer points after excavation is carried out by the excavating devices positioned relatively below, then the excavating materials at the material excavating transfer points are conveyed to the upper-stage material excavating transfer point by the excavating devices positioned relatively above, and the excavation of the foundation pit is finished by the aid of the plurality of excavating devices in a relay manner, and the concept of layered excavation and supporting while excavation is integrally adopted. The method is low in cost, only needs conventional excavating equipment and common transport vehicles, is simple, safe and efficient in construction, and is suitable for open excavation occasions where excavation sites are limited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a deep foundation pit earthwork excavation method, in particular to deep foundation pit earthwork excavation which is limited in excavation site and suitable for open cut.
Background
The construction speed of the current city construction and old city reconstruction project is faster and faster, but the construction site is smaller and smaller, so the construction site is limited by the site when the deep foundation pit is excavated. At present, the conventional and economical excavation method for the earthwork of a general deep foundation pit is as follows: from top to bottom, a stable slope ratio is reserved, the excavation is carried out in steps, the support is carried out while the excavation is carried out, the transportation road follows the excavation under the foundation pit, and the slag is discharged by a dumper of the excavator. However, in the actual construction process, the construction site range is limited due to the influence of other facilities or land acquisition and other factors, the height difference between the upper part and the lower part of the foundation pit is large, the construction road of the foundation pit under the dump truck cannot be arranged, and if a transportation road is built again, the construction is very difficult and the cost is high, so that a new and unconventional excavation method is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide the earth excavation method for the deep foundation pit, which has the advantages of simple construction, low cost, rapidness, safety and small limitation of an excavation site and can still be combined with the conventional excavation means of the existing foundation pit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the earth excavation method for the deep foundation pit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. after the measurement lofting marks the excavation opening line, arranging a catch drain at the periphery of the actual excavation opening line and performing anti-seepage treatment; foundation pit deformation monitoring points are arranged around the slope tops of the foundation pits side slopes, and the foundation pit deformation condition is measured periodically in the construction excavation process;
B. placing slopes according to the designed slope ratio and layering according to the actual condition of foundation pit excavation, and arranging steps between every two layers;
C. excavating equipment is arranged on the slope surface and the top of the foundation pit, and the excavating equipment is distributed along the height of the slope surface; the effective working ranges of the two adjacent excavating equipment intersect, and a material excavating transfer point is arranged at the intersection, so that the excavating equipment which is relatively positioned at the lower part can send excavated materials in the working ranges to the material excavating transfer point, and the excavated materials are transferred and sent out by the relay of the excavating equipment which is relatively positioned at the upper part; thus, the excavating devices are mutually relayed to transport the excavated materials to the outside of the foundation pit and excavate the excavated materials layer by layer according to the designed slope ratio;
D. and (4) carrying out support treatment in time after each layer of excavation is finished, carrying out excavation on the next layer after the previous layer of support is finished, and circulating the steps until the excavation is finished.
Furthermore, the method also comprises the step of arranging a dewatering well at the bottom of the foundation pit before and during excavation of the foundation pit, and pumping and draining the underground water.
Furthermore, in the step B, the layering requirement is that the depth of each layer is 3-4 m.
Further, in the step B, the width of the step is not less than 3 m.
Furthermore, a digging material stockyard is arranged at the position far away from the edge of the side slope of the foundation pit, and a temporary construction road connected to the stockyard is arranged at the top of the slope.
Further, the distance between the storage yard and the side slope edge of the foundation pit is not less than 20 m.
Furthermore, in the excavation process, the number of the excavation equipment is not more than 4.
