CN110923718A - Water-soluble fine polishing solution and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Water-soluble fine polishing solution and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
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Abstract
The invention aims to provide a water-soluble fine polishing solution which has good cutting force on metal products, particularly aluminum alloy and is easy to clean the surface after fine polishing and a preparation method thereof, and the water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25-45% of abrasive, 1-5% of polydextrose, 5-10% of polyhydroxy synthetic ester, 10-20% of erucic acid, 5-15% of saponifier and 15-50% of water. The invention adopts all water-soluble auxiliary materials to replace grease substances on the basis of keeping the performances of lubrication, brightness and the like, so that the polished surface is easy to clean, and the polishing liquid is suitable for fine polishing of aluminum alloy. The polishing performance of the water-soluble fine polishing solution is equivalent to that of the conventional liquid wax, but the water-soluble fine polishing solution can be cleaned only by soaking after polishing, and is suitable for fine polishing of metal workpieces with surfaces needing mirror polishing, so that the water-soluble fine polishing solution has high practical application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal surface treatment, relates to a water-soluble fine polishing solution, and particularly relates to a water-soluble fine polishing solution which has good cutting force on metal products such as aluminum alloy and the like and is easy to clean the surface after fine polishing and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to improve the smoothness and the smoothness of the surface of the metal or the metal product, the surface of the metal or the metal product is required to be polished during the processing process. The aluminum alloy product has special properties, so the aluminum alloy product has quite wide application and plays an extremely important role in the hardware market, and the aluminum alloy product needs to be polished in surface treatment, so that the aluminum alloy product has bright appearance, and the uniform and smooth surface can disperse, reduce the adsorption of corrosive media and improve the corrosion resistance. At the present stage, the metal part is mainly polished by solid wax, and a large amount of solid wax scale is remained on the surface of the metal part after polishing. Such wax scale is melted on the surface of the workpiece at high temperature, making the cleaning process at the rear end very difficult. At present, wax removal is usually carried out by means of auxiliary ultrasonic waves or spraying under the condition of high temperature, but the mode is also easy to scratch the surface of some mirror polish after finish polishing.
In view of the cleaning process and downstream processing, the current market trend for fine polishing of metal products is to replace the solid wax with a liquid wax that is easy to clean. Chinese patent CN 105200433a discloses a stainless steel liquid polishing wax and a preparation method thereof, the main components of the polishing wax are wax, fatty acid, emulsifier, surfactant, abrasive and the like, although the cleaning difficulty of the liquid wax is obviously reduced compared with solid wax, the components of the liquid wax still contain wax, grease and other substances which are not easy to clean, and the workpiece after fine polishing still needs to be cleaned by ultrasonic wave or spraying and other auxiliary external forces. Chinese patent CN104403572A discloses a liquid polishing wax and a preparation method thereof, the main components of the liquid polishing wax are stearic acid, liquid paraffin, brightening agent, emulsifier, alumina, etc., the liquid polishing wax also contains paraffin, stearic acid, etc., so that the rear end surface is not easy to clean.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art by using various water-soluble lubricating substances instead of conventional paraffin and grease substances, and aims to provide a water-soluble finishing polishing solution which has good cutting force on metal products, particularly aluminum alloy products, and is easy to clean the surface after finishing polishing and a preparation method thereof.
Based on the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:
the water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
preferably, the water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
preferably, the abrasive is one or more of silicon oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and diamond.
More preferably, the abrasive is one or more of alumina, chromium oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and diamond.
Further preferably, the abrasive is one or more of alumina, zirconia and diamond.
Preferably, the abrasive has a D50 particle size of between 0.1-0.3 μm.
Preferably, the saponifying agent is an alcohol amine saponifying agent.
More preferably, the saponifier is one or more of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1, 3-propanediol, N-methylethanolamine, dimethylethanolamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, butylethanolamine, and butylenediethanolamine.
Further preferably, the saponifier is one or more of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-amino-2-ethyl-1, 3-propanediol and triethanolamine.
