CN110923514B - Smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method for die-casting aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method for die-casting aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110923514B CN110923514B CN201911188384.3A CN201911188384A CN110923514B CN 110923514 B CN110923514 B CN 110923514B CN 201911188384 A CN201911188384 A CN 201911188384A CN 110923514 B CN110923514 B CN 110923514B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method of die-casting aluminum alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: comprises the following steps; step one, preparing materials; step two, pretreatment in smelting; step three, smelting treatment; step four, the obtained alloy liquid is pressed and injected into a die casting piece on a die casting machine at an ultra-low speed of 0.1-0.2 m/s; step five, putting the obtained die casting into a heat treatment furnace for sectional type solution treatment: sixthly, putting the die casting after solid solution into water of 20-30 ℃ for cooling for 13-15s, and putting the die casting into a heat treatment furnace to be heated to the aging temperature of 160-180 ℃; and step seven, taking the die casting out of the furnace. The invention realizes the heat treatment of the die casting and simultaneously avoids the foaming deformation of the casting, has simple heat treatment and obvious effect, ensures the strength of the die casting aluminum alloy while improving the plasticity, can ensure that the die casting aluminum alloy eliminates the anisotropy of mechanical properties, improves the obdurability, reduces the internal stress and has strong comprehensive mechanical properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of die-casting aluminum alloys, in particular to a smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method for a die-casting aluminum alloy.
Background
Pressure casting is a method in which a liquid molten metal or a semi-liquid semi-solid metal is filled into a mold cavity at a high speed under a relatively high pressure, and the metal or alloy is solidified under pressure to form a casting. In order to obtain a high-strength and high-toughness casting, heat treatment is often combined, pressure casting is one of important means for producing aluminum alloy castings, and the method is suitable for producing thin-wall castings with complex shapes and clear outlines, and has the characteristics of compact casting structure, good mechanical property, high production efficiency and low mass production cost.
Due to the characteristic of high-speed jet flow of a die casting process, gas entrainment of a melt is easily caused, the gas content in a die casting is high, tiny air holes in the die casting expand during heat treatment to cause surface bubbling and even deformation, and the mechanical property of the die casting is obviously reduced and even the die casting is scrapped.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method for die-cast aluminum alloy, which aims to solve the problems that tiny air holes in a casting are expanded during heat treatment in the prior art to cause surface bubbling and even deformation, and the mechanical property of a die-cast part is obviously reduced and the casting is even scrapped.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method of die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps;
step one, preparing materials: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-3 parts of Si, 2-6 parts of Fe, 3-7 parts of Ca, 8-13 parts of Mn, 5-10 parts of Ti, 4-9 parts of Zn, 10-15 parts of Re and Al: 1100-1250 parts;
step two, smelting pretreatment: polishing the surface of the raw material to remove oxide skin and oil stain, and then cleaning and drying;
step three, smelting treatment:
s1, putting the raw materials into a smelting furnace, heating the raw materials from 20-30 ℃ to 700-750 ℃ until the raw materials are completely molten, and then preserving the heat for 2-3 h;
s2, controlling the temperature of the alloy liquid at 720-740 ℃, and refining in the following way: filling inert gas into the smelting furnace to degas for 3-5 minutes, and then adding a refining agent accounting for 0.2-0.4% of the mass of the alloy liquid to carry out refining treatment;
step four, the obtained alloy liquid is pressed and injected into a die casting piece on a die casting machine at an ultra-low speed of 0.1-0.2 m/s;
step five, putting the obtained die casting into a heat treatment furnace for sectional type solution treatment:
sixthly, putting the die casting after solid solution into water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for cooling for 13-15s, putting the die casting into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging temperature of 160-180 ℃, and keeping the aging temperature for 2.5-3.5 h;
and seventhly, taking out the die casting from the furnace, naturally ventilating and cooling, and then rapidly cooling by using an air cooler to obtain a finished product.
Preferably, in step three S1, the smelting furnace is evacuated to 0.03 to 0.05MPa during refining.
Preferably, in step three S2, the inert gas is argon or helium with a purity of 99% or more.
Preferably, in step three S2, the refining agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: NaCl: 30-40 parts of CaF2: 20-25 parts of Na2CO3: 15-20 parts of Na3AlF6: 12-18 parts of C2Cl6:10-15 parts of AlF3: 8-12 parts of MgCl2: 6-10 parts of NaF: 3-6 parts.
Preferably, in step five, the segmented solution treatment is:
a first stage: keeping the temperature at 60-80 deg.C for 15-30 min;
and a second stage: raising the temperature to 100-130 ℃ at the speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute and preserving the heat for 20-35 min;
a third stage: raising the temperature to 180-220 ℃ at the speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute and preserving the heat for 35-45 min;
a fourth stage: raising the temperature to 260-340 ℃ at the speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute and preserving the temperature for 45-55 min.