Further, 1.0m is adopted as the excavating equipment3And a backhoe as above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the technical scheme, only common excavating equipment and common transport vehicles are adopted, a natural stable slope ratio is adopted, only simple support is needed, the space of an excavation site is reasonably utilized, construction roads and excavation transit points of the excavating equipment are temporarily built on the slope surface of the foundation pit, excavation materials can be conveyed out of the foundation pit while a plurality of excavating equipment carry out alternative relay excavation, the construction cost is low, the technical problem that the existing deep foundation pit cannot be provided with transport roads due to limited excavation space is effectively solved, and construction is quick and convenient. Meanwhile, the step is arranged on the slope surface of the foundation pit, so that safety problems such as collapse of the slope surface during excavation can be effectively avoided, the regular monitoring of the deformation of the foundation pit also provides safety guarantee for the whole construction, and the method is particularly suitable for open cut engineering.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a typical floor plan of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a typical cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Reference is made to the accompanying drawings. The invention is suitable for occasions with limited excavation sites of deep foundation pits, and comprises the following steps:
step A, early preparation of foundation pit excavation. Before excavation, firstly, measuring and lofting to mark an excavation opening line 2, then arranging a water intercepting ditch 3 at the periphery of the excavation opening line, wherein the section of the water intercepting ditch is not smaller than 40cm x 40cm, and carrying out corresponding anti-seepage treatment 12 to prevent external water from entering a foundation pit. Meanwhile, foundation pit deformation monitoring points 16 should be arranged on the side slope 4, the monitoring points should be arranged at positions with deformation representativeness, such as the position near the top opening line of the side slope, the middle part of the side slope and the like, and the deformation condition is measured regularly in the construction period so as to ensure that the foundation pit side slope 4 is stable and the whole operation is carried out safely.
And step B, after early preparation is well carried out, slope setting and layered excavation are carried out according to the design slope ratio of 18 according to the actual condition of foundation pit excavation. Wherein the design slope ratio 18 may be selected by querying the relevant data for appropriate parameters. The depth of each layer is about 3-4 m, and the step 1 is arranged between each layer to improve the stability of the side slope so as to prevent the slope surface of the foundation pit from landslide and collapse. The width of the step 1 is not less than 3m, and the step can be used as a machine stop of excavating equipment.
And step C, directly excavating the earthwork with the height of 3-4 m at the upper part by adopting first excavating equipment 6, and transporting the earthwork by using a transport vehicle 10. The first excavation means 6 is located at the top of the pit and a excavation dump is located at a sufficient safe distance away from the edge of the pit slope 4, typically greater than 20 m. A temporary topsides construction road 11 connects the excavation stockyard and the working site of the first excavation means 6 to facilitate the carrying of excavation by the transport vehicle 10. Then, second excavating equipment 7, third excavating equipment 8 and fourth excavating equipment 9 are sequentially arranged on the slope surface at intervals along the slope surface at intervals of about 5 m height, the excavating equipment passes through a sidewalk 19, the width of the sidewalk 19 is not less than 2.8 m, and the slope ratio of the sidewalk is not more than 1: and 0.8, if the slope ratio of the side slope is lower than the preset value, the vehicle directly passes through the side slope. The distance of the excavation devices from each other is determined according to the working range of each excavation device, i.e., the range within which the excavation device can excavate in situ. Therefore, there may be a case where each excavating equipment is provided on the slope or a case where each individual one is just rested on the step. Digging transfer points 13, 14 and 15 are arranged among the digging devices, so that the digging materials which are relatively positioned below the digging devices and operated can be transferred to the digging transfer point above the digging devices, then the digging devices which are relatively positioned above the digging transfer points can transfer the digging materials on the digging transfer points to the upper-stage digging transfer point, and therefore the digging devices can finish digging in a mutual relay mode, and the digging materials can be finally transferred to a transport vehicle from the digging devices on the top of the slope to be transported out of the foundation pit. In the embodiment, the part below the effective working range of the first excavating equipment 6 is excavated by the second excavating equipment 7, the excavated materials are transferred to the middle excavating point 13 in the effective excavating range of the first excavating equipment 6, and the excavated materials are conveyed out by the first excavating equipment 6 in a relay manner; similarly, the part below the effective working range of the second excavating equipment 7 is excavated by the third excavating equipment 8, and excavating materials are transferred to a middle excavating material transfer point 14 in the effective range of the second excavating equipment 7; the part below the effective operation range of the third excavating equipment 8 is excavated by the fourth excavating equipment 9, and by analogy, the plurality of pieces of equipment are completed in a mutual relay manner, so that the problems that a transportation road needs to be built in the prior art and the like are solved.
Generally, it is not advisable to exceed 4 excavating equipment. Excavating equipment adopts 1.0m3And the backhoe excavator is characterized in that the transport vehicle is a wheel type transport vehicle with the length of 8t or more.