In one embodiment of the invention, erucic acid and triethanolamine are reacted to generate corresponding water-soluble erucic acid triethanolamine soap, so that the downstream cleaning process is easier on the basis of improving the brightness performance of the water-soluble erucic acid triethanolamine soap. Compared with the single use of fatty acid, the fatty acid is easy to adsorb on the surface of the aluminum alloy, so that the surface glossiness of the aluminum alloy is not high, and the adsorption of the fatty acid on the surface of the aluminum alloy is reduced by adopting the erucic acid triethanolamine soap, so that the glossiness of the aluminum alloy polishing can be improved. Compared with the conventional oleylamine oleate soap, the erucamol amine soap has stronger carbon chains, so that the polishing brightness performance of the erucamol amine soap is better. In addition, the erucamol amine soap has extremely low foam, and the conventional oleic amine soap belongs to a high-foam surfactant, generates a large amount of foam in the polishing process, and is not suitable for polishing water-soluble liquid polishing wax.
Preferably, the polyhydroxy synthetic ester is a self-made product; the preparation method of the polyhydroxy synthetic ester comprises the following steps:
mixing pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, a catalyst and a water-carrying agent, heating, refluxing and distilling to obtain a solid substance;
and cleaning and recrystallizing the obtained solid substance to obtain the crystal, namely the polyhydroxy synthetic ester.
More preferably, the catalyst is one or more of sodium bisulfate, methyl benzene sulfonic acid and dicyclohexyl carbodiimide.
More preferably, the water-carrying agent is one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane and petroleum ether.
More preferably, the molar ratio of pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, catalyst and water-carrying agent is 1: 1: 0.1-0.5: 2-5.
More preferably, pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, catalyst and water-carrying agent are mixed and heated under reflux at 100-120 ℃ for 2-5 h.
More preferably, the distillation is carried out at 130 ℃ and 140 ℃. The purpose of this step is to evaporate off the water-carrying agent.
Specifically, the preparation method of the polyhydroxy synthetic ester comprises the following steps:
pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, a catalyst and a water-carrying agent are mixed according to a molar ratio of 1: 1: 0.1-0.5: 2-5, heating and refluxing for 2-5h at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, and distilling at the temperature of 130-140 ℃ to obtain a solid substance;
and washing the obtained solid substance for 2-3 times, and recrystallizing to obtain the crystal, namely the polyhydroxy synthetic ester.
The polyhydroxy synthetic ester adopted in the invention is obtained by esterification reaction of pentaerythritol and caprylic acid, wherein the molar ratio of the pentaerythritol to the caprylic acid is 1: 1. in the esterification reaction, only one hydroxyl in pentaerythritol molecule reacts with carboxyl in caprylic acid, so that the generated polyhydroxy synthetic ester contains ester group with good lubricity and three hydroxyls, so that the cleaning performance is maintained, the lubricating effect is excellent, and the abrasive can avoid micro scratches on the surface of the aluminum alloy in the process of leveling the surface of the aluminum alloy due to the good lubricating effect.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the water-soluble fine polishing solution, which comprises the following steps:
mixing the grinding material, polydextrose and water, stirring, adding polyhydroxy synthetic ester, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution I;
mixing erucic acid and a saponifying agent, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution II;
and adding the obtained mixed solution II into the obtained mixed solution I, and stirring to obtain the water-soluble fine polishing solution.
Preferably, the abrasive, the polydextrose and the water are added into a reaction kettle to be mixed, and stirred for 10-30min at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ and the stirring speed of 60-80 rpm.
Preferably, polyhydroxy synthetic ester is added and stirred for 10-30min to obtain a mixed solution I.
Preferably, the erucic acid and the saponifying agent are added into another reaction kettle to be mixed, and the mixture is stirred for 15 to 20min at the temperature of between 90 and 110 ℃ and the stirring speed is between 60 and 80rpm, so that a mixed solution II is obtained.
Preferably, the obtained mixed solution II is added into a reaction kettle filled with the obtained mixed solution I, and the mixture is stirred for 20-30min at the stirring speed of 60-80rpm, so that the water-soluble fine polishing solution is obtained.
