CN110922159A - Alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
The invention discloses an alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 54-60 parts of waste glass, 12-18 parts of waste brick powder, 5-10 parts of heavy metal and 18-22 parts of 3.5mol/L NaOH. According to the invention, NaOH is used as an alkali activator, waste glass and waste brick powder are adopted to adjust the composition of the silicon-aluminum phase content in the material, and the material is formed into a compact cross-linked structure by a sintering method so as to realize the solidification of heavy metal ions. The material prepared by the method has good light heat preservation characteristic, a large amount of industrial wastes such as waste glass, waste brick powder and the like are utilized in the production process, and a large amount of heavy metal ions can be solidified in a sintering mode, so that the aims of waste utilization, energy conservation and environmental protection are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to an alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The traditional industrial solid waste treatment mainly comprises land backfilling, burning and the like, thereby causing land resource waste and environmental pollution. The preparation of construction materials using industrial solid wastes is considered to be the safest method for solid waste disposal. Among them, the alkali-activated method for preparing building materials is one of the effective means for efficiently utilizing solid wastes. The alkali excitation method can fully utilize the active silicon dioxide, alumina and other oxides in the raw materials to enable the materials to form a compact amorphous gel structure.
At present, the industrial solid waste mainly comprises waste glass, red clay bricks, ceramics, fly ash, slag, steel slag, granulated blast furnace slag and the like, and the glass and the waste red bricks contain rich silicon dioxide and alumina components and are very suitable for being utilized by adopting an alkali excitation method. Because the solid-phase sintering mode is adopted in the process of preparing the material, the sintered material is compact, and is more suitable for solidifying some harmful heavy metal ions. From the above points, the method for curing heavy metal ions by using alkali-activated waste brick powder is a practical and environment-friendly important means.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
54-60 parts of waste glass, 12-18 parts of waste brick powder, 5-10 parts of heavy metal and 18-22 parts of 3.5mol/L NaOH solution.
The content of silicon dioxide in the waste glass is more than or equal to 70 percent, and the average grain diameter is less than or equal to 50 mu m.
The waste brick powder contains more than or equal to 50 percent of silicon dioxide, more than or equal to 10 percent of aluminum oxide and less than or equal to 80 mu m of average grain diameter.
The heavy metal is in a dry powder state, and the average particle size of the heavy metal is less than or equal to 80 mu m.
The 3.5mol/L NaOH solution is prepared by adopting chemical analysis pure-grade NaOH.
The preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light heat-insulating material comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing 54-60 parts of waste glass, 12-18 parts of waste brick powder and 5-10 parts of heavy metal, dry-mixing in a stirrer, and slowly stirring at the speed of 100r/min for 2-3 min; then, 18-22 parts of 3.5mol/L NaOH solution is quickly poured into a stirrer, slowly stirred for 2min at the speed of 100r/min, quickly stirred for 3min at the speed of 300r/min, and then the prepared slurry is poured into a mold and maintained for 3-4 h under the conditions of the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 30 ℃; and finally, demolding the cured test block, heating to 750-850 ℃ in a heating box, sintering and keeping for 1 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the invention relates to a method for solidifying heavy metal ions and preparing a light heat-insulating material by alkali-activated waste brick powder, which takes 3.5mol/L NaOH as an alkali activator, adopts waste glass and waste brick powder to adjust the composition of silicon-aluminum phase content in the material, forms a compact cross-linked structure by a sintering method to further realize the solidification of the heavy metal ions, and can improve the solidification efficiency of the heavy metal ions by optimizing the mix proportion parameters.
2. The preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material has controllability. The proportion of waste brick powder, waste glass and an alkali activator NaOH adopted in raw materials influences the content of free water and chemically bound water in a prepared test block, when the prepared test block is sintered at the temperature of 750-850 ℃, the free water and the chemically bound water in a product can be discharged, so that a large amount of pore structures are generated in the test block, and the characteristics of the pore structures (pore diameter, pore state and porosity) of the materials are closely related to the proportion of the raw materials. Therefore, the preparation control of the pore structure (aperture, pore state and porosity) of the material can be realized by adopting the raw material proportion optimization and control, so that the matching relation between the pore structure state and the thermal insulation performance is improved.
3. The alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light-weight thermal insulation material is low in cost and environment-friendly due to the fact that solid wastes such as waste glass and waste brick powder are adopted.
4. The invention has simple preparation process and lower sintering temperature, and can reduce energy consumption.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific examples, which are defined by the claims. In addition, any modification or change that can be easily made by a person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the technical solution of the present invention will fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Example 1:
the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light-weight thermal insulation material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
54kg of waste glass, 18kg of waste brick powder, 10kg of lead and chromium containing heavy metal dry powder and 22kg of 3.5mol/L NaOH solution.
