CN110905765A - Compressed air energy storage system for efficiently utilizing low-grade heat energy and coupling gas turbine - Google Patents
Compressed air energy storage system for efficiently utilizing low-grade heat energy and coupling gas turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110905765A CN110905765A CN201911180394.2A CN201911180394A CN110905765A CN 110905765 A CN110905765 A CN 110905765A CN 201911180394 A CN201911180394 A CN 201911180394A CN 110905765 A CN110905765 A CN 110905765A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
- F04B35/006—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for driven by steam engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy storage system for efficiently utilizing low-grade heat energy and coupling a gas turbine. By adding the low-grade heat energy input unit, the low-grade heat source is used for heating the temperature of the air inlet in the energy storage compressor unit, the outlet temperature of the compressor is increased, the low-grade heat energy is converted into high-grade heat energy for utilization, and the high-efficiency utilization of the low-grade energy is realized. The high-temperature heat energy utilization unit of the gas turbine is coupled in the existing compressed air energy storage unit, the air inlet temperature of the gas turbine is improved through heat exchange, the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine is fully utilized through the heat regenerator, the power consumption of the gas turbine is reduced, and the cascade utilization of the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine is realized. In addition, the invention enables the exhaust of the expansion machine to be close to normal temperature by releasing the heat in the energy storage process, realizes zero-fire emission and further improves the energy utilization rate of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage, in particular to an energy storage system for efficiently utilizing low-grade heat energy and coupling a gas turbine, and the energy storage system for the compressed air can realize the efficient utilization of the low-grade heat energy, improve the system efficiency and realize the cascade utilization of the waste heat of the gas turbine.
Background
The sustainable development of energy and environmental problems is the basis of national economic development, and the solution of the energy and environmental problems in the power industry is an important component for ensuring the sustainable development of the economy of China. The electric energy storage is one of key technologies for adjusting the energy structure of China, developing renewable energy sources on a large scale and improving energy safety, and the research of the large-scale energy storage technology has important theoretical and practical values.
The existing energy storage system has the characteristics of pumped storage, compressed air energy storage, fuel cells and the like, and the pumped storage and the compressed air energy storage have the characteristics of high energy storage density, high output power and the like, and are utilized on a large scale. However, the pumped storage power station has to build a dam, so that the water consumption is large and the ecology is damaged to a certain extent. The compressed air energy storage system does not consume water, basically has no influence on the ecological environment, has the advantages of low initial investment cost, high efficiency, no toxicity, long service life and the like, and has a great development prospect. In addition, the utilization rate of low-grade heat sources such as industrial waste heat is low at present, the fuel consumption of a gas turbine is high, the efficiency is low, and the gradient utilization rate of energy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a compressed air energy storage system which efficiently utilizes low-grade heat energy and is coupled with a gas turbine, realizes the efficient utilization of the low-grade energy by adding a low-grade heat energy input unit in the prior compressed air energy storage unit and heating the air before entering the inlet of an energy storage compressor unit by utilizing the low-grade heat energy, combines the compressed air energy storage system with the gas turbine by coupling a high-temperature heat energy utilization unit of the gas turbine in the prior compressed air energy storage unit, improves the air inlet temperature of the gas turbine through heat exchange, reduces the fuel consumption of the gas turbine by fully utilizing the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine through arranging a heat regenerator, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system and realizes the cascade utilization of the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine, and the invention is a coupled energy storage system which can realize the efficient utilization of the low-grade heat energy, the system has the characteristics of energy conservation, high efficiency and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the technical purpose is as follows:
a compressed air energy storage system for efficiently utilizing low-grade heat energy and coupling a gas turbine comprises a low-grade heat energy input unit, a compressed air energy storage unit and a gas turbine high-temperature heat energy utilization unit, wherein the compressed air energy storage unit comprises an energy storage compressor unit, an energy storage expansion unit and a high-pressure air storage chamber, a low-pressure air inlet pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with the atmosphere, a high-pressure air outlet pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber, a high-pressure air inlet pipeline of the energy storage expansion unit is communicated with an air outlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber, and the compressed air energy storage system is characterized in,
the low-grade heat energy input unit comprises a low-temperature heat storage device and a first heat exchanger, wherein the low-temperature heat storage device is provided with a heat storage material and a structure for introducing low-grade heat energy, the low-temperature heat storage device is also provided with a heat exchange coil, the hot side of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the heat exchange coil in the low-temperature heat storage device through a pipeline to form a low-temperature heat energy circulation loop, and the cold side of the first heat exchanger is arranged on a low-pressure air inlet pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit;
-said gas turbine high temperature thermal energy utilization unit comprising a gas turbine compressor, a gas turbine combustor, a gas turbine, a second heat exchanger, a recuperator and a high temperature thermal storage device, wherein,
a high-pressure exhaust pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber after sequentially passing through the hot side of the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchange coil of the high-temperature heat storage device,
the air inlet of the gas turbine compressor is communicated with the atmosphere, the exhaust port of the gas turbine compressor is communicated with the air inlet of the gas turbine combustion chamber after sequentially passing through the cold side of the heat regenerator and the cold side of the second heat exchanger through pipelines, a bypass pipeline is led out from the cold side inlet pipeline or the cold side outlet pipeline of the second heat exchanger, the bypass pipeline is communicated with the air inlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber after passing through the second heat exchange coil of the high-temperature heat storage device, at least one control valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline, at least one pressure regulating valve is arranged on the communication pipeline between the second heat exchange coil of the high-temperature heat storage device and the air inlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber,
and a high-temperature gas outlet of the gas turbine combustion chamber sequentially passes through the gas turbine and the hot side of the second heat exchanger through pipelines and is communicated with the atmospheric environment.