Specifically, the preparation method of the water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following steps:
adding the grinding material, polydextrose and water into a reaction kettle according to the weight percentage, mixing, stirring at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ for 10-30min at the stirring speed of 60-80rpm, adding polyhydroxy synthetic ester, and stirring for 10-30min to obtain a mixed solution I;
adding erucic acid and saponifying agent into another reaction kettle, mixing, stirring at 90-110 deg.C for 15-20min at 60-80rpm to obtain mixed solution II;
and adding the obtained mixed solution II into a reaction kettle filled with the mixed solution I, and stirring for 20-30min at the stirring speed of 60-80rpm to obtain the water-soluble fine polishing solution.
At present, the main components of the conventional liquid polishing wax are grease and abrasive materials, and the liquid polishing wax consisting of the grease and the abrasive materials has good polishing effect, but the surface of a polished metal workpiece is not easy to clean, particularly, for the surface of an aluminum alloy mirror-finished after being polished, external force modes such as ultrasonic waves or spraying and the like are needed for auxiliary cleaning, but the auxiliary ultrasonic waves or spraying are easy to scratch a high-gloss surface, so that many conventional liquid polishing waxes are not suitable for the fine polishing of the aluminum alloy needing surface mirror finishing. The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts all water-soluble auxiliary materials to replace grease substances on the basis of keeping the performances of lubrication, brightness and the like, so that the polishing back surface of the polishing pad is easy to clean, and the polishing pad is suitable for fine polishing of metal products, particularly aluminum alloy products. Because the molecular structure of the polydextrose contains a plurality of hydroxyl groups, the aqueous solution of the polydextrose is mixed with the alumina to form a hydrophilic film on the surface of the polydextrose, and because the polydextrose is a high-molecular polymer, abrasive particles in the fine polishing solution can be effectively prevented from agglomerating, the surface of a metal workpiece is prevented from being scratched, and the stability of the fine polishing solution can be remarkably improved. Erucic acid and alcamine saponifying agents are adopted to react to generate corresponding water-soluble erucic acid alcamine soap, and on the basis of improving the glossiness of the surface polishing of the metal workpiece, the erucic acid amine soap foam is extremely low, so that the cleaning becomes easy. The polyhydroxy synthetic ester contains ester group with good lubricity and three hydroxyl groups, so that the polyhydroxy synthetic ester keeps good cleaning performance, has excellent lubricating effect and avoids the generation of micro scratches of the abrasive in the process of leveling the surface of a metal workpiece.
(2) The polishing performance of the water-soluble fine polishing solution is equivalent to that of the conventional liquid wax, but the water-soluble fine polishing solution can be completely cleaned only by soaking after polishing, and is suitable for the surface of a metal workpiece with the surface needing mirror polishing, particularly the surface of an aluminum alloy workpiece, so that the water-soluble fine polishing solution has high practical application value.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated by reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be a further limitation of the invention.
Example 1
A water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the polyhydroxy synthetic ester comprises the following steps:
(1) pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, sodium bisulfate and xylene are mixed according to a molar ratio of 1: 1: 0.3: 3 mixing, heating and refluxing for 3h at 110 ℃, and distilling at 135 ℃ to obtain a solid substance;
(2) and washing the obtained solid substance for 2 times, and recrystallizing to obtain the crystal, namely the polyhydroxy synthetic ester.
A preparation method of water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following steps:
(1) adding chromium oxide, polydextrose and water into a reaction kettle, mixing, stirring at 25 ℃ for 25min at the stirring speed of 70rpm, adding polyhydroxy synthetic ester, and stirring for 20min to obtain a mixed solution I;
(2) adding erucic acid and triethanolamine into another reaction kettle, mixing, and stirring at 100 ℃ for 15min at the stirring speed of 70rpm to obtain a mixed solution II;
(3) and adding the obtained mixed solution II into a reaction kettle filled with the mixed solution I, and stirring for 25min at the stirring speed of 70rpm to obtain the water-soluble fine polishing solution.
And (3) testing polishing and cleaning effects:
the test method comprises the following steps: selecting an aluminum alloy middle frame with consistent surface roughness after middle polishing, and polishing by using the obtained aluminum alloy fine polishing solution for 15 min; soaking the polished aluminum alloy middle frame in a de-waxing aqueous solution at about 60 ℃ for 5min, rinsing with pure water for 3 times, drying in a 120 ℃ oven for 30min, and naturally cooling for 40 min; the aluminum alloy middle frame was observed for residual liquid wax and tested for surface roughness, with the data shown in table 1.