And D, performing simple supporting treatment after each layer of excavation is finished, performing excavation of the next layer after the previous layer of support is finished, and repeating the steps until the excavation is finished.
Particularly, in the step A before excavation and the step C in the excavation process, a dewatering well 17 needs to be arranged at the bottom of the foundation pit to pump and drain underground water in time so as to ensure the normal operation of construction.
It should be noted that the above describes exemplifying embodiments of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art, however, that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The earth excavation method for the deep foundation pit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. after the measurement lofting marks the excavation opening line, arranging a catch drain at the periphery of the actual excavation opening line and performing anti-seepage treatment; foundation pit deformation monitoring points are arranged around the slope tops of the foundation pits side slopes, and the foundation pit deformation condition is measured periodically in the construction excavation process;
B. placing slopes according to the designed slope ratio and layering according to the actual condition of foundation pit excavation, and arranging steps between every two layers;
C. excavating equipment is arranged on the slope surface and the top of the foundation pit, and the excavating equipment is distributed along the height of the slope surface; the effective working ranges of the two adjacent excavating equipment intersect, and a material excavating transfer point is arranged at the intersection, so that the excavating equipment which is relatively positioned at the lower part can send excavated materials in the working ranges to the material excavating transfer point, and the excavated materials are transferred and sent out by the relay of the excavating equipment which is relatively positioned at the upper part; thus, the excavating devices are mutually relayed to transport the excavated materials to the outside of the foundation pit and excavate the excavated materials layer by layer according to the designed slope ratio;
D. and (4) carrying out support treatment in time after each layer of excavation is finished, carrying out excavation on the next layer after the previous layer of support is finished, and circulating the steps until the excavation is finished.
2. The method of excavating a deep foundation pit according to claim 1, further comprising providing a dewatering well at the bottom of the pit before and during excavation of the pit to pump off groundwater.
3. The method for excavating the earth in the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the layering is required to be 3-4 m deep in each layer.
4. The earth excavation method for the deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein in the step B, the width of the step is not less than 3 m.
5. The earth excavation method of a deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein an excavation material stockyard is provided at a position away from the edge of the side slope of the foundation pit, and the top of the slope is provided with a temporary construction road connected to the stockyard.
6. The method for excavating earth in a deep foundation pit according to claim 5, wherein the distance from the storage yard to the side slope edge of the foundation pit is not less than 20 m.
7. The earth excavation method of a deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein during excavation, the number of excavation devices is not more than 4.
8. The earth excavation method of a deep foundation pit according to claim 1, wherein the excavation equipment adopts 1.0m3And a backhoe as above.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911092647.0A CN110924399A (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Deep foundation pit earthwork excavation method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911092647.0A CN110924399A (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Deep foundation pit earthwork excavation method |
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| CN110924399A true CN110924399A (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113718782A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-30 | 中国三冶集团有限公司 | Secondary excavation and support construction method for deep foundation pit |
Citations (4)
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| WO1994029532A1 (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1994-12-22 | Ballast Nedam Beton- En Waterbouw B.V. | Method for building a structure in the ground |
| CN102758441A (en) * | 2011-04-23 | 2012-10-31 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | Relay unearthing method and structure for deep foundation pit platform under reverse construction condition |
| CN104695445A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-06-10 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Basement earth excavation method adopting reverse construction method |
| CN106013165A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-10-12 | 程华清 | Container combined type foundation pit unearthing method |
-
2019
- 2019-11-11 CN CN201911092647.0A patent/CN110924399A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1994029532A1 (en) * | 1993-06-10 | 1994-12-22 | Ballast Nedam Beton- En Waterbouw B.V. | Method for building a structure in the ground |
| CN102758441A (en) * | 2011-04-23 | 2012-10-31 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | Relay unearthing method and structure for deep foundation pit platform under reverse construction condition |
| CN104695445A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-06-10 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Basement earth excavation method adopting reverse construction method |
| CN106013165A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-10-12 | 程华清 | Container combined type foundation pit unearthing method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 中铁二局股份有限公司: "《隧道及地铁工程 第2版》", 31 October 2013, 中国铁道出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113718782A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-30 | 中国三冶集团有限公司 | Secondary excavation and support construction method for deep foundation pit |
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Application publication date: 20200327 |