In the compressed air energy storage system for efficiently utilizing low-grade heat energy and coupling the gas turbine, the first heat exchanger is arranged on the low-pressure air inlet pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit of the compressed air energy storage unit, and the first heat exchanger is utilized to exchange heat with the low-temperature heat storage device to absorb the heat of a low-grade heat source, so that the air entering the energy storage compressor unit is heated, and the compression efficiency of the energy storage compressor unit is improved.
In the compressed air energy storage system which efficiently utilizes low-grade heat energy and is coupled with the gas turbine, the second heat exchanger is arranged on the air inlet pipeline of the gas turbine combustor, and the second heat exchanger is utilized to exchange heat with high-temperature and high-pressure compressed air discharged from the energy storage compressor set, so that the air inlet temperature of the gas turbine combustor is increased, the combustion efficiency of the combustor is improved, and meanwhile, the temperature of the stored air entering the high-temperature heat storage device and further the temperature of the stored air entering the high-pressure air storage chamber is reduced.
In the compressed air energy storage system which efficiently utilizes low-grade heat energy and is coupled with the gas turbine, the bypass pipeline is arranged on the inlet pipeline or the outlet pipeline at the hot side of the second heat exchanger, and part of high-temperature and high-pressure air in the bypass pipeline is pumped into the high-pressure air storage chamber to store more electricity consumption valley electric energy.
Preferably, the system further comprises an electric motor, and an output shaft of the electric motor is in transmission connection with the first power input end of the energy storage compressor unit.
Further, the electric energy of the motor is from one or more combinations of wind power generation, solar power generation, power grid and the like.
Preferably, the gas turbine comprises at least two power output shafts, wherein a first power output shaft is in transmission connection with a power input end of the gas turbine compressor, a second power output shaft is in transmission connection with a second power input end of the energy storage compressor unit through a clutch, and the clutch is connected with the compressor and the gas turbine in the compressed air energy storage system and used for outputting electric energy and storing electric energy to the outside of the air system.
Preferably, the first power output shaft of the gas turbine and the power output shaft of the energy storage expansion unit are respectively connected with a generator in a transmission manner.
Preferably, the low-grade heat energy in the low-grade heat energy input unit is from solar low-temperature heat storage, industrial waste heat, seasonal heat storage and the like.
Preferably, the heat storage materials arranged in the low-temperature heat storage device and the high-temperature heat storage device can be working media such as water and soil.
Preferably, the energy storage air compressor unit and the energy storage expansion unit are one or a combination of a plurality of piston type, centrifugal type, axial flow type, screw type or rotor type.
Preferably, the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the heat regenerator are one or a combination of a plurality of shell-and-tube regenerators, plate-fin regenerators, plate-plate regenerators, spiral tube regenerators, sleeve-type regenerators, plate-shell regenerators, tube-fin regenerators and heat tube regenerators.