Example 2
A water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the polyhydroxy synthetic ester comprises the following steps:
(1) pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, sodium bisulfate and xylene are mixed according to a molar ratio of 1: 1: 0.2: 3 mixing, heating and refluxing for 4h at 105 ℃, and distilling at 135 ℃ to obtain a solid substance;
(2) and washing the obtained solid substance for 2 times, and recrystallizing to obtain the crystal, namely the polyhydroxy synthetic ester.
A preparation method of water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following steps:
(1) adding cerium oxide, polydextrose and water into a reaction kettle, mixing, stirring at 20 ℃ for 25min at 75rpm, adding polyhydroxy synthetic ester, and stirring for 15min to obtain a mixed solution I;
(2) adding erucic acid and triethanolamine into another reaction kettle, mixing, and stirring at 98 ℃ for 16min at the stirring speed of 75rpm to obtain a mixed solution II;
(3) and adding the obtained mixed solution II into a reaction kettle filled with the mixed solution I, and stirring for 20min at the stirring speed of 75rpm to obtain the water-soluble fine polishing solution.
The polishing and cleaning effects of this example were measured in the same manner as example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
A water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the polyhydroxy synthetic ester comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, methyl benzene sulfonic acid and cyclohexane in a molar ratio of 1: 1: 0.2: 2 mixing, heating and refluxing for 2h at 120 ℃, and distilling at 135 ℃ to obtain a solid substance;
(2) and washing the obtained solid substance for 2 times, and recrystallizing to obtain the crystal, namely the polyhydroxy synthetic ester.
A preparation method of water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following steps:
(1) adding zirconium oxide, polydextrose and water into a reaction kettle, mixing, stirring at 30 ℃ for 25min at the stirring speed of 65rpm, adding polyhydroxy synthetic ester, and stirring for 25min to obtain a mixed solution I;
(2) adding erucic acid and triethanolamine into another reaction kettle, mixing, and stirring at 96 ℃ for 18min at the stirring speed of 65rpm to obtain a mixed solution II;
(3) and adding the obtained mixed solution II into a reaction kettle filled with the mixed solution I, and stirring for 30min at the stirring speed of 65rpm to obtain the water-soluble fine polishing solution.
The polishing and cleaning effects of this example were measured in the same manner as example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 4
A water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the polyhydroxy synthetic ester comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, methyl benzene sulfonic acid and toluene at a molar ratio of 1: 1: 0.3: 3 mixing, heating and refluxing for 3h at 110 ℃, and distilling at 135 ℃ to obtain a solid substance;
(2) and washing the obtained solid substance for 2 times, and recrystallizing to obtain the crystal, namely the polyhydroxy synthetic ester.
A preparation method of water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following steps:
(1) adding alumina, polydextrose and water into a reaction kettle, mixing, stirring at 35 ℃ for 25min at the stirring speed of 60rpm, adding polyhydroxy synthetic ester, and stirring for 30min to obtain a mixed solution I;
(2) adding erucic acid and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol into another reaction kettle, mixing, and stirring at 98 ℃ for 16min at a stirring speed of 60rpm to obtain a mixed solution II;
(3) and adding the obtained mixed solution II into a reaction kettle filled with the mixed solution I, and stirring for 30min at the stirring speed of 60rpm to obtain the water-soluble fine polishing solution.
The polishing and cleaning effects of this example were measured in the same manner as example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 5
A water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the polyhydroxy synthetic ester comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and toluene at a molar ratio of 1: 1: 0.4: 4 mixing, heating and refluxing for 2h at 120 ℃, and distilling at 135 ℃ to obtain a solid substance;
(2) and washing the obtained solid substance for 2 times, and recrystallizing to obtain the crystal, namely the polyhydroxy synthetic ester.
