CN110922583A - 一种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法及其应用，为以聚乙二醇单甲醚和长链烷基胺为原料在二氧化硅和氧化铝的氨化反应得到聚乙二醇长链烷基胺，该方法操作简便，试剂廉价易得，绿色安全，高效环保，适用于工业化生产。护肤品中利用本发明制备的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺，其中的聚乙二醇片段可以充分吸收水分子，而长链烷基片段则产生隔离作用，降低水分的挥发速度，从而实现持久保湿功能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机合成、化妆品领域，具体涉及一种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
大多数的皮肤问题都是由于皮肤缺水引起的。当肌肤缺水时，细胞代谢、信息传递等受到影响，甚至出现障碍，导致如皮肤干燥、粗糙、失去光泽、弹性减低、皱纹增多或加深、色素增多等问题，甚至引起的皮肤屏障功能障碍，不但增加皮肤病的易感性，而且可诱或加重如干燥性皮炎、特应性皮炎、银屑病、鱼鳞病、痤疮以及脂溢性皮炎等等皮肤病。健康的皮肤角质层的含水量应保持在10％～20％，当角质层的含水量充足时，皮肤呈现出柔软、光滑、细嫩和富有弹性的状态，低于10％皮肤就会引发如上肌肤问题。
保湿是通过防止皮肤水分丢失和吸收外界环境的水分来达到使皮肤内含有一定水分。如采用矿油、硬脂酸酯、硅油等有一定的润滑作用的物质来阻止水分蒸发来达到保湿目的(CN104887595A)；采用甘油、丙二醇、乳酸、尿素、尿囊素等具有吸湿作用的物质从外界环境及皮肤深层吸收水分至角质层来达到保湿的目的(CN108434033A)；采用透明质酸、葡聚糖、神经酰胺等可以与水分子结合形成网状结构的物质来达到保湿的目的(CN106109265A)。但是上述保湿剂在使用时，有些在感官上过于油腻，有些成本较高。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在不足，本发明提供了一种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法及其应用。该物质中的聚乙二醇片段可以充分吸收水分子，而长链烷基片段则产生隔离作用，降低水分的挥发速度，从而实现保湿功能。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法，为以聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG)和长链烷基胺为原料在二氧化硅和氧化铝的氨化反应得到聚乙二醇长链烷基胺；
进一步的，所述聚乙二醇单甲醚选自分子量200-1000的聚乙二醇单甲醚中的一种或几种；聚乙二醇单甲醚优选自mPEG200，mPEG300，mPEG400，mPEG500，mPEG600，mPEG800，mPEG1000中的一种或几种；
进一步的，所述长链烷基胺(Alkyl-NH2)，其中Alkyl选自直链或者带有支链的含有6～30个碳的烷基；
进一步的，反应使用的二氧化硅与聚乙二醇单甲醚的物质的量质量比为0.2～0.5：1；
进一步的，反应使用的氧化铝与聚乙二醇单甲醚的物质的量质量比为1～1.5：1；
进一步的，所述反应的温度为160～200摄氏度，优选180摄氏度。
本发明还涉及该聚乙二醇长链烷基胺在护肤品中的应用，所述护肤品包括洗面奶、护肤水、乳液、精华液、面膜，可以延缓水分蒸发，起到持久保湿的效果。
本发明还涉及该聚乙二醇长链烷基胺在保鲜剂中的应用。
本发明还涉及一种含有聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的保鲜剂，所述保鲜剂含有聚乙二醇长链烷基胺和溶剂，所述溶剂包括水、食用甘油、食用酒精、丙二醇中的一种或几种，所述保鲜剂内还含有抗坏血酸。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明提供了一种制备聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的方法，该方法操作简便，试剂廉价易得，绿色安全，高效环保，适用于工业化生产。护肤品中利用本发明制备的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺，其中的聚乙二醇片段可以充分吸收水分子，而长链烷基片段则产生隔离作用，降低水分的挥发速度，从而实现持久保湿功能。
附图说明
图1为本发明合成路线示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
制备聚乙二醇十八烷基胺：
在500ml的高压反应釜中依次加入分子量1000的聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG1000)100克(0.1mol)、二氧化硅3克(0.05mol)，氧化铝10克(0.1mol)，十八烷基胺27克(0.1mol)，180摄氏度下反应36小时后，用水和乙酸乙酯萃取三次.除去水层，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥。用旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂，再用二氯甲烷萃取出产品后蒸除溶剂，得到111克聚乙二醇十八烷基胺，收率89％。
制备聚乙二醇十六烷基胺：
