CN110908419B - Thermoelectric refrigeration and moisture permeable film combined temperature and humidity control system - Google Patents
Thermoelectric refrigeration and moisture permeable film combined temperature and humidity control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110908419B CN110908419B CN201911067385.2A CN201911067385A CN110908419B CN 110908419 B CN110908419 B CN 110908419B CN 201911067385 A CN201911067385 A CN 201911067385A CN 110908419 B CN110908419 B CN 110908419B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation combined temperature and humidity control system, which aims at providing accurate, rapid and stable temperature and humidity control for microenvironment scenes with special temperature and humidity requirements, such as biological incubators, food storage cabinets, cultural relic display tables and the like. According to the temperature demand, this system carries out cold, hot junction switch to thermoelectric module through changing the electric current direction to carry out temperature control to the air in the microenvironment, its simple structure does not consume the refrigerant, does not need high-speed moving part, and the noise is little. The combined temperature and humidity control mode fully utilizes the cold and heat loads of the thermoelectric module, prepares hot water or cold water while controlling the temperature of the air, provides mass transfer driving force for the humidity treatment of the membrane module, and humidifies or dehumidifies the air through the moisture permeable membrane to realize the humidity control. The non-contact humidity processing mode can effectively avoid the condition that liquid drops are carried by airflow, and ensures that the air quality is not influenced by water quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation combined temperature and humidity control system.
Background
In the biological and medical fields, incubators have been an important technical device to provide a suitable microenvironment for cultivation objects such as plants, animals, and microorganisms. In recent years, with the development of agricultural technology, the cultivation modes of many crops with high added values are continuously improved, from outdoor cultivation to greenhouse cultivation, and then to the cultivation in a more refined incubator, so that the dependence on atmospheric climate is thoroughly eliminated. Generally, among the factors of the microenvironment of the incubator, the most important are the temperature and humidity, which can be precisely and stably controlled in relation to the growth situation of the incubation object. In addition, in the food industry, the storage of a plurality of foods (such as red wine and tea) has certain requirements on temperature and humidity, and in the field of cultural relic protection, the accurate control of the temperature and the humidity is more related to the safety of the cultural relics, and the like. In a word, the temperature and humidity control box in the microenvironment mode has a huge application prospect, and provides high requirements for accurate temperature and humidity control.
In contrast, temperature control is easy, the simplest way of heating is electric heating, and cooling is a mature technology, such as a vapor compression refrigeration technology used in household air conditioners and refrigerators, but noise of a compressor is a problem. Thermoelectric refrigeration (also called semiconductor refrigeration) is a refrigeration mode which does not depend on moving parts, only direct current needs to be introduced to generate a refrigeration effect, heat is absorbed from the outside through a low-temperature cold end face, meanwhile, a high-temperature hot end face is formed on the other side and releases heat to the outside, and the cold end face and the hot end face can be switched by changing the current direction. Therefore, the thermoelectric refrigeration can provide temperature rise control and temperature drop control, and the structure is very simple and has no noise.
Humidity control is more difficult than temperature control. At present, most of the so-called humidity control can only realize humidification actually, and a spray atomization (CN201720361620.7) or wet curtain humidification (CN201710221827.9) mode is mostly adopted, and the direct contact type humidification mode inevitably has the problem of liquid drop entrainment, so that the air quality is inevitably affected by the water quality; moreover, even if the droplets are fine, they are liable to coagulate when they encounter a nodule, and they aggregate into droplets visible to the naked eye, which may be disadvantageous for cultivating or storing the object; furthermore, uncertainty in gas-liquid interface can also lead to instability in humidity control. The prior art is rarely concerned with active dehumidification control. Jidong Happy (CN201820662770.6) proposed absorbing water vapor with quicklime to achieve air dehumidification, but this approach is not sustainable. Liu Han Shi et al (CN201810398407.2) disclose "a plant cell culture aseptic drying apparatus", which propose to dry the cultured object by air drying, but there is a premise that the air must be dry and hot, and although the humidity control requirement can be met, the temperature cannot be taken into consideration.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation combined temperature and humidity control system, which utilizes the characteristic that one end of a thermoelectric module is used for refrigerating and the other end of the thermoelectric module is used for heating, and switches the electrifying direction to switch the cold end surface and the hot end surface of the thermoelectric module, so that the temperature of air can be controlled by utilizing one end surface according to the temperature requirement; meanwhile, the heat load or the cold load at the other end of the thermoelectric module is used for preparing hot water or cold water, so that mass transfer driving force is provided for humidity treatment of the membrane module, and air is humidified or dehumidified through the moisture-permeable membrane.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme. The invention relates to a thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation combined temperature and humidity control system, which comprises: the thermoelectric module, a first water receiver, a first water pump, a first three-way valve, a membrane module, a first coil radiator, a first tee joint, a second water receiver, a second water pump, a second three-way valve, a gas-water heat exchanger, a second coil radiator, a second tee joint and a fan.