The waste glass described in this example had a silica content of 70% and an average particle diameter of 45 μm.
In the waste brick powder described in this example, the content of silica is 60%, the content of alumina is 12%, and the average particle size is 60 μm.
The heavy metal in this example is in a dry powder state and has an average particle size of 62.5 μm.
The 3.5mol/L NaOH solution described in this example was prepared using chemical analytical grade NaOH.
The preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder-solidified heavy metal ion light heat-insulating material in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing 54kg of waste glass, 18kg of waste brick powder and 10kg of lead-and chromium-containing heavy metal dry powder, and dry-mixing in a stirrer at a speed of 100r/min for 2-3 min; 22kg of 3.5mol/L NaOH are then poured rapidly into the stirrer and stirred slowly at 100r/min for 2min and then rapidly at 300r/min for 3 min. And secondly, pouring the prepared slurry into a mold and curing for 3-4 hours at the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 30 ℃. And finally, demolding the cured test block, heating to 750-850 ℃ in a heating box, and keeping for 1 h.
According to the preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material, the total porosity of the prepared light thermal insulation material can reach 60%, the maximum pore diameter is 120 mu m, and the thermal conductivity is 0.18W/m.k.
Example 2:
the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light-weight thermal insulation material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
60kg of waste glass, 12kg of waste brick powder, 5kg of zinc and cobalt containing heavy metal dry powder and 18kg of 3.5mol/L NaOH solution.
The waste glass described in this example had a silica content of 73% and an average particle size of 41 μm.
In the waste brick powder described in this example, the silica content was 62%, the alumina content was 13%, and the average particle size was 58 μm.
The heavy metal described in this example is in a dry powder state and has an average particle size of 6.5 μm.
The rest is the same as example 1.
The preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder-solidified heavy metal ion light-weight thermal insulation material is the same as that in example 1.
According to the preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material, the total porosity of the prepared light thermal insulation material can reach 45%, the maximum pore diameter is 113 mu m, and the thermal conductivity is 0.23W/m.k.
Example 3:
the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light-weight thermal insulation material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
56kg of waste glass, 15kg of waste brick powder, 8kg of manganese and cadmium-containing heavy metal dry powder and 20kg of 3.5mol/L NaOH solution.
The waste glass described in this example had a silica content of 75% and an average particle size of 44 μm.
In the waste brick powder described in this example, the silica content was 61%, the alumina content was 11%, and the average particle size was 59 μm.
The heavy metal described in this example is in a dry powder state and has an average particle size of 60.0 μm.
The rest is the same as example 1.
The preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder-solidified heavy metal ion light-weight thermal insulation material is the same as that in example 1.
According to the preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material, the total porosity of the prepared light thermal insulation material can reach 57.6%, the largest pore diameter is 115 mu m, and the thermal conductivity is 0.19W/m.k.
Claims (6)
1. The alkali-activated waste brick powder solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
54-60 parts of waste glass, 12-18 parts of waste brick powder, 5-10 parts of heavy metal and 18-22 parts of 3.5mol/L NaOH solution.
2. The alkali-activated waste brick powder-solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the content of silicon dioxide in the waste glass is more than or equal to 70 percent, and the average grain diameter is less than or equal to 50 mu m.
3. The alkali-activated waste brick powder-solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waste brick powder contains more than or equal to 50 percent of silicon dioxide, more than or equal to 10 percent of aluminum oxide and less than or equal to 80 mu m of average grain diameter.
4. The alkali-activated waste brick powder-solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the heavy metal is in a dry powder state, and the average particle size of the heavy metal is less than or equal to 80 mu m.
5. The alkali-activated waste brick powder-solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the 3.5mol/L NaOH solution is prepared by adopting chemical analysis pure-grade NaOH.
6. The preparation method of the alkali-activated waste brick powder-solidified heavy metal ion light thermal insulation material as claimed in claims 1-5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, weighing 54-60 parts of waste glass, 12-18 parts of waste brick powder and 5-10 parts of heavy metal, dry-mixing in a stirrer, and slowly stirring at the speed of 100r/min for 2-3 min; then, 18-22 parts of 3.5mol/L NaOH solution is quickly poured into a stirrer, slowly stirred for 2min at the speed of 100r/min, quickly stirred for 3min at the speed of 300r/min, and then the prepared slurry is poured into a mold and maintained for 3-4 h under the conditions of the humidity of 95% and the temperature of 30 ℃; and finally, demolding the cured test block, heating to 750-850 ℃ in a heating box, sintering and keeping for 1 h.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111620712A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-04 | 广西科技大学 | Method for producing regenerated sintered shale perforated brick by using waste sintered brick |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111620712A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-04 | 广西科技大学 | Method for producing regenerated sintered shale perforated brick by using waste sintered brick |
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