CN110918601A

CN110918601A - Jet steam type hot knife

Info

Publication number: CN110918601A
Application number: CN201911149188.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭策; 宋志军
Original assignee: Baoding Zhuoyuan Hydraulic Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Baoding Zhuoyuan Hydraulic Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-11-21
Filing date: 2019-11-21
Publication date: 2020-03-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-21
Also published as: CN110918601B

Abstract

The invention discloses a jet steam type hot knife which comprises a knife head, a knife body and a heating coil, wherein a groove is formed in the top end of the knife body, and the lower end of the knife head is fixed in the groove through a fastening screw; the heating coil is arranged around the periphery of the cutter body and close to the cutter head; under the recess, the inside steam passageway of having seted up of cutter body, the both ends of steam passageway are steam inlet, have seted up a plurality of steam spouts on the length direction of the recess both sides inner wall on cutter body top, and steam spout and steam passageway intercommunication. This application adopts the hot sword of injection steam formula, carries out the meticulous separation with glass among the crystalline silicon solar cell and other subassemblies to do not destroy the structure of glass board, separation rate is high, and glass's complete rate is high, EVA glued membrane residual rate is low, can carry out reutilization to the solar glass board, the huge contribution that has to solar cell industry, environment and economic benefits.

Description

Jet steam type hot knife

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of solar cell panel recovery, in particular to a jet steam type hot knife.

Background

The service life of the solar panel can reach 25 years generally, the material of the solar panel can age gradually along with the increase of time and the influence of environment, the power of the solar panel can be attenuated by 30% when the solar panel works for 20 years, the power can be attenuated by 70% when the solar panel works for 25 years, and the utilization value is almost lost.

According to data, the components and contents of the battery plate are as follows: 70% of glass, 10% of aluminum, 10% of adhesive sealant, 5% of silicon and the other 5%. By 2030, the discarded photovoltaic modules in our country can produce 110 ten thousand tons of glass, 54 ten thousand tons of plastic, 17 ten thousand tons of copper, 26 ten thousand tons of aluminum, 5 ten thousand tons of silicon, and 0.055 ten thousand tons of silver. From the data, the crystalline silicon solar cells which are scrapped in the future have non-small and non-huge resource values, and the method has practical significance for recycling the waste solar panels.

At present, the technology of disassembling and processing the battery board is many, and the technology mainly comprises: physical treatment methods (mechanical treatment methods, heat treatment methods), chemical treatment methods (organic solvent dissolution methods, inorganic acid-base dissolution methods), and treatment methods combining physical and chemical methods are all very immature, easily cause damage to glass plates and the like, and cannot fully realize secondary utilization of resources. The realization of effective separation and harmless treatment of each part of the assembly is an urgent problem to be solved.

The solar cell panel mainly comprises glass, EVA, silicon chips and a back plate, wherein the solar cell panel is laid according to the structural sequence of the glass-EVA-crystalline silicon cell panel-EVA-back plate, the glass-EVA-crystalline silicon cell panel-EVA-back plate is placed into a laminating machine, air in the module is pumped out through vacuumizing, then the EVA is melted by heating to about 150 ℃ to bond the cell, the glass and the back plate together, the cell, the glass and the back plate are solidified for a period of time, and the solar module can be obtained after cooling.

In order to ensure the efficiency and the service life of the cell panel, research personnel repeatedly optimize the light transmittance and the reflectivity of toughened glass, the currently adopted glass is toughened glass with low iron content and an ultra-white suede surface, also called rolled glass, and the surface of the glass contacted with the EVA is a 'cloth-grain-shaped' rough surface, so that the reflection of light rays is reduced, and the bonding strength with the EVA film is also increased; in order to improve the bonding strength, people add adhesion promoter, modify the EVA adhesive film and the like, so that the heat resistance, moisture resistance, aging resistance and bonding strength are greatly improved.

The recycling of the solar cell panel is actually the 'inverse' process of the production of the solar cell panel, and the difficulty of separating glass in the 'inverse' process is just increased, and the EVA film on the solar cell panel cannot be completely stripped off by a common cutter, so that the recycling effect of the solar cell panel is seriously influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a jet steam type hot knife, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and finely separates glass in a crystalline silicon solar panel from other components to realize secondary utilization of the glass.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

the invention provides a jet steam type hot knife which comprises a knife head, a knife body and a heating coil, wherein a groove is formed in the top end of the knife body, and the lower end of the knife head is fixed in the groove through a fastening screw; the heating coil is arranged around the periphery of the cutter body and close to the cutter head;

the steam knife is characterized in that a steam channel is formed in the knife body below the groove, two ends of the steam channel are steam inlets, a plurality of upper steam nozzles are formed in the length direction of the inner walls of the two sides of the groove in the top end of the knife body, and the steam nozzles are communicated with the steam channel.