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the thermoelectric module generates a cooling effect after the direct current is introduced, one end of the thermoelectric module absorbs heat to obtain a cold end face, the other end of the thermoelectric module emits heat to obtain a hot end face, and the cold end face and the hot end face are exchanged when the current direction is changed. The thermoelectric module does not directly exchange heat with air, but passes through a first circulating water flow path and a second circulating water flow path in the middle, wherein the membrane module is arranged on the first circulating water flow path, and the gas-water heat exchanger is arranged on the second circulating water flow path.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the temperature control of the air mainly depends on a gas-water heat exchanger, and the power of heat transfer is derived from the temperature difference between the air and the water.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the humidity control of the air is completely dependent on the membrane module, the power of the mass transfer of the water vapor comes from the partial pressure of the water vapor (water partial pressure for short) difference between the air and the water on two sides of the membrane, the water partial pressure of the air is determined by the air humidity, the higher the humidity is, the higher the water partial pressure of the air is, the water partial pressure of the water is determined by the water temperature, and the higher the water temperature is, the higher the water partial pressure of the water is. When the water temperature is higher, a mass transfer potential difference from water to the air direction is formed, water vapor migrates to the air side through the membrane, and the air is humidified; when the water temperature is low, a mass transfer potential difference in the direction from the air to the water is formed, the water vapor migrates to the water side through the membrane, and the air is dehumidified. Heat transfer between the water and air also occurs due to the thermal conductivity of the membrane itself, and therefore the membrane module also assumes a portion of the temperature control.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the thermoelectric module is electrified in the forward direction, the circulating water of the first circulating water flow path is heated by the hot end face, is sent to the membrane component by the first water pump, and performs heat and mass transfer with the air on the other side of the membrane, and the air is humidified and heated to a certain temperature under the action of the forward mass transfer potential difference. Meanwhile, the circulating water of the second circulating water flow path is cooled by the cold end face and is sent to the gas-water heat exchanger by the second water pump. The humidified air enters the air-water heat exchanger and is cooled by cold water of the second circulating water flow path until the temperature is required.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the humidification mode, the hot water in the first circulation water flow path transfers latent heat to the air due to the progress of mass transfer in addition to sensible heat to the air, and thus the temperature of the hot water is significantly decreased.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the thermoelectric module is electrified reversely, the cold end surface and the hot end surface are exchanged, the circulating water of the first circulating water flow path is cooled by the cold end surface, is sent to the membrane component by the first water pump, and performs heat and mass transfer with the air on the other side of the membrane, and under the action of the reverse mass transfer potential difference, the air is dehumidified and is cooled to a certain temperature. Meanwhile, the circulating water of the second circulating water flow path is heated by the hot end face and is sent to the gas-water heat exchanger by the second water pump. The dehumidified air enters the air-water heat exchanger and is heated by the hot water in the second circulating water flow path until the temperature is required.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, in the dehumidification condition, the cold water of the first circulation water flow path absorbs the latent heat of the air due to the progress of the mass transfer in addition to the sensible heat of the air, and thus the temperature of the cold water is significantly increased.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the water flow entering the membrane module is adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the first three-way valve so as to adjust the mass transfer capacity of the membrane module, thereby controlling the air humidity; the water flow entering the gas-water heat exchanger is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the second three-way valve so as to adjust the heat transfer capacity of the gas-water heat exchanger and control the air temperature. The air temperature is accurately adjusted to the target value by using a gas-water heat exchanger, and the temperature and humidity combined control is completed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the membrane module and the gas-water heat exchanger respectively bear part of cold/heat load of respective loops, the rest cold/heat load is processed by a first coil radiator and a second coil radiator, and both coil radiators exchange heat with the environment by means of natural convection.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first reservoir and the second reservoir are adapted to buffer the effects of thermal expansion and contraction due to temperature changes, while the first reservoir is further adapted to buffer the changes in the amount of water in the loop due to humidification or dehumidification for the first circulating water flow path.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the combined temperature and humidity control mode of thermoelectric refrigeration and membrane moisture permeation fully utilizes the cold and heat loads of the thermoelectric module, creates conditions for humidity control while controlling temperature, does not need additional energy to establish mass transfer driving force required by humidification or dehumidification, and has good energy-saving effect; the non-contact membrane humidification/dehumidification mode ensures that the air quality is not influenced by water quality, and the accuracy and the stability of the humidity control process are also ensured by a stable gas-liquid interface formed by the membrane; the temperature control and the humidity control are combined and relatively independent, temperature and humidity decoupling control is realized to a certain extent, and various required temperature and humidity working conditions can be quickly and accurately obtained.