The invention relates to a compressed air energy storage system for efficiently utilizing low-grade heat energy and coupling a gas turbine, which has the working principle that:
during energy storage, air enters the energy storage compressor unit after absorbing low-grade heat energy in the first heat exchanger, the energy storage compressor unit is driven by redundant electric energy to compress the air to a high-temperature high-pressure state, the compressed high-temperature high-pressure gas releases heat in the second heat exchanger to heat air flow introduced into the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, and the cooled air is cooled again in the high-temperature heat storage device and finally stored in the high-pressure air storage chamber in a normal-temperature high-pressure mode. Meanwhile, in the high-temperature utilization unit of the gas turbine, after air is pressurized by a compressor of the gas turbine, compressed air is preheated by a heat regenerator, and then is subjected to heat exchange with high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by an energy storage compressor unit in a second heat exchanger, and then is further heated, enters a combustion chamber to be mixed with fuel for combustion, and is expanded to apply work. The flue gas after burning and doing work enters a heat regenerator to preheat the air entering a compressor of the gas turbine.
When releasing energy, the gas in the high-pressure gas storage chamber is heated by the high-temperature heat storage device and then is conveyed to the energy storage expansion machine to do work through expansion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the system is based on the existing compressed air energy storage system, the low-grade heat energy input unit is added, the low-grade heat energy is used for heating air before entering the inlet of the energy storage compressor unit, the efficient utilization of the low-grade energy is realized, the compressed air energy storage unit is combined with the gas turbine, the temperature of the air inlet of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine is improved through heat exchange, the fuel consumption of the gas turbine is reduced, the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine is fully utilized through the heat regenerator, the energy utilization efficiency of the system is improved, and the cascade utilization of the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air energy storage system for efficient use of low-grade heat energy coupled with a gas turbine according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a compressed air energy storage system of the present invention that efficiently utilizes low-grade heat energy and is coupled to a gas turbine. As shown in figure 1, the system is provided with a low-grade heat energy input unit and a gas turbine high-temperature heat energy utilization unit in a coupling mode on the basis of the existing compressed air energy storage unit. The compressed air energy storage unit comprises an energy storage compressor unit 3, an energy storage expansion unit 15 and a high-pressure air storage chamber 13. The low-grade heat energy input unit comprises a low-temperature heat storage device TS1 and a first heat exchanger H1. The gas turbine high-temperature heat energy utilization unit comprises a gas turbine compressor 8, a gas turbine combustor 9, a gas turbine 10, a second heat exchanger H2, a heat regenerator H3 and a high-temperature heat storage device TS 2.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the compressed air energy storage unit, a low-pressure air inlet pipeline 2 of an energy storage compressor unit 3 is communicated with atmosphere 1, a high-pressure air outlet pipeline 5 of the energy storage compressor unit 3 is communicated with an air inlet of a high-pressure air storage chamber 13, a high-pressure air inlet pipeline 14 of an energy storage expansion unit 15 is communicated with an air outlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber 13, and an air outlet of the energy storage expansion unit 15 is communicated with atmosphere 16.
In the low-grade heat energy input unit, a heat storage material and a structure for introducing low-grade heat energy are arranged in the low-temperature heat storage device TS1, the heat storage material can be working media such as water and soil, and the low-grade heat energy is from solar low-temperature heat storage, industrial waste heat, cross-season heat storage and the like. The low-temperature heat storage device TS1 is also provided with a heat exchange coil, the hot side of the first heat exchanger H1 is communicated with the heat exchange coil in the low-temperature heat storage device TS1 through a pipeline to form a low-temperature heat energy circulation loop, and the cold side of the first heat exchanger H1 is arranged on a low-pressure air inlet pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit 3. The system also comprises an electric motor 4, and an output shaft L1 of the electric motor 4 is in transmission connection with a first power input end of the energy storage compressor unit 3. The electric energy of the motor 4 comes from one or more combinations of wind power generation, solar power generation, power grid and the like. The energy storage air compressor unit 3 and the energy storage expansion unit 15 are one or a combination of a plurality of piston type, centrifugal type, axial flow type, screw type or rotor type. And a power output shaft L6 of the energy storage expansion unit 15 is in transmission connection with a generator G2.