Preferably, the steam channel is a channel with a diameter gradually reduced from two ends to the middle.

Preferably, the lower end of the cutter body is provided with a threaded hole, and the cutter body is fixedly mounted through a matched bolt.

Preferably, the heating coil is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction coil.

Preferably, the steam nozzle is in a trumpet shape, and the width of the upper end of the steam nozzle is larger than that of the lower end of the steam nozzle.

Preferably, the steam channel is arranged in parallel along the length direction of the cutter body, and the direction of the steam nozzle is perpendicular to the direction of the steam channel.

Preferably, the distance between adjacent steam vents is 50-150 mm.

Preferably, the cutting edge angle of the cutter head is 40-45 degrees.

The invention discloses the following technical effects: aiming at the interface form of the crystalline silicon solar panel, the method adopts a physical mechanical treatment method, a hot knife is used for separating the crystalline silicon solar panel, the hot knife is heated by combining a high-frequency electromagnetic induction coil in the separation process, steam is sprayed at the position of a knife head, the interface between the glass panel and an EVA film is filled with the steam, a three-phase interface is formed, the interface property is changed, the separation lubrication is realized, the adhesion of the glass panel and the EVA film is prevented, a certain kinetic energy is provided for assisting the knife head to perform the separation work, and the separation of the glass panel and the EVA film is promoted; the water vapor is used as a green lubricant, compared with an oily lubricating substance, the wear of the cutter is reduced, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, and the environment-friendly and energy-saving effects are achieved; the invention can finely separate the glass in the crystalline silicon solar cell from other components without damaging the structure of the glass plate, has high separation rate, high perfection rate of the glass and low residual rate of the EVA adhesive film, can be used for secondary utilization of the solar glass plate, and contributes greatly to the industry, environment and economic benefit of the solar cell.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cutter body according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a right side view of the knife body of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the angular configuration of the cutting head of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a velocity vector diagram of a simulation experiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cloud graph of simulated experimental velocities according to the present invention.

Wherein 111 is a cutter head, 112 is a cutter body, 113 is a steam inlet, 114 is a steam channel, 115 is a steam nozzle, 116 is a heating coil, and 117 is a fastening screw.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

The invention provides a jet steam type hot knife which comprises a knife head 111, a knife body 112 and a heating coil 116, wherein the top end of the knife body 112 is provided with a groove, and the lower end of the knife head 111 is fixed in the groove through a fastening screw 117; the heating coil 116 is arranged around the periphery of the cutter body 112 and close to the cutter head 111; the heating coil 116 is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction coil, and heats the temperature of the hot knife 11 to 130 ℃ ± 5 ℃. The lower end of the cutter body 112 is provided with a threaded hole, and the cutter body 112 is fixedly mounted through a matched bolt. The cutting edge angle of the cutting head 111 is 40-45 deg..

Under the groove, a steam channel 114 is formed in the cutter body 112, steam inlets 113 are formed in two ends of the steam channel 114, a plurality of upper steam nozzles 115 are formed in the length direction of the inner walls of the two sides of the groove in the top end of the cutter body 112, the steam nozzles 115 are communicated with the steam channel 114, the steam channel is arranged in parallel along the length direction of the cutter body, the direction of each steam nozzle 115 is perpendicular to the direction of the steam channel 114, the distance between every two adjacent steam nozzles 115 is 50-150mm, the optimal value is 100mm, and the number of the steam nozzles is reduced while the steam can well complete the separation task. The steam channel 114 is a channel with a diameter gradually reduced from two ends to the middle, namely the steam channel 114 has a certain taper, the taper theta is 1.5 degrees +/-0.5 degrees, and the pressure of the steam sprayed out of each steam nozzle 115 is ensured to be the same.

The steam nozzle 115 is trumpet-shaped, and the width of the upper end of the steam nozzle is larger than that of the lower end of the steam nozzle; the diameter of the lower end of the steam nozzle 115 is 3-6mm, and the trumpet-shaped nozzle of the steam nozzle 115 is a diffusion port of 90 degrees, so that the steam can be sprayed between the cutter head and the EVA adhesive film in a wider range.