According to one aspect of the invention, a combined temperature and humidity control system of thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation is provided, which is characterized by comprising: thermoelectric module, first water receiver, first water pump, first three-way valve, membrane module, first coil pipe radiator, first tee bend, second water receiver, second water pump, second three-way valve, gas-water heat exchanger, second coil pipe radiator, second tee bend, fan, wherein: the thermoelectric module is provided with a first end face and a second end face, the first end face of the thermoelectric module, a first water storage device, a first water pump, a first three-way valve, a membrane assembly, a first coil radiator and a first three-way valve are included in a first circulating water flow path, flow distribution between the membrane assembly and the first coil radiator is adjusted by the first three-way valve, the second end face of the thermoelectric module, a second water storage device, a second water pump, a second three-way valve, a gas-water heat exchanger, a second coil radiator and a second three-way valve are included in a second circulating water flow path, flow distribution between the gas-water heat exchanger and the second coil radiator is adjusted by the second three-way valve, air to be processed is sent into a system by a fan, enters a target area after being subjected to temperature and humidity processing through the membrane assembly and the gas-water heat exchanger, when the thermoelectric module is powered on in the forward direction, the first end face heats and the second end face refrigerates, correspondingly, the first circulating water flow path is heated by the first end face, and the second circulating water flow path is cooled by the second end face; when the thermoelectric module is electrified reversely, the first end face refrigerates and the second end face heats, correspondingly, the first circulating water flow path is cooled by the first end face, the second circulating water flow path is heated by the second end face, a membrane adopted by the membrane component has selective permeability to water vapor, the water vapor is allowed to permeate, air is prevented from permeating, the water and the air respectively flow at two sides of the membrane, the water vapor is subjected to transmembrane transmission under the pushing of mass transfer potential difference at two sides of the membrane, and can be transmitted from the air side to the water side, namely dehumidification, and can also be transmitted from the water side to the air side, namely humidification.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a combined thermo-electric refrigeration and film strike-through temperature and humidity control system according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a membrane module according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for combining thermoelectric refrigeration and membrane moisture permeation technologies, switching the power-on direction of a thermoelectric module according to the requirement of temperature control to realize heating or cooling function, and based on the characteristic of one end of the thermoelectric module for refrigerating and the other end for heating, while controlling the temperature by using the cold/heat load at one end of the thermoelectric module, fully using the heat/cold load at the other end thereof to create a mass transfer potential difference for a membrane module made of a moisture permeable membrane, and driving water vapor to perform mass transfer across the membrane, so as to achieve the purpose of humidification or dehumidification, and realize humidity control. The non-contact humidity control mode can effectively avoid the problem of liquid drop entrainment, ensure that the air quality is not influenced by the water quality, and ensure the accuracy and the stability of the humidity control process by taking the membrane as a determined and constant gas-liquid interface.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation combined temperature and humidity control system of the present invention comprises: the thermoelectric module comprises a thermoelectric module 1, a first water storage device 2, a first water pump 3, a first three-way valve 4, a membrane assembly 5, a first coil radiator 6, a first tee joint 7, a second water storage device 8, a second water pump 9, a second three-way valve 10, a gas-water heat exchanger 11, a second coil radiator 12, a second tee joint 13 and a fan 14. Wherein, the first water reservoir 2, the first water pump 3, the first three-way valve 4, the membrane module 5, the first coil radiator 6 and the first three-way valve 7 are positioned on the first circulating water flow path L1, and the water temperature is controlled by the first end surface 1A of the thermoelectric module 1; the second water storage device 8, the second water pump 9, the second three-way valve 10, the gas-water heat exchanger 11, the second coil radiator 12 and the second three-way valve 13 are positioned on the second circulating water flow path L2, and the water temperature is controlled by the second end face 1B of the thermoelectric module 1. Air from the environment is introduced into the system by a fan 14.