In the high-temperature heat energy utilization unit of the gas turbine, a high-pressure exhaust pipeline 5 of the energy storage compressor unit 3 is firstly communicated with a hot side inlet of a second heat exchanger H2, a hot side outlet of the second heat exchanger H2 is communicated with an inlet of a first heat exchange coil of a high-temperature heat storage device TS2 through a pipeline 6, and an outlet of the first heat exchange coil is communicated with an air inlet of a high-pressure air storage chamber 13. An air inlet of a gas turbine compressor 8 is communicated with the atmosphere 7, an air outlet of the gas turbine compressor 8 is communicated with a cold side inlet of a heat regenerator H3 through a pipeline, a cold side outlet of the heat regenerator H3 is communicated with an air inlet of a gas turbine combustor 9 after passing through a cold side of a second heat exchanger H2 through a pipeline 18, a bypass pipeline 19 is led out from a cold side inlet pipeline or a cold side outlet pipeline of the second heat exchanger H2, the bypass pipeline 19 is communicated with an air inlet of a high-pressure air storage chamber 13 after passing through a second heat exchange coil of a high-temperature heat storage device TS2, at least one control valve (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the bypass pipeline 19, and at least one pressure regulating valve 20 is arranged on a communication pipeline between the second heat exchange coil of the high-temperature heat storage device TS 36; the high-temperature gas outlet of the gas turbine combustor 9 is communicated with the atmosphere 12 through a pipeline 11 after sequentially passing through the gas turbine 10 and the hot side of the second heat exchanger H2. The gas turbine 10 at least comprises two power output shafts L3, L4, wherein the first power output shaft L4 is in transmission connection with the power input end of the gas turbine compressor 8, and is further in transmission connection with a generator G1 through a transmission shaft L5, the second power output shaft is in transmission connection with the second power input end L2 of the energy storage compressor set 3 through a clutch 17, and the clutch 17 is connected with the compressor and the gas turbine in the compressed air energy storage system and used for outputting electric energy and storing electric energy to the outside of the air system.
In the working process, in the compressed air energy storage system which efficiently utilizes low-grade heat energy and is coupled with the gas turbine, the working process of the compressed air energy storage unit is as follows: during energy storage, air 1 absorbs low-grade heat energy in a first heat exchanger H1 and then enters an energy storage compressor unit 3 to be compressed, compressed high-temperature high-pressure gas releases heat in a second heat exchanger H2 and then enters a high-temperature heat storage device TS2, and the high-temperature high-pressure air is cooled and then stored in a high-pressure air storage chamber 13 in a state close to normal temperature; when releasing energy, the compressed air in the high-pressure air storage chamber 13 firstly enters the high-temperature heat storage device TS2 to directly absorb heat and then enters the energy storage expansion unit 15 to expand and do work. The working process of the high-temperature heat energy utilization unit of the gas turbine comprises the following steps: the air 7 is compressed in the gas turbine compressor 8, the compressed air is preheated by the waste heat of the flue gas in the heat regenerator H3, then enters the second heat exchanger H2, the temperature is raised after the heat is further absorbed in the second heat exchanger H2, the high-temperature and high-pressure air enters the gas turbine combustor 9 and is mixed and combusted with the fuel therein to form high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas is discharged and then expanded through the gas turbine 10 to do work outwards, and the flue gas after doing work is recycled to the heat regenerator H3 to preheat the high-pressure air.
In fig. 1, a bypass line 19 is arranged at the second heat exchanger H2, and a part of high-temperature and high-pressure air is connected with the high-temperature heat storage device TS2 by using the bypass line 19, so as to extract the air at the high-temperature utilization side into the high-pressure air storage chamber 13 for storage, so that the compressed air energy storage system can store more energy, thereby meeting the load demand.
Compared with the prior art, the invention realizes the high-efficiency utilization of low-grade energy by adding the low-grade heat energy input unit and heating the air before entering the inlet of the energy storage compressor unit by using the low-grade heat energy on the basis of the existing compressed air energy storage system, improves the air inlet temperature of the combustion chamber of the gas turbine through heat exchange by combining the compressed air energy storage unit and the gas turbine, reduces the fuel consumption of the gas turbine, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the system by setting the heat regenerator to fully utilize the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine, and realizes the cascade utilization of the exhaust waste heat of the gas turbine.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, but rather, any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A compressed air energy storage system for efficiently utilizing low-grade heat energy and coupling a gas turbine comprises a low-grade heat energy input unit, a compressed air energy storage unit and a gas turbine high-temperature heat energy utilization unit, wherein the compressed air energy storage unit comprises an energy storage compressor unit, an energy storage expansion unit and a high-pressure air storage chamber, a low-pressure air inlet pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with the atmosphere, a high-pressure air outlet pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber, a high-pressure air inlet pipeline of the energy storage expansion unit is communicated with an air outlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber, and the compressed air energy storage system is characterized in,