Preferably, in the seventh step, the natural ventilation cooling time is 30-50min, and the cooling temperature of the air conditioner is 3-6 ℃.
The smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method for the die-casting aluminum alloy has the beneficial effects that: the invention aims at the condition that the conventional die casting can not be subjected to heat treatment and the performance of the casting is improved, reduces the solid solution temperature of the die casting aluminum alloy, realizes the heat treatment of the die casting while avoiding the foaming deformation of the casting, has simple heat treatment and obvious effect, ensures the die casting aluminum alloy to be strong while improving the plasticity, can ensure the die casting aluminum alloy to eliminate the anisotropy of mechanical properties, improves the obdurability, reduces the internal stress, and has strong comprehensive mechanical properties, simple process flow and simple and convenient operation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method of die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps; step one, preparing materials: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of Si, 5 parts of Fe, 5 parts of Ca, 10 parts of Mn, 8 parts of Ti, 7 parts of Zn, 12 parts of Re and Al: 1150 parts; step two, smelting pretreatment: polishing the surface of the raw material to remove oxide skin and oil stain, and then cleaning and drying; step three, smelting treatment: s1, putting the raw materials into a smelting furnace, heating the raw materials from 25 ℃ to 720 ℃ until the raw materials are completely molten, preserving the heat for 2.5 hours, and vacuumizing the smelting furnace to 0.04MPa during refining; s2, controlling the temperature of the alloy liquid at 720 ℃, and refining the alloy liquid according to the following method: inert gas is filled into the smelting furnace for degassing for 4 minutes, the inert gas is argon with the purity of more than 99 percent, and refining agent accounting for 0.3 percent of the mass of the alloy liquid is added for refining treatment, wherein the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: NaCl: 35 parts of CaF2: 23 parts of Na2CO3: 18 portions of Na3AlF6: 15 parts of, C2Cl6: 14 parts of AlF3: 9 parts of MgCl2:8 parts of NaF: 5 parts of a mixture; step four, the obtained alloy liquid is injected on a die casting machine at an ultra-low speed of 0.15m/s to form a die casting; fifthly, putting the obtained die casting into a heat treatment furnace for sectional type solution treatment, wherein in the fifth step, the sectional type solution treatment is as follows: a first stage: keeping the temperature at 70 ℃ for 30 min; and a second stage: raising the temperature to 115 ℃ at a speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute, and keeping the temperature for 35 min; a third stage: raising the temperature to 200 ℃ at a speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute, and keeping the temperature for 45 min; a fourth stage: raising the temperature to 230 ℃ at the speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute and preserving the heat for 55 min; sixthly, putting the die casting subjected to solid solution into water at 25 ℃ for cooling for 13s, putting the die casting into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging temperature of 160 ℃, and aging and preserving heat for 2.5 h; step seven, taking out the die casting from the furnace, firstly naturally ventilating and cooling, and then usingAnd (4) rapidly cooling by an air conditioner to obtain a finished product, wherein the natural ventilation cooling time is 50min, and the cooling temperature of the air conditioner is 4 ℃.