Circulating water of the first circulating water flow path L1 leaves the first end face 1A of the thermoelectric module 1, enters the first water storage 2, is sucked out by the first water pump 3, is divided into two paths at the first three-way valve 4, one path enters the membrane module 5 to control the humidity of air, the other path enters the first coil radiator 6 to exchange heat with the environment, and the two paths converge at the first three-way valve 7 and return to the first end face 1A to complete a cycle.
Circulating water of the second circulating water flow path L2 leaves the second end face 1B of the thermoelectric module 1, enters the second water reservoir 8, is sucked out by the second water pump 9, is divided into two paths at the second three-way valve 10, one path enters the air-water heat exchanger 11 to control the temperature of air, the other path enters the second coil radiator 12 to exchange heat with the environment, and the two paths converge at the second three-way valve 13 and return to the second end face 1B to complete a cycle.
When the thermoelectric module 1 is energized in the forward direction, the first end face 1A becomes a hot end face, the circulating water in the first circulating water flow path L1 is heated, a forward mass transfer potential difference is formed in the membrane module 5, water vapor is driven to evaporate from water, the water vapor migrates to the air side through the membrane, air is humidified, and the air is heated to a certain temperature due to sensible heat transfer; meanwhile, the second end face 1B becomes a cold end face, and the circulating water in the second circulating water flow path L2 is cooled and enters the gas-water heat exchanger 11 to cool the air to a desired temperature.
When the thermoelectric module 1 is energized reversely, the first end face 1A becomes a cold end face, the circulating water in the first circulating water flow path L1 is cooled, a reverse mass transfer potential difference is formed in the membrane module 5, the water vapor is driven to migrate from the air side to the water side through the membrane for condensation, the air is dehumidified, and is cooled to a certain temperature due to sensible heat transfer; meanwhile, the second end face 1B becomes a hot end face, and the circulating water in the second circulating water flow path L2 is heated and enters the gas-water heat exchanger 11 to heat the air to a desired temperature.
The opening degree of the first three-way valve 4 is adjusted, and the water flow of the membrane component 5 is changed, so that the mass transfer capacity of the membrane component 5 is controlled, and the accurate control of humidity is realized. Since the membrane module 5 can cause temperature change while performing humidity processing on the air, the humidity is a priority control object, and when performing humidity control, it is not necessary to consider what level the air temperature in the membrane module 5 can be processed to, and the precise control of the temperature is handed over to the subsequent link. Specifically, the second three-way valve 10 is adjusted to change the water flow of the gas-water heat exchanger 11, so that the heat transfer capacity of the gas-water heat exchanger 11 is controlled, and the accurate control of the temperature is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, as a key heat and mass transfer component in the combined temperature and humidity control system of thermoelectric refrigeration and membrane moisture permeation of the present invention, a membrane module 5 includes: 5-1 parts of membrane, 5-2 parts of shell, 5-3 parts of inlet water end socket, 5-4 parts of outlet water end socket, 5-5 parts of inlet water end socket, 5-6 parts of outlet water end socket, 5-7 parts of inlet water connector, 5-8 parts of outlet water connector, 5-9 parts of inlet air connector and 5-10 parts of outlet air connector.
The membrane 5-1 is a tubular structure, water flows in the tube side space inside the tube, air flows in the shell side space outside the tube, and heat and moisture transfer between the water and the air is performed through the membrane. Water flows into the membrane module 5 from the inlet water connectors 5-7, is distributed into each membrane by the inlet water heads 5-5, finally is collected to the outlet water heads 5-6, and flows out from the outlet water connectors 5-8. Air flows into the membrane modules 5 from the inlet air connections 5-9 and finally out of the outlet air connections 5-10.