the low-grade heat energy input unit comprises a low-temperature heat storage device and a first heat exchanger, wherein the low-temperature heat storage device is provided with a heat storage material and a structure for introducing low-grade heat energy, the low-temperature heat storage device is also provided with a heat exchange coil, the hot side of the first heat exchanger is communicated with the heat exchange coil in the low-temperature heat storage device through a pipeline to form a low-temperature heat energy circulation loop, and the cold side of the first heat exchanger is arranged on a low-pressure air inlet pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit;
-said gas turbine high temperature thermal energy utilization unit comprising a gas turbine compressor, a gas turbine combustor, a gas turbine, a second heat exchanger, a recuperator and a high temperature thermal storage device, wherein,
a high-pressure exhaust pipeline of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber after sequentially passing through the hot side of the second heat exchanger and the first heat exchange coil of the high-temperature heat storage device,
the air inlet of the gas turbine compressor is communicated with the atmosphere, the exhaust port of the gas turbine compressor is communicated with the air inlet of the gas turbine combustion chamber after sequentially passing through the cold side of the heat regenerator and the cold side of the second heat exchanger through pipelines, a bypass pipeline is led out from the cold side inlet pipeline or the cold side outlet pipeline of the second heat exchanger, the bypass pipeline is communicated with the air inlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber after passing through the second heat exchange coil of the high-temperature heat storage device, at least one control valve is arranged on the bypass pipeline, at least one pressure regulating valve is arranged on the communication pipeline between the second heat exchange coil of the high-temperature heat storage device and the air inlet of the high-pressure air storage chamber,
and a high-temperature gas outlet of the gas turbine combustion chamber sequentially passes through the gas turbine and the hot side of the second heat exchanger through pipelines and is communicated with the atmospheric environment.
2. A compressed air energy storage system according to any preceding claim wherein the system further comprises an electric motor, the output shaft of which is drivingly connected to the first power input of the energy storage compressor package.
3. The compressed air energy storage system of claim 2 wherein the electric power from the electric motor is from one or more combinations of wind power, solar power, electrical grid, and the like.
4. A compressed air energy storage system according to the preceding claim wherein the gas turbine comprises at least two power output shafts, wherein a first power output shaft is in driving connection with a power input end of the gas turbine compressor, a second power output shaft is in driving connection with a second power input end of the energy storage compressor unit through a clutch, and the clutch is connected with the compressor and the gas turbine in the compressed air energy storage system for the amount of electric energy output and stored by the air system.
5. A compressed air energy storage system according to the preceding claim wherein the first power take-off shaft of the gas turbine and the power take-off shaft of the energy storage expander assembly are each drivingly connected to a generator.
6. The compressed air energy storage system of the preceding claim, wherein the low-grade heat energy in the low-grade heat energy input unit is derived from solar low temperature heat storage, industrial waste heat, cross-season heat storage, and the like.
7. A compressed air energy storage system according to the preceding claim wherein the heat storage material provided in the low temperature heat storage device and the high temperature heat storage device may be water, soil or the like.
8. A compressed air energy storage system according to any preceding claim wherein the energy storage air compressor unit, energy storage expander unit is one or a combination of piston, centrifugal, axial, screw or rotor.
9. A compressed air energy storage system according to any preceding claim wherein the first heat exchanger, second heat exchanger and regenerator are one or a combination of shell and tube, plate fin, plate, spiral tube, sleeve, plate shell, tube fin and heat tube regenerators.
10. The compressed air energy storage system of the preceding claim, wherein during energy storage, air enters the energy storage compressor unit after absorbing low-grade heat energy in the first heat exchanger, the energy storage compressor unit is driven by surplus electric energy to compress the air to a high-temperature high-pressure state, the compressed high-temperature high-pressure gas releases heat in the second heat exchanger to heat the air flow introduced into the combustion chamber of the gas turbine, and the cooled air is cooled again in the high-temperature heat storage device and finally stored in the high-pressure air storage chamber in a normal-temperature high-pressure manner; meanwhile, in the high-temperature utilization unit of the gas turbine, after air is pressurized by a gas turbine compressor, compressed air is preheated by a heat regenerator, and then is subjected to heat exchange with high-temperature and high-pressure air discharged by an energy storage compressor unit in a second heat exchanger, and then is further heated, enters a combustion chamber to be mixed with fuel for combustion, and is expanded to apply work; the flue gas after burning and doing work enters a heat regenerator to preheat the air entering a compressor of the gas turbine; when releasing energy, the gas in the high-pressure gas storage chamber is heated by the high-temperature heat storage device and then is conveyed to the energy storage expansion machine to do work through expansion.
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| CN113864051A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-12-31 | 贵州电网有限责任公司 | Combustion engine and compressed air coupling system and method for quickly responding to peak regulation and frequency modulation requirements |
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