A preparation method of water-soluble fine polishing solution comprises the following steps:
(1) adding alumina, polydextrose and water into a reaction kettle, mixing, stirring at 25 ℃ for 25min at the stirring speed of 65rpm, adding polyhydroxy synthetic ester, and stirring for 20min to obtain a mixed solution I;
(2) adding erucic acid and 2-amino-2-ethyl-1, 3-propylene glycol into another reaction kettle, mixing, stirring for 15min at 105 ℃, and stirring at 65rpm to obtain a mixed solution II;
(3) and adding the obtained mixed solution II into a reaction kettle filled with the mixed solution I, and stirring for 25min at the stirring speed of 65rpm to obtain the water-soluble fine polishing solution.
The polishing and cleaning effects of this example were measured in the same manner as example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a prior art liquid polishing wax comprised of the following components by weight:
the polishing and cleaning effects of this comparative example were measured in the same manner as in example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a prior art liquid polishing wax comprised of the following components by weight:
the polishing and cleaning effects of this comparative example were measured in the same manner as in example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The water-soluble finishing polishing liquids prepared in examples 1 to 5 were subjected to a cleaning effect test with two kinds of liquid polishing waxes of the prior art, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 polishing and cleaning performance test and comparison table
| Cleaning effect test | Surface roughness/mum | Liquid polishing wax residue |
| Example 1 | 0.004 | Is free of |
| Example 2 | 0.005 | Is free of |
| Example 3 | 0.005 | Is free of |
| Example 4 | 0.004 | Is free of |
| Example 5 | 0.005 | Is free of |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.005 | Is provided with |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.006 | Is provided with |
As can be seen from Table 1, the surface roughness of examples 1-5 is substantially equivalent to that of comparative examples 1 and 2, but the surface after polishing can be completely cleaned only by soaking. Thus, it can be derived: the water-soluble fine polishing solution has polishing performance equivalent to that of the conventional liquid wax, but is easy to clean after polishing, and is suitable for fine polishing of metal workpieces with surfaces needing mirror polishing, especially aluminum alloy, so that the water-soluble fine polishing solution has high practical application value.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention. Insubstantial changes from the disclosed embodiments, variations from or substitutions to one or more other processes, or other insubstantial changes from the disclosed embodiments, as viewed in light of the above teachings, are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The water-soluble fine polishing solution is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight:
2. the water-soluble finishing polishing solution according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive is one or more of silicon oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, and diamond.
3. The water-soluble finishing polishing solution according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the abrasive has a D50 particle size of 0.1 to 0.3 μm.
4. The water-soluble finishing polish of claim 1, wherein said saponifying agent is an alcohol amine type saponifying agent.
5. The water-soluble polishing solution according to claim 1, wherein said polyhydroxy synthetic ester is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
mixing pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, a catalyst and a water-carrying agent, heating, refluxing and distilling to obtain a solid substance;
and cleaning and recrystallizing the obtained solid substance to obtain the crystal, namely the polyhydroxy synthetic ester.
6. The water-soluble finishing polishing solution according to claim 5, wherein the catalyst is one or more of sodium hydrogen sulfate, methylbenzenesulfonic acid, and dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.
7. The water-soluble finishing polishing solution according to claim 5, wherein the water-carrying agent is one or more of benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexane and petroleum ether.
8. The water-soluble finishing polishing solution according to claim 5, wherein the molar ratio of pentaerythritol, octanoic acid, catalyst and water-carrying agent is 1: 1: 0.1-0.5: 2-5.
9. The method for producing a water-soluble finishing polishing liquid according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
mixing the grinding material, polydextrose and water, stirring, adding polyhydroxy synthetic ester, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution I;
mixing erucic acid and a saponifying agent, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution II;
and adding the obtained mixed solution II into the obtained mixed solution I, and stirring to obtain the water-soluble fine polishing solution.
10. The preparation method of claim 9, wherein the erucic acid and the saponifying agent are added into another reaction kettle to be mixed, and the mixture is stirred for 15-20min at 90-110 ℃ and the stirring speed is 60-80rpm, so as to obtain a second mixed solution.
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| CN114807945A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-29 | 广东红日星实业有限公司 | Aluminum alloy fine polishing composition, fine polishing solution, and preparation method and application thereof |
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