The above is only a specific application example of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited in any way. All the technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A temperature and humidity control system is united with moisture permeation to thermoelectric refrigeration and membrane, its characterized in that includes: a thermoelectric module (1), a first water storage device (2), a first water pump (3), a first three-way valve (4), a membrane assembly (5), a first coil radiator (6), a first three-way valve (7), a second water storage device (8), a second water pump (9), a second three-way valve (10), a gas-water heat exchanger (11), a second coil radiator (12), a second three-way valve (13) and a fan (14),
wherein:
the thermoelectric module (1) has a first end face (1A) and a second end face (1B),
a first end face (1A) of a thermoelectric module (1) and a first water reservoir (2), a first water pump (3), a first three-way valve (4), a membrane module (5), a first coil radiator (6), a first three-way valve (7) are included in a first circulating water flow path (L1), flow distribution between the membrane module (5) and the first coil radiator (6) is regulated by the first three-way valve (4),
a second end face (1B) of the thermoelectric module (1), a second water receiver (8), a second water pump (9), a second three-way valve (10), a gas-water heat exchanger (11), a second coil radiator (12) and a second three-way valve (13) are included in a second circulating water flow path (L2), the flow distribution between the gas-water heat exchanger (11) and the second coil radiator (12) is adjusted by the second three-way valve (10),
air to be treated is sent into the system by a fan (14), enters a target area after being subjected to humiture treatment by a membrane component (5) and an air-water heat exchanger (11),
when the thermoelectric module (1) is energized in the forward direction, the first end face (1A) heats and the second end face (1B) cools, and accordingly, the first circulating water flow path (L1) is heated by the first end face (1A) and the second circulating water flow path (L2) is cooled by the second end face (1B),
when the thermoelectric module (1) is energized in the reverse direction, the first end face (1A) cools and the second end face (1B) heats, and accordingly, the first circulating water flow path (L1) is cooled by the first end face (1A) and the second circulating water flow path (L2) is heated by the second end face (1B),
the membrane adopted by the membrane component (5) has selective permeability to water vapor, allows the water vapor to permeate and prevents air from permeating, water and air respectively flow on two sides of the membrane, the water vapor is transmitted across the membrane under the pushing of mass transfer potential difference on the two sides of the membrane, the moisture is removed when the water vapor is transmitted from the air side to the water side, and the moisture is humidified when the water vapor is transmitted from the water side to the air side.
2. The combined humiture control system for thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the humidifying working condition, the thermoelectric module (1) is electrified in the positive direction, air is humidified to the required humidity by hot water in the first circulating water flow path (L1) in the membrane module (5) and is heated at the same time, and then the air enters the gas-water heat exchanger (11) to be cooled to the required temperature by cold water in the second circulating water flow path (L2).
3. The combined humiture control system for thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the dehumidification working condition, the thermoelectric module (1) is electrified reversely, air is dehumidified to the required humidity by cold water in the first circulating water flow path (L1) in the membrane component (5) and is cooled at the same time, and then the air enters the gas-water heat exchanger (11) to be heated to the required temperature by hot water in the second circulating water flow path (L2).
4. The combined humiture control system for thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air humidity is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the first three-way valve (4), when the humidification or dehumidification amount needs to be increased, the water flow flowing into the membrane component (5) is increased to improve the mass transfer capacity of the water vapor, and when the humidification or dehumidification amount needs to be reduced, the water flow flowing into the membrane component (5) is reduced to reduce the mass transfer capacity of the water vapor.
5. The combined humiture control system for thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air temperature is controlled by adjusting the opening of the second three-way valve (10), when the heating or cooling amount needs to be increased, the water flow rate flowing into the gas-water heat exchanger (11) is increased to improve the heat transfer capacity, and when the heating or cooling amount needs to be decreased, the water flow rate flowing into the gas-water heat exchanger (11) is decreased to reduce the heat transfer capacity.
6. The combined humiture control system for thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the membrane module (5) bears part of the heat load of the first end face (1A), the rest heat load is borne by the first coil radiator (6),
the gas-water heat exchanger (11) bears the heat load of the end face of the part 1B, the rest heat load is borne by the second coil radiator (12),
the first coil radiator (6) and the second coil radiator (12) exchange heat with the environment by means of natural convection, and energy is not consumed.
7. The combined humiture control system for thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: along with the operating mode changes, the circulating water temperature can change correspondingly, the first water receiver (2) and the second water receiver (8) have the effect of buffering the circulating water volume change caused by the expansion and contraction effect, and for the first circulating water flow path (L1), the first water receiver (2) can also buffer the loop water volume change caused by humidification or dehumidification.
8. The combined humiture control system for thermoelectric refrigeration and film moisture permeation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the membrane component (5) comprises a tubular membrane (5-1) filled in a shell (5-2), two ends of the membrane (5-1) are respectively supported and fixed by an inlet water seal head (5-3) and an outlet water seal head (5-4), so that the flow space in the membrane component (5) is divided into two parts, namely a tube side, namely the inside of the membrane tube, and a shell side, namely the outside of the membrane tube,
water flows into the inlet water end (5-5) from the inlet water connector (5-7), then is divided into parts to enter each membrane, flows at the side of the pipe, finally is collected at the outlet water end (5-6) and flows out from the outlet water connector (5-8); meanwhile, air flows in from the inlet air connector (5-9), flows on the shell side, performs heat and mass transfer with water on the tube side, and finally flows out from the outlet air connector (5-10).
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