在500ml的高压反应釜中依次加入分子量500的聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG500)50克(0.1mol)、二氧化硅3克(0.05mol)，氧化铝10克(0.1mol)，十六烷基胺26克(0.1mol)，180摄氏度下反应36小时后，用水和乙酸乙酯萃取三次.除去水层，有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥。用旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂，再用二氯甲烷萃取出产品后蒸除溶剂，得到65克聚乙二醇十六烷基胺，收率88％。
实施例1：
将上述制备的两种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺与甘油、丁二醇、琼脂糖和羟乙基纤维素按重量比1：5：2：2：0.2配成组合保湿品，通过变换两种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺，可以得到两种组合保湿品A和保湿品B；其中保湿品A含有聚乙二醇十八烷基胺，保湿品B含有聚乙二醇十六烷基胺。另外，去除聚乙二醇长链烷基胺，以甘油、丁二醇、琼脂糖和羟乙基纤维素按重量比5：2：2：0.2配成组合保湿品C。取这3种保湿品进行对照实验，选择30名22-52岁的面部健康的女性，分成三组，清洗面部后，使用CK皮肤测试仪测试其使用前空白区域皮肤水分含量值。然后，第一组涂抹保湿品A，第二组涂抹保湿品B，第三组涂抹保湿品B。在面部使用受试样品后，在不同时间间隔点用CK皮肤测试仪测试皮肤水份含量，测试结果表面第一组经过24小时后受试者皮肤水分平均含量增加32.3％，第2组经过24小时后受试者皮肤水分平均含量增加28.7％，第3组经过24小时后受试者皮肤水分平均含量增加9.5％。这一结果表明，相比较于传统的护肤品，含有聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的护肤品有明显的优势。
实施例2：
将制备的聚乙二醇十八烷基胺与食用酒精、水按1：1：18配成保鲜剂A，将制备的聚乙二醇十六烷基胺与食用酒精、水按1：1：18配成保鲜剂B，将制备的聚乙二醇十六烷基胺与食用酒精、抗坏血酸、水按5：5：1：89配成保鲜剂C；
将同次捕获的新鲜大黄鱼分别使用保鲜剂A、保鲜剂B、保鲜剂C，浸泡30min后取出沥干，在常温(20±5℃)条件下保存，分别为第一组、第二组和第三组，同时将同次捕获进行冰鲜保藏的新鲜大黄鱼作为第四组，在保存的第20天对大黄鱼进行感官评价，评价标准如表1所示，得到的评价结果如表2所示。
表1感官评价标准
表2第20天各组大黄鱼的感官评价结果
| 组别 | 色泽 | 气味 | 鱼肉弹性 |
| 第一组 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| 第二组 | 5 | 4 | 4 |
| 第三组 | 5 | 5 | 4 |
| 第四组 | 2 | 2 | 1 |
从表2可以看出，采用本发明的保鲜剂对大黄鱼进行保鲜，在常温下的保存时间至少达到20天，说明本发明具有良好的护色、保鲜、保水及防腐性能，能在保证鱼类色泽、鲜度及形态不被破坏的前提下大大延长鱼类的保鲜时间。
所述实施例为本发明的优选的实施方式，但本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在不背离本发明的实质内容的情况下，本领域技术人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法，其特征在于，以聚乙二醇单甲醚(mPEG)和长链烷基胺为原料在二氧化硅和氧化铝的氨化反应下得到聚乙二醇长链烷基胺；
其中：所述聚乙二醇单甲醚选自分子量200-1000的聚乙二醇单甲醚中的一种或几种；
所述长链烷基胺(Alkyl-NH2)，其中Alkyl选自直链或者带有支链的含有6～30个碳的烷基。
2.如权利要求1所述的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法，其特征在于，聚乙二醇单甲醚选自mPEG200，mPEG300，mPEG400，mPEG500，mPEG600，mPEG800，mPEG1000中的一种或几种。
3.如权利要求1所述的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法，其特征在于，反应使用的二氧化硅与聚乙二醇单甲醚的物质的量质量比为0.2～0.5：1。
4.如权利要求1所述的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法，其特征在于，反应使用的氧化铝与聚乙二醇单甲醚的物质的量质量比为1～1.5：1。
5.如权利要求1所述的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法，其特征在于，所述反应的温度为160～200摄氏度。
6.如权利要求5所述的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的制备方法，其特征在于，所述反应的温度为180摄氏度。
7.一种权利要求1-6任意一项所述的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺在护肤品中的应用，其特征在于，护肤品包括洗面奶、护肤水、乳液、精华液、面膜。
8.一种权利要求1-6任意一项所述的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺在保鲜剂中的应用。
9.一种含有权利要求1-6任意一项所述的聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的保鲜剂，其特征在于，所述保鲜剂含有聚乙二醇长链烷基胺和溶剂，所述溶剂包括水、食用甘油、食用酒精、丙二醇中的一种或几种。
10.如权利要求9所述的含有聚乙二醇长链烷基胺的保鲜剂，其特征在于，所述保鲜剂内还含有抗坏血酸。
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