Embodiment 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method of die-casting aluminum alloy comprises the following steps; step one, preparing materials: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of Si, 4 parts of Fe, 5 parts of Ca, 10 parts of Mn, 8 parts of Ti, 7 parts of Zn, 12 parts of Re and Al: 1250 parts; step two, smelting pretreatment: polishing the surface of the raw material to remove oxide skin and oil stain, and then cleaning and drying; step three, smelting treatment: s1, putting the raw materials into a smelting furnace, heating the raw materials from 28 ℃ to 750 ℃ until the raw materials are completely molten, preserving the heat for 2.2 hours, and vacuumizing the smelting furnace to 0.03MPa during refining; s2, controlling the temperature of the alloy liquid at 720 ℃, and refining the alloy liquid according to the following method: inert gas is filled into the smelting furnace for degassing for 5 minutes, the inert gas is helium with the purity of more than 99%, and a refining agent accounting for 0.2% of the mass of the alloy liquid is added for refining treatment, wherein the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: NaCl: 38 parts of CaF2: 23 parts of Na2CO3: 18 portions of Na3AlF6: 15 parts of, C2Cl6: 13 parts of AlF3:10 parts of MgCl2:8 parts of NaF: 5 parts of a mixture; step four, the obtained alloy liquid is injected on a die casting machine at an ultra-low speed of 0.1m/s to form a die casting; fifthly, putting the obtained die casting into a heat treatment furnace for sectional type solution treatment, wherein in the fifth step, the sectional type solution treatment is as follows: a first stage: keeping the temperature at 80 deg.C for 20 min; and a second stage: raising the temperature to 130 ℃ at a speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute and keeping the temperature for-0 min; a third stage: raising the temperature to 1220 ℃ at the speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute and preserving the temperature for 35 min; a fourth stage: raising the temperature to 340 ℃ at a speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute and preserving the heat for 45 min; sixthly, putting the die casting subjected to solid solution into water at the temperature of 20 ℃ for cooling for 15s, putting the die casting into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging temperature of 180 ℃, and aging and preserving heat for 2.5 h; step seven, taking out the die casting from the furnace, firstly cooling by natural ventilation, and then rapidly cooling by using an air cooler to obtain a finished product, wherein the natural ventilation cooling time isAnd (3) cooling the air conditioner for 50 min.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. A smelting low-temperature solution heat treatment method of die-casting aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps;
step one, preparing materials: the composition is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2 parts of Si, 5 parts of Fe, 5 parts of Ca, 10 parts of Mn, 8 parts of Ti, 7 parts of Zn, 12 parts of Re and Al: 1150 parts;
step two, smelting pretreatment: polishing the surface of the raw material to remove oxide skin and oil stain, and then cleaning and drying;
step three, smelting treatment: s1, putting the raw materials into a smelting furnace, heating the raw materials from 25 ℃ to 720 ℃ until the raw materials are completely molten, preserving the heat for 2.5 hours, and vacuumizing the smelting furnace to 0.04MPa during refining; s2, controlling the temperature of the alloy liquid at 720 ℃, and refining the alloy liquid according to the following method: inert gas is filled into the smelting furnace for degassing for 4 minutes, the inert gas is argon with the purity of more than 99 percent, and refining agent accounting for 0.3 percent of the mass of the alloy liquid is added for refining treatment, wherein the refining agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: NaCl: 35 parts of CaF2: 23 parts of Na2CO3: 18 portions of Na3AlF6: 15 parts of, C2Cl6: 14 parts of AlF3: 9 parts of MgCl2:8 parts of NaF: 5 parts of a mixture;
step four, the obtained alloy liquid is injected on a die casting machine at an ultra-low speed of 0.15m/s to form a die casting;
fifthly, putting the obtained die casting into a heat treatment furnace for sectional type solution treatment, wherein in the fifth step, the sectional type solution treatment is as follows: a first stage: keeping the temperature at 70 ℃ for 30 min; and a second stage: raising the temperature to 115 ℃ at a speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute, and keeping the temperature for 35 min; a third stage: raising the temperature to 200 ℃ at a speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute, and keeping the temperature for 45 min; a fourth stage: raising the temperature to 230 ℃ at the speed of raising the temperature by 5 ℃ per minute and preserving the heat for 55 min; sixthly, putting the die casting subjected to solid solution into water at 25 ℃ for cooling for 13s, putting the die casting into a heat treatment furnace, heating to the aging temperature of 160 ℃, and aging and preserving heat for 2.5 h; and seventhly, taking out the die casting from the furnace, naturally ventilating and cooling, and then rapidly cooling by using an air conditioner to obtain a finished product, wherein the natural ventilation cooling time is 50min, and the cooling temperature of the air conditioner is 4 ℃.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1171622A (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Aluminum alloy sheet for forming and its production |
| CN101087898A (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2007-12-12 | 联邦科学和工业研究组织 | Heat treatment of aluminium alloy high pressure die castings |
| CN106521378A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-03-22 | 东南大学 | Energy-saving efficient heat treatment method for aluminum, silicon and magnesium alloy die castings |
| CN107151754A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-09-12 | 中南大学 | A kind of pressure-resistant soluble cast aluminum base composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109154039A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2019-01-04 | 莱茵费尔登合金有限责任两合公司 | casting alloy |
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- 2019-11-28 CN CN201911188384.3A patent/CN110923514B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1171622A (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Aluminum alloy sheet for forming and its production |
| CN101087898A (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2007-12-12 | 联邦科学和工业研究组织 | Heat treatment of aluminium alloy high pressure die castings |
| CN109154039A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2019-01-04 | 莱茵费尔登合金有限责任两合公司 | casting alloy |
| CN106521378A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-03-22 | 东南大学 | Energy-saving efficient heat treatment method for aluminum, silicon and magnesium alloy die castings |
| CN107151754A (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2017-09-12 | 中南大学 | A kind of pressure-resistant soluble cast aluminum base composite material and preparation method thereof |
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