In the conventional size of 1970 +/-10 multiplied by 990 +/-10 (mm)²) The cell plate of (b) is taken as an example, and the main parameters of the cutter body 112 are as follows: the length L is 1100mm, and the two sides are provided with margins; the taper theta of the steam channel 114 is 1.0 DEG, and the diameter phi 1 of the steam channel is 6 mm; the aperture phi 2 of the steam nozzle is 4 mm; the distance between the adjacent steam nozzles is 100 mm; the temperature of the sprayed steam is controlled to be 135 +/-5 ℃, and the saturated steam pressure is controlled to be 0.32 +/-0.02 MPa.

The main parameters of the tool tip 111:

as shown in FIG. 6, the bottom surface of the glass plate is defined as an X-plane, the direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the glass plate is defined as a Y-plane, and the following angles are determined based on the X-plane and the Y-plane.

The back angle α is 1 degree, the knife edge angle β is 45 degrees, and the front angle gamma is 44 degrees.

The heating coil 116 is wound by a phi 6 copper tube, converts electric energy into heat energy by high-frequency electromagnetic induction to heat the hot knife, and conducts the heat energy to the knife tip, so that the separation of the glass and the EVA adhesive film is realized. The temperature of the hot knife is controlled to be about 130 +/-5 ℃, and the separation effect is optimal at the moment.

When the battery panel moves to the position of the hot knife, the heating coil 116 heats the hot knife, the temperature of the hot knife is controlled to be about 130 +/-5 ℃, the hot knife head 111 moves towards the battery panel to contact with the glass surface after the edge is opened and applies pressure, the reaction force of the separation positioning roller right above the hot knife keeps the reference plane of the battery panel unchanged, the hot knife head 111 keeps still below the glass and moves relative to the glass plate moving at a constant speed to cut and separate the waste material layer, meanwhile, steam is sprayed at the knife head part to fill the interface between the glass plate and the EVA film with water steam, a three-phase interface is formed, the interface property is changed, the adhesion of the glass plate and the EVA film is prevented while the separation lubrication is realized, and certain kinetic energy is provided to assist the knife head to separate and work, so that the separation of the glass plate and the EVA film is promoted; as a green lubricant, compared with an oily lubricating substance, the water vapor reduces the abrasion of the cutter, prolongs the service life of the cutter, and is environment-friendly and energy-saving.

Utilize Fluent CFD software, to the major structure of hot sword verifies and visual data analysis, through the structural layout of simulation hot sword, has obtained steam from steam spout blowout back, and the form of steam air current blowout and diffusion can be seen at steam spout to 150mm department air current relatively even to have certain kinetic energy and assist the tool bit and carry out separation work, required power when having reduced the separation.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims

1. The jet steam type hot knife is characterized by comprising a knife head (111), a knife body (112) and a heating coil (116), wherein a groove is formed in the top end of the knife body (112), and the lower end of the knife head (111) is fixed in the groove through a fastening screw (117); the heating coil (116) is arranged around the periphery of the cutter body (112) and close to the cutter head (111);

below the groove, a steam channel (114) is formed in the cutter body (112), steam inlets (113) are formed in two ends of the steam channel (114), a plurality of upper steam nozzles (115) are formed in the length direction of the inner walls of the two sides of the groove in the top end of the cutter body (112), and the steam nozzles (115) are communicated with the steam channel (114).

2. The jet steam hot knife of claim 1, further comprising: the steam channel (114) is a channel with the diameter gradually reduced from two ends to the middle.

3. The jet steam hot knife of claim 1, further comprising: the lower end of the cutter body (112) is provided with a threaded hole, and the cutter body (112) is fixedly installed through a matched bolt.

4. The jet steam hot knife of claim 1, further comprising: the heating coil (116) is a high-frequency electromagnetic induction coil.

5. The jet steam hot knife of claim 1, further comprising: the steam nozzle (115) is in a horn shape, and the width of the upper end of the steam nozzle is larger than that of the lower end of the steam nozzle.

6. The jet steam hot knife of claim 1, further comprising: the steam channel is arranged in parallel along the length direction of the cutter body, and the direction of the steam nozzle (115) is vertical to the direction of the steam channel (114).

7. The jet steam hot knife of claim 1, further comprising: the distance between the adjacent steam nozzles (115) is 50-150 mm.

8. The jet steam hot knife of claim 1, further comprising: the cutting edge angle of the cutter head (111) is 40-45 degrees.